汽機(jī)培訓(xùn)2(喀北電站概述)

喀北電站汽機(jī)概述Turbineoverview喀北電站汽機(jī)圖片turbinepicture汽機(jī)主機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)概述Generaldescriptionofmainunitstructure

汽輪機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)組成：

Compositionofsteamturbine

靜止部分：包括汽缸、噴嘴、隔板、隔板套、汽封及軸承等部件；Staticparts:includingcasing,nozzle,diaphragm,diaphragmsleeve,glandsealandbearingsetc.轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)部件：包括動(dòng)葉片及轉(zhuǎn)子（葉輪、主軸）聯(lián)軸器、汽封等部件；Rotatingparts:includingmovingbladeandrotor(impeller,mainshaft),coupling,glandsealetc.附屬設(shè)備：包括主汽閥、調(diào)節(jié)汽閥、調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)、主油泵、輔助油泵及潤(rùn)滑裝置等。Auxiliaryequipment:includingmainsteamvalve,adjustingsteamvalve,adjustingsystem,mainoilpump,auxiliaryoilpumpandlubricatingdeviceetc.主機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)概述及性能參數(shù)汽缸casing隔板、汽封diaphragm,glandseal軸承shaftbearing轉(zhuǎn)子rotor盤車turninggear汽缸、滑銷系統(tǒng)汽缸是汽輪機(jī)的外殼。其作用是將進(jìn)入汽輪機(jī)的蒸汽與大氣隔開，形成蒸汽能量轉(zhuǎn)換的封閉汽室；汽缸內(nèi)部安裝著隔板和隔板套、汽封等部件，外部與進(jìn)汽、排汽及抽汽等管道相連接，因此還起著支承定位的作用。Casingistheshellofturbine.Itsfunctionistoseparatethesteamenteringintotheturbinefromatmosphere,formingthesealedsteamchamberwherethesteamenergycanbetransformed;thecomponentssuchasdiaphragmandbladecarrieretc.areinstalledinthecasing,thepipessuchassteamadmissionpipe,exhaustpipeandextractionpipeareconnectedtotheexteriorpartofcasing,therefore,italsoplaystheroleofsupportingandpositioning.高壓汽缸為單層缸隔板套結(jié)構(gòu)，由高壓缸前部和高壓缸后部?jī)刹糠纸M成。前部由耐熱合金ZG20CrMoV澆鑄而成，后部由碳鋼ZG230～450澆鑄而成，兩部分通過垂直法蘭用螺栓連接起來，高壓缸前部采用高窄法蘭，取消法蘭加熱裝置，有利于機(jī)組快速啟停。TheHPcasingissinglelayerbladecarrierstructure,itconsistsofthefrontpartandrearpart.ThefrontpartisforgedbyheatresistantalloyZG20CrMoV,therearpartiscastedwithmildsteelZG230～450.thesetwopartsareconnectedtogetherthroughverticalflangewithblots,thefrontpartofPhcasingadoptshighnarrowflange,theheatingdeviceshouldberemoved,whichisfavorablefortheshutdownandstartupofunitwithfastspeed.高壓缸前部有四個(gè)蒸汽室，與汽缸焊成一體，每個(gè)蒸汽室內(nèi)裝有一只調(diào)節(jié)閥，四個(gè)調(diào)節(jié)閥各自控制著一組噴嘴。每個(gè)調(diào)節(jié)閥由一個(gè)調(diào)節(jié)閥操縱座控制其開度。新汽通過主汽閥后，由四根主汽管分別引入四個(gè)高壓調(diào)節(jié)閥，由調(diào)節(jié)閥控制進(jìn)入高壓缸的蒸汽流量。高壓缸排汽通過位于汽缸上方的兩根連通管進(jìn)入低壓缸。進(jìn)入低壓缸的蒸汽對(duì)稱地向前后兩個(gè)方向流動(dòng)，在通流部分膨脹做功之后，經(jīng)過低壓缸擴(kuò)壓管排入排汽裝置。Therearefoursteamchambersinfrontofcasing，whichareweldedintegrallywithcasing,eachairchamberisequippedwithacontrolvalve,theindividualcontrolvalvescontrolsagroupofnozzlerespectively.Acontrolpedestalofcontrolvalvecontrolstheopeningofacontrolvalve.Afterpassingthroughthemainstopvalve,thefreshsteamisintroducedintoHPcontrolvalvebyfourmainsteampipes,thesteamenteringintoHPcasingiscontrolledbycontrolvalve.TheexhaustedsteamfromHPcasingentersintoLPcasingthroughtwoconnectingtubeslocatedonthetopofcasing.ThesteamenteredintoLPcasingflowsforwardandbackwardsymmetrically,afterexpandingtoworkintheadmissionpassage.ThesteamwillbedischargedintoexhaustdevicethroughdiffusertubeofLPcasing.低壓缸為雙流式，軸承箱落地。該缸為雙層，外缸為鋼板焊接，由三段組成，內(nèi)缸為小段鑄件及鋼板焊接而成。內(nèi)缸以鍵定位，兩腳擱在外缸內(nèi)側(cè)的支撐面上，外缸支撐在基架上。外缸與軸承座間在下半設(shè)有立鍵。高低壓缸連通管與低壓內(nèi)外缸靠波紋管相聯(lián)，滿足既能密封又能自由膨脹的要求。LPcasingisdoubleflow,itsbearingboxisgroundingarranged.Thiscasingisalsooftoolayers,theexteriorcasingisweldedwithstealboard,andcomposedofthreestages,theinteriorcasingisweldedwithshortcastingandsteelboard.Interiorcasingispositionedbykeys,itstwofeetisplacedonthesupportingsurfaceontheinternalsideofexteriorcasing,exteriorcasingissupportedontheframe.betweentheexteriorcasingandbearingpedestal,theverticalpinissetonlowerpart.TheconnectingtubeofIPcasingandLPcasingisconnectedwiththeexteriorandinteriorLPcasingbybellow.Whichcanmeettherequirementofsealingandfreeexpansion.汽輪機(jī)在啟動(dòng)、停機(jī)和工況變化時(shí)，溫度發(fā)生變化，將產(chǎn)生膨脹或收縮。為了保證汽缸受熱或冷卻后以正確的方向膨脹或收縮，并保持汽缸與轉(zhuǎn)子中心一致，設(shè)置了一套滑銷系統(tǒng)?；N系統(tǒng)通常由橫銷、縱銷、立銷等組成。Duringthestartup,shutdownandchangingofworkcondition,thetemperaturechanges,theturbinewillexpandorshrink.Inordertoensurethatturbinecanexpandorshrinkintherightdirectionwhenitisheatedorcooled,andthecenterofcasingandthatofrotorcomplywitheachother,asetofslidingpinsystemisestablished.Theslidingpinsystemconsistsoftransversepin,longitudinalpinandverticalpinetc,thestructureofeveryslidingpinisasfig.6—10show.該機(jī)組采用雙死點(diǎn)滑銷系統(tǒng)，一個(gè)死點(diǎn)位于中箱底部，一個(gè)死點(diǎn)位于低壓進(jìn)汽中心線上。高壓缸前后各兩個(gè)貓爪，分面支撐在前軸承箱、中軸承箱上，中軸承箱采用傳統(tǒng)的貓爪-橫鍵，前軸承箱采用推拉桿結(jié)構(gòu)。Thisunitadoptstheslidingpinsystemwithdoubledeadpoints,onedeadpointislocatedonthebottomofintermediatebox,theotheroneissituatedontheLPsteamintakecenterline.TherearetwocatclawsonfrontandrearpartofHPcasingrespectively.Whicharesupportedonthefrontbearingboxandintermediatebearingbox,theintermediatebearingboxadoptstraditionalcatclaw-transversekey,thefrontbearingboxadoptsthepushpullrodstructure.轉(zhuǎn)子(高中壓缸轉(zhuǎn)子)rotor(HIPcasingrotor)轉(zhuǎn)子（低壓缸轉(zhuǎn)子）rotor(LPcasingrotor)高中壓轉(zhuǎn)子與低壓轉(zhuǎn)子均為整鍛結(jié)構(gòu)。高壓轉(zhuǎn)子材料30Cr1Mo1V，低壓轉(zhuǎn)子材料30Cr2Ni4MoV。HIProtorandLProtorareallintegralforgedrotor.MaterialofHIProtoris30Cr1Mo1V,materialofLProtoris30Cr2Ni4MoV.汽輪機(jī)各轉(zhuǎn)子之間以及汽輪機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子與發(fā)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子之間均用聯(lián)軸器連接，用以傳遞扭矩和軸向力。Usecouplingstoconnectrotorsofasteamturbine,aswellasrotorsofsteamturbineandrotorsofgenerator,whichistotransfertorqueandaxialforce.隔板diaphragm隔板和汽封diaphragmandglandseal隔板用來固定靜葉片，并將汽缸內(nèi)分隔成若干個(gè)汽室。為了安裝與拆卸方便，隔板通常做成水平對(duì)分形式。隔板內(nèi)圓孔處開有汽封安裝槽，用來安裝隔板汽封，減小隔板漏汽損失。Thediaphragmisusedtofixthestationaryblade,anddividethecasingintoseveralsteamchambers.Inordertoassembleanddisassembleiteasily.Thediaphragmisusuallydividedintotwopartshorizontally.thesealinginstallationslotissetintheorificeinthediaphragm,whichisusedtoinstalldiaphragmseal,reducethelossofsteamleakage.沖動(dòng)式汽輪機(jī)的隔板主要由靜葉片、隔板體和隔板外緣組成，主要形式有焊接式和鑄造式兩種。Thediaphragmofactionturbineconsistsofstationaryblade,diaphragmproperanddiaphragmperiphery,themainformincludeweldingconnectionandcastingtwokinds.汽輪機(jī)有靜子和轉(zhuǎn)子兩大部分。運(yùn)行時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)子高速旋轉(zhuǎn)，而靜子固定不動(dòng)。因此，轉(zhuǎn)子與靜子之間必須保持一定的間隙，才能不使它們相互碰撞和磨擦。Asteamturbinehasstatorsandrotors.Whileitruns,rotorsrotateathighspeed,andstatorskeepstill.Therefore,thereshouldbecertainspacebetweenarotorandastatorinthepurposeofavoidingcrashandfriction.蒸汽流過汽輪機(jī)各級(jí)工作時(shí)，壓力、溫度逐級(jí)下降，在隔板兩側(cè)存在著壓差。當(dāng)動(dòng)葉有反擊度時(shí)，動(dòng)葉片前后也存在壓差。Whensteamflowsthrougheverystagetowork,itspressureandtemperaturedescendstagebystage,sothereispressuredifferencebetweentwosidesofthediaphragm.Whenmovingbladehasreactiondegree,thereisalsopressuredifferencebetweenitsfrontpartandbackpart.蒸汽除了絕大部分從導(dǎo)葉、動(dòng)葉的通道中流過作功外，一小部分將會(huì)從各處間隙中流過而不作功，成為一種損失，降低了汽輪機(jī)的效率。轉(zhuǎn)子必須穿出汽缸，支承在軸承上，此處也必然要留有間隙。Mostofthesteamworkswhenflowingthroughpassagesofguidebladesandmovingblades,butasmallpartofitflowsthroughclearanceswhichisalossandreducesefficiencyoftheturbine.Therotorsmustcomeoutcasingandbesupportedbythebearing,andthentheremustbeclearance.對(duì)于高壓缸的兩端和中壓缸的前端，汽缸內(nèi)蒸汽壓力大于外界大氣壓力，蒸汽將會(huì)向外漏出，降低了效率，并造成部分凝結(jié)水損失。在中壓缸的排汽端及低壓缸的兩端，因汽缸內(nèi)的蒸汽壓力低于外界大氣壓力，在主軸穿出汽缸處的間隙中，將會(huì)有空氣漏入汽缸內(nèi)。AtthebothendsofHPcasingandthefrontendofIPcasing,pressureofsteaminthecasingislargerthanthatoutside,thussteamwouldleakoutwhichreducesefficiencyofthesteamturbineandcausespartofcondensateloss.AtexhaustendofIPcasingandbothendsofLPcasing,becausepressureofsteaminthecasingislowerthatoutside,whenmainshaftcomesoutoftheclearanceonthecasing,someairwouldgetinthecasing.由于空氣在凝汽器中不能凝結(jié)，使汽輪機(jī)背壓升高，降低了蒸汽的作功能力。為了減少上述各處間隙中的漏汽(或從外部漏入空氣)，又要保證汽輪機(jī)正常安全運(yùn)行，特設(shè)置了各種汽封。這些汽封可分為通流部分汽封、隔板汽封和汽缸前后汽封(也稱軸封)三大類。但從工作原理來說，這三類汽封都屬于迷宮式汽封。Asaircannotcoagulateincondenser,backpressureofthesteamturbinerises,whichreducesworkingabilityofthesteam.Inordertoreducesteamleakagementionedabove(orairoutsidegettingin),aswellasensurenormalrunningofthesteamturbine,allkindsofsealsteamsareset.Thesessealsteamscanbeclassifiedintothreekinds:flowsectionseal,diaphragmseal,aswellascasingfrontandbackseals(whichisalsocalledglandseal).However,basedonworkingtheory,allthethreekindsofsealsteamsbelongtolabyrinthseal.Thediaphragmsealandtheflowsectionsealareshowedinfigure。N110型汽輪機(jī)高壓端部汽封及所有高壓隔板汽封采用梳齒式汽封，低壓端部汽封及隔板汽封采用斜平齒汽封。設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)采用了較大的軸向間隙和較小的徑向間隙，減少漏汽損失，提高機(jī)組效率。ThesteamsealofthehighpressureendandallthehighpressurediaphragmsteamsealofN110typeturbineadopttheserrate-typesteamsealwhilethesteamsealoflowpressureendandthediaphragmsteamsealadopttheslantingandflatteethsteamseal.Thebiggeraxialclearanceandsmallerradialclearanceareadoptedduringdesigntoreducethesteamleakagelossandimprovetheunitefficiency.隔板與動(dòng)葉根部間的汽封齒采用徑向汽封，徑向汽封的間隙可以很小，一般為0.5mm，同時(shí)可以具有較大的軸向間隙，可以適應(yīng)機(jī)組快速起停的需要。Thesteamsealteethbetweenthediaphragmandthemovingbladerootareadoptedtheradialsteamsealwhoseclearancecanbeverysmallandusuallyisabout0.5mm.Meanwhile,biggeraxialclearancecanexist,whichcanmeettheneedsofquickstartupandshutdownoftheunit.動(dòng)葉葉頂汽封為三至四片，降低漏汽損失。Thesteamsealonthetopofthemovingbladearethreetofourpieces,whichistodecreasethesteamleakageloss.軸承shaftbearing汽輪機(jī)的軸承有推力軸承和支持軸承兩種類型。支持軸承的作用是承擔(dān)轉(zhuǎn)子的重量及轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生的離心力，并確定轉(zhuǎn)子的徑向位置，保證轉(zhuǎn)子中心與汽缸中心一致，以保持轉(zhuǎn)子與靜止部分間正確的徑向間隙；推力軸承的作用是承受轉(zhuǎn)子上未平衡的軸向推力，并確定轉(zhuǎn)子的軸向位置，以保證動(dòng)、靜部分間正確的軸向間隙。Theturbinebearinghastwotypesasthrustbearingandjournal-bearing.Thefunctionofjournal-bearingistobeartheweightoftherotorandthecentrifugalforceproducedbecauseoftheimbalanceoftherotor,andfixontheradialpositionoftherotorandensuretherotorcenterisconsistenttothecasingcentersoastokeepthecorrectradialclearancebetweentherotorandthestationarypart;thefunctionofthethrustbearingistobeartheaxialthrustthathasn’tbeenbalancedontherotor,andfixontheaxialpositionoftherotorsoastoensurethecorrectaxialclearancebetweenthemovingpartandthestationarypart.汽輪機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子重量及軸向推力都很大，且轉(zhuǎn)子的轉(zhuǎn)速很高，軸承在高速重載條件下工作。因此，汽輪機(jī)軸承都采用液體摩擦的滑動(dòng)軸承。工作時(shí)，在軸頸和軸瓦之間形成油膜，建立液體摩擦，以保證機(jī)組安全平穩(wěn)地工作。Theweightoftherotoroftheturbineisveryheavy;theaxialthrustisverystrong;therotorspeedisveryhighandthebearingworksunderthehighpeedandheavyloadcondition.Therefore,theturbinebearingsarealladoptedtheslidingbearingwithliquidfriction.Duringworking,oilfilmsareformedbetweentheshaftneckandthebearingbushandtheliquidfrictionisestablishedsoastoensuretheunittoworksafelyandstably.汽輪機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子由四個(gè)支持軸承支持，其中1#軸承為推力-支持聯(lián)合軸承，置于前軸承箱內(nèi)，支持部分具有球面、可自位；推力部分為密切爾式。工作瓦和定位瓦各10塊，瓦塊為扇形，可擺動(dòng)。每塊工作瓦都裝有WZPM2-001、Pt100型表面鉑熱電阻測(cè)量軸承合金溫度。2#軸承與3#軸承置于中軸承箱內(nèi)，裝有WZPM2-001、Pt100型表面鉑熱電阻測(cè)量軸承合金溫度。4#軸承置于后軸承箱內(nèi)，裝有WZPM2-001、Pt100型表面鉑熱電阻測(cè)量軸承合金溫度。各軸承下瓦開有高壓油頂起油孔供啟動(dòng)和停機(jī)盤車時(shí)頂起轉(zhuǎn)子。前、中、后軸承箱為落地式鋼板焊接結(jié)構(gòu)，鋼板材料Q235-A。后軸承箱回油口裝有窺視管，開有觀察窗，可直接觀察油流情況。窺視管裝有電接點(diǎn)雙金屬溫度計(jì)及WZP2-221鉑熱電阻，可就地顯示油溫，及遠(yuǎn)傳報(bào)警和控制。Therotorofthesteamturbineissupportedbyfoursupportingbearings.Thebearing1#isthrust-supportingjointbearingandisplacedinsidethefrontbearinghousing,whosesupportingparthassphereandcanself-align;andthrustpartisofMichelltype.Therearetenworkingbushesandlocatingbushesrespectively.Thepadisinsegmentalshapeandcanswing.EachworkingbushisinstalledwithasurfaceplatinumresistanceofWZPM2-001andPt100typemeasuringthetemperatureofthebearingalloy.Thebearing2#and3#areplacedinsidethemiddlebearinghousingandareinstalledwithasurfaceplatinumresistanceofWZPM2-001andPt10typemeasuringthetemperatureofthebearingalloy.Thebearing4#isplacedintherearbearinghousingandisinstalledwithasurfaceplatinumresistanceofWZPM2-00andPt100typemeasuringthetemperatureofthebearingalloy.Ajack-upoilholeofhighpressureoilisopenedunderthelowerbushofeachbearingtojacktherotorduringthestartup,shutdownandjigger.Thefront,middleandrearbearinghousingsareoffloor-typesteelplateweldingstructuresandthesteelplatematerialisQ235-A.Thereturnedoilinletoftherearbearinghousingisinstalledwithapeeptubeandanobservationwindowisopenedfordirectlyobservingtheoilflowstate.Thepeeptubeisequippedwithelectric-contactbimetalthermometerandtheWZP2-221platinumresistance,throughwhichtheoiltemperaturecanbeshownonthespot,thealarmcanbetransmittedremotelyandcontrolled.汽機(jī)主機(jī)部分steamturbinepart1.型號(hào)type：N110-8.83/535type2.形式：高溫、高壓、沖動(dòng)式、雙缸、雙排汽、凝汽式2.structuretype:Hightemp.HP,impulsetype,dual-casing,dual-discharge,condensatetype3.額定功率ratedpower：110MW4.額定轉(zhuǎn)速ratedspeed：3000r/min5.轉(zhuǎn)向rotarydirection：從機(jī)頭向發(fā)電機(jī)方向看順時(shí)針clockwise(seefromturbinetogenerator)6.工作電網(wǎng)頻率gridfrequency：50Hz7.額定進(jìn)汽量ratedfeedsteam：401.01t/h8.最大進(jìn)汽量Max.feedsteam：420t/h9.最大功率Max.power：114.96MW10.新汽壓力livesteampressure：8.83MPa11.新汽溫度livesteamtemp.：535℃12.額定背壓ratedbackpressure：7.9KPa13.級(jí)數(shù)stages:1C+15P+2x6P（28stages）14.汽耗steamconsumption:3.646kg/kW.h15.熱耗thermalconsumption:8997kJ/kW.h主油泵mainoilpump潤(rùn)滑油系統(tǒng)Lubeoilsystem主油泵mainoilpump主油泵入口mainoilpumpinletpressure0.11—0.14MP， 出口outletpressure1.4—1.65MP， 設(shè)計(jì)designpressure1.96MP,146150kg/h主油箱mainoiltank28.8m3(cubicmeter)立方米潤(rùn)滑油壓lube.oilpressure0.18—0.19MP潤(rùn)滑油過濾器lube.oilfilterSPL150XB，，105.6t/h啟動(dòng)高壓油泵startHPoilpumpSNH210R40E，2MP，321L/min電機(jī)motorYB160L—2，18.5KW,415V交流油泵出口ACoilpumpoutlet0.35MP，2700L/min,30KW,415V直流油泵出口DCoilpumpoutlet0.35MP，2700L/min,30KW,110V凈化裝置（固定）purificationdevice(stationarytype)QYJB-6，85L/min,55.49kw,415V,(移動(dòng)）(portabletype)冷油器oilcoolerYL-2X120-15，120m2頂軸油泵jackingoilpump1971Kg/h,32MP,1500r/min,電機(jī)motor18.5KW，415V，1500r/min盤車turninggear4.6r/min,18.5KW,415V,730r/min冷油器oilcooler盤車turninggear在汽輪機(jī)不進(jìn)蒸汽時(shí)驅(qū)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)子以一定轉(zhuǎn)速旋轉(zhuǎn)的設(shè)備稱為盤車裝置。其作用是：Theequipmentwhichdrivestherotorrotatesatcertainspeedwhenthereisnosteamenteringthesteamturbineiscalledturninggear,whosefunctionsare:1)在汽輪機(jī)沖轉(zhuǎn)前和停機(jī)后使轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，以避免轉(zhuǎn)子受熱和冷卻不均而產(chǎn)生熱彎曲。在汽輪機(jī)啟動(dòng)過程中，為了使凝汽器內(nèi)建立起一定的真空，需在沖轉(zhuǎn)前向軸封供汽，由此進(jìn)入汽缸的蒸汽滯留在汽缸的上部，使汽輪機(jī)上、下部分出現(xiàn)溫差，若轉(zhuǎn)子靜止不動(dòng)將向上彎曲，影響啟動(dòng)工作的正常進(jìn)行，甚至引起動(dòng)、靜部件摩擦。Tomaketherotorrotatesbeforethesteamturbinerunningandaftershutdownsoastopreventtherotorfromproducingthermalbendingbecauseofunevenheatingandcoldness.Inthestartupprocessofthesteamturbine,itneedstosupplysteamtotheglandsealbeforetherunningsoastosetupcertainvacuuminsidethecondenser.Thesteamthatentersthecasingthroughthisplacestaysonthetopofthecasing,whichmakesthetemperaturedifferencesappearbetweentheupperpartandthelowerpartofthesteamturbine.Iftherotorkeepsstatic,itwillbendupward,whichinfluencesthenormalstartupworkandevenresultsinfrictionsbetweenactingcomponentsandstaticcomponents.停機(jī)時(shí)，汽輪機(jī)下缸比上缸冷卻快，上、下部分之間也存在溫差，如果轉(zhuǎn)子停下后靜止，將使大軸彎曲，這種彎曲需要較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能消失，不利于汽輪機(jī)馬上重新投入運(yùn)行。Duringshutdown,thelowercasingofthesteamturbinecoolsmorequicklythantheuppercasingdoes.Therearetemperaturedifferencesbetweentheupperpartandthelowerpart.Iftherotorstopsandkeepsstatic,itwillmaketheshaftbend.Thiskindofbendneedsalongertimetodisappear,whichisbadforthesteamturbinetobeputintooperationagainquickly.2)啟動(dòng)前盤動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)子，可以檢查動(dòng)靜部件間是否有摩擦、潤(rùn)滑油系統(tǒng)工作是否正常及主軸彎曲是否過大等，用來檢查汽輪機(jī)是否具備正常啟動(dòng)條件。2)toturntherotorbeforestartup,throughwhichcanexaminewhetherthereisanyfrictionbetweentheactingcomponentsandthestaticcomponents,whetherthelubricationoilsystemworksnormally,andwhetherthebendofthemainshaftistoolargeandsoon,andcancheckwhetherthesteamturbinehasthenormalstartupconditions.按盤車轉(zhuǎn)速高低，盤車裝置可分為高速盤車和低速盤車兩種。采用高速盤車時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速(40～70)r/min，可以加快汽缸內(nèi)的熱交換，減小上、下缸之間及轉(zhuǎn)子內(nèi)部溫差，縮短機(jī)組啟停時(shí)間，并可以在軸承內(nèi)較好的建立起油膜，保護(hù)軸頸和軸瓦。低速盤車時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)子轉(zhuǎn)速為(2～4)r/min，啟動(dòng)力矩小，沖擊載荷小，有利于延長(zhǎng)部件的使用壽命。按結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，盤車裝置可分為具有螺旋軸的電動(dòng)盤車、具有擺動(dòng)齒輪的電動(dòng)盤車及具有鏈輪——蝸輪蝸桿的電動(dòng)盤車。

Accordingtothejiggerspeed,theturninggearcanbedividedintohighspeedjiggerandlowspeedjiggertwotypes.Whenadoptingthehighspeedjigger,therotorspeedis(40～70)r/min,whichcanspeeduptheheatexchangeinsidethecasing,decreasethetemperaturedifferencesbetweentheuppercasingandthelowercasingandinsidetherotor,shortentheunitstartuptimeandcanbettersetupoilfilmsinsidethebearingtoprotecttheshaftjournalandbearingbush.Therotorspeedis(2～4)r/minduringlowspeedjigger.Thestart-upmomentissmallandtheimpactloadislighter,whichisgoodforprolongtheuselifeofthecomponents.Accordingtothestructurefeatures,theturninggearcanbedividedaselectricjiggerwithscrewaxis,electricjiggerswithwobblegearandelectricjiggerwithchainwheels---worm-gear.本機(jī)組盤車裝置安裝在后軸承座蓋上，為低速盤車裝置。它既能手動(dòng)盤車，又能電動(dòng)盤車；既能手動(dòng)投入，又能自動(dòng)投入。Theturninggearofthisunitwhichisinstalledonthecoveroftherearbearingpedestalis