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ChapterOne

PowerandNationalInterestFareedZakariaQuestion

AccordingtoFareed

Zakaria,whatwasthemaincauseofBritain’sdecline?AndwhatwerethefailuresorfailingsorfaultsorweaknessesofdefectsorimperfectionsthatledtothefallofBritishEmpire?AnswerBritain’sdeclinewasdrivenbybadeconomics.Question

InFareedZakaria’seyes,whatisinterventionfortheUnitedStates?AnswerInterventionisatooloftheUnitedStatesforitsforeignpolicy.QuestionWhydoesFareedZakariasaythattheconceptofinterventionisdifficulttodefineordescribewhenappliedtointernationallaw?AnswerBecausemanyrelationsbetweenstatesinvolveelementsofcoercion,becauseitisdifficulttodetermineatwhichpointpressurebecomessufficientlycoerciveastobedeemedintervention,andbecausestatesalwaysclaimtherighttointerveneonthebasisof“vitalinterests”andneveragreeastowhatthisterminvolves.Question

AccordingtoFareedZakaria,whatwasthelargestchallengeBritainfacedwhentryingtomaintainitssuperpowerstatus?AnswerItwasitseconomy.UnitedStatesPresidentialdoctrines

UnitedStatesPresidentialdoctrinesarekeygoals,attitudes,orstances(positions)forUnitedStates

foreignaffairsoutlinedbyPresidentsthatweredubbed(called/named)their"doctrines".MostpresidentialdoctrinesarerelatedtotheColdWar.ThoughmanyU.S.Presidentshadthemesrelatedtotheirhandlingofforeignpolicy,thetermdoctrinegenerallyappliestoPresidentssuchasJamesMonroe,HarryS.Truman,RichardNixon,JimmyCarterandRonaldReagan,allofwhomhaddoctrineswhichmorecompletelycharacterizedtheirforeignpolicy.vibrant[?va?br?nt]givinganimpressionofvigourandactivityhavingorshowinggreatlife,activity,andenergyHowcanthestatesreturntoitsvibranteconomy?QuestionAccordingtoFareedZakaria,whatmakesitunabletomaketherelativelysimplereformsthatwouldplacetheUnitedStatesonextremelysolidfootingforthefuture?AnswerItistheUnitedStates’politicalsystemthatisdysfunctional,unabletomaketherelativelysimplereformsthatwouldplacethecountryonextremelysolidfootingforthefuture.Question

AccordingtoFareedZakaria,whatiswrongwiththeUnitedStatestodayforthenewage?AnswerTheUnitedStatesseemslargelyunawareofthenewworldrisingaroundit—andshowsfewsignsofbeingabletoreorientU.S.policyforthisnewage.Question

AccordingtoFareed

Zakaria,whatsealedthefateoftheBritishEmpire?Answer

ItwasWorldWarIIthatsealedthefateoftheBritishEmpire,thoughtheUnitedKingdomhadbegunlooseningcontroloveritsempireearlier.writ法令aformalwrittenorderissuedinthenameofacourtoflaw,government,orotherauthority,directingapersontodoornottodosomething.Question

WhatwasthestatusoftheBritishEmpireintheworldpoliticsatthetimeofWorldWarI?AnswerPolitically,theBritishEmpirewasstillthecapitaloftheworldatthetimeofWorldWarI,anditswritwasunequaledandlargelyunchallengedacrossmuchoftheglobe.QuestionAccordingtoFareedZakaria,whatwerethecausesofBritain’sdecline?AnswerUnusualcircumstancesabated;otherWesterncountriescaughtupwithindustrialization;Germanyunited;andtheUnitedStatesresolveditsNorth-Southdivide.Question

AccordingtoZakaria,howdidBritainmanagetomaintainitspositionastheleadingworldpowerfordecadesafteritlostitseconomicdominance?AnswerBritainmanagedtodothatthroughacombinationofshrewdstrategyandgooddiplomacy.QuestionAccordingtoFareedZakaria,whatiswrongwiththepoliticsoftheUnitedStates?AnswerTheUnitedStateshasdevelopedahighlydysfunctionalpoliticsthathasbeencapturedbymoney,specialinterests,asensationalistmedia,andideologicalattackgroups.

Question

AccordingtoFareedZakaria,whathashappenedoverthelast500yearsinthedistributionofpowerthathavereshapedinternationallife:itspolitics,economics,andculture?Answer

Therehavebeenthreefundamentalpowershiftsoverthelast500yearsinthedistributionofpowerthathavereshapedinternationallife:itspolitics,economics,andculture.Question

AccordingtoFareedZakaria,whatdidthefirsttheriseoftheWesternworldbringabout?AnswerItproducedmodernity:scienceandtechnology,commerceandcapitalism,theagriculturalandindustrialrevolutions.ItalsoproducedtheprolongedpoliticaldominanceofthenationsoftheWest.QuestionWhatdoesFareedZakariameanintermsofaU.S.imperium?AnswerItisauniqueunipolarworldinwhichtheopenglobaleconomyhasexpandedandaccelerated,thatthisexpansionisdrivingthenextchangeinthenatureoftheinternationalorder,andthatatthepolitico-militarylevel,theUnitedStatesremainsinasingle-superpowerworld.Question

AccordingtoFareedZakaria,whatwillhappeniftheworldbecomesmultipolar?AnswerOneverydimensionotherthanmilitarypower—industrial,financial,social,cultural—thedistributionofpowerisshifting,movingawayfromU.S.dominanceintoapost-Americanworld,onedefinedanddirectedfrommanyplacesandb

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