英語閱讀理解主旨?xì)w納解題技巧

做好閱讀理解，我們要具備哪些能力？第1頁/共21頁第一頁，共22頁。1、細(xì)節(jié)理解題2、詞義猜測題3、推理判斷題4、主旨?xì)w納題作者意圖、態(tài)度題文章結(jié)構(gòu)題閱讀理解考察題型：第2頁/共21頁第二頁，共22頁。主旨?xì)w納題第3頁/共21頁第三頁，共22頁。Questionforms:1.Themaintopic/subjectofthepassageis_____.

2.Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext/***paragraph？

3.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？

4.Thepurposeofthispassageis_____.

5.Thepassagemainlyfocusedon_____.

6.Whatwouldbethebesttitle/topic/headlineofthetext？第4頁/共21頁第四頁，共22頁。主題句定位法一個(gè)段落或一篇文章一般主題只能有一個(gè)，其他的內(nèi)容都起說明、論證作用。段落中其它的句子或文章的其它段落是用來解釋、支撐或發(fā)展主題句所表述的主題思想。第5頁/共21頁第五頁，共22頁。其他解題技巧1.正向法：速讀文章，找主題句或自己概括主題，從選項(xiàng)中找出最符合的。2.逆向法：假設(shè)題目中的選項(xiàng)為標(biāo)題，其寫法是否與所給文章一致。3.統(tǒng)計(jì)法：有些段落文章有多個(gè)句子段落，各句段主題可能完全不同，此時(shí)應(yīng)選擇涉及最多的選項(xiàng)。第6頁/共21頁第六頁，共22頁。干擾項(xiàng)的陷阱1.以偏概全，干擾項(xiàng)故意片面地理解文章，把文章中出現(xiàn)過的某一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)當(dāng)成整篇文章的主題。2.放大或縮小文章的主題，把文章的主題進(jìn)行放大或者縮小。3.偷換概念，文章講的主題被換成相關(guān)但不同的主題。第7頁/共21頁第七頁，共22頁。Let’spracticeHowtogetthemainideaofaparagraph?第8頁/共21頁第八頁，共22頁。1SmokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourExperimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?（1.5分鐘）

Smokingcancausecancer.SmokingisaterriblekillerSmokingisharmfultoourhealth.Anexperimentonsmoking.Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Practice：第9頁/共21頁第九頁，共22頁。2

Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Ontheotherhand,nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal.Andthemanwhoknows“everything”mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness.So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance.（1分鐘）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

Aprofessionalcriminallooksmoreinnocentthanothers.Don’tjudgeothersbyappearance.

So,itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance第10頁/共21頁第十頁，共22頁。

3Ifyouwereplanningtobuyatelevisionset,thefollowingadvertisementwouldcertainlydrawyourattention:“ColorTV.Only＄79.Twodayssale.Hu--rry.”However,whenyougotothestorereadytobuy.Youmaydiscoverthattheyaresoldout.Buttheshopassistantisquicktotellyouthathehasanothermodel.Amuchbettersetwhichis“justrightforyou”Itcosts＄395.Thissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.Buyersarebaitedwithasalesadvertisement,andthentheyareswitchedtoanothermoreexpensiveone.(2.5分鐘)Theparagraphcouldbeentitled_________.A.BuyingATVSetB.ASellingMethodC.BuyerBewareD.TVOnSaleThissalesmethodiscalled“baitandswitch”.(detail)(detail)(detail)誘售法第11頁/共21頁第十一頁，共22頁。4AcoupleofyearsagoItookthefamilyonawintervacationtoNewYorkcitytoexperiencetheholidayatmosphere.Thelongestlinesthatweekweren’tinthehalloftheempirestatebuilding,attheStatueofLibertyferryoranyofNewYork'sotherlandmarks,butinthesquareatFifthavenueand58Street,wherethecrowdtogetintoFAOSchwarz(atoystore)snakedaroundtheblock.Theauthorwantstotellus____inthisPara.A.thedistributionofpeople.B.thepoortrafficconditions.C.thepopularityofatoystoreD.theniceholidayatmosphere.第12頁/共21頁第十二頁，共22頁。Howtogetthemainideaofapassage?第13頁/共21頁第十三頁，共22頁。5

①M(fèi)agellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.（4分鐘）

Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.Magellan’sdeathB.GoingAroundTheWorldC.TheWorldIsRoundD.Magellan’sVoyage第14頁/共21頁第十四頁，共22頁。

①

Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.第15頁/共21頁第十五頁，共22頁。

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoodHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyage第16頁/共21頁第十六頁，共22頁。

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Magellan’svoyageprovedtheearthisround.第17頁/共21頁第十七頁，共22頁。

①M(fèi)agellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.

②MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetipofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,MagellangottothePhilippineIslands,wherehewaskilled.HismenfledandcontinuedtheirvoyageacrosstheIndianOcean.ItwaswiththegreatestdifficultythattheypassedtheCapeofGoedHope.BythetimetheyreturnedtoSpainonDecember21,1521,sevenoutofeveryeightmenhaddied.

③Magellan’svoyageprovedthatmencouldsailaroundtheworldandthatourearthisbutahugeball.Paragraph1:Magellan’svoyagewasthefirsttriparoundtheworld.Paragraph2:TheprocessofMagellan’slongdifficultvoyageParagraph3:Magellan’svoyagedprovedtheearthisround.Magellan’svoyage第18頁/共21頁第十八頁，共22頁。6Magellan’smenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofthemdiedofhungeranddiseases.Theyevenhadtoliveonsawdust.FinallyinApril1521,Magellangottot