2015年考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案

2015年考研英語(yǔ)二真題及答案SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext。Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDonANSWERSHEET1(10points)Inourcontemporaryculture，theprospectofcommunicatingwith-orevenlookingat-astrangerisvirtuallyunbearableEveryonearoundusseemstoagreebythewaytheyfiddlewiththeirphones，evenwithouta1undergroundItsasadreality-ourdesiretoavoidinteractingwithotherhumanbeings-becausetheres2tobegainedfromtalkingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldntknowit，3intoyourphone.Thisuniversalarmorsendsthe4：Pleasedontapproachme.Whatisitthatmakesusfeelweneedtohide5ourscreens?Oneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonWortmann,executivementalcoachWefearrejection，orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe6ascreep,WefearweIIbe7WefearweIIbedisruptiveStrangersareinherently8tous，sowearemorelikelytofeel9whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsandacquaintancesToavoidthisanxiety,we10toourphones.Phonesbecomeoursecurityblanket，Wortmannsays.Theyareourhappyglassesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore11.Butonceweripoffthebandaid，tuckoursmartphonesinourpocketsandlookup，itdoesnt12sobad.Inone2011experiment，behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederaskedcommuterstodotheunthinkable:Starta13.TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalktotheirfellow14.WhenDr.EpleyandMs.Schroederaskedotherpeopleinthesametrainstationto15howtheywouldfeelaftertalkingtoastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir16wouldbemorepleasantiftheysatontheirown,theNewYorkTimessummarizes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidntexpectapositiveexperience,afterthey17withtheexperiment,notasinglepersonreportedhavingbeensnubbed.18,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosesanscommunication,whichmakesabsolutesense,19humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.Itsthat20:Talkingtostrangerscanmakeyoufeelconnected.1.[A]ticket[B]permit[C]signall[D]record1

2.[A]nothing[B]link[C]another[D]much3.[A]beaten[B]guided[C]plugged[D]brought4.[A]message[B]cede[C]notice[D]sign5.[A]under[B]beyond[C]behind[D]from6.[A]misinterprete[B]misapplied[C]misadjusted[D]mismatched7.[A]fired[B]judged[C]replaced[D]delayed8.[A]unreasonable[B]ungreatful[C]unconventional[D]unfamiliar9.[A]comfortable[B]anxious[C]confident[D]angry10.[A]attend[B]point[C]take[D]turn11.[A]dangerous[B]mysterious[C]violent[D]boring12.[A]hurt[B]resis[C]bend[D]decay13.[A]lecture[B]conversation[C]debate[D]negotiation14.[A]trainees[B]employees[C]researchers[D]passengers15.[A]reveal[B]choose[C]predictl[D]design16.[A]voyage[B]flight[C]walk[D]ride17.[A]wentthrough[B]didaway[C]caughtup[D]putup18.[A]Inturn[B]Inparticular[C]Infact[D]Inconsequence19.[A]unless[B]since[C]if[D]whereas20.[A]funny[B]simple[C]Iogical[D]rareSectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartAText1Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys.Peopleartactuallymorestressedathomethanatwork.Researchersmeasuredpeoplescortntlol.Whichisitatstressmarker.Whiletheywereatworkandwhiletheywereathomeandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaplaceofrefuge.2

Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenaswellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworkthanathome,writesoneoftheresearchers.SarahDamaske,Infactwomensaytheyfeelbetteratwork.Shenotes.itismennotwomen.Whoreportbeingbappicrathomethanatwork,Anothersurpriseisthatthefindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrcnandwithout,butmoresofornonparents.Thisiswhypcoplcwhoworkoutsidethehomehavebetterhealth.Whatthestudydoesntmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingworkwhentheyreathome,whetheritishouseholdworkorworkbroughthomefromtheoffice.Formanymen,theendoftheworkdayisatimetokickback.Forwomenwhostayhome,theynevergettoleavetheoffice.Andforwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome,theyoftenareplayingcatch-up-with-householdtasks.Withtheblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworkplaceinmakingadjustmentsforworkingwomen,itsnotsurprisingthatwomenaremorestressedathome.Butitsnotjustagenderthing.Atwork,peopleprettymuchknowwhattheyresupposedtobedoing:working,makingmoney,doingthetaskstheyhavetodoinordertodrawanincome.Thebargainisverypure:Employeeputsinhoursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola.Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Therearealotoftaskstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhomecolleagues-yourfamily-havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabor;theyneedtobetalkedintoit,oriftheyreteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalofallelectronicdevices.Plus,theyreyourfamily.Youcannotfireyourfamily.Youneverreallygettogohomefromhome.Soitsnotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyarethetasksapparentlyinfinite,theco-workersaremuchhardertomotivate.21.AccordingtoParagraph1，mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome[A]wasanunrealisticplaceforrelaxation[B]generatedmorestressthantheworkplace[C]wasanidealplaceforstressmeasurement[D]offeredgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace22.AccordingtoDamaske，whoarelikelytobethehappiestathome?3

[A]Workingmothers[B]Childlesshusbands[C]Childlesswives[D]Workingfathers23Theblurringofworkingwomensrolesreferstothefactthay[A]theyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives[B]theirhomeisalsoaplaceforkickingback[C]thereisoftenmuchhouseworkleftbehind[D]itisdifficultforthemtoleavetheiroffice24.Thewordmoola(Line4，4)mostprobablymeans[A]energy[B]skills[C]earnings[D]nutrition25.Thehomefrontdiffersfromtheworkplaceinthat[A]homeishardlyacozierworkingenvironment[B]divisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cut[C]householdtasksaregenerallymoremotivating[D]familylaborisoftenadequatelyrewardedText2Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreatedadoxinthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas4

continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthancloseachievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalSciense.Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindinsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegreeMostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants，afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed，whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswitatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegreeTheirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact-wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudentsTheycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.Manyfirst-generationstudentsstruggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation，learntherulesofthegame，andtakeadvantageofcollegeresources,theywriteAndthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollagesdonttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudentsBecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudentseducationalexperience，manyfirst-generationstudentslacksightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove26.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas[A]reducedtheirdropoutrates[B]narrowedtheachievementgao[C]misseditsoriginalpurpose[D]depressedcollegestudents27Theauthoroftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause[A]theproblemissolvable5

[B]theirapproachiscostless[qtherecruitingratehasincreased[D]theirfindingappealtostudents28Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudents[A]studyatprivateuniversities[B]arefromsingle-parentfamilies[qareinneedoffinancialsupport[D]havefailedtheircollage29.Theauthorofthepaperbelievethatfirst-generationstudents[A]areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgap[B]canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudents[C]maylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojects[D]areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege30.Wemayinferfromthelastgraphthat[A]universitiesoftenr~ectthecultureofthemiddle-class[B]studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresources[C]socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiences[D]collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestionText3Evenintraditionaloffices，thelinguafrancaofcorporateAmericahasgottenmuchmoreemotionalandmuchmoreright-brainedthanitwas20yearsago，saidHarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorNancyKoehnShestartedspinningoffexamples.IfyouandIparachutedbacktoFortune500companiesin1990，wewouldseemuchlessfrequentuseoftermslikeJourney,mission,passion.Thereweregoals，therewerestrategies，thereweretives，butwedidnttalkaboutenergy；wedidnttalkaboutpassion.6

Koehnpointedoutthatthisneweraofcorporatevocabularyisveryteam-oriented-andnotbycoincidence.LetsnotforgetsDorts-inmale-dominatedcorporateAmerica，itsstillabigdeal.Itsnotexplicitlyconscious；itstheideathatImacoach，andyouremyteam，andwereinthistogethec.TherearelotsandlotsofCEOsinverydifferentcompanies，butmostthinkofthemselvesascoachesandthisistheirteamandtheywanttowin.Thesetermsarealsointendedtoinfuseworkwithmeaning-and，asKhuranapointsout，increaseallegiancetothefirm.Youhavetheimportationofterminologythathistoricallyusedtobeassociatedwithnon-profitorganizationsandreligiousorganizations：Termslikevision，values，passion，andpurpose，saidKhuranaThisnewfocusonpersonalfulfillmentcanhelpkeepemployeesmotivatedamidincreasinglylouddebatesoverwork-lifebalanceThemommywarsofthe1990sarestillgoingontoday,promptingargumentsaboutwhywomenstillcanthaveitallandbookslikeSherylSandbergsLeanIn，whosetitlehasbecomeabuzzwordinitsownright.Termslikeunplug，offline，life-hack，bandwidth，andcapacityareallaboutsettingboundariesbetweentheofficeandthehomeButifyourworkisyourpassion,youIIbemorelikelytodevoteyourselftoit，evenifthatmeansgoinghomefordinnerandthenworkinglongafterthekidsareinbedButthisseemstobetheironyofofficespeak：Everyonemakesfunofit，butmanagersloveit，companiesdependonit，andregularpeoplewillinglyabsorbitAsNunbergsaid，Youcangetpeopletothinkitsnonsenseatthesametimethatyoubuyintoit.Inaworkplacethatsfundamentallyindifferenttoyourlifeanditsmeaningofficespeakcanhelpyoufigureouthowyourelatetoyourwork-andhowyourworkdefineswhoyouare31.AccordingtoNancyKoehn,officelanguagehasbecome[A]moreemotional[B]moretive[C]lessenergetic[D]lessenergetic[E]lessstrategic32.team-orientedcorporatevocabularyiscloselyrelatedto[A]historicalincidents[B]genderdifference[C]sportsculture7

[D]athleticexecutives33.Khuranabelievesthattheimportationofterminologyaimsto[A]revivehistoricalterms[B]promotecompanyimage[C]fostercorporatecooperation[D]strengthenemployeeloyalty34.ItcanbeinferredthatLeanIn[A]voicesforworkingwomen[B]appealstopassionateworkaholics[C]triggersdcbatesamongmommies[D]praisesmotivatedemployees35.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutofficespeak?[A]Managersadmireitbutavoidit[B]Linguistsbelieveittobenonsense[C]Companiesfindittobefundamental[D]RegularpeoplemockitbutacceptitText4Manypeopletalkedofthe288,000newjobstheLaborDepartmentreporledforJure,alongwiththedropintheunemploymenttaketo6Jpercent.atgoodnews.Andtheywereright.Fornowitappearstheeconomyiscreatingjobsatadecentpace.Westillhavealongwaytogotogetbacktofullemployment,butatleastwearenowfinallymovingforwardatafasterpace.Howeverthereisanotherimportantpartofthejobspicturethatwastargelyovedookcd.Therewasabigjumpinthenumberofpeoplewhoreportvoluntarilyworkingpart-time.Thisfigureisnow830,000（4,4percent）aboveitsyearagolevel.BeforeexplainingtheconnectiontotheObamacare,itisworthmakinganimportantdistinction.Manypeoplewhoworkpart-timejobsactuallywantfull-timejobs.Theytakepart-timeworkbecausethisisalltheycanget.An8

increaseininvoluntarypart-timeworkisevidenceofweaknessinthelabormarketanditmeansthatmanypeoplewillbehavingaveryhardtimemakingendsmeet.Therewasanincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeinJune,butthegeneraldirectionhasbeendown.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentisstillfarhigherthanbeforetherecession,butitisdownby640,000(7.9percent)fromitsyearagolevel.Weknowthedifferencebetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntarypart-timeemploymentbecausepeopletellus.ThesurveyusedbytheLaborDepartmentaskspeopleiftheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthereferenceweek.Iftheanswerisyes.theyareclassifiedasworkingpart-time.Thesurveythenaskswhethertheyworkedlessthan35hoursinthatweekbecausetheywantedtoworklessthanfulltimeorbecausetheyhadnochoice.Theyareonlyelassifiedasvoluntarypart-timeworkersiftheytellthesurveytakertheychosetoworklessthan35hoursaweek.Theissueofvoluntarypart-timerelatestoObamacarebecanseoneofthemainpurposeswastoallowpeopletogetinsuranceoutsideofemployment.Formanypeople,especiallythosewithserioushealthconditionsorfamilymrswithserioushealthconditions,beforeObamacaretheonlywaytogetinsurancewasthroughajobthatprovidedhealthinsurance.However,Obamacarehasallowedmorethan12millionpeopletoeithergetinsurancethroughMedicaidortheexchanges.Thesearepeoplewhomaypreviouslyhavefelttheneedtogetafull-timejobthatprovidedinsuranceinordertocoverthemselvesandtheirfamilies.WithObamacarethereisnolongeralinkbetweenemploymentandinsurance.36.Whichpartofthejobspicturewasneglected?A.Theprospectofathrivingjobmarket.B.Theincreaseofvoluntarypart-timejobs.C.Thepossibilityoffullemployment.D.Theaccelerationofjobcreation.37.Manypeopleworkpart-timebecausetheyA.preferpart-timejobstofull-timejobsB.feelthatisenoughtomakeendsmeetC.cannotgettheirhandsonfull-timejobs9

D.haventseentheweaknessofthemarket38.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentintheUSA.ishardertoacquirethanoneyearagoB.showsageneraltendencyofdeclineC.satisfiestherealneedofthejoblessD.islowerthanbeforetherecession39.ItcanbelearnedthatwithObamacare,.A.itisnolongereasyforpart-timerstogetinsuranceB.employmentisnolongerapreconditiontogetinsuranceC.itisstillchallengingtogetinsuranceforfamilymrsD.full-timeemploymentisstillessentialforinsurance40.Thetextmainlydiscusses.A.employmentintheUSB.part-timerclassificationC.insurancethroughMedicaidD.ObamacarestroubleSomeOldTruthstoHelpYouOvercorneToucghTimesUefortunately,lifeisnotabedofroses,Wearegoingthroughlifefacingsadexperiences.Moreover,wearegrievingvariouskindsofloss:afriendship,arontanticrelatlonshlpofahouse.Hardtimesmayholdyoudownatwhatusuallyseemslikethemostinopportunetime,butyoushouldremrthattheywontlastforever.Whenourtimeofmourningisover,wepressforward,strongerwithagreaterunderstandingandrespectforlife.Furthermore,theselossesmakeusmatureandeventallymoveastowardfutureopportunitiesforgrowthandhappiness.IwanttosharetheseoldtruthsIvelearnedalongtheway.41.10

Fearisbothusefulandharmful.Thisnormalhumanreactionisusedtoprotectusbysignalingdangerandpreparingustodealwithit.Unfortunately,peoplecreateinnerbarrierswithahelpofexaggeratingfears.Myfavoriteactorwillsmithoncesaid,Fearisnotreal.Itisaproductofthoughtsyoucreate.Donotmisunderstandme.Dangerisveryreal.Butfearisachoice.Idocompletelyagreethatfearsarejusttheproductofourluxuriantimagination.42.Ifyouarebyand43..Sometimesitiscasytofeelbadbecauseyouaregoingthroughtoughtimes.Youcanbeeasilycaughtupbylifeproblemsthatyouforgettopauseandappreciatethethingsyouhave.Onlystrongpeopleprefertosmileandvaluetheirlifeinsteadofcryingandcomplainingaboutsomething.44..Nomatterhowisolatedyoumightfeelandhowseriousthesituationis,youshouldalwaysremrthatyouarenotalone.Trytokeepinmindthatalmosteveryonerespectsandwantstohelpyouifyouaretryingtomakeagoodchangeinyourlife,especiallyyourdearestandnearestpeople,Youmayhaveacircleoffriendswhoprovideconstantgoodhumor,helpandcompanionship.Ifyouhavenofriendsorrelatives.Trytoparticipateinseveralonlinecommunities,fullofpeoplewhoarealwayswillingtoshareadviceandcncouragement.45.Todaymanypeoplefinditdifficulttotrusttheirownopinionandseekbalancebygainingtivityfromexternalsources.Thiswayyoudevalueyouropinionandshowthatyouareincapableofmanagingyourofownlife.Whenyouarestrugglingtoachievesomethingimportantyoushouldbelieveinyourselfandbesurethatyourdecisionisthebest.Youliveinyourskin,thinkyourownthoughts,haveyourownvaluesandmakeyourownchoices.SectionⅢTranslation46.TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)Thinkaboutdrivingaroutethatsveryfamiliar.Itcouldbeyourcommutetowork,atripintotownorthewayhome.Whicheveritis,youknoweverytwistandturnlikethebackofyourhand.Onthesesortsoftripsitseasytoloseconcentrationonthedrivingandpaylittleattentiontothepassingscenery.Theconsequenceisthatyouperceivethatthetriphastakenlesstimethanitactuallyhas.11

Thisisthewell-travelledroadeffect:peopletendtounderestimatethetimeittakestotravelafamiliarroute.Theeffectiscausedbythewayweallocateourattention.Whenwetraveldownawell-knownroute,becausewedonthavetoconcentratemuch,timeseemstoflowmorequickly.Andafterwards,whenwecometothinkbackonit,wecantremrthejourneywellbecausewedidntpaymuchattentiontoit.Soweassumeitwasshorter.SectionⅣWritingPartA47.Direerions:Supposeyouruniversityisgoingtohostasummercampforhighschoolstudents.Writeanoticeto1)brieflyintroducethecampactivities,and2)callforvolunteers.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyournameorthenameofyouruniversity.Donotwriteyouraddress.(10points)PartB48.Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,yourshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomment.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.2015考研英語(yǔ)二答案完型填空題1.Csignal2.Dmuch3.Cplugged4.Amessage5.Cbehind126.Amisinterpreted7.Bjudged8.Dunfamiliar9.Banxious10.Dturn11.Adangerous12.Ahurt13.Bconversation14.Dpassengers15.Cpredict16.Dride17.Awentthrough18.Cinfact19.Bsince20Bsimple閱讀題答案Text1答案21.Dofferedgreaterrelaxationthantheworkplace22.Bchildlesshusbands23.Atheyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives24.Cearnings25.Bdivisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cutText2答案26.Cmissitsoriginalpurpose27.Atheproblemissolvable28.Careinneedoffinancialsupport29.Dareinexperiencedinhandlingissuesatcollege30.DcollegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestionText3答案31.Amoreemotional1332.Csportsculture33.Dstrengthenemployeeloyalty34.Avoicesforworkingwomen35.CcompaniesfindittobefundamentalText436.Btheincreaseofvoluntarypart-timejobs37.Ccannotgettheirhandsonfull-timejobs38.Bshowsageneraltendencyofdecline39.Bempolymentisnolongerapreconditiontogetinsureance40.A閱讀新題型41.DMostofyourfearsareunreal42.EThinkaboutthe[resentmoment43.GTherearemanythingstobegratefulfor44.AYouarenotalone45.CPaveyourownuniquepath翻譯題回想一下這樣的經(jīng)歷：開(kāi)車行駛在一條非常熟悉的道路上。這可能是你每天上下班的必經(jīng)之路，可能是進(jìn)城的旅行，亦或是回家的道路。不管是哪一種，你都了解每一個(gè)屈折拐彎之處，就像熟悉自己手背上的紋路一樣。在這些所有類型的旅途中，很容易失去駕車的注意力，并且?guī)缀醪蛔⒁庋赝镜娘L(fēng)景。結(jié)果，比起這段路途實(shí)際需要的時(shí)間，你的感覺(jué)是花費(fèi)的時(shí)間更少。這就是經(jīng)常這種效應(yīng)是由于我們分配注意力的為我們不是非得注意太多，時(shí)間似乎流逝得更快。然后，當(dāng)我們回們沒(méi)有花費(fèi)太多的注意力，因此我們對(duì)之記憶地不太清楚，所以我們認(rèn)為這旅行線路效應(yīng)：人們往往低估了花費(fèi)在一條熟悉的路線上的時(shí)間。。當(dāng)我們旅行一條非常著名的路線時(shí)，因憶起這段旅程時(shí)，因?yàn)槲叶温眯懈鼮槎掏痉绞揭鸬淖魑腜ARTA【參考范文1】Notice14Inordertoenrichhighschoolstudents’lifeinsummerholidayandexpandthereputationofouruniversity,theStudentsUnionaregoingtohostasummercampinourschoolcampusandvolunteersareneeded.Thedetailsaboutthissummercampandvolunteerrecruitmentarelistedasfollows.Firstly,thesummercampwillbeginonSeptember1standitwilllastfortendays.Secondly,the