江蘇省鹽城市2023屆高三第三次模擬考試-英語含答案解析

鹽城市2023屆高三年級第三次模擬考試英語試題第一局部聽力〔共兩節(jié)，總分值20分〕做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)〔共5小題；每題1分，總分值5分〕聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來答復(fù)有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Watchingamovie.B.Readinganewspaper.C.Makinganadvertisement.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingaboutingeneral?A.Theirbestmemoriesofarelaxingholiday.B.Theirtravellingplansforthesummerholiday.C.Theirfavoritewaysoftravellingaroundtheworld.3.Whenwillthemeetingbegin?A.At3:20.B.At3:40.C.At4:00.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inashop.B.Inarestaurant.C.Intheman’shouse.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shedoesn’tneedtheman’shelp.B.Sheexpectsthemantomovethedesk.C.Shewantstoremovethebooksfromthedesk.第二節(jié)〔共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分〕聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，答復(fù)第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisjob?A.Thebossisreallynice.B.Workmateslookfriendly.C.Workplaceissmallandnoisy.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thebosstoldthemanalltherules.B.Markwillbecomethebossthisyear.C.ThemanwillcooperatewithMark.聽第7段材料，答復(fù)第8、9題。8.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Helosthisstudentvisa.B.Heoftenmakestrouble.C.Heisoftenabsentfromclass.9.Whatistheworstresultoftheman’sbehaviour?A.He’llbesentbackhome.B.He’llhavetorestarthiscourse.C.He’llstayinthepolicestation.聽第8段材料，答復(fù)第10至12題。10.WhatdoesthemanmainlymentionaboutHelen?A.Changesinhercharacter.B.Problemswithteachers.C.Relationshipswithparents.11.Whatdoesthemandecidetodointheend?A.HaveatalkwithHelen.B.TalkwithHelen’sfather.C.SpendmoretimewithHelen.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutHelen?A.Herparentsareverybusy.B.Classmatesdislikeher.C.Teachersworryabouther.聽第9段材料，答復(fù)第13至16題。13.WhatdidNickandMeldowhentheywereyoung?A.Theylearnedtoactatschool.B.Theywenttoliveconcertswiththeirfather.C.Theywereencouragedtoplaymusicbytheirmother.14.WhenwasthebandKrispystarted?A.AfterNickandMelplayedtogether.B.AfterNickbeganstudyingatamusicschool.C.AftertwomusicianssawNickandMelplaying.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthebandinthefirstyear?A.Theyrecordedtwoalbums.B.Theyjoinedamusiccompany.C.Theywerewelcomeintheconcert.16.Whathasdisappointedtheman?A.Parentsforbadethemtojoinacompany.B.Hisillnessdelayedanewalbumrecording.C.Thefirstalbumhassoldunderamillioncopies.聽第10段材料，答復(fù)第17至20題。17.Whatcanbeclearlyaffectedifteenagerslacksleep?A.Theirspirits.B.Theirlong-termhealth.C.Theiracademicperformance.18.Whatistoblameforteenagersnotgettingenoughsleepaccordingtothespeaker?A.Poordiet.B.Lackofexercise.C.Toomuchentertainment.19.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetoteenagerswhohavetroublegettingtosleep?A.Listentomusic.B.Readabook.C.Drinkhotchocolate.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestschoolsshoulddo?A.Startlessonslater.B.Shortentheschoolday.C.Offerclassesintheevenings.第二局部英語知識運用〔共兩節(jié)，總分值35分〕第一節(jié)單項填空〔共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分〕請認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。21.Thomasmade______hisconcernsaboutthechangesthathadbeenintroducedatwork.A.plainB.perfectC.easyD.ambiguous22.Overthelastfourdecades,theChinesepeoplehave______enhancedproductivitythroughhardworkwithafirmspirit.A.roughlyB.merelyC.significantlyD.equally23.—Canyougivemesomeadviceonhowtodealwiththattoughcustomer?—I______toherinsteadoftryingtoexplainoverthephoneifinyourshoes.A.willwriteB.wouldwriteC.weretowriteD.wouldhavewritten24.Myprinterisfiveyearsold,soI’dliketo______itandpurchaseanewoneonline.A.deleteB.retireC.refreshD.declare25.—YoushouldhaveheardTomyesterday?—Sure.He’schargedwithtakingthecarwithouttheowner’s______.A.enquiryB.privilegeC.commandD.consent26.Intermsoftheurbaneffectsofthetechnology,ourcitiesare______forself-drivingcars.A.nowherenearreadyB.nearnowherereadyC.anywherenearreadyD.nearanywhereready27.Isentinmyapplicationthreeweeksagoandthey’reprobablynotgoingtocallmeback.I’mstill______hope,though.A.holdingoutB.workingoutC.figuringoutD.settingout28.Manygraduatesaren’tpreparedforwhatthefuturehas______whentheycomeoutofschool.A.indemandB.ateaseC.atlengthD.instore29.______tofindingwaystomakemusicaccessibletoallchildrenisMs.Thompsonwithatouringcompanyofprofessionalmusicians.A.DevotingB.DevotedC.BeingdevotedD.Havingbeendevoted30.ByDecember2023,thenumberofChinesenetizensreached772million,______753millionsurftheInternetviamobilephones.A.whichB.whoseC.ofwhichD.forwhom31.Manyoflife’sfailuresareexperiencedbypeoplewhodidnotrealizehowclosetheyweretosuccess______theygaveup.A.onceB.whileC.whenD.unless32.Neverthroughouthistoryhasamanwho______alifeofeaseleftanameworthremembering.A.livesB.livedC.wouldliveD.hadlived33.Ifweworkedontheassumption______whatisacceptedastruereallyistrue,thentherewouldbelittlehopeforadvance.A.whereB.ifC.whetherD.that34.It

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nose35.—WallStreetEnglishjustlaunchedanewWeChatlearningplatformandwecantakefreeclasses!—______!Letmehavealook!A.Youdon’tsayB.YouhavegotitC.YouhavemethereD.Youcansaythatagain第二節(jié)完形填空〔共20小題；每題1分，總分值20分〕請認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。StephenHawkingdiesat76today,thedaycoincidingwiththebirthdayofanotherlegendofscience,AlbertEinstein.His36areinastateofdeepshockandhavetweetedthatthedeathofthegreatestscientistis37fortheybelievedthemantobeimmortal.There’sonethingthat’scertainandit’sdeath,38howandwhenitcomesissomethingthatcan’tbeinone’shands.Orcanitbe?LookingathowHawkingsurvivedoverhalfacenturyofbeing39thedeathsentence,thescalesaretippingtowardayes.Andheindeedjustdidn’t40it;hesucceeded.“Howeverdifficultlifemayseem,thereisalwayssomethingyoucandoand41at〞,hesaid.Duringthecourseofhisraredisease,his42tothefieldofphysicsstandsoutmiraculously.Now,whatmadethemanageniusofmind?Wasithis

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orhis43misfortunethatstrengthenedhismind?Hewas44withacripplingdiseaseattheageof21,whichprogressivelydisablestheindividual.Inthe45ofhisgenius,however,fortune46himsincethen.Hisscientificworkgot47andbetter.Theman,whosebodywassofragileandseemedto48hisgenius,nevergaveup.SomeexpertssayperhapsHawkingwas49diagnosedandthisisthereasonofhissurvivingoverhalfacentury.Also,doctorssaythediseasespread50thanitdoesinmostofthepatients,givinghimmoretime.Hawkinghimselfsaid,“Ihavebeenluckythatmyconditionhas51moreslowly.Butitshowsthatoneneednotlose52.〞Hawkingseemedunaffectedbythedrawbackslife53athim.Hecallsallhisaccomplishmentsthatfollowedhisdiseasea54.Heindeedisauniqueexampleoftwomindpowers55—anastonishingwillpowerandastrongsenseofdetermination.Thesetwohelpedhimfightagainstallodds.36.A.ancestorsB.doctorsC.opponentsD.followers37.A.unavoidableB.unreasonableC.unbelievableD.unpredictable38.A.orB.butC.soD.for39.A.handedoverB.turnedoverC.takenoverD.runover40.A.shareB.controlC.changeD.survive41.A.succeedB.wonderC.pointD.laugh42.A.explanationB.distributionC.contributionD.attention43.A.mentalB.emotionalC.financialD.physical44.A.infectedB.occupiedC.diagnosedD.concerned45.A.respectB.eventC.faceD.name46.A.trickedB.favoredC.rejectedD.abandoned47.A.thickerB.tougherC.simplerD.lighter48.A.corruptB.failC.spotD.strike49.A.preciselyB.entirelyC.luckilyD.wrongly50.A.easierB.harderC.slowerD.quicker51.A.evolvedB.progressedC.recoveredD.improved52.A.fateB.hopeC.healthD.fortune53.A.screamedB.barkedC.threwD.shot54.A.bonusB.depositC.rewardD.gain55.A.multipliedB.combinedC.exploitedD.separated第三局部閱讀理解〔共15小題；每題2分，總分值30分〕請認(rèn)真閱讀以下短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAYaleeducationemphasizestheimportanceoflearningforpublicservice.Foundedin1886,DwightHallatYaleisastudent-run,staff-supportedpublicserviceandsocialactionorganization.Belowisalistofsomeactiveprograms,whichcanbesearchedbyname,cause,ortypeofservice.LogoOverviewMissionNEWHAVENNEWHAVENAIDSWalkNewHavenCause(s):Health&MedicineTypesofservice:FundraisingandFinancialSupportApplication:Joinanytime!A5Koff-campuswalktoraisemoneytoprovidesupportservicestoindividualsandfamiliesinfectedandaffectedbyHIV/AIDSinthegreaterNewHavencommunity.Ourgoalsaretoraisemoney,increasepublicawareness,promotepreventionthroughadvocacy.AmericanRedCrossatYaleCause(s):Health&MedicineTypesofservice:DirectServiceAdvocacyandEducationApplication:Joinanytime!WeareanundergraduateorganizationworkingtobringnationalAmericanRedCrossprojectstotheYalecampus.WorkingwithourlocalNewHavenchaptertoorganizeprojectssuchasfirstaidandCPRtraining.WeuseYaleUniversity’ssignificantpeopleresourcestoprovideessentialbloodsuppliestohospitalsandpatients.BestBuddiesInternationalCause(s):Children&YouthPeoplewithDisabilitiesTypesofservice:DirectServiceAdvocacyandEducationApplication:Joinanytime!InternationalBridgesESLCause(s):Education&LiteracyTypesofservice:DirectServiceApplication:Joinanytime!BridgesESLprovidesfreeEnglishlanguagel56.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEintermsofhealthandmedicinecauses?A.VolunteerswillprovidedirectsupportservicestoAIDSvictims.B.AIDSWalkNewHavenistargetedatYaleHIV-infectedstudents.C.AmericanRedCrossatYaleencouragesYalestudentstodonateblood.D.ThosejoiningAmericanRedCrossatYaleshouldbemedicalexperts.57.Asanewforeignuniversityfreshman,he/sheislikelytobenefitfrom______.A.AIDSWalkNewHavenB.AmericanRedCrossatYaleC.BestBuddiesD.BridgesESLBPersonally,IlovewritingreviewsofanykindmostlybecausethatwayIcanputallmythoughtsaboutthesubjectonthepaper.Beforewegoon,Ihavetomentionitisdifferentwhenyouwriteareviewforyourselfi.e.yourblogorwebsiteandforyourprofessorincollege.Toanuntrainedeye,reviewsmayseempointless.What’sthepointofwritingaboutsomethingwhenotherpeopleandyourprofessorhavealreadyreadthebook?Isn’titenoughtotalkaboutitintheclass?Justasmoviereviewsdevelopyourcriticalthinking,bookreviewsdothesame.Itisnotenoughtoreadabookandcallitaday;youhavetoestablishyouropinion,yourlikes,anddislikes.Whenaprofessorgivesyouthisassignment,he/shewantstoseeyourabilitiestoanalyzethebookandusevocabularyskillstodiscussdifferentpartsoftheplot.Sinceweareaccustomedtowritingbookreportsataveryyoungage,itcomesasnosurprisewedon’tthinkbookreviewsaredifferentthanabookreport.Contrarytothepopularbelief,bookreviewsandbookreportsaretwodifferenttypesofwriting.Knowinghowtheydifferisessentialforwritingahigh-qualitypaperthatwillguaranteeagoodgrade.Bookreportsusuallycentrearoundtopicaldetailsabouttheauthorandtheplotofthestory.Ontheotherhand,abookreviewisamorecomplicatedapproachtounderstandinganddiscussingabook.Itdoesn’tcentrearoundasummaryofeachsection,butyouhavetocarryoutathoroughanalysis.Asyougrowanddevelopasastudent,sodoesyourabilitytothinkcritically.Youdon’tjustsumupwhatyou’vejustreadbutanalyzeeverypieceofthepuzzleinordertoshowtheabilitynotonlytopayattentiontodetailbutalsoengagethinkingcritically.Here,youhavetobecarefulthatyouaren’t,actually,justretellingthestory.Whilebookreviewsmaycontainsomeelementsofbookreportse.g.author,characters,plot,theemphasisistoprovideamoredetailedinsight,godeeperandelaboratestrengthsandweaknessesofthebook,anddiscusstheelementsofthestory.Youknowthedifferencebetweenbookreportsandbookreviews,nowwhat?Nowyou’rereadytobegintheassignment.Inordertowriteathoroughbookreview,youhavetopayattentiontoeverythingaboutthebook,whichiswhywritingdowntheinformationabouttheauthor,genreetc.isstronglyadvised.That’swhyyou’llneedapenandnotebookwhereyoucanwriteeverything.58.Accordingtothepassage,whatshouldbedonebeforestartingtowriteareview?A.Identifyingthetargetreader.B.Consultingwithyourprofessor.C.Developinganinterestinreviews.D.Listingallyourthoughtsonthepaper.59.Theauthorshowstheimportanceofabookreviewmainlyby______.A.givingasolidexampleB.makingareasonableassumptionC.drawingavalidcomparisonD.providingadetaileddescription60.Wheredoesthefundamentaldifferencebetweenareportandareviewlie?A.Objectivesummary.B.Criticalcomments.C.Thoroughcomprehension.D.Personalabilities.CTheworld’smostcomplexbiologicalcomputer,madefromagroupofengineeredcells,couldonedaybeimplantedintothebodytodetectdiseasesanddelivertreatments.Inanearlyresearchin2023,MartinFusseneggeratETHZurishinSwitzerlandandhiscolleaguesengineeredtwokidneycellstobecomeabiologicalcircuitcapableofsimplemathematics.Oneofthecellswasabletocalculateaddition:thepresenceorabsenceofeachoftwochemicalswouldswitchonareactioninsidethecellthatwouldmakeitshinedifferentcolours.Theothercellworkedinthesamewaybutcouldsubtractamounts.Thiskindofbiologicalcircuitresemblesasimplelogiccircuitinacomputer.Intheory,itcouldbeusedtoindicatethepresenceofaninfectioussubstancewhileinfactitfailed.Mostbiologicalreactionsinthebodyaren’tthatsimple,though.Theyrarelyrelyon“oneinputandoneoutput〞–instead,multipleinputsleadtodifferentoutputs.Forinstance,ahighlevelofcalciuminthebodyinthepresenceofaspecifichormonemaysuggestonedisease,butahighlevelofcalciumalongwithanotherhormonemightindicateacompletelydifferentcondition.mathematics.However,itishardtopackmultiplecalculationsintoasinglecell.Togetaroundthis,Fusseneggerandhisteamhaveengineeredamulticellularsystem,inwhichdifferentcellseachperformaseparatecalculationandpassontheresultstoeachother.Thesystemhasninecells,eachcontainingabiochemicalreactionthatrespondstothreechemicalinputs–similartoanAND,NOTandORsysteminatraditionalelectroniccircuit.Thesecellscoordinatetheiractivitiesbyreleasingchemicalsthatpassfromonecelltotheother.Together,theyformafullybiologicalcircuitthatcanrespondtomultipleinputs.“Althoughitisnotatastageyetwherewecantestonanimals,webelieveitisthemostcomplexbiologicalcomputereverassembled,〞saysFussenegger.“Thisworkaddressesoneofthemajorlimitationsinsyntheticbiology(合成生物學(xué))–alackofprogrammabledevices,〞saysángelGoni-Moreno,asyntheticbiologistatNewcastleUniversity,UK.HesaysthatFussenegger’smulticellularapproachenablesyoutoprogrammethecircuitandachievedifferentcalculationsjustbyconnectingtheninecellsindifferentconfigurations(設(shè)置).Inthefuture,abiologicalcomputerlikethiscouldbeusedtomonitormorecomplexmedicalconditions.Forexample,itcouldrespondtoariseincalcium,adropinahormoneandanincreaseinabiomarker,whichtogetherwouldsignalthepresenceofaspecifictypeofcancer,helpdiagnoseitandalerttheusertoseekappropriatetreatment.61.Theunderlinedword“subtract〞inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.addupB.takeawayC.splitupD.giveaway62.WhatwastheprogressmadeinFussenegger’searlyresearch?A.Abiologicalcircuitwasimplantedinoneofkidneycells.B.Theindicationofinfectioussubstancesbecameareality.C.Engineeredkidneycellscouldswitchonbiologicalreactions.D.Certaincellsweremadecapableofperformingmathematics.63.WhathasmadeFussenegger’scurrentmulticellularsystemsospecial?A.Ithasallthefunctionsofatraditionalelectroniccircuit.B.Itisprogrammableandabletoperformdifferentmathematics.C.Ithassuccessfullypackedmultiplecalculationsintoasinglecell.D.Ithasbeentestedthroughaseriesofexperimentsonanimals.64.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SmartcellsindicatingvariouscancersB.Electroniccircuitmadefrommulti-cellsC.ProgrammablecellsimplantedinhumanbodiesD.BiologicalcomputermadefromhumancellsDAccordingtoGuglielmoCavalloandRogerChartier,readingaloudwasacommonpracticeintheancientworld,theMiddleAges,andaslateasthesixteenthandseventeenthcenturies.Readerswere“l(fā)istenersattentivetoareadingvoice,〞and“thetextaddressedtotheearasmuchastotheeye.〞Thesignificanceofreadingaloudcontinuedwellintothenineteenthcentury.UsingCharlesDickens’snineteenthcenturyasapointofdeparture,itwouldbeusefultolookatthefamilialandsocialusesofreadingaloudandreflectonthefunctionalchangeofthepractice.Dickenshabituallyreadhisworktoadomesticaudienceorfriends.Inhislateryearshealsoreadtoabroaderpubliccrowd.ChaptersofreadingaloudalsoaboundinDickens’sownliteraryworks.Moreimportantly,hetookintoconsiderationtheVictorianpracticewhencomposinghisprose,somuchsothathiswritingismeanttobeheard,notonlyreadonthepage.

PerformingaliterarytextorallyinaVictorianfamilyiswelldocumented.Apartfrompromotingapleasantfamilyrelationship,readingaloudwasalsoameansofprotectingyoungpeoplefromthedangerofsolitary(孤獨的)reading.Readingaloudwasatoolforparentalguidance.Bymeansofreadingaloud,parentscouldalsointroduceliteraturetotheirchildren,andassuchthepracticecombinedleisureandmoreseriouspurposessuchasreligiouscultivationintheyouths.Withinthefamily,itwascommonplaceforthefathertoreadaloud.Dickensreadtohischildren:oneofhissurvivingandoften-reprintedphotographsfeatureshimposingonachair,readingtohistwodaughters.Readingaloudinthenineteenthcenturywasasmuchaclassphenomenonasafamilyaffair,whichpointstoawidespreadbeliefthatVictorianreadershipprimarilymeantamiddle-classreadership.ThosewhofelloutsidethisgrouptendedtobeoverlookedbyVictorianpublishers.Despitethis,Dickens,withhispublishersChapmanandHall,managedtodistributeliteraryreadingmaterialstopeoplefromdifferentsocialclassesbyreducingthepriceofnovels.Thiswasalsomadepossiblewiththetechnologicalandmechanicaladvancesinprintingandthespreadofrailwaynetworksatthetime.Sincetheliteracylevelofthissectionofthepopulationwasstilllowbeforeschoolattendancewasmadecompulsoryin1870bytheEducationAct,aconsiderablenumberofpeoplefromlowerclasseswouldlistentorecitalsoftexts.Dickens’sreaders,whowerefromsuchsocialbackgrounds,mighthaveheardDickensinthismanner.SeveralbiographersofDickensalsodrawattentiontothefactthatitwastypicalforhistextstobereadaloudinVictorianEngland,andthusilliteracywasnotanobstacleforreadingDickens.Readingwasnolongerachieflyclosetedformofentertainmentpracticedbythemiddleclassathome.Aworking-classhomewasinmanywaysnotconvenientforreading:thereweretoomanydistractions,thelightingwasbad,andthehomewasalsooftenhalfaworkhouse.Asaresult,theVictoriansfromthenon-middleclassestendedtofindrelaxationoutsidethehomesuchasinparksandsquares,whichwereidealplacesforthepublictogowhileawaytheirlimitedleisuretime.Readingaloud,inparticularpublicreading,tosomeextentblurredthedistinctionsbetweenclasses.TheVictorianmiddleclassdefineditsidentitythroughdifferenceswithotherclasses.Dickens’spopularityamongreadersfromthenon-middleclassescontributedtothecreationofanewclassofreaderswhoreadthroughlistening.

DifferentreadersofDickenswerenotreadingsolitarilyand“jealously,〞touseWalterBenjamin’sterm.Instead,theyoftenenjoyedamorecommunalexperience,anexperiencethatisgenerallylackingintoday’sworld.Modernaudiobookscanbeconsideredacontemporaryversionofthepractice.However,whilethetwentieth-andtwentieth-first-centurytrendforindividualstolistentoaudiobookskeepssomecharacteristicsoftraditionalreadingaloud—suchas“l(fā)istenersattentivetoareadingvoice〞andtheearbeingthefocus—itisafarmoresolitaryactivity.65.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoconveyinParagraph1?A.Thehistoryofreadingaloud.B.Thesignificanceofreadingaloud.C.Thedevelopmentofreadingpractice.D.Therolesofreadersinreadingpractice.66.HowdidthepracticeofreadingaloudinfluenceDickens’sworks?A.Hestartedtowriteforabroaderpubliccrowd.B.Heincludedmorereadablecontentsinhisnovels.C.Scenesofreadingaloudbecamecommoninhisworks.D.Hisworkswereintendedtobebothheardandread.67.HowmanybenefitsdidreadingaloudbringtoaVictorianfamily?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.68.WherecouldaLondonsteelworkerpossiblyhavegonetoforreading?A.Workingplace.B.His/herownhouse.C.Nearbybookstores.D.TrafalgarSquare.69.WhatchangedidreadingaloudbringtoVictoriansociety?A.Differentclassesstartedtoappreciateandreadliteraryworkstogether.B.Peoplefromlowersocialclassesbecameacceptedasmiddle-class.C.Thedifferencesbetweenclassesgrewlesssignificantthanbefore.D.Anon-classsocietyinwhicheveryonecouldreadstartedtoform.70.Whatislikelytobediscussedafterthelastparagraph?A.Newreadingtrendsforindividuals.B.Theharmofmodernaudiobooks.C.Thematerialformodernreading.D.Readingaloudincontemporarysocieties.第四局部任務(wù)型閱讀(共10小題；每題1分，總分值10分)注意：請將答案寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。每個空格只填1個單詞。Artificialintelligence(AI)isrushingintobusiness.FirmsofalltypesareusingAItoforecastdemand,hireworkersanddealwithcustomers.TheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute,athink-tankwithinaconsultancy,forecaststhatjustapplyingAItomarketing,salesandsupplychainscouldcreateeconomicvalueof$2.7trnoverthenext20years.Suchgrandforecastsfuelanxietyaswellashope.Lessfamiliar,butjustasimportant,ishowAIwilltransformtheworkplace.Startwiththebenefits.AIoughttoimproveproductivity.Humanyze,apeopleanalyticssoftwareprovider,combinesdatafromitsbadges(工牌)withemployees’calendarsande-mailstoworkout,say,whetherofficelayoutsfavourteamwork.Slack,aworkplacemessagingapp,helpsmanagersassesshowquicklyemployeesaccomplishtasks.Companieswillseewhenworkersarenotjustdozingoffbutalsomisbehaving.Employeeswillgain,too.Thankstoadvanceincomputervision,AIcancheckthatworkersarewearingsafetyequipmentandthatnoonehasbeenharmedonthefactoryfloor.Somewillappreciatemorefeedbackontheirworkandwelcomeasenseofhowtodobetter.Machinescanhelpensurethatpayrisesandpromotionsgotothosewhodeservethem.Thatstartswithhiring.Peopleoftenhavebiasesbutalgorithms(算法),ifdesignedcorrectly,canbemoreunprejudiced.Softwarecanflagpatternsthatpeoplemightmiss.YetAI’sbenefitswillcomewithmanypotentialdrawbacks.Algorithmsmaynotbefreeofthebiasesoftheirprogrammers,whichcanhaveunintendedconsequences.Thelengthofatravelmaypredictwhetheranemployeewillquitajob,butthisfocusmayharmpoorerapplicants.OlderstaffmightworkmoreslowlythanyoungeronesandcouldrisklosingtheirpositionsifallAIlooksforisproductivity.Andsurveillance(監(jiān)控)mayfeelOrwellian—asensitivematternowthatpeoplehavebeguntoquestionhowmuchFacebookandothertechgiantsknowabouttheirprivatelives.AsregulatorsandemployersweightheprosandconsofAIintheworkplace,threeprinciplesoughttoguideitsspread.First,datashouldbeanonymisedwherepossible.Microsoft,forexample,hasaproductthatshowsindividualshowtheymanagetheirtimeintheoffice,butgivesmanagersEmployeesshouldbetoldwhattechnologiesarebeingusedintheirworkplacesandwhichdataarebeinggathered.Asamatterofroutine,algorithmsusedbyfirmstohire,fireandpromoteshouldbetestedforbiasandunintendedconsequences.Last,countriesshouldletindividualsrequesttheirowndata,whethertheyareex-workerswishingtocontestadismissalorjobseekershopingtodemonstratetheirabilitytoprospectiveemployers.ThemarchofAIintotheworkplacecallsfortrade-offsbetweenprivacyandperformance.Afairer,moreproductiveworkforceisaprizeworthhaving,butnotifitchainsemployees.Strikingabalancewillrequirethought,awillingnessforbothemployersandemployeestoadapt,andastrongdoseofhumanity.AISpyPassageoutlineSupportingdetailsIntroductionWhileitsfutureinbusinessisfullof(71)▲,AIaffectstheworkplacenegatively.AdvantagesofAI●AImakesbusinessmoreproductivebyanalyzingtheofficelayout,assessingtheemployees’workingefficiencyand(72)▲theirbehavior.●AIcan(73)▲employees’safetyandprovidefeedbackforthemtobetterthemselves.●AIhelpsbusinesseshiremoresuitableemployeesanddevelopabetter(74)▲ofpromotionandpayrise.PotentialdrawbacksofAI●Undesirableresultsmayariseduetothebiasesoftheprogrammers.●Poorerapplicantsandolderstaffareata(75)▲.●Employees’privacyis(76)▲intheageofAI.●Keepthedataanonymouswhentheyaregatheredandused.●(78)▲employeesoftechnologiesusedintheworkplaceandtestthealgorithmstoavoidundesirableresults.●(79)▲employeestoaccessdatafortheirownsake.SummaryOnlywhenemployeesandemployersare(80)▲toadaptandrespecteachother,canAImakeworkplacefairerandm