腦科學(xué)專業(yè)術(shù)語中英對(duì)照

小世界網(wǎng)絡(luò)(small-worldnetwork)無標(biāo)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)(scale-freenetwork)隨機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(randomnetwork)規(guī)則網(wǎng)絡(luò)(regularnetwork)無向網(wǎng)絡(luò)(undirectednetwork)加權(quán)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(weightednetwork)圖論(Graphtheory)鄰接矩陣(adjacencymatrix)結(jié)構(gòu)性腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)(structuralbrainnetworks或anatomicalbrainnetworks)功能性腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)(functionalbrainnetworks)因效性腦網(wǎng)絡(luò)(effectivebrainnetworks)感興趣腦區(qū)(regionofinterest，ROI)血氧水平依賴(BOLD，bloodoxygenationleveldepended)體素(voxel)自發(fā)低頻震蕩(spontaneouslow-frequencyfluctuations，LFF)默認(rèn)功能網(wǎng)絡(luò)(defaultmodenetwork，DMN)大范圍皮層網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Large-scalecorticalnetwork)效應(yīng)連接(effectiveconnectivity)網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析工具箱(GraphAnalysisToolbox,GAT)自動(dòng)解剖模板(automaticanatomicaltemplate，AAL)技術(shù)：腦電圖(electroencephalogram,EEG)腦磁圖(magnetoencephalogram,MEG)功能磁共振成像(Functionalmagneticresonanceimaging,fMRI)彌散張量成像(DiffusionTensorImaging,DTI)彌散譜成像(diffusionspectrumimaging，DSI)細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)量化映射(quantitativecytoarchitecturemapping)正電子發(fā)射斷層掃描(PET,positronemissontomography)精神疾病：阿爾茨海默癥(Alzheimer'sdisease，AD)癲癇(epilepsy)精神分裂癥(Schizophrenia)抑郁癥(majordepression)單側(cè)注意缺失(UnilateralNeglect)輕度認(rèn)知障礙(mildcognitiveimpairment,MCI)正常對(duì)照組(normalcontrol,NC)MMSE(Mini-mentalstateexamination)簡易精神狀態(tài)檢查量表CDR(Clinicdementiarating)臨床癡呆量表指標(biāo)：邊(link，edge)節(jié)點(diǎn)(vertex或node)節(jié)點(diǎn)度(degree)區(qū)域核心節(jié)點(diǎn)(provincialhub)度分布(degreedistribution)節(jié)點(diǎn)強(qiáng)度(nodestrength)最短路徑長度(shortestpathlength)特征路徑長度(characteristicpathlength)聚類系數(shù)(clusteringcoefficient)中心度(centrality)度中心度(degreecentrality)介數(shù)中心度(betweennesscentrality)連接中樞點(diǎn)(connectorhub)局部效率(localefficiency)全局效率(globalefficiency)相位同步(phasesynchronization)連接密度(connectiondensity/cost)方法：互相關(guān)分析(cross-correlationanalysis)因果關(guān)系分析(Causalityanalysis)直接傳遞函數(shù)分析(DirectedTransferFunction，DTF)部分定向相干分析(PartialDirectedCoherence，PDC)多變量自回歸建模(multivariateautoregressivemodel，MVAR)獨(dú)立成分分析(independentcomponentanalysis，ICA)同步似然性(synchronizationlikelihood,SL)結(jié)構(gòu)方程建模(structuralequationmodeling,SEM)動(dòng)態(tài)因果建模(dynamiccausalmodeling,DCM)心理生理交互作用模型(Psychophysiologicalinteractionmodel)非度量多維定標(biāo)(non-metricmultidimensionalscaling)體素形態(tài)學(xué)(voxel-basedmorphometry,VBM)統(tǒng)計(jì)參數(shù)映射(statisticalparametricmapping，SPM)皮爾遜相關(guān)系數(shù)(Pearsoncorrelation)偏相關(guān)系數(shù)(Partialcorrelation)DTI指標(biāo)：MD(Meandiffusivity)平均擴(kuò)散率ADC(Apparentdiffusioncoefficient)表觀彌散系數(shù)FA(Fractionalanisotropy)部分各向異性DCavg(Averagediffusioncoefficient)平均彌散系數(shù)RA(Relativeanisotropy)相對(duì)各項(xiàng)異性VR(Volume