反射面天線仿真

陣列天線仿真ArrayOverviewAnalysisApproachesUnitCellAnalysiswithMaster/SlaveBoundariesUnitCellSimplificationMaster/SlaveBoundariesUnitCellCreationVerifyingtheUnitCellGeometryFloquetPortsOverviewFloquetModeVisualizationFloquetPorts:DeterminingtheModestoIncludeModesCalculatorFloquetPortSetupFloquetPortSetupWhatiftheLatticeisTriangularFloquetPortSetupFloquetPortSetupFloquetPortSetupResults–MatrixDataResults:ReturnLoss/InsertionLossFiniteArrayAnalysisChallengesforLargeFiniteArrayModelingDomainDecompositionOverviewSolution:FiniteArrayDomain

DecompositionFiniteArrayDDMToolAdvantagesHowItWorks!!!HowItWorks!!!HowItWorks!!!HowItWorks!!!ProbeFedPatchArraywithFeedNetworkFinitePhasedArraySetupUsingDDMUnitcellisanalyzedtocreatemeshUnitcellmeshisthenreplicatedtoformremainingelementsinthearrayMutualCouplingDataActiveReturnLosswithPhaseTaperEmbeddedElementPatternsArrayPatternintheE-PlaneArrayhasnophaseshifttapersothebeamispointedtowardboresiteSidelobeLevelsare-10.86dBand-13.23dBintheE&HPlanes.ArrayPatternScannedto45ointheE-PlaneExplicitlySolvedPatchArrayvs.DDMComparison用CSTMicrowaveStudio仿真陣列天線OutlineAntennasimulationDifferentsolversfordifferentantennasAntennaarraysimulationSmallarraysFeednetworksLargearraysActiveelementpatternOnlinedemoAsmallselection...AntennaSimulationDifferentantennatypesrequiredifferentsolvertechnologies.TransientSolverFrequencySolverIntegralEquationSolver陣列天線仿真基本方法由單個天線計算天線陣；未考慮天線之間的耦合。由整體模型單獨激勵計算輻射場；計算涉及天線結構之間的影響。整體模型，同時激勵；同時涉及結構和激勵狀態(tài)的影響。計算模型單個天線的設置求解設置求解設置天線陣設置計算結果單獨計算用后處理疊加求解設置頻率設置與前面相同求解設置計算結果計算結果計算結果計算結果計算結果設置后處理計算結果直接計算方式模型、邊界條件和場觀察器等與前面的設置相同。求解設置計算結果計算結果AntennaArraysSmallArraysDistributedComputing(DC)

MultipleElementExcitationArrayFeedingNetworksLargeArraysInfiniteArrayInfiniteArrayFarfieldArrayInfiniteArrayActiveElementPatternFiniteArrayAnalysisCSTArrayWizardSummary用HFSS仿真陣列天線序言HFSS計算實際的陣列天線是基于陣列天線中的一個單元。對于模式驅動和端口驅動的設計，使用分布仿真過程。使你能夠快速定義、顯示和仿真陣列天線設計。設計步驟1.Drawtheunitcell,containingallappropriateboundariesandsourcedefinitions.2.Createtheantennaarray,includingname,dimensions,masterandslaveboundarieswhereneededforconformalmeshing,andselectionofrowandcolumnmaster/slavepairsforimplicitdefinitionoflatticepropagationvectors.Designatewhichcellsareactive,passive,andpadding.3.Setupthedistributedprocessorpool.DesignswitharraysrequireHPClicenses.4.ProvideamemorystatisticfortheamountofRAMguaranteedoneachDSOprocessor.CreatingaUnitCellforanArrayTheunitcellcanberectangular,parallelogramorhexagonal.Youmustdefineappropriatemasterandslaveboundaries,aswellasotherboundariesrequiredforthemodel.Deletingamasterorslaveboundarythatisreferencedbyanexistingarrayalsodeletesthearray.Typically,youdefinemasterandslaveboundariesasoppositesidesofacell.簡單陣列的單元電路Insuchcases,withmasterandslaveboundariesonoppositesides,thearraysidesalign.Inmakingsourcedefinitionsforunitcellfortheunitcell,youcannotassignaFloquetport.?

EachdrivenModalordrivenTerminaldesigncancontainasinglearray.復雜陣列設置However,youcanarrangemasterandslaveboundariestocreateanoffsetarray.Insuchcases,youcreatebothamasterandaslaveboundaryforcorrespondingsectionsofacellside,andassignmasterandslavetocreateoffsetalignment.Withallboundariesdefinedinthismanner,thearraycanbeoffset.CreateArrayCommandTheCreateArraycommandisenabledforModalandDrivenTerminalproblemsafteryouhaveassignedmasterandslaveboundariestoyourunitcellmodel.Youcanaccessthecommandinthreeways:clickHFSS>Model>CreateArray,right-clickontheModeliconintheProjecttreeandselectCreateArrayfromtheshortcutmenu,orselecttheunitcellinthemodelerwindow,andselectCreateArrayfromtheshort-cutmenu.ThisdisplaystheRegularPlanarArraydialogwhereyouspecifyparametersforNumberofCells,UnitCellPositionandLatticeVectors.CreateArrayCommandIfyouhaveVisibleenabled,youcanseeanychanges.ToDefineLatticeVectordirectionsforAandBVectors,specifythemasterboundary.Todefinethearraysize,fortheAandBvectors,specifythenumberofcellsforeachrowandcolumn,respectively.Forexample,thefollowingfigureshowstheresultswhentheinitialLatticeVectorsareswapped.tTocreateanirregulararray,selecttheActiveCellstab,selecttheradiobuttonforMousemakescellasPaddingCreateArrayCommandOnceyouhavespecifiedtheparameters,theArrayobjectappearsintheProjecttreeundertheModel.OnlyoneArrayispermittedforamodel.TheCreateArraycommandisdisabledifanarrayisdefined.ByselectingtheArrayiconintheProjecttree,youright-clickfortheshortcutmenu.CreateArrayCommandSelectingDeleteremovesthearrayfromtheModel.SelectingPropertiesdisplaystheRegularPlanarArraydialog.SelectingVisualizeArrayletsyoutogglethearraydisplay.Acheckmarkindicatesthatthearrayisbeingdisplayed.WiththeArrayiconintheProjecttreeselected,ifyouhaveadockedPropertieswindowdisplayed,youcanseeandeditArrayProperties.AlleditsareundoableandinformationalmessageswillbepostedtotheMessagewindowwhendesigndataisdeleted.

SetupandRunanArraySimulationThereisnochangeintheGUIforsettinguptheadaptivesimulationfordesignswithanarray.However,thesolutionquantitiesofthevirtualcellswillbeavailableforconvergencesetup(Inbothadaptiveandinterpolatingsweep).TherearenochangesinthewayconvergenceinformationispresentedontheConvergencetaboftheSolutionDisplaypanel.Ifyourdesigncontainsavirtualarray,thesetupcanhavesomedifferences.?

EnableSolverDomainsshouldnotbechecked(theseareUIdefineddomains,notsolverdefineddomains).?

Setupthedistributedprocessorpool.DesignswitharraysrequireHPClicenses.?

GeneralSetupforVirtualArraySimulationforMatrixConvergence,ifyouchooseSelectedEntries.?

InterpolatingSweepAdvancedOptionsforArraySimulation?

Fastsweepisnotsupported.SetupandRunanArraySimulationYoucanalsosetuptheexpressioncacheatsolvesetup.Theexpressioncacheinterfaceforaccessingarrayelementsisthesameasthoseusedinreportsetup.?

UsetheActiveCellstabontheRegularPlanarArraydialogtodesignatewhichcellsareactiveorpassiveforasimulation.YoucanmakeAllActive,AllPassiveorselectwhichcellsareactiveorpassive.Themoreactivecellsthereareforasimulation,themoreprocessingrequired.Bydefault,clickingthecorrespondingarrayelementstogglesthecurrentselection,YoucanalsochoosetheMousemakescellsettingtoclickforActiveorPassive,whicheverismostconvenient.Clickingonaroworcolumnnumberappliesthemouseclickcommandtoallcellsinthatroworcolumn.Draggingthecursorovercellsperformsthecurrentoperationonthem.SetupandRunanArraySimulationItisimportanttounderstandtheimpactofpassiveportsonantennaparameters.Foracceptedpowercalculations,passiveportsarenotincludedwhencomputingthetotalpowerpassingthroughtheunionofallportsurfaces.Thismeansthatthepassiveportscanbeviewedasalossmechanismforthedeviceanditisnotequivalenttoviewingthepassiveportsasactiveportswithzeroexcitations.?

ReportsetupforArrays.Thesolution/matrixquantitiesaregroupedbycategory.Theentriesineachcategoryarelistedaccordingtotheir[row,column]orderinthecorrespondingmatrix.Theentryin[row1,column1]willbelistedfirst,followedby[row1,column2],…[row1,columnN],[row2,column1],…[row2,columnN],…[rowN,columnN].Notethatthe[row,column]orderofeachentryinthematrixiscontrolledbythe'Matrix'orderasspecifiedbyuser.Theexisting"Filter"capabilitycanhelplocatethedesiredquantityfromthepotentiallyverylonglist.GeneralSetupforVirtualArraySimulation

ForaprojectwithanarraytheGeneralSetupsomedifferencesappearinhowyoucanspecifyMatrixconvergence.IfyouselectMatrixConvergence,andclickSetMagnitudeandPhase,youwillseetheMatrixconvergencedialog.IntheMatrixConvergencedialogue,ifforEntrySelectionyouchooseSelectedEntries,(ratherthanAllorDiagonal/OffDiagonal),youwillseescrollabledropdownmenusthatletyouselectfromallArrayelementstodefinepairsofMatrixentries.InterpolatingSweepAdvancedOptionsforArrays

ForanInterpolatingSweepAdvancedOptions,ifyouselectUseSelectedEntries,clickingtheSelectEntriesbuttondisplaysanInterpolationBasisConvergencedialogthatliststheArrayelements.NotethatthematrixentriesarelistedaccordingtotheMatrixSortOrderasspecifiedbyuser.EntrySelectioncanbeAll,Diagonal,orOff-Diagonal.ModeSelectioncanbeAll,DominantOnly,orHigher-OrderOnly.ArrayVisualizationYoucontrolthevisualizationofanarraybyselectinganexistingArrayintheProjecttreeandtogglingtheVisualizeArraycommandontheshort-cutmenu.Virtualobjectsinanarraydisplayaswireframes.Iftheallvirtualobjectsforanarraydonotappearintheviewmodelerwindow,performaView>FitAlloperation.Ifyouchangetheview,youcanalsouseCtrl-Dtofitthearrayintothecurrentview.YoucandisablethearrayvisualizationbyclickingontheVisualizeArrayoptionagain.AcheckmarkappearsinfrontofVisualizeArrayiftheoptionisalreadyON.Thisoptionwillalsobepresentingeneralactiveviewvisibilityoptions,View>ActiveViewVisibility.PostProcessingforArrayModelsSolutionquantitiesofbothphysicalandvirtualcellsareavailableforpost-processing.Radiationfields(nearandfar)postprocessingisoverthewholearray.Youcanplotandanimatefieldsonnon-modelcutplanes,vectors,andpoints,aswellasonselectedmodelobjectfaces.Anypaddingcellsinoraroundthearrayaretreatedasbackgroundmaterial.Youcanplotandanimatefieldsoncutplanes,vectors,andpoints.YoucanusetheFieldscalculatortodefinecalculatedexpressions.HFSScanalsopostprocessindividualcellsinanarrayoneatatime.Youcanselectanarbitrarycellanddofieldspostprocessingonthatcell.HFSSpostprocessesonasingleuserselectedcellinthearray.ForPortFieldDisplaythereisnoGUIchange.Onlyphysicalports/terminalswillbelisted.Thereisnoneedtosupportvisualizationofuser-selectedcell(likefieldoverlayplot)becausethefieldpatternsofthevirtualmodesarethesameasthoseinthephysicalcells.ReportsforArraysTherearesomedifferencesintheReportsetupforArrays.1.Thesolution/matrixquantitiesaregroupedbycategory.Theentriesineachcategoryarelistedaccordingtotheir[row,column]orderinthecorrespondingmatrix.Theentryin[row1,column1]willbelistedfirst,followedby[row1,column2],…[row1,columnN],[row2,column1],…[row2,columnN],…[rowN,columnN].Notethatthe[row,column]orderofeachentryinthematrixiscontrolledbythe'Matrix'orderasspecifiedbyuser.2.Theexisting"Filter"capabilitycanhelplocatethedesiredquantityfromthepotentiallyverylonglist.FieldPlotsforArraysYoucangeneratefieldplotsonobjectfaces,aswellasonnon-modelplanes,lines,andpoints.Theplotsdisplaycalculatedfieldswhereevertheselectedgeometryintersectsthearraycellsbasedonwhetherthecellsareactive,passive,orpaddinginthearrayproperties.Locationsdesignatedaspaddingaretreatedasbackgroundmaterialinfieldcalculations.Thevirtualcellsdonotneedtobevisibletoaffectthegeneratedfieldplots.

Youcanalsocreateanimationsoffieldplots.Iftheplottedgeometryiscontrolledbyasweptvariable(suchasplaneangleorapointlocation)theanimationdisplaysthecorrectvaluesw