浙江省寧波市九校2020-2021學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語試題Word版含解析

寧波市2020學(xué)年第一學(xué)期九校聯(lián)考高二英語期末試題第I卷（選擇題部分)第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)：（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。聽下面相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你關(guān)小題1.Whenwillthevolleyballmatchstart?A.At3:30pm.B.At3:50pm.C.At4:30pm.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onabus.B.Inatheater.C.Atasupermarket.3.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hedoesn'tneedasmuchsleepahavemoresleep.B.Hewantstohavemoresleep.C.Hefeelsunwellnow.4.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Washthedishlater.B.Takethewomanout.C.Hivearest.5.Howwillthemanprobablymailthebooks?A.Byordinarymail.B.Byairmail.C.Byairparcel.第二節(jié)：（共15小題；每小題5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。6段材料，回答第6至8三個(gè)小題。1.5,滿分22.5分）聽下面聽第6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirplansforthisterm.

B.Theirfavoritesubjects.C.Theirworkingexperience7.Whatjobwillthemantrytolookfor?A.Arepairman.B.Asalesman.C.Adriver.聽第段材料，回答第至三個(gè)小題。79118.Whydothespeakerslookatthephotos?A.Theyneedtochoosesomeonetousetheircomputer.B.Theywantloadvertisetheirproduct.C.Theyarelookingforafootballplayer.9.Whydoweknowaboutthephotos?A.Mostofthemarechildren.B.Theyarejustwhatthespeakerswant.C.Mostofthemareuselesstothespeakers.聽第段材料，回答第至題。8121410.Wheredidthemangoforthesecondweek?A.ToQueensland.B.ToSydney.C.ToSanFrancisco.11.Howdidthewomanspendmostofthevacation?A.Shestayedindoors.B.Shetouredaroundthecity.C.Shesunbathedonthebeach.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhervacation?A.Wonderful.B.Unpleasant.C.Meaningful.聽第段材料，回答第至題。9151713.Howdopeoplecalleachotherinthewoman’scompany?A.Byusingnicknames.B.Byusingtheirfirstnames.C.Byusingthefamilynames.14.Whatdoesthewomanlikeinhercompany?A.Theofficesareverybig.B.Shehasatwo-weekleave.

.C.Sheweansuitsatwork.15.Whereisthewomanfrom?A.America.B.Australia.C.Britain.16.WhichisoneofthedifferencesbetweenworkingintheUSAandtheUK?A.Americansoftenwearinformalclothes.B.Britishhaveshorterworktime.CAmericanshavealongerholiday.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。17.Whocouldthelistenersmostprobablybe?A.Customers.B.Newstaff.C.Jobapplicants.18.WhatdoesTomMcEwantakechargeof?A.Production.B.Finance.C.HumanResources.19.WhoisMs.JulieNicolsonresponsiblefor?A.Thetechniciansindqualitycontrollers.B.Theaccountclerksandcreditcontrollers.C.Thesalesrepresentativesandafter-salesclerks.20.Whatcanthelistenersdo?A.ConsultIanWeirabouttheirsalaries.B.TalkwithMr.Batemanabouttheirproblems.C.LearnfromJoshuaGoldingerabouttrainingstuff.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)：（共10個(gè)小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheotherdayIwasshoppingatalocalstoreandcameuponaladyfromIndiasquattingonthefloorlookingforacertainproductonthebottomshelf.Shesprangupwhenshesawmeasiftogetoutofmyway.Apologeticallysheexplainedthatshewasacashieratanearbystoreandwasonherlunchbreak,tryingtogetafewneededitemsbeforehertimewasup.

Ireassuredher,"Iaminnohurry.Goaheadanddowhatyouneedtodo."Whileshesearchedforaparticularbrand,shesaidthatsometimescustomerswererudetoheratthestoreandshereallyappreciatedmykindness.ItoldherthatIhadnoticedcashiersbeingtreatedrudelybysomepeople.IalsoexplainedtoherthatIwasaretirednurseandunderstoodsomeofwhatshewassayingfirsthand.Sometimespatients,families,ordoctorscouldbeveryrudeormean.ButItriedtounderstandwhytheywerefeelingthatwayandletitgo."Theworldwouldbeabetterplaceifweallactedkindlytowardeachother.Thosewhoarerudemayhavebadkarmacomingafterthemeventually."Iadded.Shenoddedandwassurprised,“Soyouknowaboutkarma?”Myreplywassimple.“Alittlebit.Karmaisthesamethingasdoingsomethingbadanditcomesbacktobiteyouonthebutt.”Shepaused,lookedpuzzled,thenbrokeoutinabigsmileandcoveredhermouthwithherhand,laughingasshewalkedaway.ItfeltsogoodthatinabriefexchangeIshowedhertherewerekindpeopleintheworld,whichmighthavehelpedherregainherfaithinhumanity.1.Howdidtheladyreactwhenshesawtheauthorinthestore?A.Sheapologizedforherrudemanners.B.Sheinvitedhertohavelunchtogether.C.Shestooduptryingtomakewayforher.D.Shekeptsearchingfortheneededproduct.2.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?A.Kindandunderstanding.B.Courageousandwarm﹣hearted.C.Responsibleandhumorous.D.Sympatheticandopen﹣minded.3.Whatisthemainmessagetheauthorwantstoconvey?A.Workingasacashierisnoeasyjob.B.Thosewhoarerudedeservebadkarma.C.Doingactsofkindnesswillmakepeoplefeelgood.D.Weshouldtreatothersthewaywewanttobetreated.【答案】1.C2.A3.D

【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在一次購物中對(duì)收銀員的友善行為使收銀員感到很溫暖，并有感而發(fā)∶善良是社會(huì)生活的陽光?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段TheotherdayIwasshoppingatalocalstoreandcameuponaladyfromIndiasquatting（蹲下）onthefloorlookingforacertainproductonthebottomshelf.Shesprangupwhenshesawmeasiftogetoutofmyway.(有一看到一位印躲開我似的)她站起來想給她讓路。故選C。天，我在當(dāng)?shù)匾患疑痰曩徫铮扰慷自诘匕迳?，尋找底層貨架上的某種產(chǎn)品。她看到我就跳了起來，好像要可知當(dāng)那位女士在商店里看到作者時(shí)，她的反應(yīng)是【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ButItriedtounderstandwhytheywerefeelingthatwayandletitgo.Theworldwouldbeabetterplaceifweallactedkindlytowardeachother.Thosewhoarerudemayhavebadkarmacomingafterthemeventually.Iadded.(但我試圖理解他們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)有這種感覺，然后放手如果。我們都對(duì)彼此友善，世界會(huì)更美好"粗魯?shù)娜俗罱K可能會(huì)有充道)可知作者是善良且善解A.Kindandunderstanding善良和理解。andwarm﹣hearted勇敢和熱心的。C.Responsibleandhumorous有責(zé)任感和幽默感的。惡報(bào)。我補(bǔ)人意的。B.CourageousD.Sympatheticandopen﹣minded富有同情心、思想開放的。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段IalsoexplainedtoherthatIwasaretirednurseandunderstoodsomeofwhatshewassayingfirsthand.Sometimespatients,families,ordoctorscouldbeveryrudeormean.ButItriedtounderstandwhytheywerefeelingthatwayandletitgo.Theworldwouldbeabetterplaceifweallactedkindlytowardeachother.Thosewhoarerudemayhavebadkarmacomingafterthemeventually.Iadded.(我還向她解釋說我是一名退休護(hù)士，能夠直接聽懂她說的一話。有時(shí)候病人，家人，或者醫(yī)生可能會(huì)很或者刻薄。但我試著去理解他們?yōu)槟欠N感覺,然后就放手了。如果我們都對(duì)彼此友善，世界會(huì)變得更美好。那些粗魯?shù)娜俗罱K可能會(huì)遭到惡報(bào)。我加了一句)可知作者想傳達(dá)的主要信息是我們應(yīng)該以我們想被對(duì)待的方式對(duì)待別人。故選D。些粗魯什么會(huì)有BDespiteallofthemotivationalquotesthatsaygettingoutofcomfortzoneisessentialforyourhappylife,it’sstillastrugglebreakingfromregularroutine.Yourcomfortzoneisaspacefor

balance,andisneithergoodnorbad.It'ssimplyanaturaltendencyweallhave,andwhileleavingitcancauseanxietyandstress,it’softenforthebest.Thebenefitstoleavingyourcomfortzonearemany-sided,impactingnotonlyyouremotionalhealthbutalsoyouryourwork-lifebalance.Forinstance,yourworkproductivitywillincreasebecauseyou’llnolongerbestuckbeingcontentwithtasksthatareeasyforyou.Ratherthanpretendinglobebusy.You’llfeeltheimpactofadeadlineandmakeanefforttolearnfromnewexperiences.Bybreakingoutofyourcomfortzone,youwillbepreparedlodealwithnewandunexpectedchangesinlife.BreneBrown,aresearchprofessoratUniversityofHouston,explainsthisphenomenonfurther,where“oneoftheworstthingswecandoispretendthatfearanduncertaintydon’texist.Bytakingrisksinacontrolledfashionandchallengingyourselftothingsyounormallywouldn'tdo,youcanexperiencesomeofthatuncertaintyincontrolled,manageableenvironment.Learningtoliveoutsideyourcomfortzonewhenyouchoosetocanprepareyouforlifechangesthatforceyououtofit.”You'llfindarenewedsenseofoptimismRegardingobstacles(障礙),andbrainstormtousecreativitytogetyourselftoyourdesiredgoal.Gettingoutofyourcomfortzoneisalsoawaytochallengeyourselfinabeneficialway,aslongasyou'reawareofwhatyourlimitationsareforjustenoughanxietyandstress.YoucanstretchyourpersonalboundariesCodoamazingthings,likeclimbingKilimanjaroormeetingnewpeople.Asyoubreakoutofyourcomfortzonethough,makesureyouyoutaketimelorecovermentallybycomingbacktoyourroutineoccasionallysoyoudon'tburnout.Soon,you’llfindyourselfmakingitahabittoleaveyourcomfortzonetopursuegreater.betterthings.4.Whyisithardforpeopletobreakoutoftheircomfortzone?A.Regularroutinetorturespeoplewithmuchrepeatedwork.B.People'semotionalhealthiscloselyrelatedtotheircomfortzone.C.Breakingthespaceforbalancemakespeopleworriedandpressured.D.Peopleseekforhappylifewithoutfollowingsomeinspiringquotes.5.WhatcanweinferfromBreneBrown’swords?A.Peoplecanequipthemselvestocopewithsomeunknownchangesbychallengingthemselves.B.Peoplealwayspretendtobefearfulbeforetheuncertaintyiscompletelysolvedinlife.C.Peoplecanmaintainabalancebetweenworkandlifethroughgettingoutofcomfortzone.D.Peoplecanlearnlocontroltheuncertaintyinanewenvironmentbybeingexposedtorisks.

6.WhichofthefollowingwaysisNOTsuggestedbythewritertobreakoutofthecomfortzone.A.Sometimescomebacktoyourroutine.B.Formahabittotakesomechallenges.C.Paylessattentiontoyouranxietyandstress.D.Expandourlimitstodosomethingchallenging.【答案】4.C5.A6.C【解析】本文為說明文。文章說明了打破常規(guī)，走出舒適區(qū)是一場(chǎng)斗爭，會(huì)導(dǎo)致焦慮和壓力，但走出舒適區(qū)后會(huì)有很多好處以及打破舒適區(qū)的方法?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Despiteallofthemotivationalquotesthatsaygettingoutofcomfortzoneisessentialforyourhappylife,it’sstillastrugglebreakingfromregularroutine.Yourcomfortzoneisaspaceforbalance,andisneithergoodnorbad.It'ssimplyanaturaltendencyweallhave,andwhileleavingitcancauseanxietyandstress,it’softenforthebest.（盡管所有的勵(lì)志名言都說走出舒適區(qū)對(duì)你的幸福生活至關(guān)重要，但打破常規(guī)仍然是一場(chǎng)斗爭。你的舒適區(qū)是一個(gè)平衡的空間，沒有好壞之分。這只是我們每個(gè)人都有的一種自然傾向，雖然離開會(huì)導(dǎo)致焦慮和壓力，但這通常是最好的）”可知，打破平衡的空間讓人焦慮和有壓力，打破常規(guī)是一場(chǎng)斗爭，這使得人們很難走出舒適區(qū)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“BreneBrown,aresearchprofessoratUniversityofHouston,explainsthisphenomenonfurther,where“oneoftheworstthingswecandoispretendthatfearanduncertaintydon’texist.Bytakingrisksinacontrolledfashionandchallengingyourselftothingsyounormallywouldn'tdo,youcanexperiencesomeofthatuncertaintyincontrolled,manageableenvironment.Learningtoliveoutsideyourcomfortzonewhenyouchoosetocanprepareyouforlifechangesthatforceyououtofit.’（休斯頓大學(xué)的研究教授布琳·布朗一進(jìn)步解釋了這一現(xiàn)象:“我們承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，挑戰(zhàn)自己通常不會(huì)做的事情，你可以在可控的、可管理的定性。當(dāng)你選擇離開你的舒適區(qū)時(shí)，學(xué)會(huì)在舒適區(qū)之外生活，可以讓你為迫使你離開的生活變化做好準(zhǔn)備”）”可推知，一個(gè)人可以通過可控的方式承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，挑戰(zhàn)自己通常不會(huì)做的事情，用來武裝自己，應(yīng)對(duì)一些未知的變化。故選A項(xiàng)。能做的最糟糕的事情之一，就是假裝恐懼和不確定性不存在。通過以可控的方式環(huán)境中體驗(yàn)到一些不確

【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Gettingoutofyourcomfortzoneisalsoawaytochallengeyourselfinabeneficialway,aslongasyou'reawareofwhatyourlimitationsareforjustenoughanxietyandstress.（走出你的舒適區(qū)也是一種挑戰(zhàn)自我的有益方式，只要你意識(shí)到你的限制是什么，可以承受足夠的焦慮和壓力）”可知，我們走出舒適區(qū)需要意識(shí)到自己的限制是什么，可以承受足夠的焦慮和壓力而不是不在意自己的焦慮和壓力。故選C項(xiàng)。CPromisingtobetruthfulhasarealimpactonreducingthenumberofteenswhoarewillingtocheat,accordingtoanewstudyconductedinIndiabyaresearchteamfromtheUniversityofPlymouth.Thefindings,publishedintheJournalofBehavioralDecisionMaking,suggestthatthedesiretobehonestgoesbeyondjustafearofsocialpunishment.“Promisesarewhatwecall“speechacts”andcreatecommitmentsbymerelysayingspecificwords,”saidthestudy’sfirstauthor.Dr.PatriciaKanngiesser.“soonewouldthinkthattheyhaveverylittlebindingpower.Incontrast,researchhasshownoverandoveragainthatmanypeopledokeeptheirword,evenatapersonalcost."Cheatinganddishonesty,evenonasmallscale,canweakentrustandleadtocostsforothers,andsocietyatlarge.Cheatinginacademicsettingsisaproblemworldwide.Asof2018,20%oftheworld’sadolescents—about250millionindividuals—livedinIndiaandthecountry’shighlycompetitiveeducationalsystemmeansacademiccheatingisaconcern.Thestudyinvolvedaseriesofexperimentsamong640adolescents(ages10to14)totesttheeffectivenessofinvitingparticipantstopromisetobetruthful,withpointsthatwouldlaterbeconvertedintoprizesasanencouragement.Forexample,adolescentsplayedagameinwhichtheymentallychosealocationinaboxwith16dice,shooktheboxandrecordedthenumberofthedicefallingintheirchosenposition.Prizeswerebasedontheirtotalreportedscoresafterfifteenrounds.Sincetheinitialchoicewasprivate,opportunisticadunobservableswitchingtoahigherscoringdicewaspossible.Beforethetask,theparticipantsweregivenachoicetopromisetobetruthfulornot.Tomakepromisingtobehonestmoreattractive,thosewhodidsoreceivedextrapoints.Thisgaveevenpotentiallydishonestparticipantsamotivationtochoosetopromise.Controlgroupsofparticipantscouldalsoearnthoseextrapointsbutdidnothavetopromise.

..Theresearcherswereabletoevaluatethedegreeofdishonestybycomparingparticipants’reportedresultstowhatwouldbestatisticallyexpected.Comparedtocontrolgroups,promisesinthestudyeffectivelyloweredcheatingrates,andtheauthorsconcludethattheycouldbeasimpletooltoreducedishonestbehavior.“thisstudyprovidesmoreevidenceofthat,andsuggestspromisescouldbeapowerfulwayofencouragingandsustaininghonestbehaviorinanacademiccontext.”Kanngiessersaid.7.WhywasthestudyconductedinIndia?A.BecauseteensinIndiahaveastrongdesiretobehonest.B.BecauseteenagersmIndiaareundergreatacademicpressure.C.Becauseteen’sacademiccheatingiseducators'bigconcernthere.D.BecausemoreandmoreIndianadolescentsdon'talwayskeeptheirword.8.Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?ABygivingexamplesandanalyzingdata.B.Bycontrollingfiguresandmakingclassification.C.Bymakingcomparisonsandexplainingcauses.D.Bydoingexperimentsandmakingcomparisons.9.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueintheexperimentwithdice?A.Theadolescentswereencouragedtopromisetobetruthful.B.Theeffectivenessofpromisesisnotreflectedintheexperiment.CIt'simpossibleforparticipantstochangetheiroriginalchoiceofposition.D.Thedegreeofdishonestyinthecontrolgroupwascomparativelylower.10.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Honestyisavirtuetobefollowed.B.Promisescanactuallyreduceteencheating.C.Academiccheatingisaworldwideproblem.D.Truthfulnesssimportantlogettinggoodscores.【答案】7.C8.D9.A10.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，承諾誠實(shí)對(duì)減少愿意作弊的青少年的數(shù)量

有切實(shí)的影響。文章介紹了開展這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)的原因以及實(shí)驗(yàn)過程，研究人員表示這項(xiàng)研究提供了更多的證據(jù)，并表明在學(xué)術(shù)背景下，承諾可能是鼓勵(lì)和維持誠實(shí)行為的有力方式。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Asof2018,20%oftheworld’sadolescents—about250millionindividuals—livedinIndiaandthecountry’shighlycompetitiveeducationalsystemmeansacademiccheatingisaconcern.(截至2018年，全球20%的青少年——約2.5億人生活在擔(dān)憂的問題)”以及第四段中“The印度，該國競爭激烈的教育體系意味著學(xué)術(shù)造假是一個(gè)令人studyinvolvedaseriesofexperimentsamong640adolescents(ages10to14)totesttheeffectivenessofinvitingparticipantstopromisetobetruthful,withpointsthatwouldlaterbeconvertedintoprizesasanencouragement.(這項(xiàng)研究涉及了640名青少年——年齡在10到14測(cè)試邀請(qǐng)參與者承諾說真的話效果，)”可知，在印度進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究，是因?yàn)榍嗌倌甑膶W(xué)術(shù)造假是教育工作C?！?題詳解】歲之間——的一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)，以隨后將分?jǐn)?shù)兌換成獎(jiǎng)品作為鼓勵(lì)者的一大擔(dān)憂。故選細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thestudyinvolvedaseriesofexperimentsamong640adolescents(ages10to14)totesttheeffectivenessofinvitingparticipantstopromisetobetruthful,withpointsthatwouldlaterbeconvertedintoprizesasanencouragement.(這項(xiàng)研究——年齡在測(cè)試邀請(qǐng)參與者承諾說真的話效果，10到14歲之間——的)”以及一段中“Theresearcherswereabletoevaluatethedegreeofdishonestybycomparingparticipants’reportedresultstowhatwouldbestatisticallyexpected.(研究人員能夠通過比較參與者報(bào)告的結(jié)果和統(tǒng)計(jì)上預(yù)期的結(jié)果來評(píng)估不誠實(shí)的程來進(jìn)行他們的研究的。度)”可知，研究人員是通過做實(shí)驗(yàn)和D?！?題詳解】倒數(shù)第二段中“涉及了640名青少年一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)，以隨后將分?jǐn)?shù)兌換成獎(jiǎng)品作為鼓勵(lì)最后比較故選細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Beforethetask,theparticipantsweregivenachoicetopromisetobetruthfulornot.Tomakepromisingtobehonestmoreattractive,thosewhodidsoreceivedextrapoints.Thisgaveevenpotentiallydishonestparticipantsamotivationtochoosetopromise.(在任務(wù)開始前，參與者被要求做出承諾是些做到了的人會(huì)得到額外的分?jǐn)?shù)。這甚至給了潛在不誠實(shí)的參與者選擇承諾的動(dòng)機(jī))”可知，在骰子實(shí)驗(yàn)中，被鼓勵(lì)承諾誠實(shí)”正確。故選A選項(xiàng)“青少年A。【10題詳解】否誠實(shí)選擇。為了讓承諾誠實(shí)的人更有吸引力，那

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Promisingtobetruthfulhasarealimpactonreducingthenumberofteenswhoarewillingtocheat,accordingtoanewstudyconductedinIndiabyaresearchteamfromtheUniversityofPlymouth.(普利茅斯大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究小組在印度進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，承諾誠實(shí)對(duì)減少愿意作弊的青少年的數(shù)量有切實(shí)的影響)”結(jié)合文章介紹了開展這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)的原因以及實(shí)驗(yàn)過程，研究人員表示這項(xiàng)研究提供了更多的證據(jù)能是鼓勵(lì)和維持誠實(shí)行為的有力方式。可知，B選項(xiàng)“承諾實(shí)際上可以減少青少年的欺騙行為”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。，并表明在學(xué)術(shù)背景下，承諾可第二節(jié)：（共5個(gè)小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TheendofBritishpubculture?Britishbeerandpubsarefamousaroundtheworld.Thingsarechanging.However,___11___Forthousandsofyears,themostimportanttwobuildingsinanyBritishvillagehavebeenthechurchandthepub.Traditionally,thechurchandthepubareattheheartofanyvillageortown,sinceitiswherethepeoplegathertosocializeandexchangenews.Afterall,theword“pub”isactuallyshortfor“publichouse”.Asaresult,Britishpubsareoftenoldandwellpreserved.___12___ManyBritishpubshaveoldnamesreferringtothemonarchs,suchastheking’sheadorthequeenVictoria,butofcoursethisdoesn’tmeantheyareonlyforkingsandqueens.___13___Onacoldnight,thepub’slandlordorlandladycanalwaysfindawarmplaceforyoubythefire.Thereisalwayshonestandheartyfoodandplentyofdrinkavailableatanaffordableprice.That’showitusedtobe.___14___Economicdownturns,governmental“austeritymeasures”(財(cái)政緊縮政策),andculturalchangesarecausingmanypubstogooutofbusiness.Peopledonothavesparemoneytospendonbeer.Ontopofthat,in2007smokingwasbannedinallpublicindoorspacerincludingspaces,includingpubs,whichmayalsohaveaffectedthenumbersofcustomersgoingtopubssincethen.Tosavetheirbusiness,pubsaretryingtodiversifytoattractnewcustomers.Nowthereareanumberofdifferenttypesofpubs.Besidesa“traditionalpub”,a“gastropub”serveshigher-qualityfoodthanusual.___15___Anda“themepub”caterstospecifictypesofcustomers,suchassportsorkaraokefans.Asyoucansee,Britishpubsnowoffersomethingforeveryone.Andwithvarious“savethepub”campaign,therearesignsthatpeopleareregatheringaroundthesenewkindsofpubswhilesupportingthetraditionalonestobackitsgreatBritishcustomwithpride.A.Don’tBritishpeoplelikedrinkingbeer?B.Manyofthemhavebecomehistoricsitesthattouristsvisit.C.IsthistheendofagreatBritishtradition?D.A“microbrewery”oftenhasfresherbeerthanothertypesofpub.E.Somepubsareallowedlawtostayopenafter11pm.F.Pubshavealwayswelcomedpeoplefromallclassesandpartsofsociety.G.Nowthereareworryingsignsthatthingsarebeginningtodecline.【答案】11.C12.B13.F14.G15.D【解析】本文為說明文。文章說明了英國酒吧文化的輝煌歷史和衰落，到酒吧進(jìn)行改革，把酒吧文化習(xí)俗傳承下來的現(xiàn)象?！?1題詳解】上文“Britishbeerandpubsarefamousaroundtheworld.Thingsarechanging.（英國的啤酒和酒吧世界聞名。事情正在發(fā)生變化）”說明英國啤酒和酒吧聞名世界，然而事情正在發(fā)生變化。C選項(xiàng)“IsthistheendofagreatBritishtradition?（這是英國偉大傳統(tǒng)的終結(jié)嗎）”放在空格處起到承上啟下的作用，與前文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，又引起下文酒吧的輝煌和酒吧衰落改革的討論。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】上文“Asaresult,Britishpubsareoftenoldandwellpreserved.（因此，英國的酒吧往往歷史悠久，保存完好）”說明英國的酒吧歷史悠久，保存完好。B選項(xiàng)“Manyofthemhavebecomehistoricsitesthattouristsvisit.（許多酒吧已經(jīng)成為游客們參觀的歷史遺跡）”對(duì)上文起到補(bǔ)充的作用，其中“them”指代上文的“Britishpubs”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】“ManyBritishpubshaveoldnamesreferringtothemonarchs,suchastheking’sheadorthe說明上文queenVictoria,butofcoursethisdoesn’tmeantheyareonlyforkingsandqueens.（很多英國酒吧的舊名字都與君主有關(guān)，比如國王頭像或維多利亞女王，但當(dāng)然這并不意味著只有國王和女王才能光顧酒吧）”說明酒吧的名字和酒吧客人的關(guān)系。peoplefromallclassesandpartsofsociety.（酒吧一直歡迎來自社會(huì)各階層和各階層的人）F項(xiàng)。F選項(xiàng)“Pubshavealwayswelcomed”對(duì)上文起到進(jìn)一步的解釋說明作用。故選【14題詳解】“Economicdownturns,governmental“austeritymeasures”,andculturalchangesarecausingmanypubstogooutofbusiness.Peopledonothavesparemoneytospendonbeer.（經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退、”說明“Nowthereareworryingsignsthatthingsarebeginningtodecline.（現(xiàn)”起到引起下文的作用，下文說明是哪G項(xiàng)。下文政府的“緊縮措施”和文化變革導(dǎo)致許多酒吧倒閉。人們沒有多余的錢來買啤酒）了酒吧衰退的原因。G選項(xiàng)在有一些令人擔(dān)憂的跡象表明，情況正在開始惡化）些令人擔(dān)憂的跡象使得酒吧的情況惡化。故選【15題詳解】上文“Tosavetheirbusiness,pubsaretryingtodiversifytoattractnewcustomers.Nowthereareanumberofdifferenttypesofpubs.（為了挽救他們的客。現(xiàn)在有很多不同類型的酒吧）開始改革，讓酒吧主題多樣化，以吸引新顧客。”說明酒吧D選項(xiàng)“A“microbrewery”oftenhasfresherbeerthanothertypesofpub.（“微釀酒”廠的啤酒通常比其”廠是上文提到的不同類型酒吧中的一種。他類型的酒吧更新鮮）”說明補(bǔ)充說明作用。故選D選項(xiàng)起到對(duì)上文的D項(xiàng)。生意，酒吧正試圖通過多樣化來吸引新顧了“微釀酒第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20個(gè)小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Whenmosttoddlerscanspeaksmallsentenceanduseabout200words,mythree-year-oldKimberknewonlyfiftysmallwords.Sheexpressedherselfindifferentways.___16___ways!Shepointed,climbed,gestured,criedandevenlearnedbabysignlanguage.ButKimberdidnotuse___17___ifshecouldhelpit.Kimberwastested,andwediscoveredshehad___18___delay.Later,welearnedthiswas___19___processingandexecutivefunctiondisorders,whichmadeitvery___20___forhertolearnnewsounds,lettersandpronunciations.___21___,Kimberwassmartenoughto___22___thatshedidn’tsaywordsthesamewayaseveryoneelse.Ifshecouldn’tsaywordsright,shedidn’twanttosaythematallandshehatedtobe___23___soshedidn’tusewordsever.That___24___onehotsummerdaywhilewewerevisitingafriend.Myfriendhadalitterofkittens____25____togivetogoodhomesmostofthekittenshidintheclosetwhenmy____26____toddlerapproachedthem,butonelittlegreyonedidnot____27____,soon,theyplayedtogether,whenitwastimetoleave,myfriendsuggestedwetakekittyhome.____28____Kimberhadthekittenoverhershoulderanditspawswere____29____hershirt,Iagreed.Thenextmorning,Isawthemostamazingthing.Shewastalking!“goodkitty.Liedown.”Kimbersaid,pettingthecatmyeyeswerefilledwithtearsasIwitnessedthe____30____.ThatcharmingcatinspiredKimbertoovercomeherown____31____andusthewordssheknew!Isat____32____,listeningtohertakingtohernewlittlepet.“Kitty,comehere.It’stimetoplay!”sevenwordsina____33____fromKimber’slipswereallthatIneededtohear.Kittyneverwentbacktomyfriend.Hewonhis____34____inourhome.HewastheperfectpettohelpKimberthroughhis____35____loveandacceptance.16.A.instant17.A.criesB.ordinaryB.wordsB.memoryB.duetoB.likelyC.wonderfulC.posturesD.trickyD.soundsD.speechD.equaltoD.hopelessD.Worse18.A.logicC.behavior19.A.basedon20.A.impossibleC.focusedonC.difficult21.A.InotherwordsB.InparticularC.Asaconsequencestill22.A.recognize23.A.correctedemphasizedB.distinguishB.criticizedC.pretendD.acceptC.encouragedD.24.A.improved25.A.abandonedunwillingB.happenedB.readyC.developedC.adoptedD.changedD.26.A.cautious27.A.fleeB.scaredB.shiverC.indifferentC.leapD.curiousD.crouchD.whileD.28.A.although29.A.tiedtoconfinedtoB.sinceC.ifB.accessedtoC.attachedto30.A.miracle31.A.self-confidenceself-doubtB.incidentC.sufferingD.struggleB.self-respectC.self-disciplineD.32.A.inconfusion33.A.wayB.inwonderB.lineC.inamusementC.rowD.ingriefD.momentD.placeD.34.A.fameB.satisfactionB.fearlessC.securityC.hopeless35.A.unconditionalcomplicated【答案】16.C17.B18.D28.B19.B20.C30.A21.D22.A23.A24.D34.25.BD26.D27.A29.C31.D32.B33.C35.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者三歲的女兒Kimber有語言遲緩，而且意識(shí)到了自己和別人的不同，更加不愿意開口說話。而這一切都被一只來到作者家的小貓改變了，小貓通過它無條件的愛和接納激勵(lì)Kimber克服不自信，再次開口說話了。【16題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她用不同的方式表達(dá)自己，非常棒的方式！A.instant立即的；B.ordinary普通的；gestured,criedandevenlearnedbabysignlanguage.”可知三歲的Kimber雖然只知道50個(gè)單詞，但是她通過用嬰兒的手語等方式來表達(dá)自己，作者覺得這C.wonderful極好的；D.tricky狡猾的。根據(jù)后文“Shepointed,climbed,手指指、做手勢(shì)，甚至學(xué)會(huì)了棒很。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是Kimber不愿意用語言來表達(dá)。A.cries叫喊；B.words話語；C.postures姿勢(shì)；D.sounds聲音。對(duì)應(yīng)后文“shedidn’tusewords”指用語言來表達(dá)。B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Kimber接受了測(cè)試，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)memory記憶；C.behavior行為；D.speech語言，演講。根據(jù)上文“Kimberwastested,andwe故選她有語言遲緩。A.logic邏輯；B.discoveredshehad”以及上文提到Kimber三歲還不怎么會(huì)說話，可知她語言發(fā)育遲緩。故選D。【19題詳解】

考查固定短語辨析。句意：后來，我們了解到這是由于處理和執(zhí)行功能障礙，這使她很難學(xué)習(xí)新的聲音，字母和發(fā)音。A.basedon基于；B.dueto由于；C.focusedon集中于；D.equalto等于。根據(jù)后文“processingandexecutivefunctiondisorders,whichmadeitvery…forhertolearnnewsounds”可知，Kimber很難學(xué)習(xí)新的聲音，字母和發(fā)音是由于處理和執(zhí)行功能障礙。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我們了解到這是由于處理和執(zhí)行功能障礙，這使她很難學(xué)習(xí)新的聲音，字母和發(fā)音。A.impossible不可能的；B.likely可能的；C.difficult困難的；D.hopeless絕望的。結(jié)合上文“processingandexecutivefunctiondisorders”可知由于處理和執(zhí)行功能障礙，Kimber很難學(xué)習(xí)新的聲音，字母和發(fā)音。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，Kimber很聰明，她意A.Inotherwords換句話說；B.Inparticular尤其；C.Asaconsequence因此；D.Worsestill更遭的是。上文提到Kimber本來就有語結(jié)果她還意識(shí)到了別人的不同情況更糟糕了。故選D。識(shí)到她說話的方式和其他人不一樣。言遲緩，自己和更加不想說話，所以是【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：識(shí)到她說話的方式和其他人A.recognize意識(shí)到，根據(jù)后文“shedidn’tsaywordsthesamewayaseveryoneelse”可知Kimber意識(shí)到她其他人不一樣。故選A。更糟糕的是，Kimber很聰明，她意B.distinguish區(qū)別；C.pretend假裝；D.accept接受。不一樣。識(shí)別；說話的方式和【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果她不能正確地說單詞，她就根本不想說，她討厭別人糾正她的錯(cuò)誤，所以她從不使用單詞。A.corrected糾正；B.criticized批評(píng)；C.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；D.emphasized強(qiáng)調(diào)。根據(jù)上文“shecouldn’tsaywordsright,shedidn’twanttosaythematallandshehatedtobe”可知Kimber無法正確地說單詞，因?yàn)橛憛挶蝗思m正錯(cuò)誤，她干脆不說。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但在一個(gè)炎熱的夏日，當(dāng)我們?nèi)グ菰L一位朋友時(shí)，一切都改變了。A.improved改善；B.happened發(fā)生；C.developed發(fā)展；D.changed改變。結(jié)合后文Kimber因?yàn)榕笥鸭业呢堥_始說話，可知是一切都在一個(gè)炎熱的夏日改變了。故選D。

【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的朋友養(yǎng)了一窩小貓，準(zhǔn)備送給好的家庭。當(dāng)我那好奇的蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子走近它們時(shí)，大多數(shù)小貓都藏在了壁櫥里，但有一只灰色的小貓沒有逃跑。A.abandoned被拋棄的；B.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；C.adopted領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的；“givetogoodhomes”可知小貓準(zhǔn)備送給別人了。故選B?！?6題詳解】D.unwilling不情愿的。根據(jù)后文考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的朋友養(yǎng)了一窩小貓，準(zhǔn)備送給好的家庭。當(dāng)我那好奇的蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子走近它們時(shí)，大多數(shù)小貓都藏在了壁櫥里，但有一只灰色的小貓沒有逃跑。A.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；B.scared害怕的；C.indifferent冷漠的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)后文“toddlerapproachedthem”可知作者的孩子靠近小貓，說明孩子好奇，curious符合語境。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的朋友養(yǎng)了一窩小貓，準(zhǔn)備送給好的家庭。當(dāng)我那好奇的蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子走近它們時(shí)，大多數(shù)小貓都藏在了壁櫥里，但有一只灰色的小貓沒有逃跑。A.flee逃跑；B.shiver顫抖；C.leap跳躍；D.crouch蹲伏。clo