期杜仕明寫作保分-h課前crack your grammar puzzles once and for all

CrackYourGrammarPuzzlesOnceAndFor5.5-66.5-7nativespeakers都ng-動(dòng)名詞形態(tài)(Todo)ItisTherebe---GotouniversityisveryimportanttoyoungGivechildrenmoneyhasmanyUsemobilephonesisvery convenientwaytocontactfriendsandfamilies.LivingwithparentssavesyoungpeoplesomuchWorkingathomeallowspeopleaflexible有和中文習(xí)慣產(chǎn)生太大。最大的問題在于：不習(xí)慣動(dòng)詞ing的名詞形式Y(jié)oungpeoplestudyaboardcangetmany中文翻譯：年輕人可以得到很多好處A:動(dòng)名詞版本—StudyingabroadbringsyoungadultsmanybenefitsB:人稱為主語(yǔ)—Youngadultswhostudyabroadcanbenefitalot.CItis版本---ItisbeneficialforyoungadultstostudyPeopledriveacartoworkcansavealotofA:動(dòng)名詞版本—DrivingtoworksavespeoplealotofB:人稱為主語(yǔ)—Peoplewhodrivetoworkcansavealotoftime.CItis版本---Itistime-savingtodrivetoByinvitinginternationalcompaniescanhelpapoorcountrytodevelopfaster.A:普通名詞做主語(yǔ)--Apoorcountrycandevelopfasterbyinvitinginternationalcompanies.B:被修飾的名詞做主語(yǔ)--Apoorcountrythatinvitesinternationalinvestmentcandevelopfaster.(非常高C:動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)--Invitinginternationalinvestmentcanhelpapoorcountrytodevelopfaster.Withthedevelopmentoftechnologybringspeoplealotofconvenienceineverydaylife.A:原句中的名詞—Thedevelopmentoftechnologybringspeoplealotofconvenienceineverydaylife.B:—Boostingthedevelopmentoftechnologycanbringalotofconveniencetopeople’s A:普通人稱作為主語(yǔ)—Insomecountriespeoplecanreceivefreeuniversityeducation.B:Therebe句型作為開始—Thereisfreeuniversityeducationinsomecountries.Nowadays,havemanypeopleworkat中文翻譯:101%的中文字面翻譯。最好的解決方法就是好好學(xué)習(xí)Therebe句型。A：Therearemanypeoplewhoworkat一是對(duì)動(dòng)詞詞性不了解；二是中文的習(xí)慣中沒有BeAgainstbeyondwithfrom這幾個(gè)詞是介詞而不缺少謂語(yǔ)(常見的情況是誤用介詞或者形容詞當(dāng)Somepeopleagainstsmokinginpublicagainst的詞性問題。如果它的就只是個(gè)動(dòng)詞，那就給它個(gè)Be動(dòng)詞吧！SomepeopleareagainstsmokinginpublicB:againstSomepeoplestandagainstsmokinginpublicSomefoodfromotherplaces,soitismoreexpensivethanlocalfood.A：Somefoodisfromotherplaces,soitismoreexpensivethanlocalfood.—沒有動(dòng)詞，但是好像語(yǔ)意里已經(jīng)有動(dòng)作含義了，那就給個(gè)Be動(dòng)詞吧。B:Somefoodistransportedfromotherplaces,soitismoreexpensivethanlocalfood.從中文改變，給它個(gè) 這句話里有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞：studygive，這就是問題的study用作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)的位置留給give就好了。StudyingathomegivesstudentsalotofMoreandmoreyoungadultschooselivewiththeir這句話幾乎沒有任何問題，但是出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞：chooselive。根據(jù)想表達(dá)的意思來看，這兩個(gè)詞都誰(shuí)是謂語(yǔ)，而另一個(gè)動(dòng)詞就以其他形式出現(xiàn)。Moreandmoreyoungadultschoosetolivewiththeir是動(dòng)詞，tolive是非謂語(yǔ)模式。你可以不管什A:The ernmentneedstothinkcarefullyaboutthespendingonart.B:ManyschoolsrequiretheirstudentstowearschoolC:Youngchildrenalwaysdesiretoexploretheworldaroundthem.Formaketheirdreamscometrue,alargenumberofyoungpeoplecomeintobigcities.這句話有三個(gè)動(dòng)詞：make，cometrue，come。很明comeintobigcities。逗號(hào)前的問題在于：很多同學(xué)不Inordertomaketheirdreamscometrue,alargenumberofyoungpeoplecomeintobigcities.請(qǐng)一定inorderto是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的連接動(dòng)詞表示目的的短語(yǔ)。A：Inordertoprotecttheenvironment,peopleshouldreduceuseofelectricity.B:Inordertokeepyoungchildrenfrompossibledangers,parentsneedtomakerulesforchildren.C:Inordertodrawchildrenawayfromevision,thereshouldbesomemoreinterestingactivities.(特殊的主Studentsmustwearschooluniformsgoto這句話的動(dòng)詞包括：wear，go.在這種情況下，go是wear的出現(xiàn)還是因?yàn)橹形牡淖諷tudentsmustgotoschoolinschool錯(cuò)：PeoplecanusecomputersreducetheirA對(duì)：Peoplecanreducetheirworkloadwiththeir錯(cuò)：Somecountriesdevelopnucleartechnologysolveenergycrisis.BSomecountriestrytosolveenergycrisisbydevelonuclearenergy.養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣使用byng來解釋和方法。Cernmentsshouldsendcriminalsgotoprison.C對(duì)：ernmentsshouldsendcriminalsintoprison.一定要寫出一個(gè)“去”的含義。但是，to這個(gè)介詞本的錯(cuò)誤：Inthepast,peoplewerewriteletterstocontactfriendsandfamilies.wereA:Inthepast,peoplewroteletterstocontactfriendsandfamilies.B:Inthepast,peoplecontactedfriendsandfamiliesbywritingletters.回憶一下by ng的優(yōu)秀用法。1：Thedevelopmentofnuclearenergyhelptosolveenergycrisis.1：Thedevelopmentofnuclearenergyhelpstosolveenergycrisis.2：Learningaforeignlanguagestimulatethebrainsoflearners.2：Learningaforeignlanguagestimulatesthebrainsoflearners.will的后面要 ingworseand正確1：Airquality eworseand2：Studentswillaremore2：Studentswillbemore接下來的章節(jié)專門討論，但是在這個(gè)例子中，will后 “我曾經(jīng)看過關(guān)于使用語(yǔ)態(tài)的一種評(píng)價(jià)：態(tài)“因此，我建議在寫作和口語(yǔ)的時(shí)候適量使用被說的兩個(gè)目的。關(guān)于語(yǔ)態(tài)的常見錯(cuò)誤如下：SomechildrenaresendtoaboardingsendSomechildrenaresenttoaboarding因此，請(qǐng)隨便抽點(diǎn)時(shí)間，熟悉一下各種特殊的Alotofmoneyspentonbe動(dòng)詞是英語(yǔ)中的很關(guān)鍵連接詞，很多時(shí)候沒有具體Alotofmoneyisspenton沒給done的形態(tài)都是作死的錯(cuò)誤。Studentsarebyschoolrequiredtowearuniformsoncampus.你覺得有多別扭。這句話修改為：Studentsarerequiredtowearuniformsoncampusbyschool.Fossilfuelswillareexhaustedinthenear時(shí)的語(yǔ)態(tài)出錯(cuò)了。解決的方法面已經(jīng)提過，只需要保證will的后面是動(dòng)詞。修改為：Fossilfuelswillbeexhaustedinthenear但是千萬別把exhausted還原到動(dòng)詞因?yàn)閣ill只會(huì)影響到它后面緊跟的那個(gè)在這里也就Be動(dòng)詞。 Must---必須Can能夠May也許Youngpeoplemusttoreceiveuniversity我們面已經(jīng)確定過了：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面只能緊跟著YoungpeoplemustreceiveuniversityThisproblemwillcanbesolvedifpeoplepaymoreattentiontoit.canwill并列的情況，這是完全不能接受的錯(cuò)誤。修改為：Thisproblemwillbesolvedifpeoplepaymoreattentiontoit.Thisproblemcanbesolvedifpeoplepaymoreattentiontoit.ManycitiesmaybelosetheirculturalMaybe和May是一組很容易被學(xué)生搞的同義詞，Maybe是個(gè)副詞，我勸大家只把它用在句子最開始就May修改以后：Many Bewillbe---將來主要的問題在于中文里沒有對(duì)應(yīng)Be動(dòng)詞概念，唯地方，Be動(dòng)詞是沒有被翻譯出來的。 里每句話都必須要有動(dòng)詞。因此，我們需要在這BeMostchildrenarecuriousabouttheirsurroundingBe動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)典型的中國(guó)學(xué)生字面翻譯錯(cuò)誤。個(gè)動(dòng)詞！沒有明顯的動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞，那就加上Be動(dòng) AirpollutionisaworldwideThedevelopmentoftheInternetisbeyondthewildestA:MoremoneyshouldbespentoneducationB:Inthepast,somechildrenwereeducatedatC:Ifthenumberofcarscontinuesgrowing,theairwillbefurtherpolluted. 請(qǐng)結(jié)合前面章節(jié)的語(yǔ)態(tài)解釋，來進(jìn)一步鞏固動(dòng)詞和之間的關(guān)系Be動(dòng)詞A錯(cuò)：Someyoungpeoplearecomefrompoorfamilies.A對(duì)：Someyoungpeoplecomefrompoorfamilies.B錯(cuò)：Moreandmorepeoplewillbeworkathome.B對(duì)：Moreandmorepeoplewillworkathome.will。但是動(dòng)詞是work，不需要的概念，Be動(dòng)詞完ThebookontheKnowledgeaboutPeoplewhoworkathomeArgumentinfavorofwearingschoolPositiveeffects es的影stressfulworking traditionalskillsarduousandrepetitivetasksvaluableexperience寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)brightjobprospects光明的工作前景adecentjob體面的工作sufficientfreetimemature/immatureminds成熟/不成頭petition/objection激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)/materialsuccess物質(zhì)上的成功spiritualsatisfaction/growth精神的滿足clear清晰的想法benign/viciouscycle良性/惡性循環(huán)graveproblems嚴(yán)重的問題sustainabledevelopment可持續(xù)的發(fā)展thegeneralpopulation大眾extravagantlifestyles奢華的生活方式ingviews不同的觀點(diǎn)workingparents需要上班的父母smokingparents抽煙的父母dyinglanguages正在的語(yǔ)言disappearingarts正在的藝術(shù)declininglevelofhealthexperiencedteachers有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師aworryingtrend令人擔(dān)心的趨勢(shì)fatteningfood讓人發(fā)胖的食物acontributingfactorfoodfromlocalfarms本地農(nóng)場(chǎng)的食物childrenfrompoorfamilies窮人家的孩子childrenwithalotoftoys有很多玩具的孩子countrieswithrichtourismresources有著豐富旅游relationshipbetweenmoneyandhappiness金錢和幸thegapbetweengenerationssbetweenlocalsandvisitorspeopleagainstanimaltesting動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)的人們parentsagainstgivingchildrenmoney給孩子錢theargumentinfavorofexploringtheuniverse支持parentsinfavorofhomeschoolingknowledgebeyondtextbooks教科書之外的知識(shí)technologybeyondpeople’simagination超出人們想Peoplewhoeatfastfoodasregularmeals把快餐當(dāng)Criminalswhocommitviolentcrimes犯了罪行ChildrenwholearnaforeignlanguageatanearlyCitiesthathavewonderfulculturalidentities擁有豐Countriesthatlackfarmingresources缺少農(nóng)業(yè)資源Themoneythatwasspentonfood被花在食物上的錢重點(diǎn)：這里所有的例子都只是一個(gè)名詞為的長(zhǎng)修Peoplewhoeatfastfoodasregularmealscansavealotoftime.經(jīng)常吃快餐的人能省很多時(shí)間。Criminalswhocommitviolentcrimesmustbesentintoprison.犯了罪行的罪犯必須被送進(jìn)Childrenwholearnaforeignlanguageatan authenticaccent.Citiesthathavewonderfulculturalidentitiesaremoreabletoattracttourists.擁有豐富文化特色的城市更能Countriesthatlackfarmingresourceshavetorelyonimportedfood.缺少農(nóng)業(yè)資源的國(guó)家不得不依賴進(jìn)口Themoneythatwasspentonfoodaccountedforthelargestproportionoffamilyexpenditure.被花在食第四章：和錯(cuò)誤比較和語(yǔ)法的使用完全是考生應(yīng)該在每篇作文Today,people ingmoreandmore這句話的錯(cuò)誤是最典型的形容詞變形問題。一般情況下，形容詞+er=更……/形容詞+est=最…….Today,peopleare inglazierandlazier.Moreimportant更重要Moredifficult更Moreexpensive更昂貴Moreaffordable更買得起Morereliable更可靠Moreinteresting更有趣Moreattractive更吸引人Morereasonable更合理MoreindependentRobotsthanhumanworkershavehigherworking如果你認(rèn)為這句話是正確的話，你可以去死一萬次thanhumanworkers放到了主語(yǔ)后面。RobotshavehigherworkingefficiencythanhumanNuclearenergymoreefficientthanfossil 約定的原則每句話都有應(yīng)該有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或者Be動(dòng)詞。修改為：Nuclearenergyismoreefficientthanfossilfuels.所以請(qǐng)一定要培養(yǎng)自己細(xì)心細(xì)節(jié)的氣質(zhì)，會(huì)很個(gè)典型錯(cuò)誤：ThecostoffoodtwotimesmorethanA:沒有動(dòng)詞---B:倍數(shù)表示不對(duì)---twiceC:比較對(duì)象不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)---cost，比較的也應(yīng)該是:ThecostoffoodistwiceasmuchasthatofReadingisoneofmostpopulardailyactivitiesformanypeople.the這個(gè)定冠詞。這句話修Readingisoneofthemostpopulardailyactivitiesformanypeople.A: A:B:C:D:可數(shù)名詞的判斷基本上要靠背誦的方法，別期待Studentshouldobeyruleatstudentrule都是可Studentsshouldobeyrulesatschool.Moreandmorepeopleuse sandtextmessagestostayintouchwiththeirfriends.越來越Booksarereallyimportantforpeoplewhohavegreatcuriosityfortheworld.書籍對(duì)于那些有著好奇分析：在這句話Books是可數(shù)名詞，表達(dá)的是書籍這種東西所以用了復(fù)數(shù)形curiosity(好奇心)是不Studentswhoareworkingonanessayneedtospendsometimeinthelibrary.忙著寫的學(xué)生需Students在這里想表達(dá)的是這一類學(xué)生，所以用了復(fù)數(shù)；anessay想表達(dá)的是學(xué)生忙于一份，所以用time是不可數(shù)名詞，所以就算加上some也不用給它加上s復(fù)數(shù)；最后，library雖然是可數(shù)名詞，但是這大部分情況下每個(gè)學(xué)校有一個(gè)館，所以就用theAs/es的復(fù)數(shù)—用來表示一個(gè)類別/B:the+單數(shù)—Ca/an單數(shù)—A:the+—用來表示特制的東 —用來表示一個(gè)類AlargenumberofyoungadultsManypeopleAnumberofadvantages好幾個(gè)優(yōu)點(diǎn)Numerousoccasions諸多場(chǎng)合Afewquestions幾個(gè)問題Alargeamountoftime大量的時(shí)間So/toomuchmoney太多的錢Alittletime/money一點(diǎn)錢/時(shí)間Alotofpeople/time很多人/Plentyofideas/information大量的想法/Aconsiderableproportionofoldpeople/money大部Yongchildrenhavegreatcuriosityformanythings,forexample,electricfans,lightersor給出這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的例子主要是想讓大家能分清forexamplesuchas在舉例表達(dá)用法上的區(qū)別：Forexample,這后面必須是個(gè)完整的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，不能Yongchildrenhavegreatcuriosityformanythings,suchaselectricfans,lightersorscissors.Thelackofself-controlTheexcessiveconsumptionofenergy能源的過度消ThelossofculturalidentitiesThepursuitofaqualitylifeTheincreaseinthenumberofinternationalThedeclineinthebirthrateEarlyexposuretothestudyofaforeignlanguage對(duì)Thechoicetolivetheirparents和父母一起生活的這現(xiàn)一個(gè)只有6歲智商的年輕人形象！6.1面的章節(jié)里我們已經(jīng)討論過了名詞被修飾的情況。其中法就是使用定語(yǔ)從句來修飾名詞。在主語(yǔ)的后面修飾—這是定語(yǔ)從句的主要使用形主語(yǔ)(定語(yǔ)從句+賓語(yǔ)(如果有的話Peoplewhoeatfastfoodasregularmealscansavealotoftime.經(jīng)常吃快餐的人能省很多時(shí)間。Criminalswhocommitviolentcrimesmustbesentintoprison.犯了罪行的罪犯必須被送進(jìn)ChildrenwholearnaforeignlanguageatanearlyagegraspabetterpronunciationandmoreauthenticCitiesthathavewonderfulculturalidentitiesaremoreabletoattracttourists.擁有豐富文化特色的城市更能Countriesthatlackfarmingresourceshavetorelyonimportedfood.缺少農(nóng)業(yè)資源的國(guó)家不得不依賴進(jìn)口Themoneythatwasspentonfoodaccountedforthelargestproportionoffamilyexpenditure.被花在食物++賓語(yǔ)(定語(yǔ)從句Someparentsregularlygivetheirchildrenmoneythattheycanspendastheywant.一些家長(zhǎng)會(huì)規(guī)律地給孩Apubliclibraryisanimportantfacilitythatgivesreadersalotofbooksandaquietatmosphere.公共圖Somepeoplesuggestthat ernmentshouldbanextremesportsthatmaycausesevereinjuriesandevendeathtoparticipants. 有人建議應(yīng)該極限運(yùn)動(dòng)，這些運(yùn)動(dòng)可能造成嚴(yán)重受傷甚至是參與者的。主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)(如果有的話 which，之后的動(dòng)詞很容易養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣。先看如Mostyoungadultsaredreamersofbuyingexpensiveproductsandhavingvacationsabroad,whichiswhytheyhaveahighexpectationfromtheirfirstjob.大部Wearenowlivinginaknowledge-basedworldwhichmeansthatpeoplewithspecificknowledgearemorelikelytogetajob.我們?nèi)缃褚粋€(gè)以知識(shí)為基礎(chǔ)重點(diǎn):這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)于寫長(zhǎng)句來說有莫大的幫助。一是最常見錯(cuò)誤：Peoplewholivinginlargecitiesareundertremendouspressurefromlifeandwork.1：Peoplewholiveinlargecitiesareundertremendouspressurefromlifeandwork.如果你想用正確版本2：Peoplelivinginlargecitiesareundertremendouspressurefromlifeandwork.分詞修飾名了分詞ng/done的形態(tài)，那你就必須放棄連詞和be動(dòng)詞。錯(cuò)誤版本：Themoneyisspentonfoodaccountsforthelargestproportionoffamilyexpense.這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的發(fā)生主要是因?yàn)槟銢]有money后用簡(jiǎn)單版本的分詞短語(yǔ)(一定是沒有be動(dòng)詞的)正確版本1：ThemoneywhichisspentonfoodaccountsforthelargestproportionofThelargestproportionoffamilyexpense.---過去分詞版本最常見錯(cuò)誤：Studentswhofrompoorfamiliesshouldbefinanciallyhelpedbytheschooland 正確版本1：Studentswhocomefrompoorfamilies ernment.如果你想用定語(yǔ)從句的話，一定保證從2：Studentsfrompoorfamiliesshouldbefinanciallyhelpedbytheschoolandernment.另一students，換成最簡(jiǎn)單的介詞短語(yǔ)修飾方法就可以了，這面已經(jīng)有過因?yàn)樾揎椫髡Z(yǔ)而導(dǎo)致的主語(yǔ)情canhavemorechancetobroadentheirhorizons.這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的原因主要是因?yàn)橹形膽T性。Studentsstudents。但是你必須記住，主語(yǔ)(名詞修飾)的后面必須馬上出現(xiàn)合正確版本：Studentswhostudyaforeignlanguagecanhavemorechancetobroadentheirhorizo