選修語(yǔ)法PPT學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1 選修語(yǔ)法選修語(yǔ)法 語(yǔ)法精講語(yǔ)法精講( (一一) ) 同位語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)the Appositive 同位語(yǔ)是句子成分的一種同位語(yǔ)是句子成分的一種, 它位于它位于 名詞、代詞后面名詞、代詞后面, 說明它們的性質(zhì)說明它們的性質(zhì) 和情況和情況, 它可以由名詞、代詞、名它可以由名詞、代詞、名 詞性短語(yǔ)或從句充當(dāng)。詞性短語(yǔ)或從句充當(dāng)。 第1頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 同位語(yǔ)的表現(xiàn)形式有以下幾種：同位語(yǔ)的表現(xiàn)形式有以下幾種： (1) 名詞名詞 Tom, our monitor, is a handsome boy. (2) 代詞代詞 I myself will do the experiment. (3) 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞

2、 She is the oldest among them six. 第2頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 第3頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句the Appositive clause (1) 同位語(yǔ)從句的定義同位語(yǔ)從句的定義 在復(fù)合句中用作在復(fù)合句中用作同位語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)的從句稱為的從句稱為 同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性從句同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句是名詞性從句 的一種。它在句中起同位語(yǔ)的作用。的一種。它在句中起同位語(yǔ)的作用。 語(yǔ)法精解語(yǔ)法精解( (二二) ) 第4頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 它一般放在它一般放在fact, news, idea, truth , hope , problem, information, beli

3、ef, thought, doubt, promise, question 等名等名 詞的后面詞的后面, 對(duì)前面的名詞作進(jìn)一步的解對(duì)前面的名詞作進(jìn)一步的解 釋釋, 說明前面名詞的具體含義說明前面名詞的具體含義。引導(dǎo)同。引導(dǎo)同 位語(yǔ)從句的詞有連詞位語(yǔ)從句的詞有連詞that, 連接副詞，連接副詞， 連接代詞連接代詞how, when, where, whether, what等。等。 第5頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 同位語(yǔ)從句的表現(xiàn)形式同位語(yǔ)從句的表現(xiàn)形式: 由由that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) The fact that you havent enough time to do the work is unbelievabl

4、e. The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true. 第6頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 由由whether引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed. 由由when引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) I have no idea when they will go. 第7頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 有時(shí)可用有時(shí)可用 namely (即即), that is to say (也就是說也就是說), in other words (換句話

5、說換句話說), that is (那就是那就是), for example 等引出同位語(yǔ)等引出同位語(yǔ), 說明其說明其 前面的名詞或代詞。有時(shí)同位前面的名詞或代詞。有時(shí)同位 語(yǔ)直接跟在名詞或代詞的后面語(yǔ)直接跟在名詞或代詞的后面 。 第8頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) He told us the good news, namely, the museum is open to all. There is only one way of improving your English , that is , to practice more. Altogether Dolly had lived for six ye

6、ars, half the length of the life of the original sheep. 第9頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 同位語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)被別的詞把它同位語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)被別的詞把它 和名詞隔開：和名詞隔開： 注意注意: The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow. Word came that their team had won. 第10頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別: 同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句在使用中常常混淆同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句在使用中常?；煜?,我們可以從以下幾個(gè)方面區(qū)別它

7、們我們可以從以下幾個(gè)方面區(qū)別它們: 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句說明的名詞大都是說明的名詞大都是抽象名詞抽象名詞; 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句所修飾、限定的名詞或代詞所修飾、限定的名詞或代詞有抽有抽 象的也有不抽象的象的也有不抽象的。 第11頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) We express the hope that they will come to visit China again. (同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句) Those who want to go please sign their names here. (定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句) 第12頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句所說明的名詞與從句沒有所說明的名詞與從句沒有 邏

8、輯關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系； 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句所限定的名詞是從句邏輯上所限定的名詞是從句邏輯上 的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等 。 第13頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) The news that they won the match is true. (同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句, news和從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系和從句沒有邏輯關(guān)系) The news that you told us yesterday is true. (定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句, news是是told的賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)) 第14頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) The order when we should go back hasnt reached us.

9、 (同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句, order和從句沒有邏輯關(guān)和從句沒有邏輯關(guān) 系系) The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten. (定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句, day是是founded 的邏輯狀語(yǔ)的邏輯狀語(yǔ)) 第15頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的連詞不可省略引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的連詞不可省略; 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常 可省略?？墒÷?。 The news that he has been elected monitor of our class is true. The news (that) he

10、 told me is exciting. 第16頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 同位語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句與名名詞一般可變成一個(gè)完整詞一般可變成一個(gè)完整 句子句子, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用be的不同形式的不同形式。 He heard the news that their team had won. 此句可以變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)表語(yǔ)從句此句可以變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)表語(yǔ)從句: The news was that their team had won. 第17頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 練習(xí)練習(xí) 1. Two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet./The fact worries their paren

11、ts and teachers a lot. The fact that two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot. 把下面兩個(gè)句子連成一個(gè)含同位語(yǔ)從把下面兩個(gè)句子連成一個(gè)含同位語(yǔ)從 句的復(fù)合句句的復(fù)合句。 第18頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 2. The Queen of England was on a four-day visit in China./We heard the news last night. We heard the news last night

12、that the Queen of England was on a four-day visit in china. 第19頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 3. Teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online. /Many Chinese parents hold the view. Many Chinese parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online. 第20頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 4. Students should be given more free time./Th

13、e suggestion is welcomed by many people. The suggestion that students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people. 第21頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 用名詞性從句完成下列句子。用名詞性從句完成下列句子。 5. The news _ _ (她通過了高考她通過了高考) is exciting. 6. Mike made a promise _ _ (他將幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)他將幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)) that she has passed the national college e

14、ntrance examination that he would help me with my English. 第22頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 指出劃線部分是什么從句。指出劃線部分是什么從句。 7. The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is known to us. 8. The continent(大陸大陸) that consists of two countries is developing very fast. (同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句) (定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句) 第23頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 9. The news that

15、 the plane will take off on time makes everybody happy. 10. The news that is spreading around the country is that a heavy storm is coming. (同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句) (定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句, 表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句) 第24頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 11. The suggestion that we should learn something practical is worth considering. (同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句) 第25頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接代詞或連接副

16、詞填空用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接代詞或連接副詞填空。 12. I cant decide _ book I should buy. 13. China is no longer _ it used to be. 14. I am very interested in _ he improved his English in such a short time. 15. _ we need is more money. which what how What 第26頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 16. The truth _ the earth turns around the sun is known to us. 17. _ and _ we will meet has not been decided yet. that Whenwhere 第27頁(yè)/共31頁(yè) 1.填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞，并判斷是定語(yǔ)從填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞，并判斷是定語(yǔ)從 句還是同位語(yǔ)從句：句還是同位語(yǔ)從句： 1) The fact