2022年全國(guó)中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解模擬試題匯編深圳

2022年全國(guó)中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解試題匯編(深圳市)AWhenIwasagirlgrowingup,Icannotonceeverremembereithermymumormygrandmawastingfood.Anythingwedidn'teatatonemealwasleftovers(剩菜).Icanremembermygrandmamakingahugepotofpotatoes.Wewouldalleatuntilwewerefullenough,buttherewerealwaysabouthalfofthepotatoesleftover.Afewdayslater,Grandmawouldtakethosepotatoesoutofthefridge,boilsomenoodles,addsomevegetablesandmixthemalltogether.AndIalsorememberwhenIwatchedmymumfrybacon（煎培根）forusinthemornings,shewouldalwaystaketheoilcarefullyandpouritintoabottle.Thenshewoulduseitlatertoaddflavortosomanyotherdishes.IwasanadultbeforeIrealizedthatpotatoesdidn'tactuallytastelikebacon!Ilearnedtheirlessonswell,andafterIgrewup,Itriedtoneverwastefoodmyself.Ialwaysplannedtheweek'smealsaheadoftimeandonlyboughtwhatwasonmyshoppinglistsothatnothingwenttowaste.Everymealwentintoourstomachsandanyleftoverswerelatereatenbyeithermyselfmyboys,myhusbandormydogs.Tome,throwingfoodintothebinwasjustwrong.However,whenitcomestoliving,therearenoleftovers.Lifeisjustlikeafeast.Eachmomentthatyoudon'tliveislostforever.Lifecannotbesavedorstored.Eachdayisafreshbeginning.Liveeachmomentofyourlifetothefullest,then.(1)Thewriter'sgrandmausedtheleftoverpotatoesto______.A.mixwithnoodlesB.boilsomevegetablesC.frybaconD.throwaway(2)Whydidthepotatoescookedbythewriter'smumtastelikebacon？A.Becauseshemixedthebaconwithpotatoes.B.Becausesheputpotatoesintothecontainers.C.Becauseshewasgoodatcooking.D.Becauseshepouredthebaconoilintopotatoes.(3)Accordingtothepassage,howdidthewritersavefoodinherway？A.Byshoppingaheadoftime.B.Bythrowingitintothelitterbin.C.Byfollowinghermother'sshoppinglist.D.Byplanningthenextweek'sfood.(4)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"feast"inthelastparagraphprobablymean？A.Sweatdream.B.Largemeal.C.Happystory.D.Beautifulpicture.(5）Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs？A.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Eattolive,butnotlivetoeat.C.Neitherfoodnorlifeshouldbewasted.D.Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch.BCanplantstalk?Modernresearchhasfoundsomethingamazing:theydocommunicatewitheachother.Ithasbeenknownforsometimethatplantsusechemicalstocommunicatewitheachother.Thishappenswhenaplantgetsattackedbyinsects.Theplantgivesoutchemicalsfromtheleavesthatarebeingeaten.Thisislikeawarning,oracallforhelp:"I'mbeingattacked!"Whenanotherplantgetsthechemicals,itstartstogiveoutitsown,differentchemicals.Someofthesechemicalsdriveinsectsaway.Othersattractthewasps(黃蜂；蜜蜂)!Thewaspskilltheinsectsthatareeatingtheplants.Scientistshopetolearnmoreaboutthisplantwarningsystem,sothatwecanuseittogrowmorecrops.Moresurprisingly,plantsalsousesoundtocommunicate.Peoplecan'thearthesesounds,butplantsaremakingthem.Someplantsmakenoiseswiththeirroots.Cornandchiliplantsdothis.Sometreesmakeclickingnoiseswhenthereisnotenoughwater.Mostsurprisinglyofall,plantshaveanamazingsystemofcommunicationthatcanlinknearlyeveryplantinaforest.Scientistscallthissystemthe"woodwideweb".Thewoodwidewebislinkedundergroundbyfungi(霉菌).Itlinkstherootsofdifferentplantstoeachother.ItisinsomewayssimilartotheInternetweuse.Usingthewoodwideweb,plantscanshareinformationandevenfoodwitheachother.However,itmayleadtobadeffects.Plantsmayuseittostealfoodfromeachother,orspreadchemicalstoattackotherplants.Perhapsonedayscientistswilllearnhowtocreatea"firewall"tohelppreventtheseattackswithinthewoodwideweb.Scientistsarelearningmoreeverydayaboutthesecretwaysinwhichplantstalktoeachother.Maybeonedaywewillknowenoughaboutplantcommunicationtobeableto"talk"withthemourselves.(1)Whatwillplantsdowhentheyareattackedbyinsects？A.Theywillkilltheinsectsbythemselves.B.Theywillcontrolthewaspstokilltheinsects.C.Theywillsendoutsignalstoaskforhelp.D.Theywillproducechemicalsasawarningoracallforhelp.(2)Howarethewoodwideweblinkedbyfungi？A.Bymakingnoiseswiththeirroots.B.Byconnectingtherootsofdifferentplantstoeachother.C.Bysharingfoodandinformationwitheachother.D.Byspreadingchemicalstoeachother.(3)Whatisthewriter'sintentionofthelastparagraph？A.Togivepeoplehopeforfurtherstudies.B.Topraisescientistsfortheirgreatachievements.C.TocallonpeopletoprotecttheplantsonEarth.D.Toinspirepeopletocommunicatewithplants.(4)Whatisthestructureofthepassage？A.B.C.D.(5)Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage？A.TheSecretLanguageofPlantsB.TheStudyaboutthePlantWarningSystemC.ThePlantsthatGiveWarningsD.WhyScientistsDoResearchaboutPlantsCShashiyuwasonceapoorvillageinHebeiProvince,butnowithaschangedintoarichandlivableplace.Inthe1940s,villagersinShashiyuhadlittlefoodandfewclothes,buttheyhadastrongwishforabetterlife.ZhangGuishun,thePartysecretaryofShashiyu,encouragedhisvillagerstodotheirbesttopullthemselvesoutofpoverty."IntheancientChinesestory,YuGongcouldmovemountainswithhisstrongwillandhardwork,whycan'twe？Nobodywasborntobepoor？"Hearinghiswords,thevillagersdecidedtomakeadifference.LedbytheCommunistPartyofChina（中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨)，thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.From1966to.1971,theyreclaimed(開(kāi)墾)lotsoflandandgreatlyimprovedtheirlife.However,thevillageencounteredanewproblemtwodecadeslaterastheenvironmentbecameheavilypollutedbychemicalplantsandminerefineriesbuiltin1990s.Thepollutingfactorieswereshutdownin2022,andvillagersstartedgrapecultivation,whichsoonbecameamainindustryinShashiyu.In2022,thecity-levelgovernmentinvestedover1millionyuan（＄152,723）tochangethevillage'sexhibitionhallintoamuseuminmemoryofdevelopmenteffortsmadebyearliergenerations.After10years,thevillagewascalled"NationalForestVillage".Zhangsaidthatthevillagestartedayearlytourismfestivalin2022toattracttravelerstopickgrapes."ThegrapescouldbesoldatabetterpriceonceShashiyubecomesfamousthroughthisfestival.Ourvillagerscanthenliveevenbetterlives,"hesaid.(1)WhydidZhangGuishunusethestoryofYuGongtoencouragethevillagers？A.BecauseYuGonghadstrongwillandhardwork.B.BecauseYuGongwasbornpoortoo.C.BecausethevillagersworshipedYuGong.D.BecauseYuGongbecamerichatlast.(2)From1966to1971，whatdidthevillagersdotoimprovetheirlivingsituation？A.Theyplantedgrapestoearnmoney.B.Theycarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagetoimprovetheirlands.C.Theymovedtoanotherplacetoliveabetterlife.D.Theybuiltalotoffactories.(3)Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribethevillagers？A.Hard-working.B.Lazy.C.Kind-hearted.D.Stupid.(4)WhenwasShashiyucalled"NationalForestVillage"？A.In2022.B.In2022.C.In2022.D.In2022.(5)Wherecanyouprobablyreadthepassage？A.Inastorybook.B.Inanewspaper.C.Inasportsmagazine.D.Inasciencebook答案和解析A.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】D【小題3】D【小題4】B【小題5】C【解析】(1)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"Grandmawouldtakethosepotatoesoutofthefridge,boilsomenoodles,addsomevegetablesandmixthemalltogether"奶奶會(huì)把土豆從冰箱里拿出來(lái)，煮一些面條，加一些蔬菜，把它們混合在一起?？芍?，奶奶會(huì)把剩下的土豆拿去拌面條。故選A。(2)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"AndIalsorememberwhenIwatchedmymumfrybacon(煎培根)forusinthemornings,shewouldalwaystaketheoilcarefullyandpouritintoabottle.Thenshewoulduseitlatertoaddflavortosomanyotherdishes.IwasanadultbeforeIrealizedthatpotatoesdidn'tactuallytastelikebacon!"我還記得當(dāng)我看著媽媽在早上為我們煎培根的時(shí)候，她總是小心地把油倒進(jìn)一個(gè)瓶子里。然后她會(huì)用它來(lái)給其他很多菜增添風(fēng)味。在我長(zhǎng)大成人之后，我才意識(shí)到土豆嘗起來(lái)其實(shí)不像培根!可知，是因?yàn)槟赣H把煎培根的油倒進(jìn)土豆里，所以煮的土豆嘗起來(lái)像培根，故選D。(3)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"afterIgrewup,Itriedtoneverwastefoodmyself.Ialwaysplannedtheweek'smealsaheadoftimeandonlyboughtwhatwasonmyshoppinglistsothatnothingwenttowaste"長(zhǎng)大后，我努力自己從不浪費(fèi)食物。我總是提前計(jì)劃好一周的飲食，只買(mǎi)我購(gòu)物清單上的東西，這樣就不會(huì)浪費(fèi)任何東西。可知，作者通過(guò)提前計(jì)劃好一周的飲食來(lái)節(jié)約食物。故選D。(4)B.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞前一句"However,whenitcomestoliving,therearenoleftovers"然而,當(dāng)談到生活時(shí),沒(méi)有什么剩菜剩菜。以及后一句"Eachmomentthatyoudon'tliveislostforever.Lifecannotbesavedorstored"你活著的每一刻都將永遠(yuǎn)消失。生命不能被挽救或儲(chǔ)存。可知，此處想要表達(dá)"生活就像一場(chǎng)盛宴"，所以feast意為"盛宴，大餐"，故選B。(5)C.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段"Lifeisjustlikeafeast.Eachmomentthatyoudon'tliveislostforever.Lifecannotbesavedorstored.Eachdayisafreshbeginning.Liveeachmomentofyourlifetothefullest,then."生活就像一場(chǎng)盛宴。你活著的每一刻都將永遠(yuǎn)消失。生命不能被挽救或儲(chǔ)存。每一天都是一個(gè)新的開(kāi)始。那么，盡情享受你生命中的每一刻吧。結(jié)合文章大意，可知本文主要介紹了作者及家人怎樣節(jié)約食物，以此來(lái)告訴我們生命不能被挽救或儲(chǔ)存。每一天都是一個(gè)新的開(kāi)始，我們不能浪費(fèi)食物和生命。故選C。本文主要介紹了作者及家人怎樣節(jié)約食物，以此來(lái)告訴我們生命不能被挽救或儲(chǔ)存，每一天都是一個(gè)新的開(kāi)始。做題時(shí)要在理解好文章大意的基礎(chǔ)上，與題目有機(jī)的結(jié)合，從文中找到相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)性的句子與選項(xiàng)細(xì)細(xì)對(duì)比，有時(shí)可采用排除法快速得出答案。B.【答案】【小題1】D【小題2】B【小題3】A【小題4】B【小題5】A【解析】(1)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thishappenswhenaplantgetsattackedbyinsects.Theplantgivesoutchemicalsfromtheleavesthatarebeingeaten.Thisislikeawarning,oracallforhelp："I'mbeingattacked!"可知，當(dāng)植物受到昆蟲(chóng)的攻擊時(shí)，就會(huì)發(fā)生這種情況。植物從被吃掉的葉子中釋放出化學(xué)物質(zhì)。這就像是一個(gè)警告，或者是一個(gè)求救的電話："我被攻擊了！"所以植物被昆蟲(chóng)攻擊時(shí)會(huì)他們會(huì)釋放出化學(xué)物質(zhì)作為警告或求助。故選D。(2)B.文章來(lái)源題。根據(jù)Thewoodwidewebislinkedundergroundbyfungi.Itlinkstherootsofdifferentplantstoeachother.可知，木材的網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu)被真菌連接在地下，它把不同植物的根互相連接起來(lái)。所以真菌是通過(guò)把不同植物的根連在一起，從而將木材網(wǎng)連接起來(lái)的。故選B。(3)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Scientistsarelearningmoreeverydayaboutthesecretwaysinwhichplantstalktoeachother.Maybeonedaywewillknowenoughaboutplantcommunicationtobeableto"talk"withthemourselves.可知，科學(xué)家們每天都在學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于植物相互交流的秘密方式，也許有一天我們會(huì)對(duì)植物的交流有足夠的了解，能夠自己和它們"交流"。所以最后一段作者的意圖是給人們進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)的希望。故選A。(4)B.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)Canplantstalk？Modernresearchhasfoundsomethingamazing：theydocommunicatewitheachother.Ithasbeenknownforsometimethatplantsusechemicalstocommunicatewitheachother.Moresurprisingly,plantsalsousesoundtocommunicate.Mostsurprisinglyofall,plantshaveanamazingsystemofcommunicationthatcanlinknearlyeveryplantinaforest.Scientistscallthissystemthe"woodwideweb".Scientistsarelearningmoreeverydayaboutthesecretwaysinwhichplantstalktoeachother.可知，①植物會(huì)說(shuō)話嗎？現(xiàn)代研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)：它們確實(shí)能相互交流。②一段時(shí)間以來(lái)，人們已經(jīng)知道植物利用化學(xué)物質(zhì)相互交流。③更令人驚訝的是，植物也用聲音來(lái)交流。③最令人驚訝的是，植物有一個(gè)驚人的通訊系統(tǒng)，幾乎可以連接森林中的每一種植物。④科學(xué)家們每天都在學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于植物相互交流的秘密方式。第一段提出論點(diǎn)植物會(huì)說(shuō)話；第二、三、四段分別論述植物是通過(guò)這幾種方式相互交流的；第四段也就是最后一段UOL總論述。所以這篇文章的結(jié)構(gòu)是總--分--總。故選B。(5)A.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)Scientistsarelearningmoreeverydayaboutthesecretwaysinwhichplantstalktoeachother.Maybeonedaywewillknowenoughaboutplantcommunicationtobeableto"talk"withthemourselves.可知，科學(xué)家們每天都在學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于植物相互交流的秘密方式，也許有一天我們會(huì)對(duì)植物的交流有足夠的了解，能夠自己和它們"交流"。所以這篇文章的最佳標(biāo)題是植物的秘密語(yǔ)言。故選A。文章講了植物是通過(guò)什么方式相互交流的?？茖W(xué)家們每天都在學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于植物相互交流的秘密方式，也許有一天我們會(huì)對(duì)植物的交流有足夠的了解，能夠自己和它們"交流"。閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。C.【答案】【小題1】A【小題2】B【小題3】A【小題4】D【小題5】B【解析】(1)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"IntheancientChinesestory,YuGongcouldmovemountainswithhisstrongwillandhardwork,whycan'twe？Nobodywasborntobepoor？"Hearinghiswords,thevillagersdecidedtomakeadiffe