基礎(chǔ)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法單詞

8/8Unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)單詞swimv.-swims-swimmingdancev.-dances-dancingdrawv.-draws-drawingspeakv.-speaks-speakingspeak+某種語(yǔ)言say+說(shuō)話內(nèi)容talkwith/tosb.與某人交談talkaboutsth談?wù)撽P(guān)于某事tell告訴；講述story-stories(復(fù)數(shù))writev.-writes-writingdrum(playthedrums)people集合名詞homeadv.不加冠詞，athome在家makev.-makes-makingteachv.-teaches-teachingmusician-musicians(復(fù)數(shù))詞組play+the+樂(lè)器playtheguitar/drumsplay+球類/棋類playchess/soccerjointheswimmingclubjointhestorytellingclub加入講故事俱樂(lè)部begoodat+ing擅長(zhǎng)做某事begoodwith……善于應(yīng)付……begoodfor對(duì)...有好處dokungfu練功夫tellastory/tellstories講故事tellsb.todo告訴某人做某事makefriends交朋友helpsb.withsth.在某方面幫助某人helpsb.(to)do幫助某人做某事ontheweekend=onweekends在周末teachsb.sth.教某人某事speakEnglish說(shuō)英語(yǔ)sayitinEnglish用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)它anEnglish-speakingstudent一個(gè)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生句子（語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)）Can情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形，“能夠；可以”句型如下：肯定句:主語(yǔ)+can+動(dòng)詞原形+其他e.g.Icanplaythedrums.否定句:主語(yǔ)+can’t/cannot/cannot+動(dòng)詞原形+其他e.g.Hecan’tsing.一般疑問(wèn)句：-Can+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？-Yes，主語(yǔ)+can./No,主語(yǔ)+can’t.e.g.-Canyouswim?-Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.4.特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)句+can+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他？e.g.Whatcanyoudo?四、范文假如你叫Tony，你希望加入你們學(xué)校的音樂(lè)俱樂(lè)部。請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示，寫一封電子郵件DearMrBrown,I'mwritingthise-mailtoyoubecauseIwanttojointhemusicclub.MynameisTony.I'm12yearsold.I'minClass4.IcanplaytheguitarandIamgoodatplayingtheguitar.Icanalsosinganddance.Ioftensinganddanceatmyfriends'parties.Pleasecallmeat287-3859ore-mailmeattony@.TonyUnit2知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納◆短語(yǔ)歸納1.getdressed穿上衣服 2.takeashower洗淋浴--散步takeawalk 3.brushteeth刷牙--brushes 4.run--running5.job可數(shù)（agoodjob）work不可數(shù)（muchwork）+動(dòng)詞（Heworksatastore）6.exercise動(dòng)詞：鍛煉（Heexerciseseveryday.）名詞:不可數(shù):鍛煉(doexercise)可數(shù)：練習(xí)題;一套動(dòng)作（domorning/eye/mathexercises）7.dohomework(不可數(shù))8.eatquickly吃得快（副詞修飾動(dòng)詞）9.either…or…要么…要么…(就近原則）--Eitheryouorheis(be)right.either：也（句末。區(qū)分too;also）lotsof=alotof許多，大量+可復(fù)/不可數(shù)名詞11.Ittastesdelicious.taste感官系動(dòng)詞+adj.12.belatefor=arrivelatefor遲到13.atnight在晚上inthemorning/afternoon/evening（on+具體早中晚）◆知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納1.whattime和when引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。(1)對(duì)時(shí)間點(diǎn)提問(wèn)用whattime/when;whattime只詢問(wèn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，when還可詢問(wèn)日期、月份、年份。(2)What'sthetime?=Whattimeisit?現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了？2.時(shí)刻表達(dá)法：整點(diǎn)法、順讀法和逆讀法。分類用法舉例整點(diǎn)法整點(diǎn)，可用“整點(diǎn)數(shù)+o’clock”表示，可省略。It’sfiveo’clock./It’sfive.順讀法“先時(shí)后分”，先讀整點(diǎn)數(shù)，再讀分鐘數(shù)，都用基數(shù)詞來(lái)讀。遇到數(shù)字0,讀字母o的讀音//.6:30讀作sixthirty2:58讀作twofifty-eight4:05讀作fouro//five.逆讀法a.分鐘數(shù)小于30，用“分鐘數(shù)+past+整點(diǎn)數(shù)”表示；b.分鐘數(shù)為30時(shí)，用“halfpast+整點(diǎn)數(shù)”表示；c.分鐘數(shù)超過(guò)30，用“60減去分?jǐn)?shù)+to+下一個(gè)整數(shù)點(diǎn)”表示。d.分鐘數(shù)是15時(shí)，可用aquarter表示。8:10讀作tenpasteight1:30讀作halfpastone5:56讀作fourpastsix10:15讀作aquarterpastten5:45讀作aquartertosix頻率副詞：always總是>usually通常>often常常>sometime有時(shí)＞never從不位于be動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞之后；實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前watch+TV、球賽“觀看，觀賞”see+電影、醫(yī)生“看見(jiàn)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的結(jié)果。look“看”，強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作，lookat后接賓語(yǔ)read+書刊、雜志“閱讀”goto+地點(diǎn)名詞如：gotoschool/work/bedgo+地點(diǎn)副詞如：gohome/there/here作文：假設(shè)你的名字叫李力，下面是你一天的主要活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)以“MyDay”為題，根據(jù)提示向大家介紹你的活動(dòng)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。詞數(shù)50詞左右，要求語(yǔ)句通順，有條理性。7:00a.m.getup7:30a.m.gotoschool8:30a.m.haveclasses6:00p.m.dohomework8:30p.m.gotobedMyDayMynameisLiLiandI’mastudent.lamverybusyeveryday.Iusuallygetupat7:00a.m.andgetdressedat7:05inthemorning.ThenIhavebreakfast.Ioftengotoschoolat7:30.Iusuallywalktoschool.At8:30a.m.,wehaveourclasses.Everydaywehavesixclasses.Afterschoollgohome.Idomyhomeworkat6:00p.m.thenIhaveanapplefordinner.Igotobedat8:30intheevening.Thisismyday.Whataboutyou?Unit3知識(shí)梳理◆短語(yǔ)歸納1.gettoschool到達(dá)學(xué)校gethome到家2.rideabike騎自行車=bybike3.fromhometoschool從家到學(xué)校4.bybike騎自行車=rideabike

5.thinkof認(rèn)為

6.between…and…在…和…之間7.an11-year-oldboy一個(gè)11歲的男孩Heis11yearsold.他11歲。8.walk=onfoot步行9.cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn)

(Hisdreancancometrue.)10.cross(es)theriver11.goonaropeway乘鐵索12.基數(shù)詞+hundred--fivehundred五百hundredsof成百上千的13.Thevillage(村莊)hasmanyvillagers(村民).14.beafraid害怕15.therearesomebridges有一些橋16.leavesp離開(kāi)某地leavesthsp把...落在某地17.Heislikeafathertome.(像)◆用法集萃1.Howdo/doessb.getto…?某人是怎樣到…的？(如果是home,there,here則不加to)2.take+the+交通工具to某地.=goto某地.by+交通工具乘…去…on+the/a/形物代+bus/subway/bikein+the/a/形物代+car/taxiItakethebustoschool=Igotoschoolbybus.

=Igotoschoolonabus.--Howfarisitfrom…to…?從…到…有多遠(yuǎn)？(提問(wèn)距離)--It’s+距離/直接回答距離。--Howlongdoesittake(sb.)todosth.?…花費(fèi)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？（提問(wèn)時(shí)間）--Ittakes+時(shí)間/直接回答時(shí)間

.5.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。

6.Itis+adj.+todosth.做某事是…7.Thanksfor+n./v-ing感謝你（做）某事。

8.It’sone’sdreamtodosth.做某事是某人的夢(mèng)想

9.It’sfiveminutes’walkfromheretoschool.(對(duì)劃線提問(wèn)你走路還是騎自行車◆范文：ZhangJingismygoodfriend.ShestudiesinQingdao.Herhomeisaboutfivekilometersfromschool.Sheusuallyridesherbiketoschoolandittakesherabouttwentyminutes.Butwhenitrains,shegoestoschoolbytaxi.Ittakesheronlyfiveminutes.Herfatherandmotherbothworkinahospital.It'sfifteenkilometersfromtheirhometothehospital.Theytakeacartowork.Ittakesthemabouttwentyminutes.Howaboutyourfriends?Unit4知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)短語(yǔ)1.arrive到達(dá)arriveat+小地點(diǎn)（school）arrivein+大地點(diǎn)（Beijing）getto+地點(diǎn)gettoBeijing到達(dá)北京get/arrivehome/there/here2.arrive/belatefor+名詞……遲到(be)ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)3.inthehallways在走廊4.onschoolnights上課期間的晚上5.havetodosth不得不做某事（客觀）must必須（主觀意愿）Eg.It’sraining.Ihavetostayathome.Imustdomyhomeworkfirstafterschool.6.toomany+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)“太多”toomanybooks太多的書toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞“太多”toomuchhomework太多的家庭作業(yè)muchtoo+形容詞/副詞“太”muchtootall太高了listentomusic聽(tīng)音樂(lè)listentotheteacherbe/keepquietinthelibrary在圖書館保持安靜bring把從別處帶到說(shuō)話地take把從說(shuō)話地帶去別處10.practicesth./doingsth.練習(xí)某事/做某事11.learntodo學(xué)習(xí)做某事12.leavethedirtydishesinthekitchen把臟盤子落在廚房13.以“ed”結(jié)尾的形容詞修飾人/以“ing”結(jié)尾的形容詞修飾物Eg.relaxed(感到放松的)relaxing（令人放松的）interested（感到有趣的）interesting(有趣的)14.bestrictwithsb.insth.在某方面對(duì)某人嚴(yán)格15.followtherules遵守規(guī)則makerulestohelpus制定規(guī)則幫助我們16.keep保持，保存keepmyhairshort留短發(fā)18.fightwithsb.和某人打架重難點(diǎn)精析祈使句:通常用來(lái)表示命令、請(qǐng)求、禁止、建議、警告等語(yǔ)氣。它的主語(yǔ)you(聽(tīng)話人)通常省略。其構(gòu)成通常有以下幾種形式。1)Be型（即系動(dòng)詞原型be+表語(yǔ)＋其他）。如：Bequiet,please.2)Do型（即系動(dòng)詞原形＋賓語(yǔ)＋其他）。如：Openyoubooks,please.否定句Don’t+be/do+賓語(yǔ)+其他。如：Don’teatintheclassroom.3)Let型（Let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他）如：Letmehelpyou.Let’sgoatsixo’clock.4)No+V-ing型（通常用于公共場(chǎng)合的提示語(yǔ)中，意為“禁止做某事“）如：Nosmoking!嚴(yán)禁吸煙！Notalking!不許交談！Noparking!不許停車范文假如你是Mary，正因?yàn)槟銓W(xué)校的各規(guī)矩而煩惱，請(qǐng)你給你的好朋友Jack寫一封信來(lái)介紹這些規(guī)矩和自己的想法。80詞左右。按時(shí)到校2.不能在教室吃東西3.下課保持安靜4.每天打掃教室5.有太多的作業(yè)DearJack,How’sitgoing?I’mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutmyschoolrules.Therearetoomanyrulesinmyschool！Firstly,Wemustarriveatschoolontime.Andthen,wecan’teatfoodintheclassroom.Afterclass,Wehavetobequietandwealsohavetocleantheclassroomeveryday.Intheevening，wehavetoomuchhomeworktodo.Ifeelterrible,whatcanIdo?Canyouhelpme?Yours,Mary.Unit5知識(shí)梳理短語(yǔ)歸納1.befrom/comefrom來(lái)自于2.getlost=belost=loseone’sway迷路3.beingreatdanger處于（極大）危險(xiǎn)之中4.cut代詞/名詞downcutdown+名詞砍倒cut(cutting)it/themdown5.bemadeof由…制成的（看得出原材料）bemadefrom由…制成的(看不出原材料6.kindof有點(diǎn)kindofinteresting有點(diǎn)有趣akindof一種allkindsof各種各樣的7.befriendly/kindto…對(duì)某人友好8.placeswithfoodandwater有食物和水的地方9.walkontwolegs用兩條腿走10.alot（=verymuch）十分，很11.morethan=over超過(guò)12.a/thesymbolof...…的象征13.forgettodosth忘記去做某事(未做)forgetdoingsth忘記做過(guò)某事(已做)remembertodosth.記住去做某事（未做）rememberdoingsth.記住做過(guò)某事（已做）“oneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。之一做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。OneofmyfriendsisfromChina.15.用法集萃1.回答why開(kāi)頭的句子要用because回答Whydoyoulikepandas?Becausethey’reverycute.注意：在英語(yǔ)中用because不用so，或用so不用because如：BecauseEnglishisveryinteresting,Ilikeit.BecauseEnglishisveryinteresting,soIlikeit.(×)2.Whynot+動(dòng)詞原形=Whydon’tyou+動(dòng)詞原形你為什么不…？Whydon’tyoulikethecat?=Whynotlikethecat?3.Whereareyoufrom？=wheredoyoucomefrom？你來(lái)自哪里4.Whatkindofanimalsdoyoulike？你喜歡哪種動(dòng)物？5.Theycanrememberplaceswithfoodandwater.它們能記得有食物和水的地方6.Peoplekillelephantsfortheirivory.人們殺死大象以獲得象牙。7.Whydon’tyouliketigers?你為什么不喜歡老虎？Becausethey’rereallyscary.因?yàn)樗麄冋娴暮芸膳?。范文Hi,everyone!Hereyoucanseealion.HisnameisQingin.Heis3yearsold.Helikestoeatmeatalot.SomepeoplethinkQinginiskindofscary,butIdon't.Heisveryfriendly.Heisverybeautifulandheisreallysmart.Hecanplaywithballs.Manypeoplecometothezootowatchhisshows.Doyoulikehim?Unit6知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)一、單詞home家--house房子—family家庭（可數(shù)）/家人（集合名詞）miss想念，錯(cuò)過(guò)(三單)＝misses3.delicious可口的4.American（美國(guó)的,美國(guó)人）--America=theUnitedStates=theUSA=theUS美國(guó)5.child兒童=children(復(fù)數(shù))6.man=men(復(fù)數(shù))woman--women7.wish（三單）＝wishes二、短語(yǔ)1.readanewspaper/readnewspapers閱讀報(bào)紙readastory/readstories讀故事2.gotothemovies/gotothecinema看電影watchamovie/seeafilm3.talkonthephone通過(guò)電話交談4.twomenteachers兩個(gè)男老師5.use（using）thecomputer使用電腦6.drinktea=havetea喝茶8.goshopping去購(gòu)物7.DragonBoatFestival端午節(jié)12.like…alot＝like…verymuch非常喜歡13.wishtodosth希望做某事wishsbtodosth.希望某人做某wishsbsth祝愿某人某事15.livewithsb.和某人一起居住liveinsp.居住在某地16.watchtheboatracesonTV在電視上觀看龍舟比賽17.joinsb.fordinner＝havedinnerwithsb.和某人共進(jìn)晚餐19.anyother+名詞單數(shù)除此之外任何一個(gè)any和some（一些）區(qū)別any用在疑問(wèn)句和否定句中some用在肯定句或希望得到對(duì)方肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句中三、句子1.ThisisJenny.當(dāng)打電話時(shí)，介紹自己時(shí)用“Thisis…”或“Itis…”；問(wèn)對(duì)方用“Isthat”或“Whoisthat”2.I’dloveto.我很樂(lè)意，這里的I’d=Iwould(1)交際用語(yǔ)，用于禮貌地接受他人邀請(qǐng)，還可以說(shuō)成I’dliketo.但語(yǔ)氣較弱。(2)當(dāng)委婉拒絕別人的邀請(qǐng)時(shí)，多用I’dloveto.But…或Sorry,I’mafraidIcan'tbecause...(我恐怕不能，因?yàn)椤?現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+be(is/am/are)+doing標(biāo)志詞：now、rightnow、look、listen、atthemoment、thisyear、thesedays、It's+時(shí)刻，Bequiet,Don’tbenoisy;whereissb?。范文假如你叫Jack,給你的好朋友Bob寫一張明信片，介紹照片上你的同學(xué)正在干什么。DearBob, Howareyou?Hereisapictureofmyclassmates.Iwanttotellyouwhattheyaredoinginthepicture.I'mreadingabook.Look!Theboyinpinkismybestfriend,Mike.Heisplayingbasketballwithmyclassmates.Itiseasyforthemtoplaybasketballwell,butIthinkit'sdifficultforme.Johnwithhisfriendsisplayingsoccerontheplayground.MaryandDaveareplayinggames.Ithinkthey'rehavingfun.Ilikemyclassmates.Howaboutyourclassmates?JackUnit7It’sraining!短語(yǔ)1.捎個(gè)口信takeamessageforsb.2.做某事過(guò)得高興haveagreattimedoingsth.3.告訴某人(不)做某事tellsb.(not)todosth.4.給某人回電話callsb.back5.看望我的阿姨visitmyaunt6.很高興去做某事behappytodosth.7.看望一些我的老朋友visitsomeofmyoldfriends8.學(xué)到很多l(xiāng)earnalot9.坐在泳池旁邊sit(sitting)bythepool10.努力學(xué)習(xí)studyhard11.在山上inthemountains12.度假onavacation=onvacations13.給某人寫信writetosb.14.正好適合做某事justrightfordoingsth.15.照相t