選修作業(yè)day5刷題訓(xùn)練營(yíng)

DAY4答案:EBBECBAB

打卡第五天：加強(qiáng)題2（答案請(qǐng)用紅色標(biāo)出）

Thereisagreatdealofgeographicalvariationinthefrequencyofmanysurgicalprocedures-uptotenfoldvariationperhundredthousandpeopleamongdifferentareasinthenumbersofhysterectomies,prostatectomies,andtonsillectomies.

Tosupportaconclusionthatmuchofthevariationisduetounnecessarysurgicalprocedures,itwouldbemostimportanttoestablishwhichofthefollowing?

邏輯鏈分析：

AAlocalboardofreviewateachhospitalexaminestherecordsofeveryoperationtodeterminewhetherthesurgicalprocedurewasnecessary.分析A選項(xiàng)：

BThevariationisunrelatedtofactors(otherthanthesurgicalproceduresthemselves)thatinfluencetheincidenceofdiseasesforwhichsurgerymightbeconsidered.

分析B選項(xiàng)：

CThereareseveralcategoriesofsurgicalprocedure(otherthanhysterectomies,prostatectomies,andtonsillectomies)thatareoftenperformedunnecessarily.

分析C選項(xiàng)：

DForcertainsurgicalprocedures.itisdifficulttodetermineaftertheoperationwhethertheprocedureswerenecessaryorwhetheralternativetreatmentwouldhavesucceeded.

分析D選項(xiàng)：

EWithrespecttohowoftentheyareperformedunnecessarily,hysterectomies,prostatectomies,andtonsillectomiesarerepresentativeofsurgicalproceduresingeneral.

分析E選項(xiàng)：

Studieshaveshownthatelderlypeoplewhopracticeareligionaremuchmorelikelytodieimmedia yafteranimportantreligiousholidayperiodthanimmedia ybeforeone.Researchershaveconcludedthatthewilltolivecanprolonglife,atleastforshortperiodsoftime.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmoststrengthentheresearchers'conclusion?

邏輯鏈分析：

AElderlypeoplewhopracticeareligionarelesslikelytodieimmedia ybeforeorduringanimportantreligiousholidaythanatanyothertimeoftheyear

分析A選項(xiàng)：

BElderlypeoplewhopracticeareligionappeartoexperiencelessanxietyattheprospectofdyingthandootherpeople.

分析B選項(xiàng)：

CSomeelderlypeoplewhodopracticeareligionlivemuchlongerthanmostelderlypeoplewhodonot.

分析C選項(xiàng)：

DMostelderlypeoplewhoparticipateinreligiousholidayshavedifferentreasonsforparticipatingthanyoungpeopledo.

分析D選項(xiàng)：

EManyreligionshaveimportantholidaysinthespringandfall,seasonswiththelowestdeathratesforelderlypeople.

分析E選項(xiàng)：

Thetraditionaltreatmentofstrepinfectionshasbeenaseven-daycourseofantibiotics,eitherpenicillinorerythromycin.However,sincemanypatientsstoptakingthosedrugswithinthreedays,reinfectioniscommonincaseswherethosedrugsareprescribed.Anewantibioticrequiresonlyathree-daycourseoftreatment.Therefore,reinfectionwillprobablybelesscommonincaseswherethenewantibioticisprescribedthanincaseswhereeitherpenicillinorerythromycinisprescribed.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,moststrengthenstheargument?

邏輯鏈分析：

ASomeofthepeoplewhoareallergictopenicillinarelikelytobeallergictothenewantibiotic.

分析A選項(xiàng)：

BAcourseoftreatmentwiththenewantibioticcostsaboutthesameasacourseoftreatmentwitheitherpenicillinorerythromycin.

分析B選項(xiàng)：

CThenewantibiotichasbeenshowntobeeffectiveineradicatingbacterialinfectionsotherthanstrep.

分析C選項(xiàng)：

DSomephysicianshavealreadybeguntoprescribethenewantibioticinsteadofpenicillinorerythromycinforthetreatmentofsomestrepinfections.分析D選項(xiàng)：

ERegardlessofwhethertheytakeatraditionalantibioticorthenewone,mostpatientsfeelfullyrecoveredaftertakingthedrugforthreedays.

分析E選項(xiàng)：

Macrophagesarecellsthatyaroleintheresponseoftheimmunesystemofmiceandotherm lstoinvasiveorganismssuchasbacteria.Unlikeothermice,micethataregeneticallyincapableofmakingtheseparticularcellsdonotshowelevatedlevelsofnitrateswheninfectedwithbacteria.

Thestatementsabove,iftrue,providethemostsupportforwhichofthefollowingconclusions?

邏輯鏈分析：

AMicethatareunableeithertomakemacrophagesortomaketheminsufficientnumberswillprotectthemselvesfrombacterialinfectionsinsomeotherway.

分析A選項(xiàng)：

BMicethatshowelevatedlevelsofnitratescaneasilyfightoffmosttypesofbacterialinfections.

分析B選項(xiàng)：

CInmice,macrophagesyaroleintheproductionofnitratesorinhibitaprocessbywhichnitratesarebrokendownorotherwiseeliminated.

分析C選項(xiàng)：

DWhenahealthymouse esinfectedwithaninvasiveorganism,thenumberofmacrophagesinthemouse'sbodydecreases.

分析D選項(xiàng)：

EInjectionsofnitratesintomicethatlackmacrophageswillnotenhancetheabilityoftheseanimals'immunesystemstofightoffinfection.

分析E選項(xiàng)：

Inresponsetoviralinfection,theimmunesystemsofmicetypicallyproduceantibodiesthatdestroythebybindingtoproteinsonitssurface.Miceinfectedwithaherpesgenerallydevelopkeratitis,adegenerativediseaseaffectingpartoftheeye.Sinceproteinsonthesurfaceofcellsinthispartoftheeyecloselyresemblethoseontheherpessurface,scientistshypothesizethatthesecasesofkeratitisarecausedbyantibodiestoherpes.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,givesthegreatestadditionalsupporttothescientists'hypothesis?

邏輯鏈分析：

AOthertypesofhavesurfaceproteinsthatcloselyresembleproteinsfoundinvariousorgansofmice.

分析A選項(xiàng)：

BTherearemicethatareunabletoformantibodiesinresponsetoherpesinfections,andthesemicecontractherpesatroughlythesamerateasothermice.

分析B選項(xiàng)：

CMicethatareinfectedwithaherpesbutdonotdevelopkeratitisproduceasmanyantibodiesasinfectedmicethatdodevelopkeratitis.分析C選項(xiàng)：

DTherearemicethatareunabletoformantibodiesinresponsetoherpesinfections,andthesemicesurvivetheseinfectionswithouteverdevelokeratitis.

分析D選項(xiàng)：

EMicethathaveneverbeeninfectedwithaherpescansometimesdevelopkeratitis.

分析E選項(xiàng)：

A nstodevelopaprototypeweedingmachinethatusescuttingbladeswithopticalsensorsandmicroprocessorsthatdistinguishweedsfromcropntsbydifferencesinshadeofcolor.Theinventorofthemachineclaimsthatitwillreducelaborcostsbyvirtuallyeliminatingtheneedformanualweeding.

Whichofthefollowingisaconsiderationinfavorofthe 'simplementingitsntodeveloptheprototype?

邏輯鏈分析：

AThereisaconsiderabledegreeofvariationinshadeofcolorbetweenweedsofdifferentspecies.

分析A選項(xiàng)：

BTheshadeofcolorofsomentstendstochangeappreciablyoverthecourseoftheirgrowingseason.

分析B選項(xiàng)：

CWhencropsareweededmanually,overallsizeandleafshapearetakenintoaccountindistinguishingcropntsfromweeds.

分析C選項(xiàng)：

DSelectionandgeneticmanipulationallowntsofvirtuallyanyspeciestobeeconomicallybredtohaveadistinctiveshadeofcolorwithoutalteringtheirothercharacteristics.

分析D選項(xiàng)：

EFarmlaborerswhoareresponsibleforthemanualweedingofcropscarryoutotheragriculturaldutiesattimesinthegrowingseasonwhenextensiveweedingisnotnecessary.

分析E選項(xiàng)：

Peoplewhohavespentalotoftimeincontactwithanimalsoftendevelopanimal-inducedallergies,someofthemquiteserious.Inasurveyofcurrentemployeesinmajorzoos,about30percenthadanimal-inducedallergies.Basedonthissample,expertsconcludethatamongmembersofthegeneralpopulationwhohavespentasimilarlylargeamountoftimeinclosecontactwithanimals,thepercentagewithanimal-inducedallergiesisnot30percentbutsubstantiallymore.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,providesthestrongestgroundsfortheexperts'conclusion?

邏輯鏈分析：

AAzooemployeewhodevelopsaseriousanimal-inducedallergyisverylikelytoswitchtosomeotheroccupation.

分析A選項(xiàng)：

BAzooemployeeismorelikelythana inthegeneralpopulationtokeeponeormoreanimalpetsathome

分析B選項(xiàng)：

CThepercentageofthegeneralpopulationwhoselevelofexposuretoanimalsmatchesthatofazooemployeeisquitesmall.

分析C選項(xiàng)：

DExposuretodomesticpetsis,onthewhole,lesslikelytocause

animal-inducedallergythanexposuretomanyoftheanimalskeptinzoos.

分析D選項(xiàng)：

EZooemployeesseldomwearprotectivegearwhentheyhandleanimalsintheircare.

分析E選項(xiàng)：

Whenanairneistakenoutofserviceformaintenance,itisoftenrepaintedaswell,andduringtherepaintingnoother