C++上機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告實(shí)驗(yàn)六

1.掌握運(yùn)算符重載的方法2.學(xué)習(xí)使用虛函數(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)動(dòng)態(tài)多態(tài)性1.定義Point類(lèi)有坐標(biāo)_x_y兩個(gè)成員變量對(duì)Point類(lèi)重“＋＋(自增“――(自減)運(yùn)算符，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)坐標(biāo)值的改變。2.定義一個(gè)車(chē)(vehiele)基類(lèi)，Run、Stop等成員函數(shù)，由此派生出自行(bicycle)類(lèi)、汽車(chē)(motorcar)類(lèi)從motorcar派生出摩托車(chē)(motorcycle)類(lèi)它們都有RunStop等成員函數(shù)。觀察虛函數(shù)的作用。3.(選做)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)4中的People重載“＝＝”運(yùn)算符和“－”運(yùn)算符，“＝＝”運(yùn)算符判斷兩個(gè)people類(lèi)對(duì)象的id屬性是否相等；“－”運(yùn)算符實(shí)現(xiàn)類(lèi)對(duì)象的賦值操作。1.編寫(xiě)程序定義Point類(lèi)，在類(lèi)中定義整型的私有成員變量，定義成員函數(shù)Point&operator++()；Pointoperator++(int)；以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)Point類(lèi)重載++”(自增)運(yùn)算符，定義成員函數(shù)Point＆operator－－()；Pointoperator－－(int)；以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)Point類(lèi)重載“－－”(自減)運(yùn)算符，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)坐標(biāo)值的改變。程序名：．Cpp#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;classPoint{public:Point();Point(intx,inty);~Point(){}//Point析構(gòu)函數(shù)Point&operator++();//有成員函數(shù)Pointoperator++(int);Point&operator--();Pointoperator--(int);voidShow();private:int_x;//有數(shù)據(jù)成員int_y;};Point::Point(){//Point構(gòu)造函數(shù)_x=0;_y=0;}Point::Point(intx,inty)//Point構(gòu)造函數(shù){_x=x;_y=y;}

Point&Point::operator++()//載后置++運(yùn)算符為Point類(lèi)成員函數(shù){_x++;_y++;}PointPoint::operator++(int)//載前置++運(yùn)算符為Point類(lèi)成員函數(shù){Pointold=*this;++(this->_x);++(this->_y);returnold;}Point&Point::operator--()//載后置--運(yùn)算符為Point類(lèi)成員函數(shù){_x--;_y--;}PointPoint::operator--(int)//載前置--運(yùn)算符為Point類(lèi)成員函數(shù){Pointold=*this;--(this->_x);--(this->_y);returnold;}voidPoint::Show()//出Point的坐標(biāo)值{cout<<_x<<","<<_y<<")"<<endl;}intmain(){Pointa(2,3);//義一個(gè)Point類(lèi)對(duì)象aPointb=a++;//定義Point對(duì)象b并用a++初始化bPointc=++a;//定義Point對(duì)象c并用++a初始化cPointd=--a;//定義Point對(duì)象d并用--a初始化dPointe=a--;//定義Point對(duì)象e并用a--初始化ecout<<"Pointa(";a.Show();//出a的坐標(biāo)cout<<"Pointb(";b.Show();//出b的坐標(biāo)cout<<"Pointc(";c.Show();//出c的坐標(biāo)cout<<"Pointd(";d.Show();//出d的坐標(biāo)cout<<"Pointe(";e.Show();//出e的坐標(biāo)return0;}

運(yùn)行結(jié)果：2編寫(xiě)程序定義一個(gè)車(chē)vehicle)基，有Run等成函數(shù)，由派生出自車(chē)(類(lèi)、車(chē)類(lèi)，從bicycle和motorcar派生出托車(chē)(motorcycle)類(lèi)，們都有Run、Stop等成函數(shù)。在main()數(shù)中定義vehicle、、motorcar、motorcycle的對(duì)象調(diào)用其、Stop()函數(shù)觀察其執(zhí)行情況。再分別用vehicle類(lèi)型的指針調(diào)用這幾對(duì)象的成函數(shù)，看看能否成功；把、定義為函數(shù)，試試看。程序名：．cpp<iostream>classvehicle//基vehicle{virtualvoidvehicleis//定虛函數(shù)virtualvoidStop(){cout<<"Thestopped!"<<endl;}//定義虛數(shù)};classbicycle:virtualpublicvehicle//定派生bicycle，明基類(lèi)為派生類(lèi)的虛基類(lèi){bicycleisStop(){cout<<"Thebicyclestopped!"<<endl;}};classmotorcar:virtualpublic//定義派生類(lèi)motorcar聲明基類(lèi)為派生類(lèi)的虛基類(lèi){motorcarStop(){cout<<"Themotorcarstopped!"<<endl;}motorcar(){}~motorcar(){}};classmotorcycle:publicbicycle,public//以bicycle類(lèi)和motorcar類(lèi)為基類(lèi)派新類(lèi)motorcycle{isStop(){cout<<"Themotorcyclehasstopped!"<<endl;}};int{vehicle//義vehicle的一個(gè)對(duì)vehicle*p;//定義一個(gè)vehicle類(lèi)的指針bicycleb;//定義bicycle類(lèi)的對(duì)象bmotorcarc;//定義motorcar類(lèi)對(duì)象cmotorcycle//定義類(lèi)的對(duì)

b.Run();b.Stop();c.Stop();d.Run();d.Stop();p=&a;//使指針指類(lèi)象//過(guò)指針調(diào)vehicle類(lèi)員函數(shù)p->Stop();p=&b;//使指針指類(lèi)對(duì)象b//通過(guò)針調(diào)用類(lèi)成員函p->Stop();p=&c;//使針指類(lèi)對(duì)象//通過(guò)針調(diào)用motorcar成員函p->Stop();p=&d;//使指指向類(lèi)對(duì)//通過(guò)指調(diào)用motorcycle類(lèi)員函數(shù)p->Stop();return}運(yùn)行結(jié)果：3.(選做)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)4中的People重載“＝＝”運(yùn)算符和“－”運(yùn)算符，“＝＝”運(yùn)算符判斷兩個(gè)people類(lèi)對(duì)象的id屬性是否相等；“－”運(yùn)算符實(shí)現(xiàn)類(lèi)對(duì)象的賦值操作。源程序：#include<iostream>#include<string>usingnamespacestd;classBirthday{public:Birthday(intYear,intMonth,intDay);//造函數(shù)Birthday(){}//造函數(shù)~Birthday(){}//構(gòu)函數(shù)Birthday(Birthday&p);//制構(gòu)造函數(shù)intshowBirthday(){cout<<year<<"年"<<month<<""<<day<<"日";}//內(nèi)聯(lián)成員函數(shù)intenter();private:intyear,month,day;};Birthday::Birthday(Birthday&p){year=p.year;month=p.month;day=p.day;}Birthday::Birthday(intYear,intMonth,intDay)//Birthday構(gòu)造函數(shù){year=Year;

month=Month;day=Day;}intBirthday::enter(){cout<<"生日:";cin>>year>>month>>day;}classpeople{//義people類(lèi)public:people(){}//people構(gòu)造函數(shù)~people(){}//people析構(gòu)函數(shù)people(people&p);peopleoperator==(people&);peopleoperator-(people&);intshow();intenter();private:stringnumber,id,sex;//符串類(lèi)型變量數(shù)據(jù)成員Birthdayp1;//Birthday數(shù)據(jù)成員};intpeople::show(){cout<<"\n性別"<<sex<<"編號(hào)";cout<<number;cout<<"生日";p1.showBirthday();//用Birthday類(lèi)成員函數(shù)cout<<"身份證號(hào)"<<id<<endl;}intpeople::enter(){p1.enter();cout<<"性別:";cin>>sex;cout<<"編號(hào):";cin>>number;cout<<"身份證號(hào):";cin>>id;}people::people(people&p):p1(p.p1)//people復(fù)制構(gòu)造函數(shù){number=p.number;sex=p.sex;id=p.id;}peoplepeople::operator==(people&V)//載==運(yùn)算符成員函數(shù){if(id==V.id){

cout<<"havethesameid!"<<endl;}else{cout<<"havedifferentid!"<<endl;}}peoplepeople::operator-(people&U)//載-運(yùn)算符成員函數(shù){number=U.number;//用字符串賦值運(yùn)算符sex=U.sex;id=U.id;p1=U.p1;return*this;//回this指針}intmain(){intt;peoplep[2];//義對(duì)象數(shù)組p[2]for(t=0;t<2;t++)//入對(duì)象數(shù)組成員信息{cout<<"輸入第"<<t+1<<"個(gè)人員的信息"<<endl;p[t].enter();}for(t=0;t<2;t++)//出對(duì)象數(shù)組成員信息{cout<<"\n第"<<t+