高考英語試卷 閱讀理解題分類匯編100

高考英語試卷閱讀理解題分類匯編(附答案)一、高英語閱讀理1．閱讀理解seemseverymajorcityandaroundtheworldhostsanannualmarathon,withthousandsofathletesrunninggruellingkilometres.manyrunners'motivationisbeattheirpersonalbestandcrossfinishingwithoutcollapsing,they'realsodoingitforgoodcause—togeneratefundsforcharity.Butlikeothermajorevents,themarathonalsogeneratesamassivecarbonfootprint.Thousandstravel—someplane—tothelocation,andwastefromfoodpackaginggoodybagsgetsleftbehindbyspectatorsandrunners.Thisbecomingabigissueforcitiestohostaworthwhileevent,encouragingpeopleexerciseandhelpcharities,whileprotectingSeveralcitieshavedevelopedformalplanstotheirenvironmentalimpactpromotesustainable(可續(xù))ideas.OneeventinWales,forexample,introducedrecyclingoldrunningkit.somethingthatthisyear'sLondonMarathontriedtotacklebyreducingthenumberofdrinkstationsonrunningroute,givingoutpapercupsandofferingsomedrinksineatablecapsules.alsotriallednewbottlebeltsmadefromrecycledplasticrunnerscouldcarrybottlesduringtheirLondonMarathoneventdirectorHughBrasnertold"Therearealotinitiatives(倡)weareusingyearthatwethinkleadbehaviouralinthefuture."Meanwhile,somepeoplethinkrunningamarathoncouldbeourbestfootforwardinhelpingtheplanet.DrAndreaCollinsfromCardiffUniversitytoldtheBBC:"Trainingforamarathonyoumoresustainableinday-to-dayactivities.Istartedwalkingorrunningtoworkeveryandshunningpublictransportaltogether.Beingenvironmentallyfriendlywhiletrainingstickswithandawayoflife."（）domanypeopleenterforamarathon?A.achievetheirownambitions.B.Togenerateamassivecarbonfootprint.Toimprovethemselvesbothphysicallymentally.challengetheirpersonallimitationsandraisemoneyforcharities.（）didHughBrasnerthinkofthisyear'sLondonMarathon?A.ItmaybringalargeprofittoLondon.B.ItsavedalotofresourcesandItmaypeople'sbehaviourinthefuture.ItmaymakeLondonersfriendlywhenrunningamarathon.（）offollowingcanreplaceunderlinedword"shunning"intheparagraph?A.Damaging.B.Avoiding.Choosing.D.Changing.（）weinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Runningmarathoncanmoremoney.B.Runningmarathoncandogreatdamagetheearth.C.Runningmarathoncanchangepeople'slifecompletely.

D.Runningmarathoncancontributetoprotectingearth.【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文是一篇說明文，現(xiàn)如今，許多城市和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)都舉辦了馬拉松比賽，馬拉松旨在為一些公益活動(dòng)募集資金，但馬拉松的舉辦也為城市帶來了環(huán)境問題。有一些城市已經(jīng)采取了一些措施，來保證馬拉松比賽的可持續(xù)性發(fā)展，如減少馬拉松賽程中的供水站，以水囊的形式代替等等。（）查細(xì)節(jié)解。根據(jù)第一段中"manyrunners'motivationistobeattheirpersonalbestandcrossfinishingwithoutcollapsing,they'realsodoingitgoodgeneratefundsforcharity"許多參賽的動(dòng)機(jī)是打破他們的個(gè)人最好記錄，同時(shí)還為了一個(gè)非常好的目的，就是為了慈善機(jī)構(gòu)募款。故選。（）查推理斷。根據(jù)第二段中"areaofinitiatives倡議）weareusingyearthatthinkwillleadhugebehaviouralinthefuture.“HughBrasner認(rèn)為，在這幾年馬拉松比賽中使用的一些環(huán)保倡議會(huì)引起將來一些行為上的巨大改變，故選C。（）查詞義測。根據(jù)最后一段中"Trainingforayoumoresustainableinday-to-dayactivities.Istartedwalkingorrunningtoday"為拉松做出的訓(xùn)練可以使人能夠更加適應(yīng)每天的日常活動(dòng)DrAndreaCollins也開始每天走路或跑步上下班，這樣的通勤方式可以避免交通擁堵，因此可以用avoid代替，故選B（）查推理斷。根據(jù)最后一段中"runningmarathoncouldbeourbestfootforwardinhelpingplanet"馬拉松是在用個(gè)人的力量幫助這個(gè)星球，以"environmentallyfriendlywhiletrainingstickswithandbecomesawayof樣做既能運(yùn)動(dòng)同時(shí)對(duì)環(huán)境也有幫助，成為新興的生活方式，故選D【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．（2019?全國）讀理解Before1830s,mostnewspaperswerethroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8orseemsasmallamountmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspapersreadalmostonlybyrichpeoplepoliticsorthetrades.addition,mostnewspapershadinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theydullandvisuallyforbidding.revolutionthatwastakingplacethewouldchangeallthat.Thetrend,then,wastowardthe"pennypaper"-areferringtopaperswidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantinexpensiveperhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesthestreet.Thisdevelopmentnottakeplaceovernight.possible(butnoteasy)tosingle

copiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtodowntotheprinter'sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspapersbeineasterncities.Atfirstpriceofsinglecopieswasapenny-usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged-andsomeoftheolderwell-knownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase"pennypaper"caughtpublic'sfancy,andtherebepapersthatdidindeedsellforpenny.Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor"theonstreet"didnotbegintheearly企業(yè)wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadybusiness,peoplewhoofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookayouthfuldaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.（）offollowingdescribesnewspapersinAmericabeforethe1830s?A.Academic.Unattractive.Inexpensive.D.Confidential.（）didstreetsalesmeantonewspapers?A.Theybepricedhigher.B.TheywoulddisappearfromTheycouldreaders.D.Theycouldregainpublic（）werenewspapersthenewtrendtargetedat?A.Localpoliticians.B.people.Youngpublishers.D.Richbusinessmen.（）weaboutthebirththepennypaper?A.Itwasadifficultprocess.B.Itwasasuccess.Itwasarobberyofpoor.Itwasadisasterforprinters.【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【分析】本文介紹了便報(bào)”的誕生歷程。（）節(jié)理解題。將題干中的

1830s定在文章的第段，根據(jù)theseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens和mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatappealaaudience可，當(dāng)時(shí)只有富人才能讀報(bào)紙，而且大多數(shù)報(bào)紙中幾乎沒有能吸引大眾的內(nèi)容，讓人感覺無聊。由此可得出那時(shí)的報(bào)紙沒有什么吸引力。

A.Academic學(xué)術(shù)的；B.Unattractive沒有吸引力，無魅力的；C.Inexpensive廉價(jià)的，不貴的；D.Confidential機(jī)密的，保密的。故答案為B。（）理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段提到“便報(bào)”針大眾，很便宜的。更重要的是，在街上可以買到報(bào)紙。結(jié)第三段間的streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineasterncities可知，報(bào)紙的街頭銷售隨處可見。由此可推斷出街頭銷售意味讀報(bào)紙的多了。故答案為C。（）節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的referringtopaperswidelyavailablethepublic可知，這種“便報(bào)是對(duì)大眾的，在街上可以買得到報(bào)紙。所以這種報(bào)紙針對(duì)的是普通老百姓，故答案為。（）理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的didbeginwell…immediatefailures…可，便士報(bào)紙新勢一開始并不好，一些早期的嘗試立即失敗了。后來一些年輕而大膽的商人才推

動(dòng)了這件事。由此可推斷“便報(bào)的誕生是一個(gè)困難而曲折的過程。故答案為?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】這是一篇科普類的說明文，閱讀時(shí)把握文章的主旨，然后快速瀏覽文章內(nèi)容。閱讀問題時(shí)，確定問題中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后在文章中準(zhǔn)確定位，認(rèn)真分析相關(guān)的語句即可得到答案。3．閱讀理解Astudythatexperienceschildrenhaveintheiryearsimportant.experiencesaffectthedevelopmentofthebrain.childrenreceivemoreattention,theyoftenhavehigherIQs.Babiesreceiveinformationwhentheysee,hearandfeelthings,whichconnectionsbetweendifferentpartsofthebrain.Thereareahundred萬億connectionsinthebrainofathree-year-oldchild.ResearcherJuditGervaintestedhowgoodnewbornsareatdistinguishingdifferentsoundpatterns.Herresearchersproducedofbrainsbabiestheydifferentsoundpatterns.Forexample,oneorderwasmu-ba-ba.Thispattern"A-B-B".Anotherorderwasmu-ba-ge.Thisispattern“A-B-C”.Theimagesthatpartofthebrainesponsibleforspeechwasmoreactiveduringthe"A-B-B"pattern.Thisshowsthatbabiescantellthedifferencebetweendifferentpatterns.Theyalsoweresensitivetowhereitoccurredtheorder.Gervainexcitedbythesefindingsbecausetheorderofsoundsbuildingblockofandgrammar."Positioniskeytolanguage,"says."Ifthebeginningoratend,makesabigdifference:Johncaughtthebear.'verydifferentfrom'ThebearcaughtJohn.'”ResearchersledbyscientistPatriciaKuhlhavefoundthatlanguagedeliveredbytelevisions,audiobooks,theInternet,smartphones－matterhoweducational－appeartobeenoughforchildren'sbraindevelopment.Theycarriedoutastudyofnine-month-oldbabies.Theyexpectedthefirstwho'dwatchedvideosinChinesetoshowthesamekindoflearningasthesecondgroupwerebroughtface-to-facewiththesamesounds.Insteadfoundadifference.ThebabiesinthegroupabledistinguishsimilarChineseaswellasnativelisteners.Buttheotherbabies－oftheywatchedthevideoorlistenedtolearnednothing.（）makesconnectionsinababy'sbrain?A.HavingahigherIQ.B.Experiencingnewinformation.Thebaby'earlyage.Theconnectionwithotherbabies.（）didGervainherteamfindintheexperiment?A.Babiesidentifydifferentsoundpatterns.B.Wordorderrelevantmeaning.Babieswellunderstanddifferent

Acertainbrainregionprocesseslanguage.（）theunderlinedsentenceinParagraphA.Grammarisimportantinlearninglanguages.B.Differentordershavedifferentmeanings.Differentlanguageshavedifferenthavedifferent（）isconclusionfromthestudyPatriciaKuhl?A.Babiesshouldn'tlotoftelevision.B.Listeningtodifferentlanguagesdevelopsbabies'brain.Foreignlanguageshelpbabies'braindevelop.Socialcommunicationbabies'braindevelopment.【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文屬于科普文章，介紹小孩最初幾年的經(jīng)歷對(duì)大腦發(fā)育很重要，而媒介輸入對(duì)孩子大腦發(fā)育效果不明顯，最有效的是面對(duì)面語言輸入。（）節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段Babiesreceiveinformationwhentheysee,hearfeelthings,whichconnectionsbetweendifferentofthe可，嬰兒接收到不同信息，可以讓大腦不同部分形成連接，故選。（）理判斷。根據(jù)第二段TheshowedthatthepartofthebrainresponsibleforspeechwasmoreactiveduringA-B-B"pattern.Thisshowsthatbabiescantelldifferencebetweendifferent可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)表嬰兒可以區(qū)別不同的聲音模式，故選A。（）意猜測。根據(jù)第三"Ifsomethingthebeginningorattheend,itmakesabigdifference:'Johncaughtthebear.'isdifferentfrom'ThebearcaughtJohn.'知有些東西放在句首和句尾，會(huì)有很大的不同，比如John抓了熊，和熊抓住了，思是不一樣的，可知本句意思為位置對(duì)于語言來說很重要的，順序不同，意思不同，故選B。（）理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段ResearchersledbyscientistPatriciaKuhlhavefoundthatlanguagedeliveredbytelevisions,audiobooks,theInternet,or－matterhoweducational－doesn'tappearbeenoughforchildren'sbraindevelopment.可，過電視、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等媒介的語言教學(xué)，對(duì)于嬰兒大腦發(fā)展是不夠的，并且后面的實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，面對(duì)面的語言輸入才有效，故選?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和句意猜測三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇說明類閱讀，要求考生先從問題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語（題眼），然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問題相關(guān)的：段落、語句，仔細(xì)品味，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解Artificialintelligencecanpredictpatientswithaheartdisorderwilldie,accordingtoscientists.

ThesoftwarelearnedtoanalyzebloodtestsscansofbeatingheartstospotsignsthatorganaboutfromtheMedicalResearchCouncil,saidtechnologycouldsavelivesbyfindingpatientsthatneedmoreaggressivetreatment.TheresultswerepublishedtheJournalRadiology.Accordingtoresearchers,highpressurethelungspartofheart,andaboutthirdofpatientsdiewithinfiveyearsafterbeingdiagnosed.aretreatments:drugs,injectionsstraightthevessels,lungtransplant.Butdoctorsneedtohaveanideahowlongpatientsmighthaveleft,orderpickrighttreatment.Thesoftwarewasgivenscans256patients'hearts,bloodtestresults.datawascombinedwitheightyearsofpatienthealthrecords,theartificialintelligencepredictedwhenpatientswoulddie.Thesoftwarecouldlookaboutfiveyearsintothefuture.correctlypredictedthosewouldbeafteroneyearabout80%ofthetime.Thefigurefordoctorsis60%.Theteamtotestthesoftwareinotherpatientsdifferenthospitalsbeforeassessingwhetheritshouldbemadewidelyavailabletodoctors.Theresearcherswanttousethetechnologyinotherformsheartfailure,suchascardiomyopathy,seewhomightneedapacemakerotheroftreatment.DrMikeKnapton,fromtheBritishHeartFoundation,said,"Thisexcitinguseofcomputersoftwareinmedicalpracticewillhelpdoctorsinthefuturetosurethatpatientsarereceivingcorrecttreatmentbeforeconditiondeterioratesleavesthemneedingalungtransplant.nextistesttechnologyinmorehospitalswithheartdisease."（）artificialintelligencedoaccordingthepassage?A.Predictinghowlongawithheartdiseasesurvive.B.Helpingdoctorsdiagnosepeoplewithheartdisease.ObeyingordersandremindingheartdiseasepatientstotakeProducingmedicinewithoutsideeffectsforheartdiseasepatients.（）weknowaboutthesoftwarefromthepassage?A.Itcanmakeaccuratelong-termpredictions.B.Ithasnotyetbeenwidelyintouse.Itcanpreventhighbloodpressurethelungsdamagingpartoftheheart.Itcanhelpdoctorsmakesurethatpatientsarereceivingcorrecttreatment.（）underlinedword"deteriorates"inthelastparagraphprobablymeans"________."A.continuesB.worsensC.existsD.improves（）author'spurposeofwritingthetextismostlikely_________.A.advertisepersuadeC.informD.entertain【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文是一篇說明文，科學(xué)家稱，人工智能可以預(yù)測心臟病患者何時(shí)死亡，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以通過找到需要更積極治療的病人來挽救生命。以及該軟件對(duì)病人的預(yù)測

方式和未來應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。（）查細(xì)節(jié)解。根據(jù)第一段中“Artificialintelligencecanpredictwhenpatientswithaheartdisorderwilldie,accordingscientists.”科家稱，人工智能可以預(yù)測心臟病患者何時(shí)會(huì)死亡。）可知人工智能可以預(yù)測心臟病患者能存活多久。故選。（）查細(xì)節(jié)解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“teamtotestthesoftwareinotherpatientsindifferenthospitalsbeforeassessingwhetheritshouldbewidelyavailabletodoctors.該隊(duì)現(xiàn)在想要測試該軟件在不同醫(yī)院的其他病人身上是否有效，然后再評(píng)估是否應(yīng)該讓醫(yī)生廣泛使用。可知該軟件尚未廣泛使用。故選B。（）查詞義測。根據(jù)最后一段中“l(fā)eavesthemneedingalungtransplant病人需要進(jìn)行肺移植，可知電腦軟件在醫(yī)療實(shí)踐中的應(yīng)用，將有助于醫(yī)生在未來確保病人在病情惡化并需要肺移植之前得到正確的治療。故劃線單詞意思惡”。故選B。（）查推理斷。根據(jù)第一段中“Artificialintelligencecanpredictwhenpatientswithaheartdisorderwilldie,accordingscientists.”科家稱，人工智能可以預(yù)測心臟病患者何時(shí)會(huì)死亡。以及文章主要內(nèi)容為說明人工智能可以預(yù)測心臟病患者能存活多久，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可以通過找到需要更積極治療的病人來挽救生命?？芍髡邔戇@篇文章的目的最有可能是提供信息。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀你，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解GarbagesortinghashotissueChina,especiallyafterShanghaibegancarryingoutregulationonJuly1.Beijing,asaforerunnerinenvironmentalprotection,thusexpectedtofollowsuit.Thecapitalofthecountryhaslongbeencampaigningforsortingrecyclinghouseholdwaste,aspartitsenvironmentaldriveforsustainablegrowth,localmediareported.Thecurrentregulationgivesgarbagesortingresponsibilitiestogovernmentdepartments,propertymanagementgroupsandotherorganizations.Italsogivesrulesforcompanies,outlininghowthey'reresponsibleforwastecollection,transportationandtreatment.Onlyindividualsnotsubjecttoresponsibilities.Thelong-awaitedrevisionsoonchangethesituation,"Takingoutthetrashwithoutsortingproperlywillbeillegal,"saidSunXinjun,directortheBeijingCommissionofUrbanManagement.InShanghai,violatorsarenowfinedupto200yuan($30)fortrash-sortingviolations.ThemaximumfineinBeijingnotbelessthanthat,hesaid.TheBeijingcitygovernmentfirstsetouttopromotegarbagesortingin2009.Authoritieshavesincecalledoncitizenstosorttheirhouseholdwasteintofourtypes-recyclablewaste,kitchentrash,dangerouswasteandothers-andleaveinacorrespondingdustbinortrashcan.Blue-coloreddustbinssignifyitemswithinarerecyclable,greenrepresentskitchentrash,redcorrespondstodangerousmaterialsgreytootherwaste.Topromotetheawarenessgarbagesortingexpandtheofparticipants,authorities

haveemployedworkershelpresidentsonspot.Withintelligentdevices,whothrowinrecyclablewasteatgivensiteswillwithbonuspoints,beusedtobuydailygoods.Atsomecommunities,therearenocolor-codeddustbins.Instead,ascheduledgarbagecollectionserviceofferedtohelpimprovetheenvironment.Inothercommunities,workersofferadoor-to-doorservicecollectrecyclablesorkitchenwaste.BeijingEnvironmentalSanitationEngineeringhasgarbagesortingfacilitiessuchrecyclingcabinetsandsmartkitchentrashsinceXinhuaAgencyreported.26,000metricofhouseholdwasteisgeneratedacrossBeijingonadailybasisand29terminalgarbagedisposalfacilitiesareworkingatfullcapacity.Nearly9.3milliontonsofhouseholdwastewasprocessedinthecitylastyear.（）thepassage,whichdustbinsshouldsomeusedcokecansbethrowninto?A.Grey-coloreddustbins.B.Red-coloreddustbins.Green-coloreddustbins.Blue-coloreddustbins.（）canlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.newtechnologyhasbeenappliedtohelpdealgarbageB.BeijingcarriedoutsevereongarbagesortingthanShanghaitheofthecurrentregulationhasarousedobjectioncitizenstheofhouseholdwasteinBeijingisfarsomethingdisturbing（）isbestfortext?A.HowSortinChinaB.TheCurrentRegulationinBeijingC.GarbageCollectioninBeijingD.WasteRecyclingProject（）passagecanbesortedas________.A.abookreviewB.atravelbrochureC.anenvironmentreportD.ageographyessay【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說文，介紹了垃圾分類在北京的實(shí)施情況。（）查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Blue-coloreddustbinssignifyitemswithinarerecyclable,可知，藍(lán)色垃圾箱裝的是可回收垃圾，而用過的可樂罐屬于可回收垃圾，應(yīng)投入藍(lán)色垃圾箱內(nèi)，故選。（）查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Withintelligentdevices,thosethrowinrecyclableatgivensiteswithbonuspoints可，了智能設(shè)備，那些將垃圾投入到指定垃圾箱的市民將獲得獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)積分，由此可知，新技術(shù)已應(yīng)用于幫助處理垃圾，故選A。（）查主題大意。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第二段中的

“Beijing,asaforerunnerin

environmentalprotection,hasthusbeenexpectedtofollowsuit.可知，本文主要介紹了垃圾分類在北京的實(shí)施情況，故選。（）查推理判斷。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹的是垃圾分在北京的實(shí)施情況，這屬于環(huán)保話題，因此文章可能是一份環(huán)境報(bào)告，故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解Thenewsocialrobots,includingJibo,Cozmo,KuriandM.A.X.,bearresemblancetoassistantslikeApple'stheserobotswithsomethingmore.Theyaredesignedtowinusovernotwiththeirsmartsbutwiththeirpersonality.Theyaresoldascompanionsthatthantalktomagazinehailed(

稱贊therobotsthat"couldfundamentallyreshapehowweinteractmachines."isreshapingweinteractwithmachinesathing,especiallyforchildren?Someresearchersinfavoroftherobotsdon'tseeaproblemwiththis.Peoplehaverelationshipswithkindsofthings.sayrobotsarejustanotherthingwithwhichcanhaverelationships.supporttheirargument,roboticistspointtohowchildrendealwithtoydolls.Childrenanimate(賦予生dollsandturnintoimaginaryfriends.Jibo,asense,beonemoreimaginaryfriend,andarguablyamoreintelligentandone.Gettingattachedtodollsandsociablemachinesdifferent,though.Today'srobotstellchildrenthatemotions,friendships,evendreamstoshare.Inreality,thewholegoaltherobotsemotionaltrickery.Forinstance,Cozmotherobotneedstobefed,repairedandplayedwith.BorisSofman,chiefexecutiveAnki,Cozmo,saysthatideaistocreate"adeeperanddeeperemotionalconnectionAndneglectfeelthepainofthat."Whatisthepointofthis,exactly?Whatdoestofeelthepainofneglectingsomethingfeelsnopainbeingneglected,orfeelangeratbeingneglectedsomethingthatdoesn'tevenknowisneglectingyou?Thisshouldnotbeouronlyconcern.troublingthattheserobotstrytoempathizewithchildren.Empathyallowstoputourselvestheplaceofothers,theyfeeling.Robots,haveemotionsshare,theyputthemselvesourplace.Nomatterwhatroboticcreatures"say"orsqueak,theydon'tunderstandemotionallives.Theypresentthemselvesasempathymachines,buttheyaremissingtheessentialequipment.Theyhavenotborn,don'tknowpain,death,orRobotthinkingmaybethinking,butrobotfeelingisneverfeeling,androbotloveneverlove.Whatalsotroublingthatchildrentakerobots'behaviortoindicatefeelings.therobotsinteractwiththem,childrentakethisasevidencethattherobotslikethem,andwhenrobotsdon'tworkneeded,childrenalsotakepersonally.Theirrelationshipswiththerobotsaffecttheirself-esteem(自).Instudy,an8-year-oldconcludedthattherobotstoppedtalkingtohimbecausetherobotlikedbrothersbetter.Forsolong,ofartificialintelligenceofferingusnotonlysimplehelpbut

conversationandcare.Nowthatdreamreal,itistimedealtheemotionaldownsideoflivingwithrobotsthat（）thenewsocialrobotsdifferentfromA.Theyareintendedtochildrenhowtalk.B.aredesignedtoattractpeoplewiththeirsmarts.Theirmainfunctionistoevaluatechildren'spersonality.haveanewwaytocommunicatewithbeings.（）Paragraph3Cozmoisusedasanexampletoshowthatthesocialrobots______.A.aredeeplyconnectedbeingsB.areunabletobuildrealrelationshipchildrenaresoadvancedthatfeelpainofhumanbeingsarenotgoodcarryoutinstructionsofchildren（）underlinedphrase"essentialequipment"inParagraph4refersto______.A.B.painC.fearthinking（）offollowingthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point要C:ConclusionA.B.

【答案】（）（）（）（）【解析】【析】本文是一篇議論文，新的社交機(jī)器人與以往機(jī)器人不同，他們不僅比我們聰明還有他們的個(gè)性。時(shí)代周刊稱它徹底改變了我們與機(jī)器互動(dòng)的方式。但是對(duì)這種改變有的科學(xué)家贊同而有很多人也很擔(dān)憂。（）查推理斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“newsocialrobots,includingCozmo,KuriMeccanoM.A.X.,bearresemblancetoassistantslikeApple'sbuttheserobotswithsomethingmore.”可，新的社交機(jī)器人與像蘋果的這樣的助理有相同之，但比它們有更多功能；再根據(jù)第一段中的“magazinehailed(稱therobotsthat“couldfundamentallyreshapehowweinteractmachines.可，社交機(jī)器人徹底改了我們與

機(jī)器互動(dòng)的方式，可以推知以一種新的方式與人們交流互動(dòng)。故選D。（）查推理判斷Cozmo是三段的舉例，舉例肯定是用來證明本段或者其前邊的觀點(diǎn)的。本段的中心是Gettingattachedtoandsociablemachinesdifferent,though.與洋娃娃相處與與社交機(jī)器相處是不同的；再根據(jù)第三段中“Whatdoesitmeantofeeltheofneglectingthatfeelspainatbeingneglected,ortofeelangeratbeingneglectedbysomethingthatdoesn'tevenknowitisneglectingyou?你得忽略了機(jī)器人而難受，但是機(jī)器人并不會(huì)感覺被忽略，或者你感覺機(jī)器人冷落了你而難受但是機(jī)器人根本不知道它冷落了你，這些意味著什么呢？可知，社交機(jī)器人并不能真的跟小朋友建立感情。故選。（）查詞義測。根據(jù)第四段中“Theyhavenotbeenborn,theydon'tpain,ordeath,orRobotthinkingmaybethinking,robotfeelingisneverfeeling,robotloveisneverlove.可知，社交機(jī)器人不知道疼，死亡或害怕。社交機(jī)器人的維可能是在想，但是他們的感覺從來不是感覺，他們的愛也從來不是愛。這句話是證明劃線單詞所在句子的論點(diǎn)的，他們是會(huì)同情的機(jī)器，但是他們?nèi)鄙俑星?，?dǎo)致他們所謂的感情是假的。所以劃線單詞詞意為情感。故選A。（）查篇章結(jié)構(gòu)。分析文章內(nèi)容，第一段提出觀點(diǎn)：社交機(jī)人改變了我們與機(jī)器互動(dòng)的方式。第二段提出一些支持這一改變的專家的想法，第三段提出一些人對(duì)這一改變的擔(dān)憂，并且第三段后半部分以及第四段、第五段分別是這些人的三點(diǎn)擔(dān)憂。最后一段總結(jié)這一趨勢面臨的現(xiàn)狀。所以文章提出觀點(diǎn)后，分為支持和反對(duì)兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，反對(duì)方面又列出了三點(diǎn)擔(dān)憂，最后一段總結(jié)。故選?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解HipsterGreenport:4placestoeat,shopandvisitGreenportmaydateto1630s,it'sfeelingprettyof-the-momentrightnow.arefourplacesthatembodytheold-meets-newenergyofthevillage:Claudio'syou'vebeentoGreenport,youcan'tmissClaudio's—wheregenerationsofLongIslandershavemadeatraditionofeating,insiderestaurantatthefloatingdock-bar.Thenewownershaveaddedfreshelements:BaccanoPizzabyNino,whichoffersavarietyslicesanduntillateas2a.m.onFridaysandSaturdays—isrightbythedockentrance.LittleCreekOysterFarm&MarketlittlespotslikethisthatthecurrentGreenportstory.There'ssignoradvertisingforthistinyhousechangedfromthecabinofanoldshipthat'spracticallyhiddendownBootlegger'sAlleyMitchellPark.Buttheretheyare—streamsofpeoplewhocomeenjoythefreshoysterswhiledrinkinglocalcraftbeer,withawatersideview.TheVintageNostalgia(懷舊forbygonetimesrunshighinthisbuilding,whichonceservedas

baseforSuffolkTimesnewspaper.Thesedays,thiswell-designedshopsellsvinylrecords(黑膠唱片andloadsofold-fashionedclothingandhomedecorationincludingmid-centuryhighballsets.GreenportFireHeatinmanyformsandseveralsoldhere—hotsauces,cigarscandles.Consultthechalkboardforcurrentsauceofferingsorbrowsecigarsasahand-rolledHonduranLeafbyorCellarReservemadewith18-year-agedtobacco.（）specialGreenport?A.Itisaplaceofenergy.Itisaporttheworld.Itisacombinationofnewandold.Itisapopularplaceofinterest.（）youinTheTimesVintage?A.Youcanenjoydeliciousoysters.Youcanbuysomeoldthings.Youcanfindhand-rolledYoucanhaveBaccanoPizza.（）yousmoker,youmaybeinterested_________.A.Claudio'sB.LittleCreekOysterC.FireTheVintage【答案】（）（）（）【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)文，介紹了綠港（）這個(gè)村莊里能體現(xiàn)新舊融合的四個(gè)地方。（）查細(xì)節(jié)解。根據(jù)第一段中“it'sfeelingprettyof-the-momentnow.Herearefourplacesthatembodytheold-meets-newenergyofthevillage…”但在感覺很時(shí)髦。這里有四個(gè)地方體現(xiàn)了這個(gè)村莊新舊活力的融合?？芍?，綠港融合了新舊事物。故選C。（）查細(xì)節(jié)解。根據(jù)第四段中“days,thiswell-designedshopsellsvinylrecords(黑唱)andloadsold-fashionedclothingdecorationitemsincludingmid-centuryhighball”如，這家精心計(jì)的商店出售黑膠唱片、大量的老式服裝和家居裝飾用品，包括20世紀(jì)中期的highball電視機(jī)?？芍?，在Vintage能買到一些老式的東西。故選B。（）查細(xì)節(jié)解。根據(jù)最后一段“...andseveralaresoldhere—hotsauces,cigarsandcandles.”其有幾種在這里出售—辣、雪茄和蠟燭?？芍?，喜歡抽煙的人應(yīng)該對(duì)GreenportFire感趣。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀。考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解FaceApphastakenbystorm,givingusersthechanceseethemselvesagethroughitsalgorithm.12.7millionpeople—somethreemillionmorethanthepopulationofYorkCity—reportedlydownloadedoneseven-dayperiodlastmonth.AlthoughRussianhasbecomeknownforprivacyissues,moreinterestinglessonofourfling(盡玩樂)iswhatitusaboutour—andfutureturns

outwemoreinterestedinagingthanwerealized.I'msurprisedbythis.Mostpeoplearedenial否)aboutolddoingalmostnothingtoprepareforit.Werarelyhaveatoplanforthefuture,withincreasingtimeandfinancialpressures.Thosepressuresbringsacrificesmaynotalwayswanttomake:wecanlongertospendthetimeneededtolookafterourelderlyparents.Asafamilydoctor,seethelonelinessepidemicdeveloping.Elderlypatientscomeseemenoparticularillness,clearmedicalissue.Afterafewminutesoftheconsultation,Iunderstandwhy:they'renotsick,andoftentheydon'tfeelsick.Theyjustneedsomeoneanyone-totalkto.Althoughlonelinesshasmedicalclassification,thehealtheffectsarereal:theresultoflonelinessandisolationcanbeharmfultoourhealthassmoking15cigarettesaday,ismoredamagingthanobesity.lonelinessdoescomewithnearlyhealthwarnings.Sowhatnext?Since1980,livingonaverage10yearslonger.Atthesametime,peoplearehavingfewerchildren,andarehavingmuchThesnakeofworldclasshealthserviceeatingcareisprolonging(延長people'slives,butastheratioofpensioners(退人)working-agepeopleincreases,theretaxpayersfundthathealthservice.Intothisvoidsteppedcharitiesvolunteers.Butthelongterm,theonlywaytotrulyhelptheoldestmetersoursocietyistogobacktothetraditionalvalues兩代間的)—oftenundersameroof.Ultimately,willneedtoevolveculturewhereelderlycaretreatedsameaschildcare,whereemployersrecognizethedutyofsomeonewithanelderlyparentthesamewaytheyrecognizethoseofsomeonewithanewbornchild.（）exampleofFaceAppisusedtoA.thepopularityofitB.explainthefunctionofitshowprogressoftechnologyD.int