雅思柱狀圖模板解析

第1頁/共60頁第一頁，共61頁。柱狀圖特點：1.柱狀圖是動態(tài)圖表，切入點是描述趨勢。2.柱狀圖寫作注重“比較”(找出similarity)和“對比”(找出difference)。也就是說需要橫向總結(jié)所有柱狀圖表的共性特征，也要分別描寫各個柱子的個性特征。第2頁/共60頁第二頁，共61頁。3.有兩種寫作方式：其一是對不同時間段內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)進行比較，適合于數(shù)據(jù)代表的物體較少且時間界限明確的情況。另外是對單獨數(shù)據(jù)的全程描述，適合于描述數(shù)據(jù)對象很多且時間劃定不清晰的情況。第3頁/共60頁第三頁，共61頁。柱狀圖BarChart柱狀圖寫法：把相同屬性的柱子頂端連起來（1）趨勢特征：線狀圖（2）數(shù)據(jù)對比：餅狀圖第4頁/共60頁第四頁，共61頁。1.more/fewer+n.+thane.g.更多的男性比女性選擇了電視。MoremalesthanfemaleschosetheTV.2.more/less+adj.+thane.g.電視在男性中較在女性中更流行。TVismorepopularamongmalesthanfemales.3.themost/least+adj.e.g.最流行的交流方式是因特網(wǎng)。ThemostpopularformofcommunicationistheInternet.4.(not)asmany…ase.g.同樣多的男性和女性選擇了計算機。Asmanymalesasfemaleschosethecomputer.對兩者進行比較的詞匯第5頁/共60頁第五頁，共61頁。副詞的使用1.幾乎一樣多的小孩和成人看古代歷史相關(guān)的電視節(jié)目。

NearlyasmanychildrenasadultswatchTVprogrammesaboutancienthistory.2.過去更多的人居住在鄉(xiāng)村而不是城鎮(zhèn)。Inthepast,considerablymore

peoplelivedinthecountrysidethantowns.3.比男性稍微多一點的女性選擇了自行車。

Slightlymorewomenthanmenvotedforthebicycle.對兩者進行比較的詞匯第6頁/共60頁第六頁，共61頁。1.whereas,but,while,although,though…+句子2.incomparisonwith,comparedwith…+n.對兩者進行對比的詞匯第7頁/共60頁第七頁，共61頁。ThegraphbelowshowsthedifferentmodesoftransportusedtotraveltoandfromworkinoneEuropeancityin1960,1980and2000.第8頁/共60頁第八頁，共61頁。第9頁/共60頁第九頁，共61頁。柱狀圖——線狀圖四線圖分類增長的car減少的bus波動的traintube第10頁/共60頁第十頁，共61頁。196019802000ThegraphbelowshowsthedifferentmodesoftransportusedtotraveltoandfromworkinoneEuropeancityin1960,1980and2000.第11頁/共60頁第十一頁，共61頁。P1ThegraphbelowshowsthedifferentmodesoftransportusedtotraveltoandfromworkinoneEuropeancityin1960,1980and2000.題目Thebargraphshowsthechangingpatterns

incommutingbytrain,car,tubeorbusforcommutersinoneEuropeancityintheyears1960,1980and2000.第12頁/共60頁第十二頁，共61頁。P2Thenumberofpeopleusingtrainsatfirstrose

fromjustunder20%in1960

toabout26%in1980,butthenfellbacktoabout23%in

2000.第13頁/共60頁第十三頁，共61頁。P3Useofthetubewasrelativelystable,

falling

fromaround27%ofcommutersin1960

to22%in1980,butclimbingbackto

reach25%by2000.第14頁/共60頁第十四頁，共61頁。P4Ontheotherhand,theuseofcarsincreasedsteadily

fromjustover5%in1960to23%in1980,reachingalmost40%by2000,whereasthepopularityofbuseshasdeclinedsince1960,fallingfromjustunder35%in1960

to27%

in1980andonly15%in2000.第15頁/共60頁第十五頁，共61頁。P5Thegraphindicatesthegrowinguseofcarsforcommutingtoworkbetween1960-2000,andthecontinueddeclineinthepopularityofbusesfrombeingthemostpopularmodeoftransportin1960totheleastpopularin2000.第16頁/共60頁第十六頁，共61頁。YourTurn第17頁/共60頁第十七頁，共61頁。ThechartsbelowshowthenumberofJapanesetouriststravellingabroadbetween1985and1995andAustralianshareoftheJapanesetouristmarket.

第18頁/共60頁第十八頁，共61頁。ThetablebelowshowsCO2emissionsfordifferentformsoftransportintheEuropeanUnion.第19頁/共60頁第十九頁，共61頁。Thechartbelowshowstheamountofleisuretimeenjoyedbymenandwomenofdifferentemploymentstatus.Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationshownbelow.第20頁/共60頁第二十頁，共61頁。第一步：分析X軸和Y軸X1：性別genderX2：就業(yè)狀態(tài)full-time,part-time,unemployed,retired,housewivesY：休閑時間hoursofleisuretime第21頁/共60頁第二十一頁，共61頁。第二步：分析圖表按X2的就業(yè)狀態(tài)進行分類：注意“-”menwomenfull-time5037part-time-40unemployed8570retired8570housewives-54第22頁/共60頁第二十二頁，共61頁。按X1男女人群分：男：最多unemployed和retired人群85；最少full-time50女：最多unemployed和retired人群70；最少full-time37第23頁/共60頁第二十三頁，共61頁。第三步：確定框架有兩種邏輯框架，第一是按照人群分類，共是5類人群；第二種是按照男女性別進行分類。結(jié)合圖形，很明顯就可以看出，5小類可以合并成3大類，employedfull-time,part-time算作工作族；unemployed，retired算作無工作族，housewives算作另類工作族。第24頁/共60頁第二十四頁，共61頁。Thechartshowsthenumberofhoursenjoyedbymenandwomeninatypicalweekin1998–1999,accordingtogenderandemploymentstatus.開頭段：第25頁/共60頁第二十五頁，共61頁。Amongthoseemployedfull-time,menonaveragehadfiftyhoursofleisure,whereaswomenhadapproximatelythirty-sevenhours.Therewerenofiguresgivenformalepart-timeworkers,but

femalepart-timershadfortyhoursofleisuretime,onlyslightly

morethanwomeninfull-timeemployment.主體段：第26頁/共60頁第二十六頁，共61頁。Intheunemployedandretiredcategories,leisuretimeshowedanincreaseforbothgenders,asmighthavebeenexpected.Heretoo,menenjoyedmoreleisuretime–overeightyhours,comparedwithseventyhoursforwomen,perhapsreflectingthefactthatwomenspendmoretimeworkinginthehomethanmen.第27頁/共60頁第二十七頁，共61頁。Lastly,housewivesenjoyedapproximatelyfifty-fourhoursofleisuretimeonaverage.Therewerenofiguresgivenforhousehusbands.主體段：第28頁/共60頁第二十八頁，共61頁。Overall,thechartdemonstratesthatinthecategoriesforwhichstatisticsonmaleleisuretimewereavailable,menenjoyedatleasttenhoursofextraleisuretimethanwomen.結(jié)尾段：第29頁/共60頁第二十九頁，共61頁。多柱第30頁/共60頁第三十頁，共61頁。Thechartsbelowshowthelevelsofparticipationineducationandscienceindevelopingandindustrializedcountriesin1980and1990.Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationshownbelow.第31頁/共60頁第三十一頁，共61頁。多柱第一步：分析X軸和Y軸X1：年代1980和1990X2：國家經(jīng)濟狀況：工業(yè)化國家和發(fā)展中國家Y1：學(xué)校受教育年限Y2：產(chǎn)出科學(xué)家和技術(shù)人員人數(shù)Y3：研發(fā)資金第32頁/共60頁第三十二頁，共61頁。第二步：分析圖表圖1：學(xué)校受教育年限兩者均升高，工業(yè)化國家比發(fā)展中國家高圖2：產(chǎn)出科學(xué)家和技術(shù)人員人數(shù)兩者均升高，工業(yè)化國家比發(fā)展中國家高圖3：研發(fā)資金工業(yè)化國家降低，發(fā)展中國家升高，工業(yè)化國家比發(fā)展中國家高三幅圖共同說明的趨勢？差距越來越大！第33頁/共60頁第三十三頁，共61頁。第三步：確定框架每個圖均可以有兩個邏輯發(fā)展順序：按照industrialized和developing來寫按照1980和1990兩個年代來寫第34頁/共60頁第三十四頁，共61頁。Thechartsbelowshowthelevelsofparticipationineducationandscienceindevelopingandindustrializedcountriesin1980and1990.→Thesedatashowsthedifferencesbetweendevelopingandindustrializedcountries’participationineducationandscience.Thesedatashowshowthedevelopingandindustrializedcountriesparticipatedinscienceandeducation.開頭段：第35頁/共60頁第三十五頁，共61頁。Intermsof/Inrespectofthenumberofyearsofschoolingreceived,wecanseethatthelengthoftimepeoplespentatschoolinindustrializedcountrieswasmuchgreaterat8.5yearsin1980,comparedto2.5yearsindevelopingcountries.Thegapwasincreasedfurtherin1990whenthefiguresroseto10.5yearsand3.5yearsrespectively.(Thelengthoftimepeoplespentatschoolinindustrializedcountrieswas6yearsmorethanthatindevelopingcountries(8.5VS2.5).)主體段：第36頁/共60頁第三十六頁，共61頁。Wecanseeasimilarpatterninthesecondgraph,whichshowsthatthenumberofpeopleworkingasscientistsandtechniciansinindustrializedcountriesincreasedfrom45to70per1,000peoplebetween1980and1990,whilethenumberindevelopingcountrieswentfrom12to18.主體段：第37頁/共60頁第三十七頁，共61頁。Finally,thefiguresforspendingonresearchanddevelopmentshowthatindustrializedcountriesmorethandoubledtheirspendingfrom$180bnto$360bn,whereasdevelopingcountriesactuallydecreasedtheirs,from$75bndownto$25bn.第38頁/共60頁第三十八頁，共61頁。Overallwecanseethatnotonlywerethereverylargedifferencebetweenthetwoeconomiesbutthatthesegapswerewidening.注意：notonly位于句首時，前半句要用倒裝句式第39頁/共60頁第三十九頁，共61頁。小結(jié)柱狀圖寫作要點：注意不同顏色的柱狀體代表的不同類型的數(shù)據(jù)；一般不存在極值，但須留意差別較大的同類數(shù)據(jù)；注意柱與柱之間的比較，包括大分類和小分類的比較；注意分段說明，一個段說明一種比較角度；注意比較柱與柱之間的落差，突出落差的極值。數(shù)據(jù)太多，則起點，結(jié)點和數(shù)量相等點必寫，倍數(shù)點必寫。第40頁/共60頁第四十頁，共61頁。條圖(翻轉(zhuǎn)90°的柱狀圖)第41頁/共60頁第四十一頁，共61頁。第42頁/共60頁第四十二頁，共61頁。第43頁/共60頁第四十三頁，共61頁。Thechartbelowshowsthedifferentlevelsofpost-schoolqualificationinAustraliaandtheproportionofmenandwomenwhoheldthemin1999.第44頁/共60頁第四十四頁，共61頁。第一步：分析X軸和Y軸X1：genderX2：文憑高低Y：各文憑男女各占百分比第45頁/共60頁第四十五頁，共61頁。第二步：分析圖形低學(xué)歷（skilledvocationaldiploma）

女低于男；中學(xué)歷（undergraduatediploma,Bachelor’sdegree）女高于男，而且Bachelor’sdegree的兩者數(shù)值基本相等；高學(xué)歷（postgraduatediploma,master’sdegree）女低于男第46頁/共60頁第四十六頁，共61頁。重要點：Skilledvocationaldiploma男女差距最大Bachelor’sdegree男女差距縮小到最小第47頁/共60頁第四十七頁，共61頁。條圖(翻轉(zhuǎn)90°的柱狀圖)第三步：確定框架按照學(xué)歷高低來分，低學(xué)歷（前三項）高學(xué)歷（后兩項）第48頁/共60頁第四十八頁，共61頁。P1Thechartbelowshowsthedifferentlevelsofpost-schoolqualificationinAustraliaandtheproportionofmenandwomenwhoheldthemin1999.題目Thechartgivesinformationaboutpost-schoolqualificationsintermsofthedifferentlevelsoffurthereducationreachedbymenandwomeninAustraliain1999.第49頁/共60頁第四十九頁，共61頁。P2Wecanseeimmediatelythatthereweresubstantialdifferencesintheproportionofmenandwomenatdifferentlevels.不同點

Thebiggestgenderdifferenceisatthelowestpost-schoollevel,where90%

ofthosewhoheldaskilledvocationaldiplomaweremen,comparedwithonly10%ofwomen.Bycontrast,morewomenheldundergraduatediplomas(70%)andlesswomenreacheddegreelevel(55%).第50頁/共60頁第五十頁，共61頁。P3Atthehigherlevelsofeducation,menwithpostgraduatediplomasclearlyoutnumberedtheirfemalecounterparts(70%and30%,respectively),andalsoconstituted60%ofMaster’sgraduates.counterpart同類第51頁/共60頁第五十一頁，共61頁。P4Thuswecanseethatmorementhanwomenholdqualificationsatthelowerandhigherlevelsofeducation,whilemorewomenreachundergraduatediplomalevelthanmen.不同點，趨勢ThegenderdifferenceissmallestatthelevelofBachelor’sdegree,however.第52頁/共60頁第五十二頁，共61頁。YourTurn第53頁/共60頁第五十三頁，共61頁。Thechartshowsthenumberofmobilephonesandlandlinesper100peopleinselectedcountries.

第54頁/共60頁第五十四頁，共61頁。Thegraphshowsthenumberofmobilephonesandlandlinesper100users,forselectedcountries.Overall,mostofthecountriesincludedinthegraphhavemoremobilephonessubscribersthanlandlines.

第55頁/共60頁第五十五頁，共61頁。MostEuropeancountrieshavehighmobilephoneuse.ThebiggestusersofmobilephonesaretheItalians,with88cellphonesper100people.Forexample,Ital