2023年全國(guó)研究生入學(xué)考試英語二試題和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案

20２3全國(guó)研究生入學(xué)考試英語(二)試題和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案SｅｃtionI

UｓｅofＥnglisｈ

Dirｅｃｔionｓ:

Readthefollowｉｎgtexｔ.Ｃhoｏsｅｔｈebｅsｔｗoｒｄ(s）ｆｏreacｈnuｍberｅdblａckanｄmaｒkA,B,CorＤonANSWEＲＳHEET1.（10pｏints）TｈeＩｎteｒｎetaｆｆorｄｓanｏnｙmitytｏitsｕsers,aｂlesｓiｎgtoprｉｖacｙandfreｅｄomofｓpeech.Bｕｔthatverｙaｎonｙmitｙisalｓｏbeｈindtheexpｌｏsiｏnofcｙｂer-crimetｈathas

1

acｒosstｈeWeb.Canｐｒｉｖacybｅpreserｖed

２

brｉngingsafetyandｓｅcuriｔytｏawｏrｌdｔhaｔsｅe(cuò)msincrｅaｓingly

3

?Lasｔmonth，HoｗardSｃhmiｄt,tｈenatiｏｎ’scyber-czaｒ，oｆfｅredｔheｆedeｒａlｇｏverｎmeｎta

4

tｏmakeｔheＷebasaｆerplace-a“voluntａrytｒustｅdｉｄeｎtｉｔy”sｙstemtｈａt(yī)woｕldbｅtｈｅhigh－teｃh

5

ofaphysicａlkey,afiｎgerpriｎｔandaphotoＩＤｃard,allｒoｌlｅｄ

6

onｅ.Theｓｙｓtemmiｇhtｕseasmaｒtidentitycard，oradigｉtalｃredenｔial

７

toａspecificcomｐｕtｅr.aｎdｗｏuldauthｅｎtｉcａt(yī)eusersaｔａｒangｅofonlinesｅrviｃes.Ｔheideaisto

８

afｅdeｒationoｆｐrivatｅonlｉneiｄentiｔysｙsｔeｍｓ.Usｅｒcould

９

whichsysｔemｔｏjoｉn，andｏnlyreｇistereduｓerｓwｈosｅiｄenｔitiｅshaveｂｅe(cuò)nauthenｔｉcatedｃouldnａviｇaｔetｈosｅsystｅｍs.Theａｐproachｃｏntrasｔswｉthoneｔｈａt(yī)woulｄｒequｉｒｅanIntｅrnｅtdriveｒ’slicｅnse

10

bythｅgoveｒｎment.GｏogｌeandＭｉcrosｏftarｅamｏnｇcompａnｉesthaｔａｌreadyhａvetｈese“singlesｉgn-on”sｙsｔeｍｓthatｍakeiｔｐossibｌeforuｓeｒstｏ

11

justoｎcebutusemａnyｄiffeｒentservicｅs.

１2.ｔｈeapｐroachwoulｄcreatｅa“ｗaｌlｅｄgａrden”ｎcybeｒspace,withsafe“neigｈｂorhooｄs”anｄbrighｔ“streeｔlights”tｏestablishasｅnｓeofａ

13

comｍｕnity.Mr．Sｃhmidtdescribeditasa“ｖoｌuｎｔaryecosyｓtem”iｎwhiｃh“indｉｖiｄuaｌsandoｒｇａnizatioｎｓｃpleteonlinｅtransactiｏｎｓｗiｔh

1４

,ｔrusｔｉｎgｔheiｄenｔｉtｉｅsofeａchｏtｈｅrandｔheidentitｉｅsoｆtheｉｎｆｒａsｔruｃture

１5

wｈichｔheｔｒansａｃtioｎｒｕｎs”．Stilｌ,tｈeadｍinisｔｒａt(yī)ion’splａｎhas

16

priｖacyｒｉghtｓacｔivistｓ.Sｏｍeapplaudtｈeapprｏacｈ;otherｓａrecｏnｃｅrｎｅｄ.Itｓeeｍsclearｔhａt(yī)suchaschemeｉsaｎinitiａt(yī)iｖeｐｕshtｏｗａrdｗhatwould

１7

ｂｅacｏｍpｕｌｓorｙInｔｅrnet“ｄｒive’slicense”mentalｉty.Tｈeplanhaｓalsoｂｅe(cuò)ngreetedwｉtｈ

18

bｙｓｏpｕｔersecuｒityexpｅrｔs,ｗhｏwｏrrythaｔｔhe“voｌuntaｒyｅcoｓysｔem”envisioｎｅdbｙMr.SchmｉdtwouldｓtｉlllｅavemucｈoftheInteｒnet

１9

.ＴheyaｒｇuethatａllInterｎetｕｓerssｈouｌdbｅ

20

toregistｅrandｉｄeｎtifｙthemｓelｖｅs，iｎthesamewaythatdriverｓmuｓtｂeｌicｅｎsedtｏdriｖeoｎpｕｂlicroａds.1．A．sweｐｔB.skiｐpeｄC.wａlkeｄＤ．ridｄen２．A．forB.wｉtｈｉｎＣ.wｈileD．ｔｈough3．A.carｅleｓｓB.laｗlessC．pointｌessD.hｅｌｐｌeｓs4.Ａ.rｅａsoｎＢ.ｒeminderＣ.comproｍiseD.proposal５．Ａ.inｆormationB.ｉｎｔｅrferenceＣ.entｅrtaｉnmeｎｔD.equivaｌｅｎｔ6．A.bｙＢ.ｉntoC．ｆｒｏｍD．oveｒ7．A.linkｅdＢ.directedC.cｈaineｄD．coｍparｅd8.A．dismissB.discｏvｅrC．ｃrｅateD.imｐｒｏve9.A.recａlｌB.suggeｓｔC.selectＤ.reaｌize1０.A.relcasedB.issｕedC.distributｅdＤ.ｄｅliｖｅred１１．A.caｒｒyｏnB.ｌiｎgeｒｏｎC.sｅtinD．loｇiｎ12．A．InｖａinB.ＩneffeｃtＣ.IｎretuｒnD.Ｉnｃｏnｔrasｔ13.A.trusｔedB．moderniｚｅdｃ.thｒｉvｉｎgD．ｃompｅtｉnｇ14.A.cauｔiｏｎB.ｄeｌightC.conｆiｄｅｎceD.ｐatiｅncｅ15．A.oｎB.afterC.beyｏndD．a(chǎn)ｃroｓs16.A.ｄividedB.disaｐｐoｉntedＣ.ｐroｔectｅdＤ．ｕnited１7．Ａ．frｅqｕestlyB.ｉｎciｄentaｌlyC．occaｓiｏnallyＤ．ｅvenｔｕally1８.A．skeｐticisｍB.rｅleranceＣ.indｉfｆｅrenｃｅD.enthｕsiasm19.Ａ.manageａbleB．defeｎｄabｌｅＣ.vuｌｎｅraｂｌｅＤ.inｖisibｌe20.A.invitedＢ．a(chǎn)ppointedＣ.allowedD．ｆｏrced

SectioｎＩＩ

ReadiｎｇCｏｍprehｅnｓioｎ

PａrtA

Dｉrections:

Rｅａdthｅfoｌlｏwingfｏurtexts.AnｓｗerｔｈequestionsaftereａchｔexｔｂychoｏsiｎgA,B，ＣｏrＤ.MarkｙouｒaｎｓwersonANSWEＲSHEＥT１．(４０pｏinｔｓ）

Text

1

RuthSｉｍmonsｊoinedGoldmaｎSachs’sbｏardaｓanoutsｉdedireｃｔｏrinＪanuary20２３:ayearlａt(yī)ｅrsheｂeｃamｅｐｒesｉｄeｎtｏfBｒown

Outsiｄｅdirｅcｔoｒｓarｅsuｐposｅdtoseｒveashｅlpful,yetlessｂiasｅd，aｄｖiｓerｓonafiｒm’sboａｒｄ.Hａｖingmadeｔheｉrwealthandtheirrｅputaｔiｏnselsｅｗｈｅre,ｔhｅyprｅsumablyhavｅe(cuò)ｎｏughiｎdeｐｅndｅnceｔｏdisａgｒeewithｔhecｈiefｅxecｕtive’sprｏpｏsaｌs.Ifthesky,aｎdthｅsｈarｅpｒiceisfａlｌing，ｏｕtsiｄedirｅctoｒsshoｕlｄbeabletogiveaｄvicebasedoｎhａｖingweａｔheｒedtheiｒoｗncｒｉses.

TｈｅresearchersfroｍOｈｉｏ

Ｂutｔheｒesｅaｒchersbeｌievetｈaｔoutsidｅdｉrectoｒshavｅaneaｓiertiｍｅofａvoidingａblowtｏtheiｒrｅputaｔionsiftｈｅyleaveａｆirmbeforebadnewsbreａkｓ，eｖeｎifarevｉewofhistorｙshowstheyｗereｏntheboａｒdａｔｔhetimｅanywｒongdoingoccurred.Firmsｗhoｗanttｏkeeptheｉrｏutsidｅｄｉrectorstｈroughｔougｈtimesmayhavetocrｅateiｎcentｉveｓ.Otherwiseouｔsidｅdiｒectoｒswiｌlfollowthｅe(cuò)xａmpleｏfMs.Simmons,onｃeaｇainverypｏｐｕlaronｃaｍｐｕｓ.2１.ＡcｃordｉnｇtoＰaｒagｒaｐｈ1,Ｍs.Siｍmｏnswascriticｉzeｄfｏr

.[A］ｇａiniｎｇｅxｃeｓsiｖeprofits[B］faiｌinｇtofuｌfｉllｈerdｕｔy[C]rｅfｕsiｎgtｏｍakecompromiｓeｓ［Ｄ]leavingｔheboaｒdintｏugｈｔimｅｓ22．ＷｅlｅａrnｆrｏmＰaragrａph２tｈａt(yī)oｕtｓiｄｅdｉrecｔorｓarｅsupposeｄtｏｂe

.[A]ｇeneｒoｕsiｎvestorｓ[B]ｕnbiasedｅｘecutiｖｅｓ[C］sｈaｒｅprｉceｆoreｃａstｅｒs[D]indepｅndentaｄｖiｓｅｒs23.AcｃordinｇtothｅｒesｅarcｈerｓfromOhｉｏ[Ａ]becｏmemoresｔabｌe[B]rｅportiｎｃrｅaseｄearnings[C］dｏlesswellｉnthesｔocｋmａrkeｔ［Ｄ]perforｍworseiｎｌawsuits24.Itｃanbeinｆerreｄfｒｏmtｈｅlaｓtparａgraｐhtｈaｔoｕtsｉdeｄiｒｅctoｒs

.[A］ｍaystayfoｒtheatｔractｉveoｆfeｒsfroｍtｈefｉrｍ[Ｂ]ｈａveｏftenhａdｒeｃordsoｆwｒoｎgdoｉngsｉｎｔhefｉrm[C]ａreａccuｓｔomedtostｒess-fｒｅe(cuò)workinｔhefｉrm[D］ｗiｌｌdeｃlineinｃenｔiveｓfromthefirm25.Theaｕthoｒ’satｔitudｅtowaｒｄtｈｅrｏleofoｕtsｉｄedｉreｃtoｒｓis

.［A]ｐｅrｍｉssive[B]poｓiｔｉve［C]scoｒnfｕｌ［D]ｃrｉtiｃaｌ

Ｔext

2

Whatｅvｅrhapｐenｅdtothedeａｔhofnewspaper?Ａｙearagotｈeｅnｄseeｍedneａr.Therecessioｎthreateneｄtorｅｍovetｈｅadverｔisｉｎgandｒeａdeｒsthaｔｈａdｎotalreａｄyｆlｅdtoernet.NｅｗspapeｒslｉketheSanFranciscoChroｎｉclewereｃhroniclingtheirowndooｍ．Ａmeｒica’sＦederａｌＴradｅcommiｓsionlａunchedarounｄoｆtａlksabｏuｔｈowtosａvenewｓpａpeｒs.Shoｕldtheybeｃoｍecｈaｒitａbｌecｏrporaｔioｎs?Shouｌｄtheｓtａt(yī)ｅsｕｂｓiｄizethｅm?Itwｉｌｌholｄａｎotheｒmeｅtingｓoon.Bｕtｔhediscｕssionsnｏwsｅe(cuò)moutofｄate．

Inmｕchｏfthｅｗｏｒldtherｅisｔheｓigｎofcriｓiｓ.GermanandＢｒaziｌianpaperｓhavｅｓｈruｇgedｏｆfｔｈereceｓsion.EvｅｎＡmerｉcanneｗspaｐerｓ,whicｈiｎhabittｈemosttrouｂleｄcomｅofthegｌoｂaｌindusｔrｙ,hａvenｏtoｎlysurviｖedbｕｔoｆtｅnretuｒｎedtｏproｆｉt.Notｔｈe20％profitmａｒginsthatwererｏutineafewyearsagｏ,ｂutｐrｏfiｔalｌｔｈeｓamｅ．

Ithasｎoｔbｅe(cuò)ｎmuchｆun.Manｙpａpｅrｓsｔayeｄaｆloａｔｂyｐｕshingjouｒｎａlistsovｅrbｏａrd.TheＡmｅriｃanSocietｙｏfNewsEditorsｒeｃkｏnsthaｔ13,50０nｅｗsrｏｏmｊｏbshａveｇonesiｎｃe2０２3．Rｅaｄerｓarｅpayingmｏrｅforｓliｍmeｒｐroducts.Somｅｐaｐerseveｎhadthenｅrｖｅtoｒｅｆｕsedｅlｉveｒｙtodistantsubuｒｂs.Yettｈesｅdesｐerａt(yī)emeasureｓhａvedｔhｅrightonesand,sadlyｆorｍaｎyｊouｒnaliｓtｓ,ｔhｅycaｎbepushｅdfurｔhｅr.

Newspａpersarebｅｃomｉｎgmorebalancｅdbuｓinesｓes，withaheａlｔhiermixofrevenｕｅsｆｒoｍreａdeｒsａndadvｅrtiｓｅrｓ.Americａnｐａperｓｈavelongbeenhighlyunusualｉnｔheiｒrｅlianceoｎａdｓ．Ｆｕlly８7%oｆtheirrｅvenuesｃaｍefroｍadｖertisｉngin202３,acｃorｄｉngtoｔheOrgａnｉzationfoｒEcｏnomicCoopｅratiｏｎ&Developmenｔ(OECD)．InJapanthｅpｒoportionis35%.Notsurｐrisiｎgly,Japanesｅneｗｓpapｅrsａrｅmｕcｈmorｅstａｂlｅ．

Ｔhewhirlwｉnｄthatsｗeｐｔthｒouｇhnｅwsrooｍsｈaｒｍedeverybody,butmuchofthedamagehａｓbeｅnconｃenｔratedinaｒｅaswhereｎewspapｅrarｅｌｅａstdｉｓｔinctiｖe.Cａｒanｄｆilｍrｅvｉewersｈａｖegone.Sohａvescienｃeａndgeneralｂusiｎessrｅporterｓ.Forｅignburｅaushaveｂeeｎsaｖagelycuｔｏｆf.Newspapｅrsａｒelesscomｐleteasａresｕlｔ.Ｂutcompletｅneｓsiｓnolongeｒavirtuｅintheneｗspaperbusiｎess．２6.Byｓayiｎg“Newｓpapｅrslｉkｅ…tｈｅiｒoｗｎdｏoｍ”(Ｌｉnes3-4,Paｒa.1),ｔheautｈorinｄiｃateｓｔhatnewspａpｅｒ

.[A]ｎegleｃtedtｈesｉgｎofｃrisis[B]failedtogetstatｅsubsidies[C]weｒenotｃｈaritablecoｒporationｓ［Ｄ]wereinaｄesperatesituatiｏn27.Sｏmｅneｗｓpａｐersrefuｓeｄdeliveｒyｔoｄisｔantsｕburｂsｐrobablｙbecａuse

.[A]rｅａdersthreatｅnedtopayｌess[B]newspaｐersｗantedtoｒeｄucｅcｏsts[C]ｊourｎalistsreporｔｅdlittleａboutｔhｅｓeareas[D］subscrｉbersｃoｍplaｉneｄaboutslimｍerｐroducts２8.ＣomparedwithtｈeirAｍeｒicanｃｏｕｎterparｔs,Ｊapanesenewｓpaｐersaｒemｕchｍorｅstaｂlｅbecauｓeｔhey

.［A]havemｏresｏｕrcesofreｖenue[B]havemorebalanｃedneｗsrｏｏms［Ｃ]areleｓsdependenｔoｎadvertiｓinｇ[Ｄ]areleｓsafｆectedbyｒｅadership29.Ｗhａt(yī)caｎbeinfｅrｒeｄfromｔhelastｐａｒagｒａphaｂouｔthecuｒrentneｗｓpapeｒbusinｅss?[A]Disｔiｎctivenessｉsａｎeｓseｎtiaｌfeatuｒeofnｅｗspａpers．[B]Compｌetenｅｓsｉsｔｏbｌameｆoｒthefaｉlｕreofnｅwspaｐer．[C]Foｒeiｇnburｅaｕsｐｌayacruciａlroleiｎtheｎeｗspaperbusｉness.[D］Readersｈavｅlosttheｉrｉnteresｔiｎcaｒaｎdｆilｍrｅｖｉews.30.Themostａppropriatetitlｅforthiｓtextｗｏuｌdｂｅ

.[A］AｍeｒｉｃanNewｓpａpｅrs:SｔrugｇlinｇforSurvivaｌ[B］AmｅricanＮewspａpers:GｏnewiththeWｉnd[C]AmｅｒｉｃａnNｅｗｓpapers：AＴhrｉvinｇBuｓｉｎess［D］AmeｒicanＮeｗsｐapers:AHopelｅｓｓＳtory

Text

2

Whateveｒhａppenedtothedeaｔhofnｅwsｐapｅr？Ａyｅaragothｅe(cuò)ndsｅe(cuò)meｄｎear．Theｒｅｃessｉonｔhreaｔenｅdtoreｍｏvetheaｄvertiｓｉngandreaderstｈathadnotaｌreadyfｌedtotｈeinternet.NewspaperｓlikethｅSanFranｃiｓcoCｈronicｌeｗerｅchroｎｉｃlingｔheｉrowｎｄoom．Ameriｃa’sFeｄeralTrａｄeｃommissiｏnｌaunchedarounｄoftalksabouｔhoｗtｏsａｖeｎewspapers.Shｏuldｔheｙbeｃomechaｒitablecorｐorations？Sｈoｕｌｄｔhｅsｔatesubｓidizｅtheｍ?Itwillｈoldａnotheｒmｅe(cuò)tingsｏｏｎ.Ｂｕttheｄiscussionｓｎｏｗseeｍｏuｔoｆdate．

Iｎmuｃｈoｆtheworldtｈeｒeisthesignofcrisｉs．GermanaｎｄBｒaziｌｉanpａpershaveｓhruggeｄｏfftheｒeｃession.EvenAmｅricａｎｎeｗspaｐers,whichiｎhaｂiｔthｅmostｔrｏubｌeofthegｌoｂalinｄusｔｒｙ,havｅnotonlysurｖｉveｄbutoftenrｅtｕrnedtoprofit.Notthe20%proｆiｔmargｉnsthatｗｅｒerｏuｔineafewyearsａgo，ｂutpｒofitallthesａmｅ.

Ithasｎｏtbeenｍucｈｆun.Manypａpｅrssｔａyedaｆｌoatbypｕshｉngjouｒnalisｔsoveｒｂoard.TheAmeriｃanSocieｔｙofＮewｓEdｉtorsreｃkonstｈａt(yī)1３,5０0ｎewsroｏｍjobｓｈavegoｎesｉnce2023.Ｒeａdersarｅpａyiｎgmorefoｒｓlｉmmｅrｐroｄucts.Ｓomeｐaｐersevｅｎｈadthenervetorefuｓedeliverytｏｄｉｓtａntsｕburbs.Ｙeｔtｈesｅdｅsｐerａt(yī)emeasurｅshavｅｐｒovedｔheｒｉghｔonｅsaｎd,sadlyforｍａnyjoｕｒnaｌists,theｙcａnbepuｓhｅdｆurｔｈer．

Neｗspapｅrsａｒｅｂecomｉngｍorｅbalancｅdｂuｓinessｅs,ｗｉｔhａhｅalｔhiermixofrevenuｅsfromｒeadeｒｓａndａｄｖｅｒtiserｓ.Americanpaｐｅrshavelｏngbeｅnhｉghｌｙuｎusuａｌinｔｈｅirreliaｎceonaｄs.Fulｌy８7％oftｈeirｒevenuｅｓcamefｒomadvertｉｓｉnｇin20２３,accｏrdiｎgtotheＯrgaｎｉｚatiｏnfｏrEconomｉcCoｏperatiｏｎ＆Dｅvelopmｅｎt(OEＣＤ).ＩnＪａpaｎtheproportｉoｎiｓ３5%.Notｓurｐrisingly,Ｊａpａnesｅｎewspａpｅrsaｒemuchmｏｒestable.

Thｅwhｉrlwinｄthatｓwepｔｔhroughnｅwsroomｓharmedevｅrｙbody,butmuchoftheｄamagehasbｅｅｎcoｎcentratｅdinareaswhｅrｅｎｅwspａpｅrarelｅaｓtdistiｎｃtive．Cａraｎdｆilmｒeｖieｗersｈavｅgｏｎｅ.Sｏｈａvescienceandgeｎｅrａlｂusiｎeｓsrｅportｅrｓ.Forｅiｇｎbureaｕsｈavebｅe(cuò)nsavａgelｙcｕｔoff.Ｎeｗspapｅrsａrelesｓcomｐleteaｓaｒeｓｕlt.Butｃompletｅnessisｎｏlonｇｅraｖirtueintheｎewspaｐerｂusiｎｅｓs．26.Ｂysａyinｇ“Newsｐapｅｒｓliｋe…tｈeｉrｏwnｄoom”(Ｌineｓ3-4,Parａ.1)，theａｕｔhorindicatesthatnewsｐaper

．[A]nｅgｌｅcｔedｔhｅｓigｎofcｒisis[B]faｉledｔoｇeｔｓtatesubsｉdｉeｓ[C]ｗｅrｅnotcharｉtablecｏrporatiｏns[D]werｅiｎadesｐeraｔｅｓitｕａｔioｎ27．Somenewｓpapｅrsrｅfｕｓｅddelivｅrytｏｄｉstａntsｕbuｒbsproｂablyｂeｃaｕse

．[Ａ]readｅｒｓthreatenｅdtopayless[Ｂ］newsｐaperｓｗaｎteｄtｏrｅduceｃｏsts[C]journalｉstｓrｅｐoｒtedliｔtｌeａboutthesｅarｅas［D］ｓubscｒibｅrscｏmplainｅｄaｂｏutslimｍerprodｕcts28.CｏmpaｒedwｉtｈtheｉrＡｍericａncounｔｅｒpａrｔs,Japａｎeseneｗspａｐｅrsａreｍｕchmoresｔablebecａuｓｅtheｙ

.［A]haveｍoresouｒｃesofreｖenue［B]havｅmorebalａnｃｅdnewｓrooms[Ｃ］areｌｅｓｓdepｅｎdenｔｏnadveｒｔising[Ｄ]arｅｌessａffecteｄbyreａｄｅrsｈip２9.Whatcaｎbeinfｅｒredfrｏmthｅlastpａｒaｇrａpｈaboutｔheｃｕrｒｅntnewspａｐerbusiｎess?[A］Distinctiveｎessｉsaneｓseｎtiａｌfｅatｕreｏfｎewspaｐeｒs.[B]Ｃompletｅnｅｓｓｉsｔｏblameｆｏrtｈｅｆailurｅｏfｎｅwsｐaper.[Ｃ］Fｏreiｇｎburｅａusplaｙａcruｃｉalrolｅinthｅnewspａｐeｒｂusineｓs.[D]Reａdｅrsｈavelosterestiｎcarandfｉlｍreviews.３０.Thｅmｏstaｐprｏｐriａt(yī)eｔitleｆorthistexｔｗoｕｌｄbe

.［Ａ]ＡmeriｃanＮewspapｅrｓ:StrugglingｆorSurｖivａｌ[B]AmerｉｃaｎＮewspapers:GonewitｈthｅＷind[Ｃ］AmeriｃanNewspａpers:AThｒivingＢusinｅｓs[D]AmerｉcanNewｓpａperｓ:AHｏpelｅｓｓSｔory

Teｘｔ

4

ＷillｔheEｕｒｏpｅａnUnioｎmakｅit？Thequｅsｔiｏnwouldhａｖｅｓｏundｅdstrａｎgeｎｏtｌonｇago.Noweｖeｎｔhepｒｏject’sｇreａt(yī)esｔcｈeｅrｌeaderstalkofacｏｎｔiｎeｎtfacinｇa“Bermudａt(yī)riangle”ofdｅｂt,populatｉondeclｉneanｄlowergrｏwth.

Aswｅｌｌａstｈoｓecｈroｎbleｍs,theEＵfaceanａcｕtｅcrisｉｓｉｎiｔsｅｃｏnｏmiccoｒe，ｔhe１6couｎtriesｔhatｕｓethesｉｎglecurｒenｃy.Marｋeｔｓｈaｖelostfaithｔhattｈeeuｒｏｚｏne’sｅconomies,wｅａkeｒorstroｎgeｒ,willoｎeｄayconveｒｇｅtｈankstothedisｃipliｎeoｆｓhaｒiｎｇasiｎgｌeｃｕrrｅnｃy,wｈicｈdeｎiesuncomｐetitivemeｍbｅｒｓthequｉcｋfixofdeｖaluatioｎ.YetthｅdｅbateａbouｔhoｗtosavｅEurope’ssinｇleｃurreｎcyfromｄisiｎｔeｇｒａt(yī)iｏnisｓtucｋ.Ｉｔiｓsｔuｃkbeｃauｓetheeuroｚone’sdｏmｉnantｐｏwｅｒs,ＦranｃeandＧeｒｍany,ａgreｅonｔhｅneｅdforgreａt(yī)ｅrｈarmonizａｔioｎｗiｔhiｎtheeuroｚone，buｔdisagrｅe(cuò)aｂoutwhattoｈaｒmｏnies.

Ｇeｒmaｎytｈinｋsｔheｅｕromｕｓｔbｅsavedbystrｉcterrｕlｅsonborｒoｗspendingandｃｏmpetｉtivｅｎess,barｋｅｄbｙquasi－autoｍatiｃsaｎｃｔiｏnｓforｇovernmeｎｔsthatdonoｔｏbey．Thesemｉghtiｎcｌudethreａt(yī)stoｆrｅe(cuò)zeＥＵfuｎdsｆoｒpｏoｒeｒregｉｏnsandEＵmega-prｏｊecｔｓaｎdｅventhｅsuｓpenｓiｏnofaｃountry’sｖｏｔinｇｒｉgｈtsinEUmiｎｉsｔeｒｉalcouｎcilｓ．Itinsistsｔhateｃoｎoｍｉｃｃo-ordinationshoｕldinｖｏlveall２7ｍｅｍbeｒｓｏｆtheEＵcluｂ,ａmｏngwhomtherｅｉsaｓｍaｌｌｍaｊorｉtyfoｒfree－marketliberalismandecｏnomｉcrigoｕr;ｉntheinnercｏrealｏnｅ,Germanyfeaｒs,asmaｌlmａjｏriｔｙfavourＦｒeｎｃhintｅrｆerenｃe．

Ａ“sｏｕthern”ｃａmpｈeadeｄｂyＦrｅnｃｈwａntsｓometｈiｎgdiffｅrent:”Euroｐeanecｏnomiｃgoveｒｎmeｎｔ”wiｔhｉnaninnercorｅofeｕro-zonemembers.Ｔrａnsｌatｅｄ,thatmｅａnspoliticiａnｓinterｖｅninginmoｎｅｔaｒypoｌiｃyandasystemofredistrｉbutionfroｍｒichｅｒtoｐooreｒｍｅmbers,viａcｈeaｐｅｒborrowingｆoｒgovernｍentsthroｕghｃommoｎEurｏbonｄｓorｃompletefiscaltransferｓ.Fiｎallｙ,figurｅscｌｏsetｏthｅＦraｎｃegovｅrｎmenthavｅmurｍuｒed,curo-ｚｏnemｅmｂersｓｈｏuldagreetosｏmefｉｓcaｌａndｓocialhaｒmｏnizａt(yī)ion：e.g.,cuｒpｅtitiｏnｉncorporate-taxratｅsoｒｌａbｏurcｏstｓ．

ItistoｏsoｏnｔoｗriｔeoffthｅEＵ.Itｒｅmainsｔｈeｗorld’slarｇeｓｔtｒaｄｉngbｌock．Atitｓbeｓt,thｅEｕｒopｅanproｊecｔｉｓremarkaｂlyｌｉｂeral:buｉlｔａroundａsｉnｇｌemarkｅtof２７ｒｉchａndｐoorcountrieｓ,ｉｔsｉnternalborｄersaｒeｆａrmoreｏpｅntｏgoods,capitaｌanｄｌａbouｒthaｎａnyｃomｐarabletraｄingａrea.Itｉsanambitioｕsaｔtempttoｂluｎtｔhｅｓhａrpesｔｅｄｇesｏfgloｂａlizatiｏn,aｎdmakecapitａlｉsmbenigｎ．36.TｈeEUisfaceｄwiｔhsｏmaｎyｐｒoｂlemsthat

．[A］iｔｈasmoreorｌesslosｔfaithｉnｍarketｓ［B］evｅniｔssuｐporｔersbegｉntｏfeeｌconcerned［C]soｍｅofitsmｅｍｂerｃountrieｓplantoａbａnｄoneuro［D]itintenｄstoｄｅｎyｔhepossibiｌityofdeｖaｌuａt(yī)ｉon37.ThedebaｔｅovｅrtｈeEU’ssiｎgｌecurｒeｎcyｉsｓｔuckｂｅcausethｅｄｏmｉnantpowers

．[A]ａrecompeｔｉｎgfoｒtｈｅｌeaｄｉngｐosiｔion［B]ａrebusyhandｌinｇtheirｏwncrisｅs[C]ｆailtorｅａchaｎagreementｏｎhａrｍonizatｉon[Ｄ］disaｇｒｅｅonｔｈesｔeｐstowａrdsdｉｓiｎtｅｇrａｔｉon3８.Toｓoｌvｅtｈｅe(cuò)uroｐｒoblem,Gｅrmａｎｙpropｏseｄｔhat

．［A]EＵfundsforpoorregiｏｎsbeincｒeaｓeｄ[B]stricｔｅrregulatioｎsｂeimpoｓeｄ[Ｃ]ｏnlycoreｍeｍbersbeinvolveｄinecｏnomｉccｏ－ordｉnaｔｉon[Ｄ］voｔingrightsofｔｈeEUmeｍｂersbeguaｒanｔeed39.TheＦreｎchpｒopoｓalｏfhaｎdlingthecriｓｉsiｍpｌiesthat__

__．［Ａ]pｏorcountrｉesaremorｅlｉｋelytogeｔｆunds［B］sｔrｉctmｏnetaryｐｏlicｙｗillｂeａpｐlｉedtoｐoorcountrieｓ［Ｃ］ｌoanswｉllbeｒeadｉlｙａvaｉlabletｏrichcounｔrｉｅｓ[Ｄ]riｃｈｃｏuntriｅswiｌlbasicalｌycontrolＥuroｂonds4０.RegａrdｉngthefutureoftheEＵ,theautｈoｒｓeeｍstofeｅl＿_(dá)

__.［Ａ］ｐｅｓsimｉstｉｃ［Ｂ］deｓｐeratｅ[C］concｅited[D]hoｐefulＰａrtB

Direcｔioｎs:

Readtheｆolloｗingｔexｔaｎdansｗerｔｈequeｓtｉonsbyfｉndｉngiｎfｏrmａt(yī)ionfromtheｒightcolｕmnｔhａt(yī)correspoｎdstｏeachｏｆｔｈemaｒkeddｅｔailsｇiｖeniｎthelefｔｃolｕmn.Therｅaretwoexｔraｃhoｉcesinthｅｒｉghtｃoｌumｎ．MarkyouransweronＡNＳWERSHＥET1.（10pｏints）

SeｃtｉonIUseofEnglish1．A

2.C

３.B

４.D

5.D

6.B

7．A

8.C

9．Ｃ

1０．B11.D

12.B

1３．Ａ

14．C

15．A

16.A

１7．D

１8．A

19.C

2０．DSｅctioｎI(lǐng)IReaｄingComｐｒｅｈensionPａrtAText121.［B]faiｌinｇtofｕlfillherduty.22.[Ｄ]iｎdｅpｅndenｔadvｉsers.２3.［C]dolessweｌｌintｈｅstockmaｒket.２4.[A]ｍaystayforｔｈeattrａctiveofｆｅrsfromthｅfｉｒm.25.[D]cｒitical．Text226．[Ｄ］weｒeinadeｓpｅraｔeｓｉtuation.2７.［B]newspaｐerｓwantedtoreducecｏstｓ.２8.[C]arｅlｅsｓdependeｎtonadｖeｒtisｉｎg．29.［A]Distiｎｃtivenｅssiｓaｎessenｔialfeａｔuｒeｏfnewspapｅrｓ.．30.[A]AmeｒicanＮewspａpers:StruｇｇlｉngｆoｒSｕrvivａｌTｅxt3３1.[C]reｓtrａiｎtandconfidence．32．［Ｄ]IthaｄagｒｅatiｎflｕeｎｃeuponAｍericanａrcｈｉｔectuｒｅ.3３.[C]wａsnotreliａntoｎabundａntdeｃｏratiｏｎ．３4.[Ｄ]Thｅyshaｒeｄsoｍechａracteristicsofabstractart.35.［B]Nａｔｕｒaｌsceneｓｗｅretａkeｎｉntoｃonｓｉｄeratioｎ．Tｅxt4

36.[B]eveniｔssｕpporterｓbeｇiｎｔoｆeｅlconcerned37.[C]faｉｌtoｒeachaｎagreｅmentonhａrｍonｉzatｉoｎ38.[Ｂ]sｔrictｅrreｇｕｌatiｏｎsbeｉmposed.３9.[Ａ]pｏoｒcoｕｎｔriesａｒｅmorｅliｋelytogetfunｄs４0.[Ｄ]hopｅｆｕlPａｒtB41．E

４2.D

4３．C

44.B

4５．G

４6.Ｄirｅcｔiｏn:

ＩｎthｉｓｓectioｎｔｈereisatextinEngｌish.TrａｎｓlateｉtinｔoCｈinｅsｅ,wrｉtｅyourｔranslatｉoｎonＡNＳWERSHEEＴ2.(15ｐｏintｓ)

Whoｗｏuldhavｅthoｕghtthat,globａlly,ｔhｅIＴindｕｓtryproducesabouｔthｅsａmeｖoｌumesoｆgｒeeｎｈｏｕsｅgasesastheworｌd’ｓaiｒｌinｅsdo-rouｇｈ2ｐerｃentofallＣO2emiｓsｉoｎｓ?

Manyeverydaｙtasksｔakｅasurｐｒisiｎgtoｌlontheenviｒonment.AGoｏgleseａrｃhcａｎleakbeｔwｅｅｎ0.２aｎd７．0grａmsofCO2ｄeｐeｎdiｎgonｈowmanyattemptsaｒenｅe(cuò)deｄｔoｇetｔhe“rigｈt”aｎswｅr.Ｔｏdeｌｉverreｓultstoitsｕｓersquiｃkly,theｎ,Googlｅhａstoｍａintａinvastdatacentresroundthewｏrld,ｐackeｄwｉtｈpoｗｅｒfuｌｃoｍｐuters.WhileproｄucinglaｒｇｅqｕantｉｔiesｏfCO2,thesｅcｏmpｕtｅrｓｅmitagreａt(yī)deａｌoｆhｅaｔ,sotheｃｅｎｔreｓneｅdtobeweｌｌair－ｃonｄitiｏned，wｈichｕseｓeveｎmoreenｅｒｇy.

Howeveｒ,Gooｇleandotherbigteｃｖiｄersmonitｏrtheireｆｆicieｎcycloselyanｄmaｋeimpｒｏvemｅnts.Moniｔoringｉｓthefirｓtｓｔepｏnｔheroadtorｅduction,ｂuttheｒeismuｃｈtobedone,ａnｄnoｔjustbybigcoｍｐanies.

參考答案

從全球范圍來看，有誰會(huì)想到IT行業(yè)釋放的溫室氣體與全球航空公司產(chǎn)生的同樣多呢?它大約占總二氧化碳總排量的2％。

許多平常工作對(duì)環(huán)境導(dǎo)致了令人震驚的破壞。根據(jù)每次你搜索并得到對(duì)的答案的嘗試次數(shù)，谷歌會(huì)排放0.2至7克的二氧化碳。為了迅速將結(jié)果傳遞給用戶，谷歌在全球設(shè)立了大量充斥著能量巨大的電腦的數(shù)據(jù)中心。這些電腦在排放大量二氧化碳的同時(shí),也產(chǎn)生大量的能量。因此,這些數(shù)據(jù)中心需要良好的空調(diào)降溫,這又會(huì)同時(shí)產(chǎn)生大量的能量。

然而,谷歌和其他技術(shù)提供商嚴(yán)密檢測(cè)他們的效果并不斷進(jìn)行改善。監(jiān)控是減排的第一步,但這仍任重道遠(yuǎn),且不僅只由大公司來承擔(dān)。

小作文參考答案

【版本１】

ＤeaｒLiMing,

ＷeareveryｈappyｔｏknoｗthaｔyouhavesuccessfｕllypassedtｈecoｌleｇeentranceexａminatｉoｎthｉsｙeaｒandhavebeｅnａｄmｉtteｄｉntoPeking

Youhavｅaｌlalongｂｅｅnworkiｎgharｄaｔｙoｕｒprofｅｓsｉoｎaｌstudiｅs，aｎｄyouaｒeeｘcｅllentinmosｔsubjeｃｔs.Ｙourｓｕcceｓsｓｈｏwsthatonｌｙｈaｒｄwoｒｋｃaｎｙieldｇoodresuｌts，soＩｓuggesttｈatyouｓhouldｍakeaｇrｅaｔprｏgreｓsｉnｕnivｅrsityｌiｆｅ.

Weｔaketｈisｏppｏrtｕｎｉtytoeｘprｅｓｓourｂestｗｉsｈestoyou.Wishyougrｅatｅraｃhievｅmentｓｉnyｏurcollｅgeｅｄucation.

Ｙouｒｓsiｎcｅrelｙ,ZｈanｇWei

【版本２】

DearMing,

Ｃｏng