電子商務(wù)英語unit02

電子商務(wù)英語課件制作人：張海波Objective8PassageA@ActivitiesOnPassageA@BasicE-commerceWriting&RelatedReading8PassageB@ActivitiesOnPassageB:Workonline

ContentsUnit2學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)Objective:Inthisunit,youwilllearn:TheimpactcausedbyelectroniccommerceonsocietyTheimpactcausedbyelectroniccommerceonindividualsandbusinessTheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofelectroniccommerceBasicE-commerceEnglishWriting

Focus:Toviewtheelectroniccommercefromdifferentperspectives.

Nodus:Theprofoundimpactofinternetonhumansociety

TheSocialEffectCausedByElectronicCommercePassageATheimpactofelectroniccommercewillbepervasive,bothoncompaniesandonsocietyasawhole.

Forthosecompaniesthatfullyexploitit'spotential,electroniccommerceoffersthepossibilityofbreakpointchanges—changesthatsoradicallyaltercustomerexpectationsthattheyre-definethemarketorcreateentirelynewmarkets.Allothercompanies,includingthosethattrytoignorethenewtechnologies,willthenbeimpactedbythesechangesinmarketsandcustomerexpectations.Equally,individualmembersofsocietywillbepresentedwithentirelynewwaysofpurchasinggoods,accessinginformationandservices,andinteractingwithbranchesofgovernment.Choicewillbegreatlyextended,andrestrictionsofgeographyandtimeeliminated.Theoverallimpactonlifestylecouldwellbecomparableto,say,thatofthegrowthincarownershiporthespreadofthetelephone.對于公司和社會整體而言，電子商務(wù)的影響將是全方位的?！锝樵~短語asawhole意思是“作為一個整體;整個看來”。例如：Isthistruejustinthiscountry,orintheworldasawhole?123對于那些能充分挖掘其潛能的企業(yè)來說，電子商務(wù)使其實現(xiàn)突破性變化成為可能。這些突破性變化使顧客的觀念發(fā)生了重大的改變，因此他們不是將市場進(jìn)行重新定位，就是去開辟全新的市場?！镌摼涞闹髡Z是electroniccommerce；謂語動是offers；名詞短語thepossibilityofbreakpointchanges是賓語；破折號后面的內(nèi)容是對breakpointchanges作進(jìn)一步說明。

電子商務(wù)對于人類生活方式的總體影響，完全可以與汽車擁有增長幅度和普及電話相提并論。?！?/p>

thatofthegrowthincarownershiporthespreadofthetelephone是介詞to的賓語；that指代impact；say是插入語，意為“比如（說）”。

參考譯文注釋與翻譯板第二頁PassageATheimpactofelectroniccommercewillbepervasive,bothoncompaniesandonsocietyasawhole.

Forthosecompaniesthatfullyexploitit'spotential,electroniccommerceoffersthepossibilityofbreakpointchanges—changesthatsoradicallyaltercustomerexpectationsthattheyre-definethemarketorcreateentirelynewmarkets.Allothercompanies,includingthosethattrytoignorethenewtechnologies,willthenbeimpactedbythesechangesinmarketsandcustomerexpectations.Equally,individualmembersofsocietywillbepresentedwithentirelynewwaysofpurchasinggoods,accessinginformationandservices,andinteractingwithbranchesofgovernment.Choicewillbegreatlyextended,andrestrictionsofgeographyandtimeeliminated.Theoverallimpactonlifestylecouldwellbecomparableto,say,thatofthegrowthincarownershiporthespreadofthetelephone.對于公司和社會整體而言，電子商務(wù)的影響將是全方位的?！锝樵~短語asawhole意思是“作為一個整體;整個看來”。例如：Isthistruejustinthiscountry,orintheworldasawhole?123對于那些能充分挖掘其潛能的企業(yè)來說，電子商務(wù)使其實現(xiàn)突破性變化成為可能。這些突破性變化使顧客的觀念發(fā)生了重大的改變，因此他們不是將市場進(jìn)行重新定位，就是去開辟全新的市場。★該句的主語是electroniccommerce；謂語動是offers；名詞短語thepossibilityofbreakpointchanges是賓語；破折號后面的內(nèi)容是對breakpointchanges作進(jìn)一步說明。

電子商務(wù)對于人類生活方式的總體影響，完全可以與汽車擁有增長幅度和普及電話相提并論。?！?/p>

thatofthegrowthincarownershiporthespreadofthetelephone是介詞to的賓語；that指代impact；say是插入語，意為“比如（說）”。

參考譯文注釋與翻譯板PassageA課文學(xué)習(xí)完畢Besides,thereisawidespreadperceptionthatelectroniccommercewillhaveanegativeeffectonexistingemployment,particularlyinbusinesses,whichareunpreparedforitschallenges.Thegreatestthreatisperceivedtobetoemploymentinretailintermediaries,astechnologyallowsproducerstodealmoredirectlywithcustomers.Particularproblemsareseenaslikelyforsmallandmedium-sizedcompanies,whichhavelesscapacityforlogisticalinvestmentandinnovation,astheycannotbenefitfromeconomiesofscaleinthewaythatlargercompaniescan.understanding;belief不定式tobetoemploymentinretailintermediaries是主語不足語;as是連詞,引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句.注釋與翻譯板@ActivitiesOnPassageA2.3.1CriticalthinkingHowdoeselectroniccommerceprovideuswithmoreoptionsthaneverbefore?

2)Iselectroniccommercestillinitsinfancy?

3)CouldyouimaginealifewithoutaccesstotheInternet?

4)Howdoyouexpectfromelectroniccommerce?

5)Doyouwanttoownashopontheinternet?Ifso,how?

GivetheChineseequivalentsofthefollowingwordsorexpressions:2.3.2Translationpractice個人消費者顧客期望整體而言

方便

重新定位（定義）生活方式

潛力、潛能

開發(fā);利用創(chuàng)造

選擇1)individualconsumer2)customerexpectation3)asawhole4)convenience5)re-define6)lifestyle7)potential8)exploit9)create10)optionGivetheEnglishequivalentsofthefollowingwordsorexpressions:2.3.2Translationpractice

ownershipoverallimpactreal-timestockdataeliminaterestrictionlimitlesscomparablepossibilityinformationtechnologyignoreaccelerate1)所有權(quán)2)總體影響3)實時股票數(shù)據(jù)4)去除限制5)無限制的6)可比較的7)可能性8)IT信息技術(shù)9)忽略10)加速SentencetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

2.3.2Translationpractice1)Theconveniencesaffordedbyelectroniccommerceislimitless.電子商務(wù)提供的便利是無止境的。2)Morethan100countriesarelinkedintoexchangesofdata,newsandopinions.超過100個國家已經(jīng)接入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，交換資料，新聞和言論。

3)Intraditionalbusiness,buyersandsupplierssearchforeachotherthroughadvertising,tradeshows,brokers,anddealers.在傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易中，買方和賣方會通過廣告，貿(mào)易展會，代理商和中間商來尋找對方。

SentencetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese:

2.3.2Translationpractice4)Electroniccommercewillleadtoadifferenceinthewayweliveourlivesandaccomplishourday-to-daywork.

電子商務(wù)將會改變我們?nèi)粘Ｉ詈凸ぷ鞯姆绞健?/p>

5)Electroniccommerceopensupnewavenuesforthemarketingoftraditionalgoodsandservicesdirectlytoconsumers.電子商務(wù)為傳統(tǒng)商品和服務(wù)的市場開拓提供了全新的渠道。

SentencetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish.2.3.2Translationpractice1)對許多人來說，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全是他們主要關(guān)心的問題。(amajorconcern)

Tomany,theInternetsecurityissueisamajorconcern.2)電子商品目錄用于展示商品圖片，這可使全世界的網(wǎng)絡(luò)用戶選擇并訂購書籍、酒類及其它產(chǎn)品。(beusedtodisplay;selectandorder)On-linecatalogsisusedtodisplayimagesofgoods,whichpermitWebusersaroundtheworldtoselectandorderbooks,wine,andotherproducts.(beusedtodisplay;selectandorder)3)選擇的范圍將更大，時間和空間的限制將被解除。(restriction….eliminated)Choicewillbegreatlyextended,andrestrictionsofgeographyandtimeeliminated.SentencetranslationfromChinesetoEnglish

2.3.2TranslationpracticeEnd4)隨著EDI的成熟和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)及萬維網(wǎng)的飛速發(fā)展，電子商務(wù)正加速發(fā)展。(withmaturing…accelerating)WiththematuringofEDIandtherapidgrowthofInternetandtheWorldWideWeb,electroniccommerceisaccelerating.5)域名是在電子商務(wù)中另一個需要考慮的重要問題。(issuetoconsider)

DomainNamesareanotherimportantissuetoconsiderinelectroniccommerce.注釋與翻譯板DistinguishingFeaturesofE-Commerce

PassageB

經(jīng)過生產(chǎn)商、批發(fā)商、分銷商、零售商到消費者的層層加價，使得消費者購買商品時的成本增加了?！锎颂幟~markup意思“漲價,漲價幅度”，是句子的主語。that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句,修飾主語。E-commerceofferscustomersthechancetoeliminatemanystagesinthesales/distributionchain.Themarkupsthatoccurbetweenmanufacturers,wholesalers,distributors,retailersandconsumerscanaddthecostofgoodspurchasedbyconsumers.Incontrast,whenconsumersdealdirectlywithmanufacturersontheInternet,theprocesswherebyintermediariesbetweenthemanufacturerandthefinalconsumerareeliminatedfromthesupplychainisknownas"disintermediation".與之形成對比的是，當(dāng)消費者通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與生產(chǎn)商直接交易時，供應(yīng)鏈中的中間商將被排除在外，這個過程被稱為“非中介化”?！锝樵~短語incontrast常用來表對比，意思是“相反,大不相同”;whereby

通常用作副詞,相當(dāng)于therefor/thus/nevertheless,但此處則用作連詞,相當(dāng)于byorthroughwhich,意為:通過…，借以…12參考譯文第二頁PassageBE-commercediffersfrommailorderandtelephonesolicitation,thetwomosttraditionalformsofbusinessusingremotesellers,becausetheseinvolvethedeliveryofgoodsbycommoncarriertoandfromaspecificphysicallocation.Inshort,thereisstillaphysicaldeliveryofpropertyfromanidentifiablesellertoanidentifiablebuyer.E-commercepresentsanunprecedentedchallengetofederalandstatetaxauthorities.Statesandlocaljurisdictionshavewrestledwiththeissueofcollectingtaxesfromout-of-state-mail-ordersellersandtelephonesolicitorsfordecades;e-commerceenablesalmostanybusinesslargeorsmalltoselltocustomersindifferentstatesandcountries.1幾十年來，美國聯(lián)邦政府和地方執(zhí)法部門一直受到向國外郵購銷售者及電話推銷者征稅的問題困擾?！锞W(wǎng)絡(luò)的根本特點在于它的互聯(lián)性。網(wǎng)絡(luò)的各個終端(用戶)分布于世界各地，極為分散，但它們相互之間又是連通的。而且，這種連通不僅是單向或雙向的而是呈多方向的網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)。網(wǎng)絡(luò)的管理在很大程序上依賴于網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)商(包括lSP和ICP)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)商本身是一個非政府機構(gòu)，而且數(shù)量眾多。因此，網(wǎng)絡(luò)上交易活動受政府監(jiān)管的可能性大大降低了。網(wǎng)絡(luò)社會的虛擬特征，使網(wǎng)上交易者的身份、交易場所、交易權(quán)限、交易流程均呈虛擬化、數(shù)字化狀態(tài)。網(wǎng)上交易一旦產(chǎn)生糾紛，這就為建立在物化形態(tài)上的司法管轄帶來很大的難度。

Havingnopreviousexample史無前例注釋與翻譯板參考譯文PassageB課文學(xué)習(xí)完畢

★注意動詞levy的基本用法：用作及物動詞:.征收(稅等);強索[(+on/upon)]Thegovernmentleviestaxesfornationalexpenses.政府為國家的開支而征稅。用作不及物動詞vi.征稅；【律】扣押[(+on/upon)]Theyleviedonhispropertyforunpaidrent.他們因他未付租金而扣押了他的財產(chǎn)。用作名詞：征稅,派款;征收額；召集;征集;募集;征募兵額銷售稅之所以難以征收，是因為買方可以利用電子商務(wù)直接訪問賣方的計算機，從而購置物業(yè)，商品或服務(wù)。Out-of-statevendorsengagedine-commercedonothaveanobligationtocollectsalestaxesiftraditionalremotesellers,suchasmail-orderandtelephonesolicitationvendors,donotcollectsalestaxes.Salestaxcannotbeleviedonatransactionjustbecausethepurchaserusese-commercetoaccesstheseller'scomputertoacquireproperty,goodsorservice.Also,statescannotusean"agencynexus"theorytoclaimthatapurchaser'sISPisanin-stateagentfortheseller.1電話詢價供應(yīng)商代理中心注釋與翻譯板參考譯文2.6.1Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsare(T)orfalse(F)2.6Activities@ActivitiesOnPassageB1Mailorderandtelephonesolicitationarethetwomosttraditionalformsofbusinessusingremotesellers.2“Disintermediation”meanstoeliminatetheintermediariesfromthesupplychainbetweenmanufacturerandfinalconsumer.3E-commercepresentsangreatchallengetofederalandstatetaxauthorities.4E-commercewilllowerthecostforthefinalconsumers.5Statesandlocaljurisdictionscannowcollecttaxesfromout-of-state-mail-ordersellersandtelephonesolicitors.TTTTF2.6.2MatchtheEnglishontherightwithChineseontheleftEnd1telephonesolicitationA互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供商2unprecedentedchallengeB生產(chǎn)商3obligationC電話營銷4manufacturerD義務(wù)5ISPE前所未有的挑戰(zhàn)StructureofACommerceLetter

@BasicE-commerceWritingMostletterscommonlyincludethefollowingnineparts,makesureyouincludethenecessarypartsinaclear,correctandprofessionalmanner.4Aletterheading(信頭)4Adateline

（日期）

4Aninsideaddress

（封內(nèi)地址）

4Asalutation

（稱呼）

4Abody

（正文）

4Acomplimentaryclose（信尾敬語）

4Asignature

（簽名）

4Attentionline(經(jīng)辦人姓名)4Subjectlines(事由或標(biāo)題)Theheadingofaletteristheaddressofthesender.Theheadingcontainsanaddress,aphonenumber,faxnumber,anemailaddressetc.Oftenheadingsaresetupusingaspecificcompanylogo.Inthesecases,theheadingmayalsoincludethecompanyname.Forexample:

BusinessMachineCo.,Ltd.1234SouthMainStreetAnyTown,AK,12345Telephone:(999)555-5555Fax:(999)555-5550emailus@2.7.2ADateLine（日期）Thedateshouldalwaysbetypedinfullandnotabbreviated.Youcanorderthedatelineasfollows:month(spelledouttoavoidconfusion),dayandyear.Forexample:February28th,20012.7.1Letterheading(信頭)2.7.3InsideAddress（封內(nèi)地址）Thisistheaddressyouaresendingyourletterto.Makeitascompleteaspossible.Itconsistsofthefollowing,inorder:therecipient'sname,position,organizationandbusinessaddress.Itshouldcontainthesameinformationthatwillbeusedontheenvelope.Thisisalwaysontheleftmargin.Skipalineaftertheheadingbeforetheinsideaddress.Skipanotherlineaftertheinsideaddressbeforethegreeting.

Example:Dr.CalvinCarson

CrossCountryCoach

Dept.ofAthletics

ColoradoCommunityCollegeatCrippleCreek

CrippleCreekCO80678

2.7.4Salutation（稱呼）Thesalutationistheletter'sgreeting.Itistypedtwolinesdown,flushwiththeleftmargin.

Itistheintroductoryphrase,“Dear[nameofrecipient].”Eitheracommaoracoloncanbeusedattheendofthisphrase.Thefollowingchartlistsappropriatesalutationsforvarioussituations.Ifyouwanttosendaformletterorifyoucan’tfindaspecificname,youmaychooseonesuchas:4DearCommitteeMember:4DearMeetingPlanner:4DearColleagues:4ToAllSalesReps:4ToWhomItMayConcern:4DearSirorMadam:4DearMadamorSir:4DearPurchasingAgent:

Ifyourletterisaddressedtoacompany,thepropersalutationis:

4GentlemenorLadies:4LadiesorGentlemen:Ifyourletterisaddressedtoanorganizationofonlywomenoronlymen,use:

4DearSirs:4DearLadies:4DearMesdames:4Gentlemen:4Ladies:Ifyoudonotknowthegenderofthepersontowhomyou’rewriting,useoneofthefollowing:

4DearKimKrause:4DearK.Krause:Afterformalsalutations,useacolon.Afterinformalsalutations,useacomma.WhetheryouusethefirstorlastnameandwhetheryoudroptheDearmakesyourlettereithermoreorlessformal:

4DearMr.Jones:

(mostformal)4DearJoan:4DearJim,4Jim,

(veryinformal)2.7.5BodyoftheLetter（正文）Thebodyoftheletter,orthemessage,containsyourmessage,whichbeginstwolinesbeneaththegreeting.Usuallythebodyparagraphsshouldbesinglespacedwithtwospacesbetweeneachparagraph.Thebodytextusuallyincludes:Abriefintroductorysectiongenerallyfivelinesorfewerthatidentifiesyou,yoursubjectandyourpurpose;(2)Oneormorebodyparagraphsthatcontainthedetailsofyourmessage;(3)Aconclusionthatsumsupthecontentsandencouragesaction.End

Forexample:Ourcompanyhasdevelopedanewrangeofsweetpiefillings.Theyaremadefrompurefruit,containnoartificialflavors,coloringsandpreservatives,andaresugarandfatfree.

Iamenclosingfurtherinformationandapricelist.Ifyouareinterestedinafreesampleandademonstrationofourproducts,donothesitatetocontactus.

2.7.6ComplimentaryClosing（信尾敬語）Thecomplimentaryclosingisthepartofabusinessletterinwhichyouwriteyourclosingsuchas"Sincerely”,”Cordially"or"Respectfully".Keepyourcomplimentarycloseprofessional.Furthermore,manybusinessletterwritersliketoaddatransitionphrasetolinkthebodytotheend,forexample:

Bestwishes,

kindestregards,Withkindestpersonalregards,

Bestregards,

Cordially,

Onceagainmanythanks

Bestwishesforyourfuture,Ilookforwardtoseeingyousoon,Whenyouwritethecomplimentaryclosing,youshouldfollowtheguidelines:4Placetheclosingtwolinespacesbelowthelastlineoftext4Chooseaclosingthatparallelsthelevelofformalityusedinyoursalutation.

4Intwowordclosingssuchas"Sincerelyyours",and"Yourstruly",capitalizethefirstwordonly.

4Placeacommaafterthecomplementaryclosing.(ExceptFullBlockFormat)2.7.7Signature（簽名）Signthenameinthespacebetweenthecloseandthesignatureline,startingattheleftedgeofthesignatureline,andusuallythenameofsignerisfollowedbyhisjobtitleorposition.

Forexample:Sincerely,(Signaturegoeshere)(Mrs.)ElisabethBell

DirectorofAcquisitionsWhenyoucannotaddressabusinesslettertoaparticularperson,useanattentionline，thatmeansyouhopetheletterisledtoaparticularpersonordepartmentwhentheletterisaddressedtoacompany.E.G.,DepartmentofJournalism,

ColoradoStateUniversity

ClarkC223FortCollins,CO80526Attention:HumanResourceManager

2.7.9Subjectlines(事由或標(biāo)題)Subjectlinesshouldconveysomethingimportant,timelyorvaluable,itisapartofthebodyofabusinessletter,anditisplacedbelowthesalutation.E.G.,DearSirorMadam,SUBJECT:WebDesignConferenceinNorway2.7.8Attentionline(經(jīng)辦人姓名)SampleAStandardBusinessLetterSynergyEnergyInc.1222WestPointDriveRadford,Virginia24141633-3544May1020XXWatersPowerCompany15740NorthTreePassBlacksburg,Virginia24041Attention:Mr.BillSimpson,ProjectEngineeringManagerSubject:Project#663-87999DearMr.BillSimpsonWearepleasedtosubmit"AProposalfortheRiverfrontEnergyConservationProject"inresponsetoyourrequestofFebruary12,2001.Thedamdescribedintheattachedproposalusesthemostadvanceddesignandmaterials.Ofparticularinterestisthestate-of-the-artlandscapingtechniquesusedtobetterincorporatethedamintotheexistingenvironment.Asyouknow,overallappearanceofthesolutionisacrucialissueforeveryoneinvolvedinthisproject.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasedonothesitatetocallus.YourstrulySarahStevensSarahStevensProjectManagerEnclosures:2

1)Whichofthefollowingisavalidlyformatteddate?A.Feb.28th,2001B.28thFebruary,2001C.February28th,01D.February28th,20012)Whichofthefollowingisavalidlyformattedinsideaddress?A.Mr.PatMcCann,PersonnelDirectorABCInc.12PennyLaneBlacksburg,VA24060B.Mr.PatMcCann-PersonnelDirectorABCInc.12PennyLaneBlacksburg,VA24060C.PatMcCann,PersonnelDirectorABCInc.12PennyLaneBlacksburg,VA24060D.Mr.PatMcCann,PersonnelDirectorABCInc.12PennyLaneBlacksburg,VA3)Whichofthefollowingarevalidandappropriateclosings?A.CordiallyB.Yourobedientservant,C.IcandonothingbutkneelinaweofyourpresenceD.Yourssincerely,2.7.10WritingPracticeInternetExplorer6Overview&RelatedReadingInternetExplorer6isthesetofcoreWebbrowsingtechnologiesinWindowsXP.These