物流英語教學(xué)課件：chapter 2 Transportation

ChapterTwoTransportationText3:IntroductionofTransportationText4:MaritimeShippingSupplementaryreading:IntermodalTransportationLearningobjective

TounderstandthenatureoftransportationTolearnthefivemodesoftransportationToknowabouttheimportantfeatureofmaritimeshippingTogetfamiliarwithintermodaltransport

Text3:IntroductionofTransportation

Keyterms:transportation運輸transportationmode運輸方式roadtransportation公路運輸railtransportation鐵路運輸waterwaytransportation水路運輸 airtransportation航空運輸pipelinetransportation管道運輸 intermodaltransportation多式聯(lián)運GeneralIntroductionofTransportation

Whatistransportation?Transportationisthemovementofpeopleandgoodsfromoneplacetoanother.majormodesoftransportation:Railwaytransportation,

road

transportation,waterwaytransportation,airtransportationandpipelinetransportationIntermodaltransportationoccurswhentwomodesormoreworkcloselytogetheronaregularbasis,utilizingtheadvantageofeachothers.DiversityofTransportationModes

Roadtransportationwhatarethemostimportantcharacteristicsofroadtransportation?Answer:capableofprovidingadoortodoorserviceflexibleenoughtoperform“just-in-time”deliveryforhigher-value/lower-volumecargooverrelativelyshortdistanceIntensecompetitionRailtransportationwhatarethemostimportantcharacteristicsofrailtransportation?Answer:offerscost-effectivetransportoverlongdistancesgoodforcargoswithhighvolumeandlowvalueConsumeslessenergy

Waterwaytransportation

Waterwaytransportationincludesmaritimetransportationandrivertransportation.Themostimportantcharacteristicsofwaterwaytransportationinclude:bigcapacity,goodforlargequantityofcargosconnectsportsfromdifferentcontinentsthecleanestamongalltransportationmodesAirtransportationThemostimportantcharacteristicsofairtransportationinclude:Itofferrapid,flexibledeliveryexpensivecomparedtothechargesoflandandoceanfreightmainlyforvaluableorperishablegoodsairfreightservicestendedtobeunreliablePipelinestransportationThemostimportantcharacteristicsofpipelinetransportationinclude:designedforaspecificpurposeonly,tocarryonecommodityfromalocationtoanothereffectiveintransportinglargequantitiesofproductslinkisolatedareasofproductionwithmajorcentersofrefiningandmanufactureCompetitionbetweenTransportationModes

eachoftransportationmodehasitskeyoperationalandcommercialadvantages(SeeTable2-1).Asaresult,modescancompeteorcomplementeachotherintermsofcost,

speed,accessibility,frequency,safety,comfort,etc.翻譯:1.Transportationisthemovementofpeopleandgoodsfromoneplacetoanother.Railwaytransportation,roadtransportation,waterwaytransportation,airtransportationandpipelinetransportationmakeupthemajormodesoftransportinmodernsociety.

運輸是人和物品在兩地之間的移動?，F(xiàn)代社會的主要運輸方式包括鐵路運輸、公路運輸、水路運輸、航空運輸和管道運輸。2.Intermodaltransportationoccurswhentwomodesormoreworkcloselytogetheronaregularbasis,utilizingtheadvantageofeachothers.多式聯(lián)運是指兩種或兩種以上的運輸方式利用各自優(yōu)勢，進行常規(guī)的合作。3.Inroadtransportmarket,operatorsareabletouseexistingroadwayinfrastructureanddonotneedtoputinabigcapitalinvestmentaheadoftime.Hence,therearelotsofcompetitorsofferingthesamekindofservicewithcompetitiveprices.在公路運輸市場中，承運人可以使用現(xiàn)有的公路設(shè)施，無須先進行大量的資本投入。因此這個市場中競爭者很多，他們以有競爭力的價格提供相似的服務(wù)。4.Railoffersthecost-effectivetransportoflargequantitiesofcargosoverlongdistances.Itisespeciallygoodforcargoswithhighvolumeandlowvalue,suchascoal,timberandgrain.鐵路為大宗貨物的長距離運輸提供經(jīng)濟的運輸服務(wù)。體積大、價值低的貨物，比如煤炭、木材和谷物，特別適合使用鐵路進行運輸。5.Itofferrapid,flexibledelivery,butitisalsoperceivedasexpensivecomparedtothechargesoflandandoceanfreight.Bulkycargowithlowunitvaluecannotaffordtoshipbyair.它能提供快速、靈活、機動的運輸服務(wù)，但是大家認為和水陸貨物運輸相比，航空費用昂貴。低值而體積大的貨物難以承受航空運輸?shù)膬r格6.Asaresult,modescancompeteorcomplementeachotherintermsofcost,speed,accessibility,frequency,safety,comfort,etc.因此，運輸方式之間能夠在成本、速度、可得性、經(jīng)常性（服務(wù)頻率）、安全性和舒適程度等方面相互競爭或補充。TopicforDiscussion:

討論話題1.Discusstheimportantroletransportationplaysinlogisticssystem.2.Thepicturebelowshowsusthecapacitydifferencesofavarietyoftransportmodes,pleasediscuss:whyarethesedifferencesimportanttous?Text4MaritimeShipping

Keytermsmaritimeshipping海洋運輸 bulkcargo散裝貨物break-bulkcargo件雜貨 bulkcarrier散貨船generalcargoship雜貨船 rollon-rolloff(RORO)vessels滾裝船charterservices不定期租船服務(wù) linerservices班輪服務(wù)MaritimeFreight

Maritimefreightisconsideredintwocategories:bulkcargoandbreakbulkcargo.BulkcargoBulkcargoreferstofreight,bothdryorliquid,thatisnotpackaged,suchasminerals(oil,coal,ironore)andgrains.Break-bulkcargoBreak-bulkcargoreferstogeneralcargothathasbeenpackagedinsomewayswiththeuseofbags,boxesordrums.CargoShips

BulkcarriersBulkcarriersareshipsdesignedtocarryspecificcommoditiesandaredifferentiatedintoliquidbulkanddrybulkvesselsTheyincludethelargestvesselsafloatGeneralcargoships

Generalcargoshipsarevesselsdesignedtocarrynon-bulkcargoes(break-bulkcargoes)Thetraditionalshipswerelessthan10000dwt(deadweightton)Morerecentlythesevesselshavebeenreplacedbycontainerships.Whyso?Rollon-rolloff(RORO)vessels

ROROvesselsaredesignedtoallowcars,trucksandtrainstobeloadeddirectlyonboardOriginallyappearingasferries,thesevesselsareusedondeep-seatradesandaremuchlargerthanthetypicalferryShippingServices

Charterservices(alsoknownasTramp).Inthisformofservice,amaritimecompanyrentsashipforaspecificpurpose,commonlybetweenspecificportsoforiginanddestinationCharterserviceisnotablyusedinthecaseofbulkcargoLinerservices.Lineroffershippingspace,ascommoncarriers,onshipsplayingalongfixedroutesonregularscheduleprincipallyengagedincarryinggeneralcargoinrelativelysmallshipmentsandlimitedvolumesTheDrawbacksofMaritimeShipping

Readthelastparagraphofthetextandfindoutwhatarethemaindrawbacksofmaritimeshipping?Answer:Itisslowcomparedwithothertransportmodesloadingandunloadingtakeslotsoftimeandcancausedelay

Notes:1.Itoftenrequirestheuseofspecializedshipssuchasoiltankersaswellasspecializedtransshipmentandstoragefacilities.這常常需要使用到專用船，比如油船或其他專用轉(zhuǎn)運設(shè)備和存儲設(shè)施。2.Beforecontainerization,economiesofscaleweredifficulttoachievewithbreak-bulkcargoastheloadingandunloadingprocesswasverylaborandtimeconsuming.在運輸集裝箱化之前，件雜貨運輸難以實現(xiàn)規(guī)模效應(yīng)，因為裝、卸過程要耗費大量的人力和時間。

3.Thelargesttankers,theUltraLargeCrudeCarriers(ULCC)areupto500000deadweighttons(dwt),withthemoretypicalsizebeingbetween250000and350000dwt最大的一種油輪——特大型油輪，最高能達到500000載重噸，一般在3000000到350000載重噸之間。4．Lineroffershippingspace,ascommoncarriers,onshipsplayingalongfixedroutesonregularschedule,principallyengagedincarryinggeneralcargoinrelativelysmallshipmentsandlimitedvolumes.

作為公共承運人，班輪公司安排船舶按固定的航線和固定的船期表提供運輸服務(wù)并提供貨位。5.However,technicalimprovementstendtoblurthedistinctionbetweenbulkandbreak-bulkcargo,asbothcanbeunitizedonpalletsandcontainers.

然而，技術(shù)的進步開始使散貨運輸和件雜貨物運輸之間的區(qū)別變得模糊，因為托盤和集裝箱在這兩類貨物的運輸上都可以應(yīng)用。Exercises:

PleasetranslatethefollowingEnglishsentencesintoChinese1.Roadtransportiswidelyusedintheinlanddeliveryofgoods.Itiscapableofprovidingadoortodoorservicewithoutanybreakinthejourneytochangefromonevehicletoanother.2.Thestrengthofwaterwaytransportdoesnotrestonitsspeed,butonitscapacityandcontinuityofitstraffic.3.Airtransporthasbeenincreasedtremendouslyandplaysamoreimportantroleingloballogisticsthaneverbefore.Althoughitstillaccountsforaverysmallpercentageofcargotransportation,itsgrowthrateinrecentyearsisthehighestamongthemodesof