高中英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作技法指導(dǎo)

高中英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作技法指導(dǎo)

技法一審題謀篇四步法

（浙江卷高考英語(yǔ)）

假定你是李華，你校來(lái)自愛(ài)爾蘭的外教Peter因病回國(guó)休假。請(qǐng)給他寫(xiě)一封電子郵件,

內(nèi)容包括：

1.詢(xún)問(wèn)近況；

2.分享班級(jí)最新消息；

3.表達(dá)祝愿。

注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

第一步審題立意布局謀篇

郵件

時(shí)態(tài)-般過(guò)去時(shí)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)

絹勾三段

1.詢(xún)問(wèn)近況

要點(diǎn)2.告知班級(jí)消息

3.表達(dá)祝愿

第二步核心內(nèi)容逐一盤(pán)點(diǎn)

第一段——問(wèn)候

1.聽(tīng)說(shuō)你請(qǐng)了病假回家休養(yǎng)，我們很掛念你。你現(xiàn)在感覺(jué)怎么樣?

Wehaveheardthatyouhavegonebackhomeonsickleave,andweare

concernedaboutyou.Howareyoufeelingnow?

第二段——分享班級(jí)消息

2.提出有好消息：

我希望我給你的好消息能抹去疾病的陰影。

Ihopemygoodnewsforyouw川sweepawaytheshadowofthedisease.

3.具體說(shuō)明消息

上個(gè)月，我們學(xué)校舉行了一個(gè)英語(yǔ)節(jié)，我們班演唱了一首你在節(jié)日時(shí)教我們的歌。我

們一唱完這首歌，所有的觀眾都給了我們熱烈的掌聲。

Lastmonth,anEnglishFestivalwasheldinourschool,andourclassperformeda

songwhichyoutaughtusatthefestival.Assoonaswefinishedthesong,allthe

audiencegaveuswarmapplause.

4.當(dāng)時(shí)的感受

(1)我非常高興和興奮，所以我?guī)缀跆似饋?lái)。

IwasveryhappyandexcitedsoIalmostjumpedup.

(2)我們想和你分享快樂(lè)，但你不在。

Wewantedtosharejoywithyou,butyouwerenotthere.

第三段——表達(dá)祝愿

5.我們都非常想念你，希望你能快速痊愈。

Weallmissyouverymuchandwishyouaquickandcompleterecovery.

第三步斟詞酌句潤(rùn)色升級(jí)

1.請(qǐng)用含有非謂語(yǔ)的句子合并句1中的兩個(gè)并列分句。

Hearingthenewsthatyouhavegonebackhomeonsickleave,weareconcerned

aboutyou.Howareyoufeelingnow?

2.請(qǐng)用s。引導(dǎo)的倒裝句改寫(xiě)句4(1)。

SohappyandexcitedwasIthatIalmostjumpedup.

3.用含有ifonly的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的句子改寫(xiě)句4(2)。

Ifonlyyouhadbeentheretoshareourjoy!

第四步巧妙銜接完美成篇

DearPeter,

Hearingthenewsthatyouhavegonebackhomeonsickleave,weareconcerned

aboutyou.Howareyoufeelingnow?

Ihopemygoodnewsforyouwillsweepawaytheshadowofthedisease.Last

month,anEnglishFestivalwasheldinourschool,andourclassperformeda

songwhichyoutaughtusatthefestival.Assoonaswefinishedthesong,allthe

audiencegaveuswarmapplause.SohappyandexcitedwasIthatIalmostjumped

up.Ifonlyyouhadbeentheretoshareourjoy!

Weallmissyouverymuchandwishyouaquickandcompleterecovery.

Yours,

LiHua

技法二規(guī)避常見(jiàn)的五種錯(cuò)誤

典例示范

錯(cuò)誤句子改錯(cuò)

常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤

(缺)TherearemanystudentsTherearemany

句子成分殘supportitstudentswho/thatsupportit.

缺或多余(多)Wereachedtoschoolat

Wereachedschoolat6:00am.

6:00am.

主謂不一致Thechildrenwasveryhappy.Thechildrenwereveryhappy.

YoucanreadthebookswhichisYoucanreadthebooks

ontheshelf.whichareontheshelf.

TheexhibitionwillheldnextTheexhibitionwillbeheldnext

weekend.weekend.

時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤

YesterdayIwitnessanaccident.YesterdayIwitnessedanaccident.

Honestisthebestpolicy.Honestyisthebestpolicy.

PapercuttingisatraditionPapercuttingis

詞性不分

Chineseart.atraditionalChineseart.

IfinallythroughtheexamafterIfinallygotthroughtheexam

severalattempts.afterseveralattempts.

Iverylikehisclasses.Ilikehisclassesverymuch.

MyfatherboughtmeaMoYanMyfatherboughtmea

中式英語(yǔ)

writingbook.bookwrittenbyMoYan.

Thetreesverytall.Thetreesareverytall.

技法三亮化詞匯三原則

根據(jù)高考應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)用詞匯的豐富性和準(zhǔn)確性是作文能否取得高分的

一條重要的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。所以，在詞匯亮化上應(yīng)遵循以下三個(gè)原則：

原則1求新求變

同樣意義的詞語(yǔ)，要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境使用最新學(xué)過(guò)的而不是小學(xué)初中學(xué)過(guò)的詞匯。如果同樣

的意義重復(fù)出現(xiàn)，要使用不同的表達(dá)方式。如：

1.Whenfeelingsad,Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalot

ofgoodstories.

（2021?新高考全國(guó)I）

—>Whenfeelingdepressed,Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesa

lotofimaginativestories.

2.WiththewidespreadoftheInternet,moreandmorepeoplebecomeonline

learners.

（2021?全國(guó)乙）

一■WiththewidespreadoftheInternet,anincreasingnumberofpeoplebecome

onlinelearners.

3.Iamwritingtoaskyoutohelpmewithaplayweadaptedaccordingtothetext.

（2020?全國(guó)ni）

—>lamwritinginsinceritytoaskyouafavorregardingaplayweadaptedaccording

tothetext.

4.Foranother,Chinahasalonghistoryandrichculture.lthasalwaysattracted

peoplewholoveanythingaboutChina.（2020?江蘇）

一Foranother,Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.lthasalwaysbeenan

attractionforthosewhoarekeenonanythingthatisChinese.

原則2求準(zhǔn)求精

寫(xiě)作時(shí)不一定每一句都要有復(fù)雜句式，有時(shí)準(zhǔn)確使用一個(gè)單詞就會(huì)讓整個(gè)句子增色。

1.Inconclusion,weshouldfindawaytostudyonlinebetter.（2021?全國(guó)乙）

—Inconclusion,weshouldfindawaytostudyonlinemoreefficiently.

2.Hiswordsofencouragementcanstillberemembered.（2020?全國(guó)I）

一Hiswordsofencouragementstillringinmyears.

3.Iamwaitingforyourearlyreply.（2021?全國(guó)甲）

—>lamwaitingforyourearlyreplyeagerly.

原則3短語(yǔ)優(yōu)先

恰當(dāng)使用短語(yǔ)代替單詞，不但可以增加詞數(shù)，還有助于繞開(kāi)不會(huì)表達(dá)的單詞，使得行

文更加流暢。

1.Inconclusion,weshouldknowitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfinda

properwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.（2021?全國(guó)乙）

一■Inconclusion,weshouldhaveagoodunderstandingofitsadvantagesand

disadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.

2.Inordertogetmoreclicks,you'dbettertellmewhichChinese

cultureattractswesternersmost.（2021?全國(guó)甲）

—Inordertogetmoreclicks,you'dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureholdsthe

mostattractionforwesterners.

3.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldconsidermyapplication.（2019?全國(guó)I）

一Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.

4.Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedsupportedthisidea.

—>Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedwereinfavourofthisidea.

技法四美化句式四訣竅

訣竅1三大從句各一

從句是豐富內(nèi)容的有效手段。每一篇優(yōu)秀作文，句式都應(yīng)該多樣。所以在寫(xiě)作中，要

注意打造三種從句。

1.定語(yǔ)從句:Whenfeelingdepressed,Ioftenchoosetoreadthecolumnwhich

coversalotofinspiringstories.（2021?新高考全國(guó)I）

2.狀語(yǔ)從句:Ithasbeen10yearssinceYouthwasfoundedandIbegantoread

thenewspaperwhenIwasstillajunioronestudent.（2021?新高考全國(guó)I）

3.名詞性從句:Whatattractsmemostisthecolumncoveringsomepopularstars.

（2021?新高考全國(guó)I）

訣竅2非謂語(yǔ)若干

非謂語(yǔ)的正確使用能體現(xiàn)出學(xué)生的語(yǔ)法功底，相比于從句，非謂語(yǔ)更加生動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)潔。

（2020?全國(guó)口）

Lastweekend,myclassmatesandItookpartinafarmpicking（現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)）

activity.

Surrounded（過(guò)去分詞彳乍狀語(yǔ)）bygreentrees,thefarmislocatedatthefootofthe

hillnearourschool.Thereisasmallriverflowingthroughthefarm（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定

語(yǔ)）.

Whileenjoyingbeing（動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)）closetonature,webegantohelppick

peachescoveringeverytree（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)）.Weworkedinpairs,one

pickingpeachesandtheothercarefullyputtingthemintoabigbox（現(xiàn)在分i司的獨(dú)立

主格結(jié)構(gòu)）.

Throughparticipating（動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)）inthispickingactivity,Ihavebecomeawareof

thesignificanceofwork.Iamdeterminedtostudyhard,tobeausefulpersontothe

countryandtocontributetotheimprovementofpeople'slives（不定式短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)）.

訣竅3倒裝強(qiáng)調(diào)可出現(xiàn)

特殊句型如倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句和感嘆句等可以使整篇文章句式更加豐富。

1.Inmymemory,itisYouththataccompaniesmethroughmywholehighschool.

（2021?新高考全國(guó)工）

2.Fromthisactivity,notonlydidwerealizethatbuildingupourbodyisofgreat

importance,butalsowelearnedmoreabout"persistenceleadstosuccess".

（2020?新高考全國(guó)I）

3.Ontheway,exhaustedastheparticipantswere,theykeptrunninguntilthe

finishingline.

（2020?新高考全國(guó)I）

4.Suchismyunderstandingaboutgrowingup.（2020?天津）

5.Whatanunforgettableexperience!（2020?新高考全國(guó)I）

訣竅4被動(dòng)露露面

如果一篇文章全都是主動(dòng)句而且主語(yǔ)一致，文章就會(huì)顯得單調(diào)，適當(dāng)使用被動(dòng)句能夠

避免這種情況。

1.BecausewewillpresentthisactivityontheEnglishwebsite,Isincerelywant

youtooffermesomeadvice.（2021?全國(guó)甲）

—BecausethisactivitywillbepresentedontheEnglishwebsite,Isincerelywant

youtooffermesomeadvice.

2.Iwonderifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice.Weneedtoadjustthe

vocabularyandgrammaroftheplot,andwealsoneedyourguidanceonour

performance.（2020?全國(guó)HI）

—Iwonderifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice.Thevocabularyandgrammarof

theplotneedtobeadjusted,andwealsoneedyourguidanceonourperformance.

3.I'mwritingtoletyouknowthatwewillhaveavolleyballmatchnextmonth.We

willholdthematchinourschoolgymandwewillarrangeitontheafternoonofJuly

4th.（2019?全國(guó)口）

一I'mwritingtoletyouknowthatwewillhaveavolleyballmatchnextmonth.The

match,whichwillbeheldinourschoolgym,isscheduledontheafternoonofJuly

4th.

技法五銜接過(guò)渡四類(lèi)型

銜接過(guò)渡詞可以分為“啟、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合”四類(lèi)。

1.用于“啟”的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：asyouknow,asisshowninthe...,firstofall,forone

thing,aboveall,ontheonehand,inasense,tostartwith等。

①AsfarasIknow,thisexhibitionwilllastforhalfamonthintheschoolartgallery.

（2021?浙江）

②Firstofall,itisconvenientsincewecanlearnwhateverweneedwhenever

necessaryandwhereverweare,aslongaswehaveanaccesstotheInternet.

（2021?全國(guó)乙）

③Foronething,theoveralldevelopmentoverthepastdecadeshasbeenso

strikingthattheyfeeleagertofamiliarizethemselveswithwhatisgoingoninChina.

（2020?江蘇）

?Firstandforemost,thecompetitiontobeheldinourschoolstadiumwillbeginat

2pmandlastforroughly3hours.（2019?全國(guó)U）

2.用于“承"的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：secondly,also,inaddition,foranotherthing,forthis

purpose,furthermore,whatismore,forexample,inotherwords,infact,atthe

sametime,asaresult,therefore等。

①What'smore,ifIwanttodecoratemywebsitewithsomeChineseelements,

whatshouldIdo?（2021?全國(guó)甲）

?Therefore,Istronglyrecommendthatallthestudentsinourschoolshouldmake

useoftheirsparetimetoenjoythesewonderfulworkscarefully.（2021?新高考全國(guó)I）

③Foranother,Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.（2020,江蘇）

?Second,asaChinesepaintinglover,Iknowalotaboutthisartform.（2019,全國(guó)

I）

⑤Furthermore,itisnecessaryforyoutotakeagoodrest,whichwillprovide

enoughenergyforyou.（2019?全國(guó)H）

⑥Meanwhile,I'malsointerestedtolearnsomefolkdancesfromyouinyour

lecture,whichw川helpmeimprovemydancing.（2019?天津）

3.用于“轉(zhuǎn)”的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：afterall,but,however,onthecontrary,incontrast,

otherwise,while,though,despite,inspiteof,allthesame,asamatteroffact

等。

①However,beingonlinelearnershasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.（2021,全

國(guó)乙）

②0ntheway,althoughsomestudentsfellbehind,theykeptrunninguntilthe

finishingline.

（2020?新高考全國(guó)工）

4.用于“合”的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：inaword,generallyspeaking,atlast,inshort,inthe

end,inconclusion,onthewhole,insummary,tosumup,toputitinanutshell

等。

①Finally,youarewelcomeatanytimetomyhouseandbemy

guest.Congratulationsagain!

②Tosumup,Iwishyoucouldliveuptotheexpectationsofourschool.（2019,全國(guó)

n）

③Inconclusion,theschooluniformsareabetterchoicethanthetraditional

Chinesedressforsuchanoccasion.（2019?江蘇）

④Allinall,notonlydoesStartofSpringbreedpeople'shopeforanewyear,butit

conveystheirexpectationsforthebrightfuture.（2021?江西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)盟校聯(lián)考）

I.升級(jí)句中加黑詞匯

1.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,moreandmorepeoplearefondofonline

payment.

Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,anincreasingnumberofpeoplearefondof

onlinepayment.

2.Traditionalculturesareveryimportantinourcountry.

Traditionalculturesareofgreatimportanceinourcountry.

3.Asforme,Ilikeschooluniformsbetterthancasualclothes.

Asforme,Ipreferschooluniformstocasualclothes.

4.QingdaoliesintheeastofShandongProvince.

Qingdaoissituated/locatedintheeastofShandongProvince.

5.Everyonemusthaveexperiencedamovingmoment,andI'dliketosharemine

withyou.

Everyonemusthaveexperiencedatouchingmoment,andI'dliketosharemine

withyou.

6.Iamwritingtosaythankstoyouforyourhelp.

Iamwritingtoexpressmygratitudetoyouforyourhelp.

7.Hereissomeadvice,whichIhopewillbegoodforyou.

Hereissomeadvice,whichIhopewillbebeneficialtoyou.

8.Iamveryhappytohearthatyouarecomingtoourcityforavisit.

Iamextremelydelightedtohearthatyouarecomingtoourcityforavisit.

口.升級(jí)句式練習(xí)

1.Theceremonywasscheduledtobeheldfrom8:00amto11:00amonJune

8,andduringthattimewereviewedthepasteventsandwatchedsomevideos

abouttheheroicdeedsofourschoolmatesinthebattleagainstCOVID-19.（用定語(yǔ)從

句改寫(xiě)）

—Theceremonywasscheduledtobeheldfrom8:00amto11:00amonJune

8,duringwhichwereviewedthepasteventsandwatchedsomevideosaboutthe

heroicdeedsofourschoolmatesinthebattleagainstCOVID-19.

2.AnEnglishoralcompetitionwasheldthisMondayandourclasswonthefirst

prizeinit.（用定語(yǔ)從句改寫(xiě)）

—OurclasswonthefirstprizeintheEnglishoralcompetitionthat/whichwasheld

thisMonday.

3.Doesyoursummercourseofferaccommodation?（用賓語(yǔ)從句改寫(xiě)）

—Iwonderif/whetheryoursummercourseoffersaccommodation.

4.ThestudentsinterestedinthecontestarerequiredtosignupforitbeforeJuly3.

（用主語(yǔ)從句改寫(xiě)）

—Itisrequiredthatthestudentsinterestedinthecontestshouldsignupforitbefore

July3.

5.Yougreetothersactively,andyouaremorelikelytomakefriends.（用狀語(yǔ)從句

改寫(xiě)）

一Ifyougreetothersactively,youaremorelikelytomakefriends.

6.Webecameexhaustedhalfway,butwemanagedtogettothefinishingline.（用

狀語(yǔ)從句改寫(xiě)）

—>Although/Though/Whilewebecameexhaustedhalfway,wemanagedtogetto

thefinishingline.

7.WheneverImeetwithdifficulty,myChineseteachergivesmeencouragement

intime.（用強(qiáng)調(diào)句改寫(xiě)）

一ItismyChineseteacherthat/whogivesmeencouragementwheneverImeetwith

difficulty.

8.IamsoanxiousthatIcan'tsleepwellbeforeexams.（用倒裝句改寫(xiě)）

—SoanxiousamIthatIcan'tsleepwellbeforeexams.

9.ThefruitfarmliesatthefootoftheMountYuhuangsha

n.（用倒裝句改寫(xiě)）

—AtthefootoftheMountYuhuangshanliesthefruitfarm.

10.WewillholdtheexhibitioninthegalleryhallofourschoolonSaturday

afternoon.（用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改寫(xiě)）

—>TheexhibitionwillbeheldinthegalleryhallofourschoolonSaturdayafternoon.

m.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞匯填空

A

LiJiangandSuHuaarediscussingwhattowearwhenreceivingtheBritishstudents

nextmonth.LirecommendsthetraditionalChinesedress1.whileSuprefersthe

schooluniforms.

2.Asforme/lnmyopinion/AsfarasIamconcerned,Iwouldbehappytowearthe

traditionalChinesedressatthewelcomeceremony.3.Foronething/Firstof

all/Firstly,thisispreciselywhattheBritishvisitorsareexpecting.Theycometolearn

aboutChineseculturewiththeirowneyes.

4.Therefore,theirChinesepeersinthetypicalChinesedresswouldbehighly

impressive.Theschooluniformsarefine;

5.however,theyarenotspecialenoughtogiveauniqueChineseflavour.

6.Foranother/Secondly/Besides,theinconvenienceisnotaproblemifourpurpose

istoshareChineseculture.ltisjusttheso-calledinconveniencethatdisplaysthe

richness,delicacyandgreatfascinationofChineseculturewithahistoryof

thousandsofyears.

7.Inconclusion/AIIinall/lnshort/lnbrief,thetraditionalChinesedresswillmake

theoccasionattractivetotheBritishguests.

B

DearSir/Madam,

IamLiHua,astudentfromGuangmingMiddleSchool.Iamwritingtoasksome

questionsaboutthesummercourse.

8.Firstofall(Iwonderwhenthecoursewillbeginandhowlongitwill

last.9.Secondly,Iwanttoknowwhetheryourschoolwillofferaccommodationfor

thestudents.

1O.Besides/Whafsmore/lnaddition,howmuchwillyouchargeforit?

11.Lastbutnotleast,howmanystudentswillbethereinoneclass?

12.Allinall,Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldreplytomeassoonaspossible.

Yours,

LiHua

強(qiáng)化練應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作

I.作文升檔(浙江1月)

假定你是李華，下周有新西蘭學(xué)生訪問(wèn)你校，你將作為學(xué)生代表致歡迎辭。請(qǐng)為此寫(xiě)

一篇發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：

1.表示歡迎；

2.介紹活動(dòng)安排；

3.表達(dá)祝愿。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右;

2.可以適當(dāng)添加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

學(xué)生習(xí)作

Dearguests,

①Firstofall,pleaseallowmetoexpressawarmwelcometoourdearguestson

behalfoftheschool.

@Asplanned,duringyourstayatourschool,wewillfirstgiveyouatourofour

school.(3)Then(youcanvisittheEnglishcornertotalkwithourclassmatesand

promoteourfriendship.④Besides,ourclassesareworthyofbeingattended,

becauseyoucanappreciatethedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternteaching

methods.⑤Finally,ourChinesehostfamilieswillprovidetheopportunityto

experienceadifferentcultureandtrysomedelicious,traditionalChinesefood.

@Wewishyouahappytimeatourschool.

作文升檔第一步讓詞匯高級(jí)亮麗

1.dear-^honorable/distinguished

2.plan—sched