2023年高考英語全程訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃：專練（1） 細(xì)節(jié)理解題

第頁專練(一)細(xì)節(jié)理解題強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練1——直接信息理解類A(2023·甘肅重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體高三上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考)MaryKrupabecamefriendswiththegreysquirrelsduringherfirstweekatPennState，afterspottingthemrunningaroundandidly(漫不經(jīng)心地)wonderingwhattheywouldlooklikewithtinyhatsontheirheads.Today，everyoneattheuniversityknowsherasthe“SquirrelGirl〞．Marystartedbringingthemfood，andgraduallytheybegantotrusther.Shemanagedtoputahatonasquirrelandtakeapicture.Thinkingthathercolleaguescoulddowithsomethingtolifttheirspirits，shestartedpostingsimilarphotosonFacebook.Theresponsewasgreatlypositive，andbeforelongMaryandhersquirrelsbecameanInternetsensation.GrowingupinaneighborhoodoutsideofStateCollege，Marywasalwaysfondofbirdsandanimalsaroundherhome，butshedidn'tinteract(交流)withpeopleverymuch.ShewaslaterdiagnosedwithAsperger'ssyndrome，butthesquirrelschangedthat.“Thesquirrelshelpmebreaktheice，becauseI'llbesittingherepattingasquirrelandotherpeoplewillcomeoverandwe'lljuststartlikefeedingthesquirrelstogetherandchattingaboutthem，〞shesaid.“Iamalotmoreoutgoing.〞Andincaseyou'rewonderinghowMaryisabletogetthesquirrelstodowhatshewantsforherphotos，ithasalottodowithfood.Forexample，whenevershewantsthemtoholdorplaywithsomething，sheputspeanutbutterontheprop(道具)，andthey'llgrabit.Butgettingtothatparttookawhile.Inthebeginning，shewouldthrowpeanutsupthetreesoncampusandinvitethesquirrelstocomedownandgetthem，buttheyhesitatedtoapproachher.Shehadthepatiencetoearntheirtrust，though.Thisyear，MaryisgraduatingwithadegreeinEnglishandwildlifesciences.Shewantstobeasciencewriterandeducatepeopleonhowtopreservetheenvironment.Asforherfurryfriends，Maryplanstostayintheareaandvisitthemasoftenasshecan.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sensation〞inParagraph2probablymean?A．Hit.B．Challenge.C．Attack.D．Link.2．WhatkindofchangedosquirrelsbringtoMary?A．Sheissickerthanbefore.B．Sheismoreinterestedinanimals.C．Sheismoresociablethanbefore.D．Sheislesswillingtogotocollege.3．HowdidMarymanagetotakephotosofsquirrelswearinghats?A．Byputtingthemincages.B．Byplayingmusictothem.C．Byattractingthemwithcolorfulfood.D．Bybuildingacloserelationshipwiththem.4．WhichwordscanbestdescribeMary?A．Confidentandstrong.B．Patientandcaring.C．Sociableandhealthy.D．Traditionalandhard-working.【解題導(dǎo)語】賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)的“松鼠女孩〞Mary曾經(jīng)被診斷出患有阿斯伯格綜合征，但是松鼠改變了她，使她變得外向起來。在和松鼠之間建立了信任以后，Mary拍了一些戴帽子的松鼠的照片，在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上引起了轟動?！倦y句分析】Andincaseyou'rewonderinghowMaryisabletogetthesquirrelstodowhatshewantsforherphotos，ithasalottodowithfood.分析：這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。句中incase引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，該從句中how引導(dǎo)賓語從句Maryisabletogetthesquirrelstodowhatshewantsforherphotos作動詞wondering的賓語，該賓語從句中what引導(dǎo)另一個(gè)賓語從句，作動詞do的賓語。譯文：如果你想知道Mary是如何能夠讓松鼠做她想讓它們做的從而得到(她想要的)照片，這與食物有很大關(guān)系。1．A考查詞義猜想。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theresponsewasgreatlypositive,andbeforelongMaryandhersquirrelsbecameanInternetsensation〞可知，Mary拍的照片得到了非常積極的回應(yīng)，在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上引起了轟動。hit“風(fēng)行一時(shí)的事物〞與畫線詞意思相近，所以A項(xiàng)正確。2．C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，Mary之前不善于交際，并被診斷患有阿斯伯格綜合征，但是松鼠改變了她，使她變得外向了。3．D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的描述可知，想給松鼠拍照需要借助食物，但并不是只要給松鼠食物，松鼠就會讓她拍出想要的照片，她必須和松鼠之間建立信任而親密的關(guān)系。4．B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文中Mary與松鼠的相處及第四段中的“Shehadthepatiencetoearntheirtrust，though〞可知，Mary有耐心且有愛心。B(2023·福州市高三畢業(yè)班適應(yīng)性練習(xí))Knownas“TheManwiththeGoldenArm〞，nearlyeveryweekforthepast60years，JamesHarrisonhasdonatedbloodplasma(血漿)fromhisrightarm.Thereasonscandatebacktoaseriousmedicalprocedure.“WhenIwas14，Ihadachestoperation，〞r(shí)ecallsHarrison，whoisnowaged80.“MyfathersaidIhadreceived13unitsofbloodandmylifehadbeensavedbyunknownpeople.SoIsaidwhenI'moldenough，I'llbecomeablooddonor.〞SoonafterHarrisonbecameadonor，doctorscalledhimin.Hisblood，theysaid，couldbetheanswertoadeadlyproblem.“InAustralia，upuntilabout1967，therewereaboutthousandsofbabiesdyingeachyearbecauseoftherhesusdisease(恒河猴溶血病)，〞explainsJemmaFalkenmire，oftheAustralianRedCrossBloodService.Harrisonwasdiscoveredtohaveanunusualantibody(抗體)inhisbloodandinthe1960sheworkedwithdoctorstousetheantibodiestodevelopaninjection(注射)calledAnti-Dwhichcanpreventthisdisease.Harrison'sbloodisprecious.EverybatchofAnti-DthathaseverbeenmadeinAustraliahascomefromHarrison'sblood.HeandAnti-Darecreditedwithsavingthelivesofmorethan2millionbabies，accordingtotheAustralianRedCrossBloodService：That'sabout2millionlivessavedbyoneman'sblood.Harrisonisconsideredanationalhero，andhaswonnumerousawards.Hehasnowdonatedhisplasmamorethan1,000times，butnomatterhowmanytimeshe'sgivenbloodthere'sonethingthatwillneverchange：“Ilookattheceilingorthenurses，maybetalktothemabit，butneveroncehaveIwatchedtheneedlegoinmyarm.Ican'tstandthesightofblood，andIcan'tstandpain，〞hesays.5．WhatwasthemainreasonforHarrison'sbecomingablooddonor?A．Hehasagoldenarm.B．Hehaspreciousbloodplasma.C．Hisfatherencouragedhimtohelpothers.D．Donatedbloodoncemadehimsurvive.6．WhyisJames'bloodprecious?A．JameshastheAnti-Dinhisblood.B．Hisbloodismoreusefulintreatingtherhesusdisease.C．James'bloodisthemainsourceofAnti-DinAustralia.D．Jameshasdonatedmoreplasmathanotherdonators.7．HowdoesHarrisonfeelwhendonatinghisplasma?A．Nervous.B．Relaxed.C．AnxiousD．Excited.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了JamesHarrison用自己的血液挽救了超過兩百萬名嬰兒生命的故事。5．D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段的“MyfathersaidIhadreceived13unitsofbloodandmylifehadbeensavedbyunknownpeople.SoIsaidwhenI'moldenough，I'llbecomeablooddonor〞可知，Harrison知道他的生命是被不相識的人救的，所以長大要做一個(gè)獻(xiàn)血者。故D項(xiàng)正確。6．C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段第一、二句“Harrison'sbloodisprecious.EverybatchofAnti-DthathaseverbeenmadeinAustraliahascomefromHarrison'sblood〞可知，Harrison的血液珍貴的原因是他的血液是澳大利亞Anti-D的主要來源，故C項(xiàng)正確。7．A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ilookattheceilingorthenurses,maybetalktothemabit，butneveroncehaveIwatchedtheneedlegoinmyarm〞可知，在獻(xiàn)血時(shí)他看著天花板或者護(hù)士，也許跟護(hù)士聊一聊，但從來不看針扎進(jìn)手臂。據(jù)此可以判斷，他在獻(xiàn)血時(shí)很緊張，故A項(xiàng)正確。C(2023·濟(jì)寧市高考模擬考試)Twoyearsago，DimasAliprandiandEltonPlasterdidn'tknowofeachother'sexistence.Thentheylearnedtheyhadbeenswitchedatbirthbymistakemorethan20yearsago.Thediscoverydidn'tbringbitterness.Rather，itledtothecreationofabiggerfamily.ThechainofeventsstartedwithDimas，whowasalwayswonderingwhyhedidnotlooklikethefoursistershegrewupwith.Hewas14whenhisdoubtsgrewafterwatchingaTVnewsreportonbabiesgettingswitchedatbirthbecauseofmistakesathospitals.HewantedtodoaDNAtest，butitwastooexpensiveforthefamily.Adecadelater，Dimasdiditonhisown.TheDNAtestshowedthathewasnotthebirthsonofthemanandwomanwhohadraisedhim.Thenewswasashockforhisparents.Theyatfirstrefusedtobelievetheresults，buteventuallydecidedtohelphimlookforhisbiologicalparents.ThesearchbeganattheMadreTherecordsledDimastothe35-acrefarmwherePlasterlivedwithhisparents，NilzaandAdelson，inthetownofSantaMariadeJetiba，about30milesfromtheAliprandihomeinJoaoNeiva.Aftertests，thePlastersdiscoveredthatEltonwasthebiologicalsonofthemanandwomanthatDimashadbeencallingMomandDadfor24years.Meanwhile，thecoupleEltonhadalwaysregardedashisbiologicalparentswereDimas'parents.Aboutayearago，AliprandiandtheparentswhoraisedhimacceptedanofferfromthePlasterstomovetotheirfarm，wheretheybuiltahome.“Thisisthewayitshouldbe，〞AdelsonPlasterrecentlytoldGloboTV.“WearealltogetherandInowhavetwosonslivingandworkinghere.〞8．Whowasthefirsttodiscoverthebabyswitch?A．EltonPlaster.B．DimasAliprandi.C．GloboTV.D．Thehospital.9．WheredotheAliprandisnowlive?A．InSaoPauo.B．InJoaoNeiva.C．InMadreReginaProtmann.D．InSantaMariadeJetiba.10．WhatdidtheAliprandisdowhentheyknewaboutthebabyswitch?A．TheytookanotherDNAtest.B．Theyswitchedthehospital'srecords.C．TheyhelpedDimasfindhisbirthparents.D．TheywenttoGloboTVformoreinformation.11．WhoareEltonPlaster'sbiologicalparents?A．TheAliprandis.B．ThePlasters.C．DimasandElton.D．NilzaandAdelson.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。兩個(gè)名叫DimasAliprandi和EltonPlaster的同齡人由于出生時(shí)在醫(yī)院被抱錯(cuò)，互換了父母和家庭，但這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤反而促成了一個(gè)新的大家庭的誕生。長難句分析：Aboutayearago,AliprandiandtheparentswhoraisedhimacceptedanofferfromthePlasterstomovetotheirfarm,wheretheybuiltahome.(最后一段第一句)分析：本句是復(fù)合句。who引導(dǎo)定語從句，指代先行詞theparents；where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代先行詞“farm〞。譯文：大約一年以前，Aliprandi和他的養(yǎng)父母接受了Plaster一家的提議，搬到了他們的農(nóng)場，在那里他們組建了新家。詞匯積累：existencen．存在switchv．調(diào)換，轉(zhuǎn)變eventuallyadv.終于，最終biologicaladj.生物學(xué)的，有血親關(guān)系的8．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“ThechainofeventsstartedwithDimas...hegrewupwith.〞并聯(lián)系下文內(nèi)容可知，Dimas覺得自己和一同長大的四個(gè)姐妹長得不像，于是在長大后做了DNA鑒定，所以是他首先發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被抱錯(cuò)了。應(yīng)選B。9．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句中的“Aboutayearago，AliprandiandtheparentswhoraisedhimacceptedanofferfromthePlasterstomovetotheirfarm〞并結(jié)合下一句可知，DimasAliprandi和他的父母現(xiàn)在同Plaster一家住在一起；再聯(lián)系倒數(shù)第二段第一句中的“wherePlasterlivedwithhisparents，NilzaandAdelson，inthetownofSantaMariadeJetiba〞可知，Plaster一家住在SantaMariadeJetiba；由此可知，DimasAliprandi和父母現(xiàn)在住在SantaMariadeJetiba。應(yīng)選D。10．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Theyatfirstrefusedtobelievetheresults，buteventuallydecidedtohelphimlookforhisbiologicalparents.〞可知，Dimas的父母最初拒絕相信這樣的結(jié)果，但是最后決定幫助他尋找親生父母。應(yīng)選C。11．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“Aftertests，thePlastersdiscoveredthatEltonwasthebiologicalsonofthemanandwomanthatDimashadbeencallingMomandDadfor24years.〞可知，EltonPlaster的親生父母是Dimas的養(yǎng)父母，即Aliprandi夫婦。應(yīng)選A。強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練2——eq\x(間接信息理解類)A(2023·山東師大附中高三第八次模擬考試)MillionsofpeoplevisitYosemiteNationalParkeveryyeartoseethetallwaterfallsandmountains.Themountainsareasplendidsightwhenviewedfromthevalleyfloor.Lotsofstores，hotels，andrestaurantsareneededtohandlethecrowds.Also，water，roads，andotherservicesystemsarepartoftheinfrastruc-ture(根底設(shè)施)thatmustbemaintained.Unfortunately，thesesystemsarestartingtobreakdown.It'snotjustinYosemitebutinnationalparksaroundthenation.YosemiteisthirtyyearsoldaccordingtoDennisCalvin，aNationalParkServiceworker.Theparkisnotonlyoldbutwornout.Twoorthreetimesasmanyvisitorscomeeveryyear.Thatistoomanyvisitorsfortheparktodealwith.FouryearsagoastormwashedoutawaterpipelineintheGrandCanyon.TheNationalParkServicehadtosendwatertruckstoprovidewaterforthevisitors.Lastmonthpipesalmostbrokeagainandroadshadtobeclosedforawhile.Whyhasn'ttheNationalParkServicekeptuptheparkrepairs？Thereisalackofmoney.TheUnitedStateshas378monuments，parks，andwildernessareas.Betweenthreeandfourbilliondollarsareneededforrepairs.Yosemiteisonenationalparkthatdoeshavemoneyforrepairs.Ithastwohundredmilliondollarsbutcannotspenditanywayitchooses.Whentheparkworkersstartedwideningtheroad,theywereforcedtostopbytheSierraClub.TheclubclaimedthattheroadworkwasdamagingtheMercedRiverthatrunsthroughthepark.ASierraClublawyer,JuliaOlson,feelsthattheinfrastructureneedstobemovedoutofYosemite.Thatwaylesspressurewillbeputonthealreadycrowdedpark.1．Accordingtothetext，themountainsinYosemitelooksplendidwhentheyareappreciatedfrom________.A．thebottomofthevalleysB．thetopofthemountainsC．thesideofthemountainsD．theedgeofthevalleys2．NationalparkslikeYosemiteintheU．S.finditincreasinglydifficulttomeettheneedofvisitorsbecause________.A．theirtransportmanagementneedsimprovingB．theyspendtoomuchontheirservicesystemsC．theirservicesystemsfrequentlygooutoforderD．theyneedhelpfromenvironmentalorganizations3．ThemainproblemofYosemiteA．rundownwaterpipesB．overcrowdednessC．lackofmoneyD．narrowroads4．Accordingtothetext，theSierraClubismostlikelytobe________.A．a(chǎn)nenvironmentalgroupB．a(chǎn)ninformationcenterC．a(chǎn)travelserviceD．a(chǎn)lawfirm【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。每年有大量游客來到Y(jié)osemite國家公園參觀，這給公園帶來了很多壓力。長難句分析：Whentheparkworkersstartedwideningtheroad,theywereforcedtostopbytheSierraClub.(倒數(shù)第二段第三句)譯文：當(dāng)公園工作人員開始拓寬道路的時(shí)候，他們被Sierra俱樂部強(qiáng)行阻止了。詞匯積累：maintainv．保持，維持claimv．宣稱wearout用壞，破損1．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Themountainsareasplendidsightwhenviewedfromthevalleyfloor.(第一段第二句)譯文：從山谷底部望去，群山是一道壯麗的風(fēng)景。解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，從山谷底部看，Yosemite的山脈看起來很壯麗。應(yīng)選A。2．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Also，water，roads，andotherservicesystemsarepartoftheinfrastructure(根底設(shè)施)thatmustbemaintained.(第一段最后一句)譯文：此外，水、道路和其他效勞系統(tǒng)是必須維護(hù)的根底設(shè)施的一局部。解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句及第二段第一句可知，在美國像Yosemite這樣的國家公園很難滿足游客的需求，因?yàn)樗鼈兊男谙到y(tǒng)經(jīng)常出問題。應(yīng)選C。3．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Twoorthreetimesasmanyvisitorscomeeveryyear.Thatistoomanyvisitorsfortheparktodealwith.(第二段最后兩句)譯文：每年有兩到三倍的游客到這兒來。公園需要應(yīng)付太多的游客了。解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，Yosemite國家公園的主要問題是游客太多，過度擁擠。應(yīng)選B。4．A推理判斷題。ASierraClublawyer,JuliaOlson,feelsthattheinfrastructureneedstobemovedoutofYosemite.Thatwaylesspressurewillbeputonthealreadycrowdedpark.(最后一段)譯文：Sierra俱樂部的律師JuliaOlson認(rèn)為，根底設(shè)施需要搬離Yosemite國家公園。這樣一來，擁擠的公園就不會有太大的壓力了。解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句及第五段最后兩句可推知，Sierra俱樂部可能是一個(gè)環(huán)保組織。應(yīng)選A。B(2023·臨沂市高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測)OxfordEnglishDictionary(OED)editorsrecentlynotedthatthethree-letterword“run〞hasindeedbecomethesinglewordwiththemostmeaningswithabout645differentusagecasesfortheverbformalone，makingitthemostcomplicatedwordintheEnglishlanguage.Thevariousdefinitionsof“run〞featuredintheOED'supcomingthirdeditionbeginwiththeobvious“togowithquicksteps〞，thencontinuetorunonfor75columnsoftype.Howcouldthreelittlelettersberesponsibleforsomuchmeaning？Contextiseverything.Thinkaboutit：Whenyourunafever，forexample，thosethreelettershaveaverydifferentmeaningthanwhenyourunabathtotreatit，orwhenyourbathwaterrunsoverandwetsyourcottonbathrunner，forcingyoutorunouttothestoreandbuyanewone.Andwhenyouranoveranailintheparkinglotandnowyourcarwon'tevenrunproperly...God—you'ddothingsdifferentlyifyourantheworld.WhentheOED'sfirsteditioncameoutin1928，thelongestentrybelongedtoanotherthree-letterword：“set〞．Eventoday，theprinteditionoftheOEDcontainssome200meanings，beginningwith“put，lay，orstand〞andcontinuingonforabout32pages.Sowhathappened?BritishauthorSimonWinchesterbelieves“afeatureofourmoreenergetictimes〞madewordlike“set〞seemmorepassivebycomparison.“Run〞appearstohaveearnedsomemajorliftduringtheIndustrialRevolution.“Machinesrun,clocksrun,computersrun—allofthosemeaningsbeganinthemiddleofthe19thcentury，〞Winchestersays.So，readytorunthroughthewholelistofdefinitions？Ah，toreadall645meaningsyou'llhavetowaitforthenexteditionoftheOxfordEnglishDictionary.5．Whichphrasehasthefirstmeaningof“run〞intheupcomingthirdeditionofOED?A．Torunafever.B．Torunouttothestore.C．Torunabath.D．Torunamachine.6．WhatdoesthewriterintendtotellusinParagraph3?A．Variousmeaningsoftheword“run〞．B．Howtouse“run〞inspecificcases.C．Howtolearnabouttheword“run〞．D．Differentwaystoruntheworld.7．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．“Run〞isthemostdifficultword.B．Themeaningof“set〞continuesonfor75columnsoftype.C．“Run〞hadthemostmeaningsin1928.D．“Run〞has645meaningsfortheverbforminthethirdeditionofOED.8．Whatmade“run〞becomethewordwiththemostmeaningsaccordingtoWinchester?A．OxfordEnglishDictionary.B．Thevariousdefinitions.C．Usagecasesoftheword“set〞．D．TheIndustrialRevolution.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。最近?牛津英語詞典?的編輯注意到由3個(gè)字母組成的單詞“run〞僅作為動詞便具有645個(gè)不同用法，成為了英語中最復(fù)雜的單詞。無獨(dú)有偶，還有“set〞一詞，也是用法較多，在詞典中有大約200個(gè)意思。詞匯意義的復(fù)雜多樣化是社會開展、進(jìn)步的象征。長難句分析：OxfordEnglishDictionary(OED)editorsrecentlynotedthatthethree-letterword“run〞hasindeedbecomethesinglewordwiththemostmeaningswithabout645differentusagecasesfortheverbformalone，makingitthemostcomplicatedwordintheEnglishlanguage.(第一段)譯文：?牛津英語詞典?的編輯最近提到3個(gè)字母的單詞“run〞實(shí)際上成了唯一一個(gè)僅就動詞形式來講就擁有645個(gè)不同用法的意義最多的單詞，這使它成為英語語言中最復(fù)雜的單詞。詞匯積累：definitionn．釋義，定義contextn．上下文，語境，背景upcomingadj.即將到來的5．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句中的“upcomingthirdeditionbeginwiththeobvious‘togowithquicksteps’〞可知，第三版?牛津英語詞典?中“run〞的第一個(gè)意思是“跑〞。A項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)燒〞；B項(xiàng)意為“向商店跑去〞；C項(xiàng)意為“洗澡〞；D項(xiàng)意為“運(yùn)行機(jī)器〞。B項(xiàng)符合題意。應(yīng)選B。6．A推理判斷題。第三段作者都是在介紹“run〞搭配的不同詞組及其意義。A項(xiàng)意為“‘run’一詞的多種含義〞，符合題意。應(yīng)選A。7．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“upcomingthirdedition〞及第一段中的“becomethesinglewordwiththemostmeaningswithabout645differentusagecasesfortheverbformalone〞可知，在第三版?牛津英語詞典?中“run〞作為動詞就有645個(gè)意思。A項(xiàng)沒有提及；B、C兩項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。應(yīng)選D。8．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“‘Run’appearstohaveearnedsomemajorliftduringtheIndustrialRevolution.‘Machinesrun，clocksrun，computersrun—allofthosemeaningsbeganinthemiddleofthe19thcentury’〞可知，“run〞一詞的含義在工業(yè)革命時(shí)期開始多起來。應(yīng)選D。C(2023·山東師大附中高三第八次模擬考試)PriscillaOuchidas'“energy-efficient〞houseturnedouttobeahorribledream.Whensheandherengineerhusbandmarriedafewyearsago，theybuilta$100000，three-bedroomhomeinCalifornia.Tightlysealedtopreventairleaks，thehousewasequippedwithsmalldouble-panedwindowsandseveralotherenergy-savingfeatures.Problemsbeganassoonasthecouplemovedin，however.Priscilla'seyesburned.Herthroatwasconstantlydry.Shesufferedfromheadachesandcouldhardlysleep.Itwasasthoughshehadsuddenlydevelopedastrangeillness.Expertsfinallytracedthecauseofherillness.Thelevelofformaldehyde(甲醛)gasinherkitchenwastwicethemaximumallowedbyfederalstandardsforchemicalworkers.Thesourceofthegas?Hernewkitchencupboardsandwall-to-wallcarpeting.TheOuchidasarevictimsofindoorairpollution,whichisnotgivensufficientattentionpartlybecauseofthenation'sdrivetosaveenergy.Theproblemitselfisn'tnew.“Theindoorenvironmentwasdirtylongbeforeenergyconservationcamealong，〞saysMoschandreas,apollutionscientistatGeometTechnologiesinMaryland.“Energyconservationhastendedtoaccentuatethesituationinsomecases.〞Theproblemappearstobemoretroublesomeinnewlyconstructedhomesratherthanoldones.Backinthedayswhenenergywascheap，homebuildersdidn'tworrymuchaboutunsealedcracks.Becauseofsuchleaks，theairinanaveragehomewasreplacedbyfreshoutdoorairaboutonceanhour.Asaresult，thepollutantsgeneratedinmosthouseholdsseldombuilduptodangerouslevels.9．ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethattheOuchidas'house________.A．iswellworththemoneyspentonitsconstructionB．isalmostperfectfromthepointofenergyconservationC．failedtomeetenergyconservationstandardsD．wasdesignedandconstructedinascientificway10．WhatmadetheOuchidas'newhouseahorribledream?A．Lackoffreshair.B．Poorqualityofbuildingmaterials.C．Gasleakageinthekitchen.D．Thenewlypaintedwalls.11．Whywerecracksinoldhousesnotabigconcern?A．Becauseindoorcleannesswasnotemphasized.B．Becausetheyweretechnicallyunavoidable.C．Becauseenvironmentalprotectionwasmoreimportant.D．Becauseenergyusedtobeinexpensive.12．Thispassageismostprobablytakenfromanarticleentitled“________〞．A．EnergyConservationB．HousesC．AirPollutionIndoorsD．TrapsinBuildingConstruction【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了Ouchida夫婦響應(yīng)國家號召建造了節(jié)能的房子，但是因?yàn)榉孔用懿煌革L(fēng)，使室內(nèi)缺少新鮮空氣，而且甲醛含量超標(biāo)，室內(nèi)空氣污染，導(dǎo)致他們的身體出現(xiàn)了狀況。長難句分析：TheOuchidasarevictimsofindoorairpollution，whichisnotgivensufficientattentionpartlybecauseofthenation'sdrivetosaveenergy.(第三段第一句)分析：本句是復(fù)合句。TheOuchidasarevictimsofindoorairpollution是主句；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。譯文：Ouchida夫婦是室內(nèi)空氣污染的受害者，這沒有得到足夠的重視，局部原因是國家鼓勵(lì)節(jié)約能源。詞匯積累：equipv．配備victimn．受害者constantlyadv.經(jīng)常sufficientadj.足夠的9．B推理判斷題。Tightlysealedtopreventairleaks.thehousewasequippedwithsmalldouble-panedwindowsandseveralotherenergy-savingfeatures.(第一段第三句)譯文：房子密封，防止漏氣，房子配備了小的雙層玻璃窗和具有其他幾個(gè)節(jié)能的特點(diǎn)。解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可推知，從節(jié)能的角度來看，他們的房子幾乎是完美的。應(yīng)選B。10．A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二、三段內(nèi)容可推知，Ouchida夫婦的新房子缺少新鮮空氣，并且甲醛含量嚴(yán)重超標(biāo)，這也是房屋主人患病的主要原因。應(yīng)選A。11．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Backinthedayswhenenergywascheap,homebuildersdidn'tworrymuchaboutunsealedcracks.(最后一段第二句)譯文：在能源還是很廉價(jià)的時(shí)候，房屋的建造者對不密封的裂縫并不是很擔(dān)憂。解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，過去不關(guān)心房屋裂縫是因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)能源不貴。應(yīng)選D。12．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要圍繞節(jié)能造成室內(nèi)污染的問題展開論述，因此AirPollutionIndoors適合做標(biāo)題。應(yīng)選C。強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練3——eq\x(正誤判斷類)A(2023·惠州市高三第二次調(diào)研)Areyoulookingforwardtowatchingsomegreatfilmsinthissummer?Herearefourfilmsyouwon'tmiss.WonderWomanWonderWomanisthissummer'smostexcitingfilm.Thoughbeingasuperherofilm，itisthemostunique：youwillseethefirstfemalesuperherostarredbyGalGadot.Ongeneralreleasefrom1June.TheMummyTomCruiseawakensanancientprincesswhohasnowbecomeamummy.Cruisejumpsfromthesky，runsaroundalotandwakesupnakedinasleepingbag—butit'sSofiaBoutellaastheMummywhodrawsthemostattention.DirectorAlexKurtzmanspeakshighlyofSofiaBoutellaastheMummy：“Ifyoulookathereyes，there'sawholeperformancegoingonhere.Evennotsayinganything，shecanconveysomethingveryemotionaltoyou.〞Ongeneralreleasefrom8June.BabyDriverAnselElgortisagetawaydriver，whoisforcedtoworkforacrimeboss.Thisisaaction-romantic-comedyfromBritishwriter-directorEdgarWright.Thesoundinthefilmisasgreatasthevisuals，whichmakesitmuchlikeamusical，butitisquitedifferentfromLaLaLand.BabyDrivAManCalledOveThisfilmhasbecomeoneofSweden'smostpopularcomedies.Inthefilmalonelyretireewhohasgivenuponlife，wastryingtokillhimself，butallhisattemptsfailed.Meanwhile，hedevelopedanunlikelyfriendshipwithhisneighbors.Itisreallyatearjerker(催人淚下的電影)，whichisfunny，tragic，andheartwarmingaswell.Releasedon25MayinHongKong,30JuneintheUK.1．IfyouareabigfanofBatmanandSuperman，whichfilmwillyoulikebest?A．WonderWomanB．TheMummyC．BabyDriverD．AManCalledOve2．AlexKurtzmanspeakshighlyofSofiaBoutellabecause________.A．hereyesareverybeautifulB．shedoesn'tsayanythingastheMummyinthefilmC．shegivesanexcellentperformanceD．sheisawomanwithstrongemotions3．Whichofthefollowingstatementsisrightaccordingtothetext?A．WonderWomanisthefirstsuperherofilm.B．SofiaBoutellaperformsaswellasTomCruise.C．BabyDriverisamusicallikeLaD．TheaudienceofAManCalledOvemayexperiencedifferentfeelings.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了四部電影?！倦y句分析】Ifyoulookathereyes，there'sawholeperformancegoingonhere.Evennotsayinganything，shecanconveysomethingveryemotionaltoyou.分析：本句包含if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句；goingonhere為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語；Evennotsayinganything為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語。譯文：如果你看她的眼睛，(會發(fā)現(xiàn))她的眼里就有完整的表演，即使什么都不說，她(也)能向你傳達(dá)非常有情感的東西。1．A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)WonderWoman局部中的“WonderWomanisthissummer'smostexcitingfilm.Thoughbeingasuperherofilm，itisthemostunique：youwillseethefirstfemalesuperherostarredbyGalGadot〞可知，如果你是Batman和Superman的粉絲，那么同為超級英雄電影的WonderWoman會是你最喜歡的電影。2．C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheMummy局部中的“Ifyoulookathereyes,there'sawholeperformancegoingonhere.Evennotsayinganything，shecanconveysomethingveryemotionaltoyou〞可知，SofiaBoutella即使什么都不說，也能用眼睛很好地傳達(dá)情感，說明她表演得很出色。3．D考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)AManCalledOve局部中的“Itisreallyatearjerker(催人淚下的電影)，whichisfunny,tragic,andheartwarmingaswell〞可知，這部電影既讓人覺得有趣，也讓人覺得悲傷，同時(shí)又很暖心，是一部含有多種感情色彩的電影，所以觀眾在觀影過程中會有不同的情感體驗(yàn)。B(2023·淄博市高三模擬考試)DearXiaoxue，Wearelookingforwardtomeetingyouinafewweeks！TrainingforallstudentsiscompulsoryandstartsonMonday,6February—allthedetailsincludingwhattoexpectarebelow.TrainingMonday,6FebruarytoFriday,24February9：00a．m.—3：00p．m.Building41，Room104Keypointstohighlight：OnMonday,6February，youwillbegivenaworkbookandtimetableforthenext3weeks.OnTuesday,7February，youwillbeintheNursingClinicalLaboratoryandwillneedtowearthecorrectfootwear.Pleaseclick_heretoseewhatisappropriatefootwear.Youalsoneedtobebarebelowtheelbow(肘)justasyouwouldifworkinginaclinicalsettingwithcomfortableclothes—ashortsleevetopisrecommended.Thereisnofacetofacelearningon8,17,23or24February.Thesedaysaresetasideforself-directedlearningactivitiesinyourworkbook.ItiscompulsorythatyouattendallsessionsandpasstheOSCE(clinicalexaminationinweek3)inordertocompletethecurriculum.Youcanbringfoodorpurchaseitfromoneofthemanyshopsoncampus.Thereareseveralmicrowavesandstudentfacilitieslocatedoncampus.DepartmentofScience，Medicine&HealthTrainingThursday,23February9：30a．m.—12：00p．m.Building67，McKinnonFoyerThistrainingisforallstudentsstudyingintheDepartmentofScience，Medicine&Health.ItisanopportunitytomeetotherstudentsstudyingNursingaswellasstaffandeachstudentwillreceiveawelcomepackandtherewillbeactivitiesandlotsoffun!We'reheretohelp！IfyouhaveanyquestionspleasecontacttheProgramCoordinatorMsJo-AnneGrayon(02)42215124orjgray@.au.We'relookingforwardtomeetingyouon6February!Kindregards，F(xiàn)acultyofScience，Medicine&HealthUniversity4．Whenwillstudentsstudybythemselves?A．On6February.B．On7February.C．On8February.D．On18February.5．WhatarestudentssupposedtodointheNursingClinicalLaboratory?A．Putonhats.B．Wearsuitableshoes.C．Wearlongshirts.D．Rollupsleeves.6．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEofthekeypoints?A．Youshouldbringfoodtoschool.B．Youhadbetterattendallsessions.C．Youwillgetyournotebookin3weeks.D．YoumustpasstheOSCEexamtofinishthecourse.7．Whatcanweknowaboutthetrainingof23February?A．Youmusttakepartinmanyactivities.B．Youcanbetrainedhowtobeagoodnurse.C．Youmayhaveachancetomeetsometeachers.D．Youmayreceiveawelcomepackfromotherstudents.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一封信，是關(guān)于一所大學(xué)寫給一名即將要入學(xué)的學(xué)生的一封信，在信中主要介紹了訓(xùn)練課程的要求、安排和重點(diǎn)事項(xiàng)等情況。長難句分析：TrainingforallstudentsiscompulsoryandstartsonMonday,6February—allthedetailsincludingwhattoexpectarebelow.(第一段第二句)譯文：所有學(xué)生都必須參加從二月六日星期一開始的這些訓(xùn)練——你想知道的所有細(xì)節(jié)如下。詞匯積累：compulsoryadj.強(qiáng)制的，義務(wù)的highlightv．強(qiáng)調(diào)appropriateadj.適宜的staffn．員工4．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Keypointstohighlight：〞局部第三段“Thereisnofacetofacelearningon8,17,23or24February.Thesedaysaresetasideforself-directedlearningactivitiesinyourworkbook.〞可知，在2月8日、17日、23日和24日，這所大學(xué)沒有統(tǒng)一安排學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)，在這幾天學(xué)生可以自習(xí)。應(yīng)選C。5．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。OnTuesday,7February,youwillbeintheNursingClinicalLaboratoryandwillneedtowearthecorrectfootwear.(Keypointstohighlight：局部第二段第一句)譯文：在2月7日星期二那天，你將到臨床護(hù)理實(shí)驗(yàn)室并需要穿適宜的鞋。解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，學(xué)生們?nèi)ヅR床護(hù)理實(shí)驗(yàn)室時(shí)需要穿上適宜的鞋。應(yīng)選B。6．D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。ItiscompulsorythatyouattendallsessionsandpasstheOSCE(clinicalexaminationinweek3)inordertocompletethecurriculum.(Keypointstohighlight：局部第四段)譯文：要完成這門課程，你必須參加所有的訓(xùn)練課并通過客觀結(jié)構(gòu)化臨床考試(在第三周進(jìn)行的臨床考試)。解題思路：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵句可知，學(xué)生要完成這門課程，必須通過客觀結(jié)構(gòu)化臨床考試