人教版高中英語選修六高二(上)期末考試復習資料

Haveyoueverwishedyoucouldpaintaswellasaprofessionalartist?Ifyouwereanartist,whatkindofpictureswouldyoupaint?（這兩個句子都含有虛擬語氣,第一個句子中wish后面的賓語從句運用了虛擬，第二個句子是標準的“if條件句+主句”的虛擬語氣）Unit1ArtIUnit1ArtI.重要短語aimatsth.瞄準aimtodosth.或aimatdoingsth.意欲，企圖做某事withtheaimof帶有的目的beaimedat(doing)sth.旨在…，目的在于；針對...concentrateon=focuson集中agreat/gooddeal大量intheflesh活著的；本人fleshandblood血肉之軀Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,peoplewouldnothavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.（該句是標準的“if條件句+主句”的對過去事實進行虛擬）如果沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)透視法，人們就不可能畫出如此逼真的畫.AmongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingweretheimpressionistswholivedandworkedinParis.（該句為倒裝句，介詞短語among...位于句首，整句進行了完全倒裝。）那些脫離傳統(tǒng)繪畫風格的印象派畫家們在巴黎生活工作.Whenpeoplefirstsawhispaintingstheywereconvincedthattheywerelookingthroughaholeinthewallatarealscene.當人們第一次看到他的畫時，他們確信他們是從墻上的一個孔看一個真實的場面.5.taketheplaceofsb.=replace代替，取代takeone'splacebreakawayfromwouldratherdosthwouldrathersb.didsth.代替，取代；入座；就位脫離，擺脫寧愿做某事寧愿某人做某事（對現(xiàn)在或?qū)磉M行虛擬5.taketheplaceofsb.=replace代替，取代takeone'splacebreakawayfromwouldratherdosthwouldrathersb.didsth.代替，取代；入座；就位脫離，擺脫寧愿做某事寧愿某人做某事（對現(xiàn)在或?qū)磉M行虛擬）wouldrathersb.haddonesth.寧愿某人做某事（對過去進行虛擬）Nowadays,therearescoresofmodernartstyles,butwithouttheImpressionistsmanyofthesepaintingstyleswouldnotexist.（含有wouldrathersb.haddonesth.寧愿某人做某事（對過去進行虛擬）asaconsequence=inconsequence=asaresult結(jié)果asaconsequence=inconsequence=asaresult結(jié)果asaconsequenceof=inconsequenceof=asaresultof由于…的原因inpossessionof擁有…inthepossessionofsb=inone'spossession為某人所擁有ManyartloverswouldrathervisitthissmallartgallerythananyotherinNewYork.在紐約，比起其他藝術館許多藝術愛好者都更樂意參觀這家小型藝術陳列館。Thegardenofthislovelymansionisalsowellworthavisit.take/havepossessionof10.considerdoingconsidersb./sth.tobe/as擁有；占有take/havepossessionof10.considerdoingconsidersb./sth.tobe/as擁有；占有考慮做某事HenryClayFrick,arichNewYorker,diedin1919,leavinghishouse,furnitureandartcollectiontotheAmericanpeople.（橫線部分為現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。）considerthat-clause認為，看待considerit+adj./n.+todosth.11.be(well)worth+n./doing(主動表被動)...considerthat-clause認為，看待considerit+adj./n.+todosth.11.be(well)worth+n./doing(主動表被動)...值得Unit2Poemsconvincesb.ofsthconvincesb.+thatclauseconvincesb.todosth.attempttodosth.使某人信服某事convincesb.ofsthconvincesb.+thatclauseconvincesb.todosth.attempttodosth.使某人信服某事使某人相信…說服某人做某事企圖做某事goover復習，檢查gothrough仔細檢查；從頭到尾看一遍14.ononehandontheotherhand方面14.ononehandontheotherhand方面…另一方面…scoresof許多，大量haveapreferenceforsth.scoresof許多，大量haveapreferenceforsth.更喜歡/偏愛某物appeal(tosb.)forsth為某事(向某人)呼吁appealtosb.todosth.呼吁某人做某事appealtoahighercourt向上級法院上訴sth.appealtosb.某事物對某人有吸引力bycoincidence巧合地betypicalof...是…特有的；是典型的…（sth.）makesensetosb.某事對某人來說有意義，說得通recite/read/explainsth.tosb.給某人背誦/讀/解釋conveyone'semotions表達情感=expressoneself表達自己的思想情感bowto...向鞠躬/屈服stay/situp熬夜takeiteasy=takethingseasy放輕松，別緊張takeone'stime別著急，慢慢來（sb.）runoutofsth.用完，耗盡（及物）（sth.）runout用完（不及物）III.III.練習：一旦有一天我們用完了自然資源，后果將無法設想。（runoutof）他來廣州的目的是要找份更好的工作。（aim）3?如果有可能的話，我會告訴他答案的，但是那時我太忙了。（If）那天他遲到了的原因是因為他生病了。（reason）無論你做出什么樣的決定，我都會支持你。（decision）答案：Oncewerunoutofnaturalresources,theconsequencewillbeunimaginable.HecametoGuangzhouwiththeaimoffindingabetterjob.Ifithadbeenpossible,Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswer,butIwassobusythenThereasonwhyhewaslatetheotherdaywasthathewasill.Whateverdecisionyoumake,I'llsupportyou.Unit3HealthyLifeI.重要短語dueto由于；歸功于be/become/getaddictedto對有癮decideon對做出決定be/become/grow/getaccustomedto（doing）sth.習慣于（做）某事accustomsb./oneselfto（doing）sth.使…適應于（做）某事feellike（doing）想要（做）inspiteof不管；不顧standfor支持；代表get（sb.）into（sth.）陷入；使（某人）染上壞習慣；進入getintotheway/habitofdoingsth.養(yǎng)成做某事的方法/養(yǎng)成做某事的習慣beashamedof/that..為感到慚愧/羞愧beashamedtodosth.羞于做某事takeoff開除/脫衣/起飛/取消/休假quit（doing）sth.停止做某事atrisk處在危險之中attheriskof（doing）sth.處于（做）某事的危險中runtheriskof（doing）sth.冒（做）某事的危險takerisks（arisk）冒險managetodosth.設法做好/設法辦到某事sofar到目前為止（與現(xiàn)在完成時連用）makesure確定；查明；弄明白preventsb.（from）doingsth.阻止某人做某事everytime每次；每當時bedesperateforsth/todosth..急切地想要某物/做某事atthemercyof任…處置；對…無能為力comeintoeffect生效；開始實施takeeffect見效；開始起作用bring/oeffect使生效；實行，實施Eg.Healwaysrunsoutofthemoneybeforepayday.他老是發(fā)工資的日子還沒到就把錢花完了。Timeisrunningout.時間沒了。makeup組成/編造/化妝/彌補/和解bemadeupof=consistof...由組成afewmoreminutes再多幾分鐘bepopularwith...=bewellreceivedby...很受歡迎bebrimfulof=befullof...充滿translateAintoB把A翻譯成Bweekin,weekout一周又一周daybyday一天又一天onandon繼續(xù)不停地bychance/accident碰巧holdon繼續(xù)/別掛斷（電話）holdontosth/doingsth緊緊抓?。槐Ａ簦╯b./sth.）belikelytodosth.有可能=It'slikelythatsb/sthdosthEg.Heislikelytohaveknownthetruth.=It'slikelythathehasknownthetruth.tryout試驗tryon試穿letout泄漏（消息）/發(fā)出（聲音）/釋放（人）/放寬（衣服）lookforwardto盼望teaseatsb取笑別人II.重要句型Therearevariousreasonswhypeoplewritepoetry.Somepoemstellastoryordescribesomethinginawaythatwillgivethereadera.strongimpression.Otherstrytoconveycertainemotions.（劃線的是兩個定語從句；其中reason在從句中作狀語，因此還可以用forwhich來引導或者不用任何詞。way在從句中作主語，因此還可以用whicho）人們寫詩有各種各樣的原因。有些詩是為了敘事，或描敘某事給讀者以強烈的印象。而有些是為了傳達某種感情。Theydelightsmallchildrenbecausetheyhavestrongrhymeandrhythmandhavealotofrepetition.這些童謠能使孩子們快樂，因為它們節(jié)奏感強，又押韻，而且重復多遍。WewouldhavewonifJackhadscoredthatgoal.對過去的虛擬）如果杰克踢進了那個球的話，我們就贏了。ItisnotatraditionalformofEnglishpoetrybutitisverypopularwithEnglishspeakers.它不是英詩的傳統(tǒng)形式，但在說英語的人們中間，這種詩是很流行的。Shouldthetravelerreturn,thisstonewouldutterspeech.（utter:發(fā)出聲音；講，說出）游人歸來石應語。（這是虛擬句型的倒裝；可還原為：Ifthetravelershouldreturn,thisstonewouldutterspeech這類倒裝只限于由if引起的虛擬條件句且僅從句倒裝。）beofnoeffect無效II.重要句型It'samazingthatatmyageIamstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafternoon.感到驚奇吧，像我這樣的年紀，身體健康，能在一個下午騎車跑20公里。IthinkmylongandactivelifemustbeduetothehealthylifeIlive.我想我之所以長壽而且精力充沛，要歸功于我的健康生活。Ididn'tknowitcoulddoterribledamagetoyourheartandlungsorthatitwasmoredifficultforsmokingcouplestobecomepregnant.我不知道抽煙會嚴重損害人的心臟和肺，也不知道吸煙的夫婦的生育能力會下降。NeitherdidIknowthatmycigarettesmokecouldaffectthehealthofnon-smokers.（此句為否定詞neither置于句首的部分倒裝）我更不知道我吸煙還會影響那些不吸煙的人的健康。Iknowitwastimetoquitsmoking.（"It'stimeto..."是個常用句式，意為“是該做…的時候了”請與"It's（high/about）timethatsb.did/shoulddosth."比匕較）我知道該是我戒煙的時候了。IdohopesobecauseIwantyoutoliveaslongandhealthyalifeasIlive.我的確希望這樣，以為我想讓你過上和我一樣長壽而又健康的生活。Everytimeyoufeellikesmokingacigarette,remindyourselfthatyouareanon-smoker.（此句中的everytime為連詞，連接一個時間狀語從句）每次你想吸煙的時候，要提醒自己你是一個不吸煙的人。YoucanhaveHIVinyourbloodforalongtime,buteventuallyitdamagesyourimmunesystemsomuchthatyourbodycannolongerfightdisease.在你的血液里，HIV病毒可以長期存在，但是它最終會使你的免疫系統(tǒng)嚴重受損，以至使你的身體不再能抵抗疾病。ItisonlywhenthediseasehasprogressedtoAIDSthatapersonbeginstolooksick.只有當這種病毒發(fā)長成艾滋病時，人才會顯出病態(tài)。AnyonewhohassexwithapersoninfectedwithHIV/AIDSrisksgettingthevirus.（橫線部分為過去分詞作定語）Unit4GlobalwarmingI.重要短語globalwarming全球氣候變暖greenhouseeffect溫室效應comeabout（不及物動詞短語）發(fā)生，造成comeacross偶遇；穿過comeout出來;出版comeup上來；被提出討論comeupwith追上，趕上；提出cometo結(jié)果達到；蘇醒Whenitcomesto...當談至到...goup上升；增長subscribetosth同意，贊同；訂購subscribesth.捐助；簽署tendtodosth.傾向于做某事tend（to）sb.照顧/照料某人betrappedin...被困在aquantityof/quantitiesof+n.大量的resultin導致…resultfrom原因是…；由…導致asaresult=inconsequence因此asaresultof=inconsequenceof由于…的緣故buildup逐漸建立keepon保持agreat/widerangeof大量的；大范圍的makeadifference有影響；有關系makenodifference對沒有影響；不重要putupwith...忍受as/solongas只要andsoon等等glanceat...很快地看一眼..onthewhole大體上evenif即使，盡管beopposedto（doing）sth.反對（做）某事II.重要句型Thatprobablydoesn'tsoundverymuchtoyouortomebutitisarapidincreasecomparedtomostnaturalchanges.Sohowhasthiscomeaboutanddoesitmatter?這對你我來說很可能是無所謂的，但是跟多數(shù)自然變化相比較而言，這卻是一種快速的增長。那么這種溫度的增長是怎么產(chǎn)生的又會產(chǎn)生什么影響呢？Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmeranditishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.毋庸質(zhì)疑的是地球正在變暖。全球變暖是人為的，而不是隨意的自然現(xiàn)象。Allscientistssubscribetotheviewthattheincreaseintheearth'stemperatureisduetotheburningoffossilfuelslikecoal,naturalgasandoiltoproduceenergy.所有的科學家都贊同這種觀點：人們?yōu)榱松a(chǎn)能量而燃燒化石燃料（如二氧化碳、甲烷、水蒸氣等）從而引起了地球溫度的升高。Withoutthe“greenhouseeffect",theearthwouldbeaboutthirty-threedegreesCelsiuscoolerthanitis.如果沒有這種“溫室效應”，地球的溫度將比現(xiàn)在的溫度還要低33攝氏度左右。Itmeansthatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmospherecausingtheglobaltemperaturetogoup.（causing...是-ing分詞作結(jié)果狀語）這意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中，從而引起全球溫度上升。Theyalsoagreedthatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.他們還贊同正是越來越多地燃燒化石燃料導致了二氧化碳的增加。It'sOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit--ifnot,turnitoff!只要你在使用電氣設備，你便可以把它開著，如果不用就把它關掉！Together,individualsmakeadifference.眾人拾柴火焰高。線部分是過去分詞作狀語）你有沒有想過，與火山、颶風和地震比起來，人類是多么軟弱？Iwasabouttogobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.我剛要再睡，突然我的臥室亮如白晝。線部分是過去分詞作狀語）你有沒有想過，與火山、颶風和地震比起來，人類是多么軟弱？Iwasabouttogobacktosleepwhensuddenlymybedroombecameasbrightasday.我剛要再睡，突然我的臥室亮如白晝。Theothertwoclimbeddownintothecratertocollectsomelavaforlaterstudy,butthisbeingmyfirstexperience.Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.（橫線部分為獨立主格結(jié)構作原因狀語）另外兩人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的巖漿，我是第一次經(jīng)歷這樣的事，所以留在山頂上觀察他們。Havingstudiedvolcanoesnowformorethantwentyyears,Iamstillamazedattheirbeautyaswellastheirpotentialtocausegreatdamage.我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)從事火山研究20多年了，但我仍然驚羨于它們的美麗以及它們潛在的巨大破壞性。Itissaidtthatboy.whohadagreatgiftforlanguageandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople.據(jù)說這個男孩就是滿族人的祖先，他具有語言天賦和很強的說服力。Unit5Thepowerofnatu