哈佛大學(xué)幸福課第六課中英文講義

哈佛大學(xué)幸福課第六課中英文講義請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除哈佛大學(xué)幸福課第六課中英文講義了個(gè)愉快的周末fullongweekend了直入主題oletsjumprightintoit了e的力量ion成為自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言abouthowbeliefsbecomeselffulfillingprophesiestisthroughthesituation期望及信念ftencreateexpectationsbelievesofpeople變成現(xiàn)實(shí)Andthesebelievesbecomereality.什么說社會(huì)心理學(xué)本質(zhì)上是從abouthowsocialpsychologyessentially要的實(shí)驗(yàn)開始的比如米爾格倫實(shí)驗(yàn)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除mportantexperimentsuchastheMilgrim研究orobediencetoauthority.t試驗(yàn)中囚犯被關(guān)在...whereprisonerswereputinorplayed...及看守的角色rsortheroleofwardens完全進(jìn)入了角色以至于redthatrolesototally中止eraweektheexperimenthadtobestopwhenitwassupposetogoonfortwoweeks.出了一個(gè)問題henthequestionweaskedwasKsoweknowthatthesituationispowerfulWeknowthatitmakesadifference.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除種強(qiáng)大但積極的環(huán)境rful將人的最佳狀態(tài)充分調(diào)動(dòng)起來?inpeople答案是肯定的Andtheanswerisyes.我們對此做了深入分析并談到了alkingaboutitandwetalkaboutprofessoruttingetheywereactuallyiftheywereyearsyounger人竟然變得年輕了actuallybecameyounger.智力水平提高了Tothepointofhavinghigherlevelsofintelligence.提升了Tothepointofimprovingtheirmemory.也改善了Improvingtheireyesight,improvingtheirhearing.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除離變長了cebetweenthebonesintheirfingersactually是年輕的跡象ichisasignofyoungerage評及互評都認(rèn)為atedbyothersaswellasbythemselvesoungerjustbecausetheyactedasiflywasasThepowerofthepositivesituation進(jìn)行了另一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)Andthenshedidanothermoreresearchon力檢查安排在了飛行模擬器里andputtheminasituationinaflightsimulator.全一樣的視力檢查eexactsameeyesighttest了theyactuallyperformedbetterjustbecauseofthesituation.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除然后我們接著繼續(xù)講上回結(jié)束的地方就是movedonthatwhatweendedlasttime分析影射影射是...boutprimingPrimingis及潛意識兩個(gè)層面進(jìn)行canbedoneintheconsciousorsubconsciouslevel.指在我們的意識或潛意識中植入tingaseedplantingabeliefplantingaword一種信念一個(gè)詞或一幅畫面onsciouslyorsubconsciouslyAndhowthatactuallyinfluencesourbehavior.行過一項(xiàng)研究他用"年老"的相關(guān)詞hereheprimedtopeople實(shí)驗(yàn)對象withwordsassociatedwithold.果你們還記得這些詞包括皺紋sifyouremembersuchaswrinkles佛羅里達(dá)wordssuchasold,wordssuchasFlorida.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果是saresultofthispriming更慢了ipantsinthestudyactuallywalkedslower了oractuallyweremorestooped.行評估時(shí)aluatedbyresearchers的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件reoftheirconditionmeaningtheydidnt們是被影射了對照詞wereprimedwithcontrolwordsjustrandomwords,orwithwordsassociatedwithold.所以通過影射人們的行為tpeopleactuallystartedtobehavedifferently量外界的力量ofthesituationThepoweroftheenvironment聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除enBarghtookitstepfurtherandsaid決定用使用積極的影射比如成就iveprimessuchasachievement成功uchaspersistencesuchassuccesssforexample成就的近義詞theyhadtofindasynonymforthewordachievement.射這些詞后imedwiththesewordsonintelligencetest記憶力測試的成績uallyperformedbetterrolgroupwhowasntprimedwiththesewordshresearchersDijksterhuisKnippensberg也進(jìn)行了影射實(shí)驗(yàn)他們找了一批人eyfoundwasthattheybroughtpeople實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行描述cribeforfutureexperiment不是本次實(shí)驗(yàn)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除riment次實(shí)驗(yàn)的典型日常行為及其性格:rtypicalcharacteristicsofthreearchetypes足球流氓秘書及教授asoccerhooliganasecretaryandaprofessor.這三種原型earchetypes他們被告知這是為下次實(shí)驗(yàn)做準(zhǔn)備ytoldthemthisisforthenextexperiment的描述wherewejustwantpeopletoevaluatethesearchetypes.道的是通過對原型進(jìn)行描述chetypestheseindividualswereprimed.他們分別被影射為足球流氓秘書primedforasoccerhooliganforasecretaryorforaprofessor.射后他們接受了智力測試聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除theyhavetodointelligencetestsafterwards力測試rthoseprimes球流氓日常行為的人adtodescribethedayofsoccerhooligan最糟rse是智力Intermsofmemory.Intermofintelligence.描述秘書的人esecretaryandthosewhoperformedthe現(xiàn)最好的是描述教授的人werethosewhodescribedtheprofessor.學(xué)習(xí)yanyharderbefore什么也沒有改變除了發(fā)生了影射西植入了他們的思想thingplantedfromtheenvironmentintheir聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除的問題是Thequestionthenis,自己創(chuàng)造一個(gè)積極的環(huán)境selves己受到積極的影射變得更幸福imedbythepositivewherewecanbe等ulandsoon有很多Andthere'smanywaysinwhichwecandoit.家分享幾個(gè)你們這周的作業(yè)之一eresgoingtobeyourassignmentforthisweektstocreateapositiveenvironment幾個(gè)例子uaresomeoftheexamples人或地方的照片ulovethe這些東西很重要因?yàn)榧词鼓悴豢此鼈兟?lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除venifyoudontseethem識到它們的存在ouseethemSoonthesubconsciouslevelitsstillthere影射時(shí)看不見...那些詞peopleareprimedtheydontreallyseethewordhescreenwhenitsthereformini可能看清但大腦卻記錄了下來theydon'treallyseeit,butitregisters.使你掛了照片但沒去看它ndyoudontreallyseeit到它念到它onsciousofitmindfulofitillhasaimpactonyou些你愛的人的照片love你開心的東西無論是紀(jì)念品ia聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除術(shù)品你最喜歡的藝術(shù)品itsflowerswhetheritsartyourfavoriteart辦公室都掛了ice我最愛的畫由我最愛的藝術(shù)家創(chuàng)作nthewallbymyfavoriteartists享一下Andletmesharewithyouafew.我今天帶到課堂上來了它們價(jià)值連城oughtthemhereTheseareveryvaluable我給它們投了保所以不用擔(dān)心瞧dthemsoitsnotaproblemSosothisisum藝術(shù)生涯第一階段時(shí)的作品rtistfromthefirstphaseofhiscareer你所見充滿了有力的線條erypowerfulstrokes從容真是絕了veryintense,verydeliberate,andjustgorgeous.幅Andhereis,畫家進(jìn)入藝術(shù)生涯第二階段istfromthesecondphaseofhiscareer聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除luence過你仍能從中看出同樣的特點(diǎn)lyouknowyouseethesametraitthesamepower,thesameintensity.我家墻上SoIhavetheseonmywall.你們介紹一位畫壇新秀pcomingartistwhoIwanttointroduceyouto.進(jìn)入第二階段phaseyouknow,she'sonlyoneyear'sold.在她媽媽幫助下完成的erMom但是我還是掛在墻上每天提醒我everyday次了mhundredsoftime但還是掛著讓我想起我的孩子們聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除thereandIthinkaboutmykids我掛了些其他的...Ialsohaveotheryouknow比他們的畫家作品istsworkonmywall過這畫thisisprobablynotheardofthisone這是羅丹的《沉思者》isisRodinTheThinker也掛在我的墻上是我最喜歡的雕塑Ihavethisonmywallitsmyfavoritesculpture的另一幅作品AndthenIhaveanotherpiecebyRodinjusttoremindme我生活不僅要沉思還有其他的allaboutthinkingthereareotherthings活更美好thatmakelifemakelifeworthliving.這是羅丹的《吻》thoseofyouwhoknowit東西掛在墻上gainhavethesethingsonyourwall你覺得溫暖聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除whereyoufeelwarm心的環(huán)境whereit'sfunforyoutobethere.名人名言我喜歡名人名言otes肯定也喜歡andIknowthatmanyofyoulovequotes.eofyouhavesentmeyourfavoritequotes一列名言ywallalistofquotesandtheyarethere我沒看它們也能感受到evenifIdon'tseethem,Iseethem.orexampleletsseeifIbroughtsomehere這里呢Yes,heretheyare.當(dāng)斯總統(tǒng)說的oneisbyJohnQuincyAdams除困難和障礙"聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除whichdifficultiesdisappearandobstaclesvanish".將"堅(jiān)持"用于影射encehichisonethingthatBarghdidit的人的確變得更堅(jiān)韌不拔rsistent治.艾略特原名瑪麗.安妮.艾凡斯ownasMaryAnneEvens最喜歡的作家她寫過"推動(dòng)rkof步的重任不能等待完人來完成"arddoesnotwaittobedonebyperfectmen周后我會(huì)講到完美主義boutperfectionismwhichisaveryimportant說是非常重要的私人話題verypersonalthingformeinaboutthreeweeks.樣Sosheisaverymucharolemodel.加繆說過"在深冬里我終于發(fā)現(xiàn)在fwinterIfinallylearned聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除的夏天"thattherewaswithinmeaninvinciblesummer".我走過了艱難困苦ashelpedmethroughdifficultthroughhardtimes.eams的生活vethelifewhichhehasimagined成功不期而遇"onhoursnIhavethesequotesuponmywallandafewothers你們都在課上讀到過了fthequotesthatyouveseeninthecourseAndtheyprimemetheyremindme,theycreatetheenvironmentforme.一節(jié)討論藝術(shù)及其重要性聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除talkaboutartinthenextsectionanditsimportance把喜歡的書放在手邊聽聽音樂c注意聽不要只當(dāng)背景音樂要讓音樂激發(fā)你spiresyou搖滾還是痞子阿姆都可以eritsrockywhetheritsEminemwhoeveritisfilmsthatinspireyou能幫你創(chuàng)造積極的環(huán)境ocreateanenvironment有助于成長獲得成功與產(chǎn)生幸福感civetogrowthtosuccesstowellbeing意識層面上進(jìn)行的tofthisisdoneonthesubconsciouslevel這就是影射的力量對于影射的研究ichisthepoweroftheprimingAprimingstudies極研究的意義Andfinallythisiswhatpositiveresearchisabout.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除如果我們總是關(guān)注"消極"研究焦慮tantlyfocusonnegativeresearchanxiety分裂癥就會(huì)被這些研究影射areprimedbythisresearch被這些工作影射創(chuàng)造出現(xiàn)實(shí)weareprimedbythiswork.Anditcreatesreality.能知道nowthisindirectlyandconjunctionallyrelatesto山理論有這千絲萬縷的聯(lián)系heIsenbergprincipleon象ouarechangingthephenomenonouaremeasuringaphenomenon是在改變自己youarealsochangingyourself.以通過研究積極環(huán)境我們也是在earealsoprimingourselves積極的東西withthepositive.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除今天包括下周我談到的很多內(nèi)容自助運(yùn)動(dòng)uallycomesfromtheselfhelpmovementstheselfhelpmovementwasfounded展開wasstartedinthe20thcentury...過思考創(chuàng)建了世界ththeunderstandingthatwecreatetheworld維創(chuàng)建了時(shí)間throughourthinking,thatourmindcreatestheworld.Andbookslikethesecameoutbackinthe930's,ThinkingGrowRich.Thisbooksince1930'ssoldover60millioncopies.It'sstillselling.是暢銷書不論在美國聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除tssellingitsthebestsellerintheUSabestsellerinAfricaitsthebestsellerinEuropeactonpeopleandheresoneofthethingslleonHillsays"anachieve."你想得到只要你相信你就能夠做到teveryourmindcanconceiveandbelieveitcanachieveVeryempowering.各類人群對大眾產(chǎn)生了很多影響actonmanydifferentpeopleontheiesoneofthebestsellersinhistory聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除許多人都這一理念吸引為什么peopleweredrawntothismessageWhy沒有什么不可能的le影響力的書erveryinfluentialbookPositiveThinkingNormanVincentPeale有美好的希望并全力以赴去追求要有遠(yuǎn)大的夢想并全力以赴去實(shí)現(xiàn)nddaretolivethem要有宏偉的期望并深信不疑"m思考聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除think要你相信就會(huì)獲得富足oisbelieveandaffluencewillcometoyou的富足tsintrapersonalaffluence是物質(zhì)的富足whetherit'smonetaryaffluence.大眾一直有著巨大吸引力beenthemessagethathasdrawnthemassesandcontinuestodosotoday.llingbooktodaySecret成功的秘密就是所謂的"吸引力法則"tosuccessiswhattheycallthelawofattractionThelawofattractionisthatyouattracttoyourlife想象什么無論你相信什么whateveryouimaging,whateveryoubelieveit.條強(qiáng)大的訊息請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除inapowerfulmessage出了幾百萬本lionsofcopiesofthisbookbeingsold話當(dāng)口仍在熱賣Aswespeak,continuetobesold.:相信就會(huì)成功Andthemessageisagainsimple:believe,andyouwillachieve;就會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)conceiveanditwillbeconceived.中就會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)Inreality,intheworld,itwillcometoyou.讓人信服鼓舞人心Veryconvincing,veryinspiringmessage.條訊息正確嗎kedaboutthisandwesawtheRogerBannisterstory他在4分鐘準(zhǔn)確說是3'59跑完了1英里YouknowonedayorsixweeksafterRogerBannisterrunsamileinminutes,orin3'59,JohnLandyrunsitin3'57.9.請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除heyearafterrunnersrunthemileinunderminutes有一定奧妙Sothereissomethingtoit相信能辦到就有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)Oncetheybelieveditwaspossibleitbecamepossible題是dhereistheissuechofwhatsgoingonintheselfhelptodayonatruth個(gè)真相過分鼓吹realtruthandthenblowsitoutofproportion的確能創(chuàng)造現(xiàn)實(shí)ruthinthefactthatourmindcreatesreality是這不是全部hetruth我們創(chuàng)造了現(xiàn)實(shí)或者說是共同創(chuàng)造Wecreaterealityorratherweco-createreality.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除到外界或者內(nèi)在的某些影響esomethingoutthereorinthereforexample,whenitcomestoTheSecret.相信自己可能會(huì)成功ievethatyouarelikelytosucceed性會(huì)變大youaremuchmorelikelytosucceed.苦勤奮與堅(jiān)持不懈nce敗中學(xué)習(xí)andlearningfromthatfailure.這只是等式的一半而這些自助書籍nandwhattheseselfhelp息往往言過其實(shí)效果甚微miseandunderdeliver滅性后果whichattimescanbedestructive.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除ttraction造了一切rythingthat都因我而變一切都是我的錯(cuò)everythingisuptomeandalsoeverythingismyfault.個(gè)極端點(diǎn)的例子ingabusedoldmanresponsibleforbeingparalyzed他自己的責(zé)任嗎ccidentbyadrunkendriver些事情是我們無法控制的ertainthingsthatareoutthere一切因我而變thateverythingisuptous引力法則決定ythelawofattraction說法短期內(nèi)可能能讓你iptionmaybeintheshorttermforinspiration獲得幸福感但是長期來看聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除beingbutinthelongterm只會(huì)讓人感到挫敗內(nèi)疚不快樂ustrationforguiltandforunhappinessalsoforlesssuccesstthinking就會(huì)成為我的心態(tài)習(xí)慣thenthisisgoingtobemymindset.信心llIneedtodoisbelieveandthen就會(huì)滾滾而來allthemoneywillcometome.情就會(huì)降臨于我Allthesuccessinarelationshipwillcometome.這抹殺了勤奮工作...esawaywiththehardwork敗的作用thepersistencewiththefailurethatisnecessaryelofasuccessfulhappyfulfillinghumanlife聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除一段短片Iwanttoshowyouaquickvideo.是我在網(wǎng)上看到的一段廣告IsawonlineandIactuallycalledthe家銀行索要了原版original.thatthereistodayaboutthepowerofthemind.則廣告Justaverycutead.nference兒風(fēng)景真不錯(cuò)That'salotofgreen.Whatkindofbirdisit?聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除各位我上過一門課程It'sokguys!I'vedoneacourse.itivethinking產(chǎn)生正面的影響ositiveimpactKPositivethoughthasapositiveimpact看著我沒事的來Okaycomeon替行動(dòng)Talkisnosubstituteforaction.思想的力量That'sthepower.蘇格蘭皇家銀行集團(tuán)RoyalBankofScotlandGroupoodYesyouare請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除Itcapturespartofthetruthbutnotthewholetruth.看嚴(yán)肅研究research量的解釋thepowerofthemind神奇的現(xiàn)象Arealphenomenonactualphenomenonbutone需要通過實(shí)驗(yàn)來研究其原理applyrealresearchtoseewhatworksAlbertBandura你們本周的閱讀任務(wù)rtBanduraonyourreadingaboutforthisweek許多關(guān)于自我效能的研究ofselfefficacy信的學(xué)術(shù)術(shù)語whichisessentiallytheacademictermforbelievinginoneself.hereiswhathewritesafterdecadesanddecadesof積極心理學(xué)家的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除psychologistslastyear很多這方面的研究他是斯坦福大學(xué)的教授平機(jī)能的質(zhì)量對逆境的適應(yīng)力ingresilienceto喪的抵抗力adversityandvulnerabilitytostressanddepression."己的人充滿信心ubelieveinthemselveswhohaveconfidence的不同領(lǐng)域都表現(xiàn)出色他還指出ntareasintheirlivesHecontinues高效能者"Peoplewhoregardthemselvesashighlyefficaciousact,think,無用者osewhoperceivethemselves全不同asinefficacious.們創(chuàng)造自己的未來而不是簡單地夢想ucetheirownfutureratherthansimplyforetellit說他所說的是請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除athestalkingabouthereisthat心的人thesepeoplearescribedintheirlives.他們創(chuàng)造自己的人生與那些tetheirownlivesasopposetothosengprescribedbyothersTheyaremoreresilient與挫折的應(yīng)對力更強(qiáng)lwithhardshipsanddifficulties換句話說能力更強(qiáng)sbettercapacity討論過應(yīng)對挫折的問題aswediscussedearliertodealwithdifficulties.究的重要性在于經(jīng)過長年累月的發(fā)現(xiàn)這些能力是可以習(xí)得的tcanbelearned培養(yǎng)It'scultivatedovertime.是無用的至少對我們來說是termsofresearch研究他得出結(jié)論聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除uldsay只是天生的eoplearebornwithitandothersarenot些人天生就有適應(yīng)力基因eystartedtotalkabout有theresiliencegene,andothersarenotbornwiththat.是這樣e研究表明這些都可以習(xí)得的Whathehasshownisthatitcanbelearned.間和經(jīng)歷ittakeseffort后會(huì)討論如何培養(yǎng)andwewilltalkaboutlaterhowwedoit.這些能力是可以鍛煉的ingitsmalleable們可以改變它Wecandosomethingaboutit.oncollegeathletes運(yùn)動(dòng)員聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除Iknowtherearemanyathletesinthisroom.證明了一旦成為運(yùn)動(dòng)員sanathleteanathleteisdeterminedbylevelsof于你堅(jiān)信自己能取得成功的程度osucceed二節(jié)課上edabouttheresearchbyJohnCarter有關(guān)商...哈佛商學(xué)院畢業(yè)生的aboutthebusiness...HBSgraduates.他預(yù)測...Wherehepredicted...個(gè)因素會(huì)影響他們的長期成功ethetwothingspredictedsuccessinthelongterm外成功raordinarysuccessofthesegrads提問tantlyaskingquestions聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除andtwowasthattheybelievedinthemselves.相信自己能行Theythoughttheycoulddowell.識到的是是所有這些差異sthatwasexplained能用希望信念或樂觀來解釋的書籍想引導(dǎo)我們這么認(rèn)為asmanyoftheselfhelpbookswouldhaveusbelieve.這些是成功的一部分rtoftheequationofsuccesss多嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)全面的哲學(xué)及心理學(xué)研究chological尊概念的探究ontheconceptofselfesteem行到自尊課時(shí)lvisithimmoreindepthwhenwetalkabout聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除細(xì)講他的研究whenwehavetheweekonself-esteem.引用他的一句話信的程度fourbeliefinourselves的方方面面有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響urexistenceithpeople位能取得多少成就lyto在個(gè)人領(lǐng)域lrealm墜入愛河thwhomwearelikelytofallinlove與配偶孩子及朋友的關(guān)系friends人幸福的水平"聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除whatlevelofpersonalhappinessweattain."物質(zhì)富足與幸福感l(wèi)owlevelsofcorrelation福感低度線性相關(guān)ndwellbeing高度線性相關(guān)ghcorrelationbetweenselfesteemandwellbeing究發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者的相關(guān)系數(shù)searchwhatwefoundisacorrelationconstructs論文也獲得了相同結(jié)論ThisiswhatIfoundinmydissertationaswell.自尊非常重要festeemmattersersandwhatwearedoingwhenwe身上的是raiseourlevelsofbeliefinourselves聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除我們在轉(zhuǎn)變精神改變"容器"rechangingtheform世界的角度不同了etheworlddifferently的理解與感悟ivedifferentthings人的方法不同了weexperiencethingsinadifferentway.successesthatwethencelebrate從失敗中學(xué)習(xí)轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)遇thatwethenlearnfromandturnintoopportunities.的是我們的內(nèi)在Brandenself-conceptisdestiny."只要你想得到只要你相信你就能夠做到"owhateveryourmindcanconceiveitcanfromNapoleonHill.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除lydifferencebeingthathealso進(jìn)行了嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)細(xì)致的思考與研究archthereandshowsthelimitationofthebelief.的另一個(gè)研究ea數(shù)都聽說過whichmostpeopleknowabout.應(yīng)ThePlaceboeffect.頭痛去看醫(yī)生otothedoctoryouhaveaheadachethedoctortellsyou:hereIhaveapillforyou.出的Thebestthing.Justcameoutrecently.你的頭痛Willhelpyougetovertheheadache.你吃了藥頭不痛了GivesyouthepillYougetovertheheadache.請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除不知道的是她給你的其實(shí)是糖球uwhatshegaveyouwasasugarpill是因?yàn)槟阋詾閠headache真治好了真是神藥啊itactuallydidhelpyourheadache.Realphenomenamedicine.rosstheriverdicalschoolhere列研究fresearchinthisarea家講兩個(gè)ujusttwoofhisstudies一些處在妊娠期tBensondidwasbringingwomenwhohadepregnantandwhohadstomachproblems們都有嘔吐惡心的癥狀請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除ngtheywerethrowinguptheywere其實(shí)挺常見的lycommon在懷孕初期的三個(gè)月peciallyinthefirsttrimesterofpregnancy告訴她們m部不適thatwillhelpyouovercomeyourstomachdistress.吐癥狀Youwontthrowupanymoreafter;thisisaverypowerfulandgoodpill."們ygotover們的胃部就好了theirstomachdistress,theywerebetter.eydidntknowofcoursethiswasjustaplacebodrug聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除justasugarpill.他將實(shí)驗(yàn)更進(jìn)一步tstepfurther有同樣胃部不適samestomachdistresswiththesamevomiting她們distress.是這次他給的不再是糖丸steadofasugarpill險(xiǎn)性的小劑量的吐根alldosageofipecac你們可能知道吐根...nowwhatipecacis服用的藥物聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除It'sadrugthatwetakeifwewanttothrowup.食物中毒吐ethesedrugsanditwillactuallyelicitvomiting這些病人服用了吐根again實(shí)驗(yàn)通過了道德審查沒有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)creviewsandwasnotdangerousyou這些病人服用了吐根療嘔吐womenweretoldthattheydgetbetter康A(chǔ)ndtheydidgetbetter.癥狀不僅沒有出現(xiàn)eipecactheyactuallystopped我給大家讀一段摘錄自他的《永恒的治療》聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除推薦這本書whichIhighlyrecommend,TimelessHealing.eRemarkablythepatientsnausea且根胃內(nèi)水球測量elyandtheirstomachcontractionsasmeasuredthroughtheballoonsreturnedtonormal.seamedicine催吐藥的作用sedtheprovenactionofapowerfuldrug存了吐根incaseofpoisoning適的孕婦womenwithdocumentedstomachdistress受的催吐藥物theactionofadrugthatshouldhavemadethemevensicker.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除了病痛Withbeliefalone,theycuredthemselves."說藥物沒有效果大家回家以后uknowIdontrecommendgoinghomenowand們的室友ouknowgivingyourroommates甚至氰化物youknowipecacorevenworsecyanide然后告訴他們這是維生素CandthentellthemthisisactuallyVitaminC.不會(huì)感覺好bablynotfeelbetterorhealthierasaresult實(shí)驗(yàn)表明owisthatpowerfuleffect視精神的強(qiáng)大力量ofthemindwhichweshouldn'tdiscard.Weneedtostudyitandunderstand.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除anotherexperimentthatBensonwrites驗(yàn)是在日本進(jìn)行的aboutinhisbookThiswasdoneinJapan.種植物過敏toaspecificplant們被蒙著眼睛帶進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室roughtintoalabhadtheireyesclosedandthen物碰觸他們一只手臂eseplanttouchtheirforearm然后用另一種植物碰觸另一只手臂nttouchtheirotherforearm訴他們哪邊是過敏植物andtheydidntknowwhichwaswhich.被過敏植物碰觸的手臂ursethatplantthattheywereallergicto會(huì)發(fā)出了疹子出現(xiàn)過敏反應(yīng)thearmflaredup.Theywereallergictoitafterall.實(shí)驗(yàn)還有另一個(gè)條件被告知會(huì)過敏的植物eretoldthattheactualdrugplant請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除他們的左手reallergictotouchedtheirlefthand致過敏的植物thattheywerenotallergicto他們的右手touchedtheirrighthand.hattheywereallergicto是他們的右手而不會(huì)導(dǎo)致過敏的rrighthandandtheplantthat們的左手theywerenotallergictotouchedtheirlefthand.所以按理說應(yīng)該右手起疹子而非左手Sotheyweresupposedtoflareupontheright,notontheleft.他們誤以為左邊的才是物所以左手起了疹子sonthelefttheirlefthandflareduptheirrighthanddidnot.請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除themind的這并不是說外在因素不重要theexternaldoesnt中的一切都是被吸引過來的thatwewanttointoour證明了精神antrole對構(gòu)建我們的生理情感認(rèn)知ionalcognitiveaswellasexternalreality.會(huì)成為自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言nbecomeselffulfillingprophecies作用的呢?大家分享一個(gè)模型一領(lǐng)域大量研究建立起來的Icreatedbasedonalotofresearchinthefield.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除tiallytriestoexplainhowourbeliefs如何影響我們的表現(xiàn)的ourexpectationsimpactourperformance.劑效應(yīng)ritsthroughtheplacebodrug還是我們學(xué)習(xí)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)戀愛關(guān)系等eritsourperformanceinschoolinsports的表現(xiàn)onshipsineveryareainourlives句話說這盒子里是什么rwordswhatcomesintheboxhere應(yīng)該有哪些內(nèi)容?re斡旋于信念期望meswhatmediatebetweenbeliefs表現(xiàn)之間?formanceintherealworld談兩個(gè)機(jī)制Iwanttotalkabouttwomechanisms.對簡單易懂sverystraightforward聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除pleitsmotivation信我能行well可以回憶一下自己的經(jīng)歷ownpastexperiencesenyoubelievethatyoucoulddowellinsomething會(huì)非常有動(dòng)力youaremuchmorelikelytobemotivated為自己希望渺茫inkthatyouarehopelessandhavenochance就很有可能就此放棄無所作為aremuchmorelikelytoresignandnotdoanything會(huì)受到激勵(lì)Youaremuchmorelikelytobemotivatedbefore還是練習(xí)hatevertheeventmaybeintraininginpractice十足aswellasduringtheevent,whileit'stakingplace.s聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除ThinkaboutwhatMarvaCollinsdid.她激勵(lì)學(xué)生相信他們能獲得成功attheycouldachieve生中能有所作為ttheycouldmakesomethingoutoftheirlives是他們的責(zé)任nsibilitythatitwasuptothem們的命運(yùn)andthatmadeallthedifferenceforthem.vatedtheyworkedhard動(dòng)力非常重要tivationmakesadifferencengthoughinadditiontomotivationonsistencyorcongruence么意思Whatdosethatmean聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除個(gè)人對世界都存在心理圖式ouseeweallhaveamentalschemaoftheworld會(huì)怎么樣是怎么樣rldshouldbeortobeor在半空會(huì)掉下來hatthingsfallwhenleftinmiddleair為如果我放開這東西ppedthisdactuallyfallschemaaboutmyabilityinmathematics是個(gè)優(yōu)秀的數(shù)學(xué)家tbeagoodmathematician一領(lǐng)域是否有潛力thatIhavepotentialinthisareaornot.他人的態(tài)度也有圖式我喜歡這人schemaaboutotherpeopleIlikethisperson好聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除onisanicepersonversus還是那人不好殘忍thispersonisjustnotnice,cruel.所以我們對他人對自己people現(xiàn)象都有圖式aboutourselvesaboutnaturalphenomenon.Thisisinside,theschema.外部世界Andthen,thereistheoutsideworld.部世界Intheoutsideworld,actualthingstakeplace.下來sisleftinmiddleairitfalls實(shí)與我的圖式無關(guān)Thisis,hasnothingtodowithmyschema.Itsoutside.Ithappensregardlessofmyschema.上的實(shí)際潛力聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除圖式無關(guān)ticsregardlessofmyschema他人certainpersonbehavesgenerouslyandbenevolently慷慨仁慈還是可憎無禮herpeopleorinahatefulmanner圖式無關(guān)towardotherpeopleregardlessofmyschema.部和外部兩個(gè)因素isoutside是關(guān)鍵andhereisthekeypoint.不喜歡內(nèi)部與外部useetheminddosenotlikewhenthereisadiscrepancy差異isinsideandwhatisoutside喜歡兩者一致相合keswhenthereisconsistency相合twoandifthereisnocongruence一致聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除生異議感perienceasenseofdissidencethenweexperiencedisease.不對勁ten以我們常常不惜一切讓兩者統(tǒng)一everythingthatwecantogetthetwoonparagain.外部現(xiàn)實(shí)自我思維以符合外部現(xiàn)實(shí)omatchtheexternalreality喜歡不一致Wedon'tlikewhenthereisinconsistency.好幾種方法afewwaysinwhich建一致性wecancreatethisconsistencyagain.家介紹幾個(gè)andImgonnasharefour.Theyareinterconnected.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除elationshipbetweenthereisoverlap幫助你們就此進(jìn)行思考helpsyoutothinkaboutit間derstandthedialoguethattakesplace對話atisoutside時(shí)enthereisadiscrepancy做的就是更新圖式nconsistencybetweenthetwoisupdatechema是第一種做法Thisisthefirstthingwecando.lwhenleftinmiddleair我知道了于是我更新圖式tedmyschema來以為那人很可惡sactuallyhateful們對別人慷慨仁慈聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除nevolently更新圖式他是個(gè)好人schemahesaniceperson二種做法econdthingthatwedo種更普遍pensmuchmoreoftenthanthefirstonescardinexternalinformationeanddiscardexternalinformation合圖式的外部信息thatdoesn'tmatchourschema.喜歡不一致ontlikethisinconsistency這種不一致stthrowthisinconsistencyout也就是忽視拋棄它otospeakbyignoringitdiscardingit三種方法irdthingwedo聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除weactivelyseekconfirmation.主動(dòng)尋求驗(yàn)證信息Weactivelyseekconfirmatorydata.kaboutNoandthinkaboutinthereal今年正是選舉年youknowweareinthemidstofelectionyear.的票thepersonyouarenotgoingtovotefor過誰orthepersonyoudidn'tvotefor.我們是怎么做的?通常比如twedoVeryoftenletssay到布什總統(tǒng)做了件好事entBushdoingsomethinggoodactuallyfightingforacausethatIbelievein.我之前沒給布什投票舉例而已hforinstance數(shù)情況下我會(huì)選擇VeryoftenwhatIwoulddoisignore請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除mation然后尋找有利證據(jù)以支持...videncethatwillsuggestor立場willconfirmtomewhyIdontlikeBushinthefirstplace這同樣適用于今后的選舉比如希拉里或奧巴馬Thissameregarding,saythefutureelections,HillaryorObama.歡他們我就會(huì)尋找相應(yīng)證據(jù)emIwouldlookforconfirmingevidence么不喜歡他們dislikethemandeveniftheydothings事atIlikeandvalueandbelievein會(huì)選擇忽視lignorethesethingsanddiscardthem們所做的就是創(chuàng)造另一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)hatyouaredoinghereyouarecreatingarealitysuchas做過什么惡請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除erehasBushdoneterriblethingsor或奧巴馬做過什么惡asHillaryorObamadidterriblethingswhenweaskthesequestions經(jīng)完全忽略拋棄正面的東西wecompletelyignore,discard,notseethepositives.們幾何性質(zhì)嗎es車上的孩子Youdidn'tseethechildrenonthebus.yes創(chuàng)造現(xiàn)實(shí)realitythisconsistency常會(huì)采取二者中的一種方法wedoveryoftenoneofthesetwothings.視拋棄要么尋找有利證據(jù)積極或消極來支持我們的圖式聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除ivetobackupourschema希拉里奧巴馬好還是布什好何看法orwhateveritisthatwearethinkingabout.實(shí)hingismuchmoredirectlycreatinganewrealityWhatkindofrealityexistedbeforethethofMay1954?lityinwhichfourminutes是人類的極限不可能突破wasthelimitofhumanability.BannisteratdidEdisondosorrywhatdidBannisterdo說可能于是改變了外在現(xiàn)實(shí)eality不僅是他自己還有世界上其他賽跑者orld的現(xiàn)實(shí)Andsuddenlyanewrealitywascreated.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除ytheschemawasfourminutesisnotpossiblesisnotpossible式andeveryoneadheredtothisschema.他改變了現(xiàn)實(shí)不僅為自己notjustforhimself為其他賽跑者nnerswhowerethere干勁十足的人達(dá)成后fterweperformwithhigh人可能也會(huì)尋求統(tǒng)一mightlookingforconsistency解讀自己表現(xiàn)isleftustodoisinterpretourperformance成功還是不成功好還是壞uccessfulornotsuccessfulandgoodorbad有兩種解讀方法Andtherearetwoformsofinterpretation.請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除觀解讀retationdidIjustgiveAinanexamordidIgetaC.名還是最后一名idIcomelastintheirrace林斯頓大學(xué)的冰球賽是贏了還是輸了?哈佛加油到底發(fā)生了什么?onGoHarvardSowhathappen就是現(xiàn)實(shí)客觀stherealityItsobjectiveitsobjectiveButthen同時(shí)還有由信仰決定的主觀解讀thereisalsothesubjectiveinterpretationbasedonmybeliefs.舉個(gè)例子mplewithyou于托馬斯.愛迪生的故事ThisisastorytoldaboutThomasEdison.homasEdisonbackinthes研究燈泡ngalongwiththerestofthescientificcommunity請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除用電發(fā)光onthelightbulbongeneratinglightfromelectricity.科學(xué)界都在研究這一課題rescientificcommunityormuchofitwasworking所獲osuccess愛迪生也不例外ThomasEdisonbeingnoexception.ournalistfromoneofthelocalpapers迪生ametoThomasEdisontointerview時(shí)已經(jīng)非常有名了發(fā)明了很多東西ings談了各種話題weretalkingaboutvariousthings始講燈泡問題andthentheygottotalkaboutthelightbulb.愛迪生說"愛迪生先生"hejournalistsaidtoEdisonMrEdison力于燈泡研究許多年了you'vebeenworkingonthelightbulbformanyyears.聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除科學(xué)界都在進(jìn)行相同研究fthescientificcommunityhasbeenworkingonit所獲"tonoavail."這位記者也知道于是他對愛迪生說ewthatsohetoldEdisonandyoufailed5000times.Giveitup."能知道愛迪生聽力不好一項(xiàng)專利就是助聽器ofhearinginfactoneofhispatentswasahearingaid.以他對記者說"你說什么emewhatdidyousay那個(gè)記者重復(fù)"我說你失敗了5000次journalistsaidwellIsaidyoufailedtimes放棄吧"愛迪生回答"我沒有失敗5000次聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除giveitupSoEdisonrespondedIdidn'tfail5000times.Isucceeded5000times.證明了哪些方法行不通"Isucceededinshowingwhatdoesn'twork."formancefailedexperiments不同的解讀tinterpretation也其他科學(xué)界認(rèn)定journalistandmanyotherpeople可能達(dá)成的udeitsnotpossible觀解讀nsubjectiveinterpretationofEdisonitsjust走向成功的敲門磚因?yàn)槭强赡艿牡仙诎l(fā)明燈泡前就宣布sondeclaredbeforehehadthelightbulbonthestofDecember泡聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除helightbulb明燈泡前Thatwaslongbeforehehaddoneit.erEdisondisplayedtotheworldgeneratinglightfromelectricity.likeinJohnFKennedysaidthattherewouldbeaonthemoonbytheendofthedecade.那時(shí)我們連登月的物質(zhì)條件...forewehadthematerialsnecessaryfor還不具備thertechnologynecessaryfordoingit全世界放話說踏上月球然后創(chuàng)造了現(xiàn)實(shí)andsaiditspossibletodoitAndthatcreatedareality.的辛勤工作是分不開的聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除Thatwascoupledwithalotofhardwork.了燈泡allycreatedthelightbulb干坐在實(shí)驗(yàn)室說ittinghisroomandsayingIbelievethereforeIwillachieve"會(huì)加倍努力believeandIwillworkevenhardernow滿懷斗志地工作withmoremotivationandsoon.他的一條名言是"我從失敗走向成功"Oneofhismantras,"Ifailedmywaytosuccess."史上最富創(chuàng)造力最多產(chǎn)的科學(xué)家ncethatEdisonbyfarthemostcreative不是巧合andproductivescientificgeniusofalltime.dpatentsinhiscareer聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除富創(chuàng)造力的科學(xué)家tohimNocoincidencebutthemostsuccessful敗次數(shù)最多的科學(xué)家toryisalsoasfarasweknow不是巧合thescientistwhohadfailedthemosttimes.redepth完美主義時(shí)會(huì)精講whenwetalkedaboutperfectionism.學(xué)家與藝術(shù)家ulscientistsandartiststhroughourhistory最多的werealsotheoneswhofailedthemosttimes.idencethatBabeRuthwhohitduringmanyofthers三振出局最多的聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除emosthomerunsalsohitthemoststrikeouts.easonswasstrikeoutthemosttimesrather往往是uccessfulpeopleinhistoryarealsoveryoften次數(shù)最多的thepeoplewhohadfailedthemosttimes.我會(huì)反復(fù)在課堂上重復(fù)sasentencethatIllrepeatitoverandoveragain敗中學(xué)習(xí)lassandhereitislearntofailorfailtolearn敗中學(xué)習(xí)成功別無他法thereisnootherwaytosucceed.他法nootherwaytolearnintermsofhowtowork習(xí)如何在科學(xué)政治或藝術(shù)界otherwaytolearnintermsoflearning得成功別無他法edasscientistorasapoliticianorasanartist請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除Theartists,asDeanSimontonshowed,whohadthemostdubs,有過最多次挫折最多次失敗嘗試的藝術(shù)家ailedattemptsthroughouthistorywerealso來最成功的藝術(shù)家theartistswhowerethemostsuccessfulinthelongrun.成功沒有捷徑是坐下來思考htojustsitdownandthink不夠的andconceiveandbelieve.的比這多得多Weneedtodomuchmorethanthat.chology有關(guān)樂觀主義和悲觀主義的研究fworkonoptimismandpessimism發(fā)現(xiàn)Andhereiswhathefound.他發(fā)現(xiàn)就目標(biāo)設(shè)定而言oundwasthatwhenitcomestogoalsetting請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除不論在他們的短期目標(biāo)shorttermgoals期目標(biāo)上都很現(xiàn)實(shí)aswellasintermsoftheirlongtermgoals.好事That'sgoodthingtobearealistic.和長期目標(biāo)都很現(xiàn)實(shí)ermgoalaswellaslongtermgoalrealistic抱歉樂觀主義者與之相反ptimistsarerealisticsorryoptimistsontheother的短期目標(biāo)設(shè)定上并不現(xiàn)實(shí)termgoals們的長期目標(biāo)就很現(xiàn)實(shí)ticwhenitcomestotheirlongtermgoals這是怎么回事?讓我們再來看這個(gè)模型Whyisthat?Well,let'slookatthemodelagain.看悲觀主義者tstakethepessimistsfirst他們有某個(gè)目標(biāo)他們的期望低taingoalandtheyhavelowexpectations不高他們不認(rèn)為自己能做好eliefstheydontthinktheywoulddowell聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除他們的大腦尋求一致tency表現(xiàn)通常取決于eisusuallyaccordingto的信念和期望theirbeliefsandexpectations.他們的理解是我早跟你說了Andtheinterpretationis,Itoldyouso.跟你說了我做不好ItoldyouIcouldn'tdowellhere.異口同聲說是的你早就跟我們說了Andtheneveryoneelseinachorussaysyesyoutoldusso是好啊ticofyou主義者超出了自身的期望成功pectations怎么樣呢?thenwhathappens這時(shí)的解釋是低水平的信念pretationislowlevelsofbeliefs聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除解釋就是只是走運(yùn)而已wellitwaslucky火星轉(zhuǎn)到了金星的前面useeveryyearswonthappenagain.或者今天是我的幸運(yùn)日或者是因?yàn)樗裉毂憩F(xiàn)得不好hejustplayedverypoorlytoday求一致nthemindlookingforconsistency次地重復(fù)這個(gè)循環(huán)aroundthatloopagainandagain一次變得現(xiàn)實(shí)andthenbecomerealisticoncemore.不成功的現(xiàn)實(shí)但是現(xiàn)實(shí)ealisticbutrealistic目標(biāo)上horttermaswellasinthelongterm.在來看樂觀主義者聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除mistnow者一開始有著很高的信念miststartswithhighlevelsofbeliefs積極性非常高diblyhigh們的大腦尋求一致性表現(xiàn)沒那么好kingforconsistencyperformancenotsogood的那么好stheexpectationswere言之就是不現(xiàn)實(shí)Inotherwords,unrealistic.是由于信念水平很高他們的解釋sofbeliefs觀的解釋是bjectiveinterpretationis吧如果我從中吸取教訓(xùn)了會(huì)怎么樣?這是個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)tifIlearnfromitThisisanopportunity次其實(shí)做得有進(jìn)步了就當(dāng)吸取教訓(xùn)了eactuallygotbetterthistimeWhatifIlearn們依然保持著很高的信念A(yù)ndtheystillhavehighlevelsofbeliefs望聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除andhighlevelsofexpectations.極性很高大腦尋求積極性現(xiàn)依然不好ormstillnotgood們所期望的那么好不現(xiàn)實(shí)yexpectedunrealistic依然是如果我從中吸取教訓(xùn)了會(huì)怎么樣?hatifIlearnfromit做得好多了I'vegoneevenbetterthisti