專八作文典范(注解版)

/Topic1ShouldTraditionalChineseEtiquette[n.禮儀,禮節(jié)]BeTaughtinClass?ThroughoutmostofChina’slonghistory,therelationshipsbetweenpeoplewerebasedoncarefullyprescribed[decidedbyarule]formsofbehavior,thatis,etiquette.Learningandfollowingetiquetteissoimportantthatpeoplearealwaysjudgedbyhowcloselytheyfollowtheserulesofbehaviors.Forthosewhodonotfollowthoseprescribedrulesofconduct,theyareregardedasuncivilizedbarbarians[野蠻人].However,asChinahasbeenincreasinglyentangled[involvedinasituationthatisdifficulttoescapefrom]intheglobalvillage,manyChinesepeople,especiallytheyoung,havelostsometraditionsbecauseoftheinfluencesofWesterncultures.Accordingtoafamousprofessor,themajorityofChinesecollegestudentshavenothadsystematictrainingontraditionalChineseetiquette.Asforme,traditionaletiquetteshouldbetaughtinclass.Firstly,ifcollegestudentscanreceiveasystematiceducationintraditionaletiquetteinclass,theycangetmorepreparedforthefuture.Asisknown,collegestudentsusuallyhavelearntsometraditionaletiquettethroughdailyinteractionwithfriendsandrelatives,buttheprocessistime-consuming[耗時的].Theyhavetobesensitiveenoughtoobserveotherpeople’sbehaviorsandthenknowwhatproperbehaviorsindifferentsocialsituationsare.Sometimesthelearningprocessisbytrialanderror[試錯法，反復試驗].Theycanonlyformrightbehaviorsafterbreakingtherulesofconductandbeingcorrectedbythecostlyconsequence.Iftheyhavealreadytakenasystematicetiquettecourseincollege,theycanfollowproperetiquetteandhaveamoreguaranteed[ifsomethingisguaranteed,youwilldefinitelyhaveit]future.Secondly,asthesemeticulous[過度重視細節(jié)的]rulesofconducthavebeenformedthroughoutChinesehistory,theyareuniqueChinesecharacteristicsandareinseparabletoChineseculture.Withtheadvent[thecomingofanimportantevent]ofglobalization,westerncultureissoinfluentialthatmanyyoungpeopleoftenlooktoWesterncustomsandetiquetteasbeingfashionable.Forexample,nowadaysmostyoungwomeninChinawouldliketowearwestern-stylewhitedressesandveils[面紗]atweddingwhiletraditionalChineseweddingsfeatureredgowns[女長服，長袍]forbridesandwhiteisanabsolutetaboo[禁忌].Inthelongterm,ifthetrend[趨向，時尚]toadoptwesternetiquettecannotbecurbed[(curb):抑制],theChinesegenerationsinthefuturewilllosetheirculturalidentity.Furthermore,theextinctionofChineseetiquettewillbetothedetrimentof[harming]thediversityofglobalculture.Tosomeextent,thecoursecanservetoarouse[喚醒]collegestudents’culturalprideandhelptopreserve[保存]andfurtherdevelopChineseculture.Inconclusion,takingtraditionalChineseetiquetteincollegewillnotonlymakegraduatesmorepreparedfortheirfuture,butalsocanconstitute[=be,equal]animportantmeasure[anaction,astep]forcollegestudentstoformChineseculturalidentityandthereforetopreserveChinesetraditionandfurtherdevelopit.Topic2AreNowadaysCollegeGraduatesNotasCompetent[有能力的]asBefore?Asaneconomicrulegoes,whensupplyoutweighs[(outweigh):v.(在重量、價值或重要性上)超過]demand,thepricedecreases[(decrease):v.減少].Thesameseemstrueforthecurrentsituationforcollegegraduates.Since1999,thecentralgovernmenthasimplemented[應用的]theGrandCollegeEnrollment[n.登記,注冊,入伍]Plan[n.&vt.計劃,打算],withthetotalnumberofcollegegraduatesontheincreaseinthefollowingyears.Buttheboomed[(boom):v.n.激增,繁榮,迅速發(fā)展]economydoesnotprovideenoughjobsforthosegraduatescomingoutatatime.Therefore[ad.因此,所以],manypeoplereasonthatcollegegraduatesarenotascompetentasbeforeformanyofthemhavedifficultiesinfindingjobs.ButIdisagreewiththisconclusion.Firstly,admittedly[adv.不可否認地,誠然],therearesomecollegegraduateswhoarenotcompetent,butthesestudentscannotrepresentallthestudents.Due[a.預期的;應給的]totheGrandCollegeEnrollmentPlan,moreandmorehighschoolstudentshaveaccess[n.接近;通道,入口]tothehighereducation.Inevitably[ad.不可避免地],thestandardhasbeenlowered;otherwise,universitycannotadmitsomanyapplicants[(applicant):n.申請人].Whilethosesmartstudentsinhighschoolsaremorelikelytohaveexcellentperformance,othernot-so-goodstudentswouldhavedifficultiesincollegelearning.Asaresult,thosegraduateswithbadperformanceincollegecannotdemonstrate[vt.說明;論證;表露]thevalueofhigherlearningtothesocietyandhence[ad.因此,所以;今后]theygraduallyformtheincompetentimageofcollegegraduates.Secondly,thosewhoholdthisnegativeopiniondonottakethesocialcontext[n.(事或人物等的)來龍去脈,背景]intoconsideration.Asisknown,intheperiodwhenChinacarriedoutplannedeconomicpolicies,collegegraduatesdidnotneedtoworryabouttheirjobs,for“iron-bowls”waitedforthemaftergraduation.Butafterthereformofhighereducation,collegegraduateshavetofindjobsforthemselves.Whenhundredsofthousandsofgraduatescompeteforalimitednumberofjobvacancies[空缺額],thereareinevitablymanywhocannotprocure[vt.獲得,取得,促成]idealjobs.Besides,employment[n.就業(yè)]isalwaysinfluencedbyglobalandnationaleconomy.Wheneconomyslowsdown,thecorporate[n.公司的]worldwouldnotrecruit[v.征募]asmanyemployeesasbefore.Forexample,in2009,manycollegegraduates,frombothprestigious[adj.有聲望的]universitiesandless-knownuniversities,havedifficultiesinhuntingjobs.Inthissense,itisnotcollegegraduatesthatareincompetent,instead,itisthesocialcontextthatisunfavorable[adj.否定的,不利的]tocollegegraduates.Asfactorscombinetoleadtoaresult,onecannotsimplyreachconclusionswithouttakingvariousfactorsintoaccount.Otherwise[ad.另外;在其他方面],onewouldmakereductionistmistakes.Inthiscase,thosewhothinkcollegestudentsarenotascompetentasbeforehavemadethiskindofmistake.Theyjustattribute[v.把(某事)…歸因于,認為是…結果]collegegraduates’difficultiesinfindingjobstotheirincompetence,withoutexploringthesocialandeconomicsituations.Topic3IsItMeaningful[adj.有意義的]toReceiveCollegeEducation[n.教育;教育學]?Giventhefactthatmanycollegestudentshavedifficultiesinfindingjobsintherecent,thousandsofhighschoolstudentsarereportedtorefusetotaketheNationalCollegeEntranceExamination[n.檢查;考試].Thenewsseemssoconvincing[(convince):vt.使確信,使信服]thatmanystudents,theirparents,andthesocietyreachtheconclusionthatreceivingcollegeeducationisawasteoftimeandmoney.Undoubtedly[adv.毫無疑問地],thesestudentscanearn[vt.賺得,掙得;獲得]somemoneyworkinginbigcitiesorrunningtheirownbusinessinthenearfuture.However,Iamofopinionthatthisviewismyopic[a.近視的],whichistothedetrimentofpersonaldevelopmentandChina’soverall[n.工裝褲a.全面的]growthinthelongterm.Firstly,intermsofpersonaldevelopment,universityisnotavocational[a.職業(yè)的]trainingcenterdespitethefactthatauniversitydiploma[n.畢業(yè)文憑,畢業(yè)證書]indicatesgraduatesaremorelikelytofinddecent[adj.合適的]jobs.Instead,universityisaplaceforpersonalcultivation[n.培養(yǎng)]andimprovement.Inuniversities,studentswilllearntofindtheirrealinterests,perfecttheirpersonality,andformrightoutlookstowardtheworld.Furthermore,studentswilllearntogather,analyze,andevaluate[v.評價,估計]informationsothattheycanresolve[vt.解決;決心n.決心]problemsintheirlives.Forthosewhoaresuspicious[adj.懷疑的]ofthevalueofhigherlearning,tosomeextent,theycanberegardedasplutolatry[財富崇拜,拜金主義].Theyworship[n.禮拜;崇拜vt.崇拜]moneyandbelievethatmoneyiseverythingintheirlives.Secondly,intermsofnationalgrowth,theadvancementofanation[n.民族,國家]ischaracterizedbyitsgreatnessofhigheducation.Inthissense,universitiesarethecentersofresearchandacademicexploration.TaketheUnited[adj.統(tǒng)一的;聯(lián)合的]States[(state):n.州;國家;政府]forinstance.Amongthetop100universitiesintheworld,themajorityofthemarelocatedintheUnitedStates.TheadvancementofUShigheducationisindicative[adj.表示的,暗示的]ofthefactthatthoseuniversitiesproducethemostNobel[n.諾貝爾]Prizelaureates[(laureate):a.戴桂冠的,用月桂樹造的,榮譽的]incomparisonwithothercountries.Americanuniversitiesalsoturnouttobeamagnet[n.磁鐵,磁石,磁體]formostsmartstudentsaroundtheworld.Thoseuniversitiescontribute[v.導致]tremendoussharetotheUS’growththroughscientificandtechnological[a.技術的]support.InChina,ifthebeliefthatreceivingcollegeeducationisawasteoftimeandmoneycannotbecorrectedintime,itisinevitable[a.不可避免的,必然的]thatChinacanonlyreap[v.得到,獲得(報酬、成果等);收割,收獲]short-term[a.短期的]GDPgrowthbutwillbedeprived[(deprive):v.剝奪]ofopportunitytobecomeacompetitive[adj.競爭的,比賽的]internationalplayersinthelongrun,forthehumanresourcewillbedrained[(drain):vt.排去;放水n.耗竭]eventually[ad.終于;最后].Insum,receivingcollegeeducationwillbenefitbothindividualandthecountry.Indicativeofthedire[adj.可怕的;悲慘的]jobmarketforcollegegraduatesisnottheuselessnessofcollegeeducation.Instead,collegeeducationmeansweshouldstudyhardertomakeafullpreparationforthefuture.Topic4CanCollegeVillageHeadsPlanReallyHelp?DuetotheGrandCollegeEnrollmentPlan,thenumberofuniversitygraduateshasbeenontheincreasesincethecentralgovernmentstartedimplementing[實現]theplan.Thoughtheplanhelpsimproveournationalquality,itcreatespressureforthejobmarkets.Withsomanycollegestudentscomingoutatatime,manygraduateshavedifficultiesinfindingsuitablejobs.Inordertocreatemorejobs,thegovernmentencouragescollegegraduatestoworkinvillagesof28provincesandregions[(region):n.地區(qū),地帶;領域]withaviewthatrural[a.農村的,田園的]administrationwillbestrengthened[(strengthen):v.加強,鞏固;變強,實力增強]atthesametime.Asaresult,tensofthousandscollegegraduateshavebeenappointed[(appoint):vt.任命,委任;約定]asvillageofficialsintheruralareas.Itappearsthatthisplanhelpsalleviate[v.減輕,緩解,緩和]thepressurecausedbygraduate[n.畢業(yè)生vi.大學畢業(yè)]employment,butIdonotthinktheplanwillworkinthelongrun.Firstly,afterservingasvillageofficialsintheruralareasfortwoyears,themajorityofthosecollegevillageofficialswillstarttolookforjobsinthejobmarketagain,aggravating[(aggravate):v.加劇,加重]thepressureofthejobmarket.Somemayarguethatthenumberofthosevillageofficialswhoenterthejobmarketagainisbalancedbythenumberofnewcollegegraduateswhowouldbeappointedasvillageofficials.Thetruthisthatwhilethosestudentshavespenttwoyearsintheruralareas,theydonotgainenoughexperienceinthecorporateworldandarelikelytoforgetwhattheyhavelearntincollege.Inthissense,theyarenotguaranteedtofinddecentjobsagain.Besides,whenworkingintheruralareas,thesestudentswithhigherdegreesarerespectedbyvillagepeople,andarelikelytogetaccustomedtofeelingsuperior[adj.優(yōu)良的,較好的]topeoplearoundthem.Onecanimaginetheywouldprobablybefrustratedwhentheyworkwiththosewhoholdthesamecollegedegreesorevenhigherdegrees.Secondly,whenthesupplyofcollegegraduatesandthedemandofoursocietyareunbalanced[a.不平衡的],theimbalance[n.不平衡,不均衡]canbeobtainedbyincreasingavailablejobsordecreasing[(decrease):v.減少]thesupplyofcollegegraduates,whichmeansthereduction[n.減少,降低]ofcollegeenrollment.Giventhefactthattheeconomyslowsdownintherecent,itisdifficulttocreatemorejobs.Whileofferinggoodtermsforgraduatessuchaswell-paidsalaryandresidential[adj.提供住宿的;居住的;住宅的]certificate[n.證書,證件,執(zhí)照]guarantee[v.保證,擔保],thegovernmentcancreatemorejobsintheshortterm,butdoesnotprovidelong-term[adj.長期的]remedy[n.治療措施,補救辦法].Inthissense,theplandoesnotsolve[vt.解答,解釋,解決]thefundamentalimbalancebetweenthesupplyandthedemandofcollegegraduates.Insum,theplantoencouragecollegegraduatestoworkintheruralareascanonlyprovideatemporary[a.暫時的,臨時的]remedyforthejobmarket.Ithinkthegovernmentshouldrecognizethefundamentalimbalanceandfindthewaybacktoelite[a.杰出的n.中堅分子]education.Topic5ShouldCollegeEducationBeVocation-Oriented?Duetotheincreasedenrollmentofcollegestudentsinrecentyears,thetotalnumberofgraduatescomingoutatthesametimeissuchthatmanycollegegraduateshavedifficultiesinprocuring[(procure):vt.獲得,取得,促成]jobs,especiallywhentheeconomyissufferingslowdown[n.降低速度,減速].Andthenmanyscholarssuggestthatcollegesshouldlayemphasisonvocationaltrainingbysettingrelativecoursesinthecollegecurriculum[n.課程]sothatgraduatesaremorelikelytobeemployed.Takingtheemployers’requirement[n.要求]intoconsideration,thatis,workingexperience,thesuggestionseemsreasonable.However,Ithink,evenifuniversitiesbecomevocation-oriented,itcannotservewellfortheemployment.Besides,thevocationalorientation[n.向東;定位;方向]willdoharmtothehighereducation.Firstly,thesuggestionseemstobebasedonthefactthatnewcollegegraduatesmayhavelearnedmountainsoftheoriesbutlackpracticalabilities.Inaccordwiththissuggestion,ifcollegestudentshavereceivedenoughvocationaltrainingandgainedexperienceininternship[n.實習生身份],theyarelikelytogetemployed.Admittedly,self-improvement[n.自我改造]iscrucial[adj.至關重要的]fornewgraduatestohuntjobs.Butthesuggestiondoesnottakeintoaccountjobvacanciesinthepresent.ThoughChina’seconomykeepsgrowingatarateofabout9%intherecentandthenumberofjobsdoesincrease,toomanygraduatescomingoutatatimewillcreategreatpressureforthejobmarket.Asanofficialstated,“thegrandcollegeenrollmentplanisoneofthemainreasonsforthecurrentunemployment[n.失業(yè),失業(yè)人數]issue”.Therefore,evenifcollegestudentshaveenoughexperienceandskills,willtheysucceedinprocuringjobswhentherearenopositionsavailableatall?Secondly,vocationalorientationistothedetrimentofthehigherlearninginthelongterm.Letusbeginwiththedifferenceingoalsbetweenuniversityandvocationaltraining.Ascollegestudentsmaydecidetofinishhisstudiesaftergraduationormaycontinueatahigherlevel,universitycoursesshouldthusprovidebothbasicknowledgeandasoundbasisforfurtherstudies.Invocationaltraining,thegoalsofagivencoursearedistinct,thatis,thecourseisdesignedtoteachtrainees[(trainee):n.拉受訓練的人]basicknowledgeandskills.Inconsequence,ifuniversitiesarevocation-oriented,studentsatcollegecannotgetpreparedinclassforahigherleveloflearning.Predictably[ad.可預言地],thepyramid[n.金字塔]ofhigherlearningwillcrumble[v.弄碎,崩毀]ifuniversitiescannotproduceenoughqualifiedstudents.Inconclusion,vocation-orientationmayhelpimprovegraduates’skillsbutitcannotincreasethenumberofavailablepositions.Thesuggestionjustoffersawrongremedy,andwilldoharmtothehigherlearning.Topic6OnFollowingSuitAspeoplerespondtoincentives[(incentive):n.刺激,鼓勵],theywillchangetheirbehaviorsiftheyperceive[vt.察覺,發(fā)覺;理解]thatcostsorbenefitschange.Thisprincipleseemstofindwideapplicationinourdailylives.Whencollegegraduateslearnthatreceivingamasterdegreewillgivethemanupperhandinthejobmarket,manydecidetotakepartinpost-graduateentranceexaminations.InChina,itisregardedasfollowingsuit.Thoughweadmirethosewhopridethemselvesonstickingtotheiridealsandprinciples,oddsmaynotbeagainstthosewhofollowsuit.Generally[ad.一般地;通常地]speaking,therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesoffollowingsuit.Firstly,followingsuitisindicativeofthefactthatfollowershavenoindispensable[a.必不可少的,必需的]beliefsorfixedprinciplesandhencetheyareflexible[adj.能隨機應變的,有靈活性的]inthevicissitudes[(vicissitude):n.變化,變遷,榮枯,盛衰]oflives.Whenthesocialcontextchangesandopportunitiesarise[vi.出現;由…引起],thosefollowersarethefirsttorespondandmakedecisions.TaketheEnglishtrainingserviceforexample.Inearly1990s,increasingnumberofcollegegraduatesdecidedtostudyoverseasandhenceEnglishtrainingservicewasinlargedemand.Giventhatforerunners[(forerunner):n.先驅;前兆]hadmakeafortunebyprovidingtrainingprogramstothosegraduates,manybusinessmenjustfollowedsuitandestablishedseveraltrainingschools.Undoubtedly,thosewhofollowedsuitwhenthemarketdidnotreachsaturation[n.飽和(狀態(tài));浸透]didmakemoney.Secondly,itisnoteworthy[a.值得注目的,顯著的]thatfollowingsuitcanavoidmakingmistakes.Forthoseforerunners,thereisnoprevious[a.先的;前的ad.在前]informationattheirhand,andtherefore,itwilltakealongtimetolearnandimprovebytrialanderror.Duringtheperiodoftrialanderror,forerunnerswillencounter[v.遇到n.相見,相遇]unexpecteddifficultiesandpressures.Asaresult,whenthosebecomesuccessfulincertaindomains[(Domain):n.領土,領域],theyhaveprovedthatthepathwillleadtosuccess,providingbothprosandcons[(con):n.反對的理由、論點或立場].Onthecontrary[a.相反的n.相反],followersneednotexperiencetheprocessoftrialanderror.Theycanjustimitate[vt.模仿,仿效;仿制]theirforerunners’provenpatternofbehaviorsandhaveeasieraccesstosuccess.Therearealsosomedisadvantagesoffollowingsuit.Whentherearesomanyfollowers,theworldwillbecomecrowdedandoddsareagainstthoselaterfollowers.Furthermore,followingsuitpreventsinnovation[n.新方法,新辦法,革新]andcreation,whichistothedetrimentofoursociety.However,whetheroneshouldfollowsuitornotisnotsimplyato-be-or-not-to-bequestion.Abasicassumption[n.假定,設想]ofindividualpersonisthateveryoneisrational[a.理性的;出于理性的].Sooneshouldcarefullycalculatecostsandbenefitsinspecificcircumstancesbeforetheydecidetofollowsuitornot.Topic7ShouldChineseLanguageCourseBeAdopted[(adopt):v.采納,采取]inCollegeCurricula[n.課程]?ThemomentIsawthetopic,apostoriginallysubmitted[(submit):vt.使服從vi.服從]inPeking[n.北京]UniversityBBS[布告欄系統(tǒng)]occurredtome.Thepostcomposed[(compose):vt.組成,構成;創(chuàng)作]ofaconversationbetweenaChineseyoungman,theauthor,andawaitercomingfromJapan.TheauthorsufferedfrustrationwhenthewaiteraskedhimaboutChineseculture.Surprisingly[ad.令人驚訝地],theJapanesedemonstrated[(demonstrate):vt.說明;論證;表露]thathegotcommandofmoreChineseculturethanmostChineseyoungpeople.Idonotknowwhatyourinitial[a.最初的;詞首的]responseissupposingthatyouweresetinthecircumstance.Asamatteroffact,Chineselanguagecoursehasdrawnscant[adj.不足的,欠缺的]attentionamongcollegestudents,formanystudentslaytheiremphasisonEnglishlearning.IamofopinionthatChineselanguagecourseshouldbesetinthecategory[n.種類,類別]ofcompulsory[a.必須做的]coursesincollegecurriculum.Firstly,itishightimeforcollegestudentstore-learnChineselanguage.FormanyChinesestudents,theyjustlearnChineselanguageforexaminations’sake[n.緣故,理由]inelementary[a.基本的;初級的]schoolsandhighschools.Inotherwords,manylearnChineselanguagetogethighscoresinsteadofgrasping[(grasp):vt.抓緊;掌握n.抓]theessence[n.要素,實質]ofChineseculture.Infact,wecannotmeasureone’sunderstandingofculturebyhowmanyscoreshegetintheexaminationsorhowmanypoemsandessayshehasmemorized.Whatmattersiswhetheronecanfigureoutthegist[n.要點,要旨,依據]andfacilitate[vt.使便利,使(更)容易]hislifethroughwhathegainsfromthelearning.Incollege,studentsarenotimposed[(impose):vt.把…強加;征(稅)]asmuchpressureasinhighschoolinlearningChineselanguage.Besides,theyaremoremature[a.成熟的vt.使成熟]thaninchildhoodandhavetheabilitytothinkcritically.Iftheydonotseizethechancetore-learntheChineselanguage,oddsarethattheycannotinherit[vt.繼承(傳統(tǒng)等)]wisdomsofourancestors[(ancestor):n.祖宗,祖先]andnotgetpreparedforthefuture.Secondly,sincewesternculturesarelooming[(loom):v.赫然出現]largeinChinawiththeadventofglobalization,Chinesetraditionalcultureseemstobeendangered[(endanger):vt.危及].Manypeople,especiallytheyouth,areinterestedinlearningforeignlanguage,Englishinparticular,andtheircultures.TheyprefertowatchAmericanmovies,Japanesecartoons,andlistentoforeignmusic.Whilewesternculturalproductsarewellreceived,thepopularity[n.普及,流行]oftheChinesecounterpart[n.與對方地位相當的人;與另一方作用相當物]isonthedecrease[v.減少].Whenforeignculturesaresoprevalent[adj.流行的,普遍的]inChina,willourfuturegenerationfigureoutourChineseculturalidentity?Asthebasicmanifestation[n.顯示,證明,示威運動]ofculture,Chineselanguagedeserves[(deserve):v.應得]moreattentionandbettertreatment.Chineseuniversitiesshouldtaketheresponsibilitiestopreserveanddevelopourtraditionalculture,Chineselanguageinparticular.Allinall,astraditionalChinesecultureandwisdommanifest[vt.表明a.明白的]themselvesinChineselanguage,adoptingthecourseinthecurriculawillnotonlyeducatecollegestudents,butalsohelppreserveanddevelopChineseculture.Topic8CollegeStudents’Image[n.形象]Reconsidered[(reconsider):v.再考慮,重新考慮]Nowadays,collegestudentscomprised[(comprise):v.構成,組成]ofthepost-[adj.後]80generationandthepost-90generationarealwaysputinthestormofcriticisms.Tolistafewofthesecriticisms,theyareaccused[(accuse):vt.指責;歸咎于]ofbeingspoiled[(spoil):vt.損壞,糟蹋;寵壞]bytheirparents,forthemajorityofthemaretheonlychildrenoftheirfamilies.Broughtupinthesocialcontextofopeningupandreform,theyarealwaysrenounced[(renounce):v.宣布放棄,拋棄]bytheoldergenerationthattheyhavebeenwesternized[(westernize):v.西洋化,歐化]lookingtowesternculturesasfashionableandbeingcynical[adj.憤世嫉俗的]theChinesecounterpart.Givenmoreandmorecollegegraduateshavedifficultiesinfindingdecentjobs,theyareperceived[(perceive):vt.察覺,發(fā)覺;理解]bytheoldergenerationsasnotcompetentascollegestudentsoftheoldergenerations.However,Iamofopinionthattheaforementioned[a.上述的,前述的]negativeimageisimposeduponthepost-80and-90generations,whichisunfair.Firstly,asthemajorityofpost-80and-90generationcollegestudentsareatschoolorinthelowerlayersofsocialmyriad[adj.許多,無數],theyarevulnerable[a.易受傷害的,脆弱的]totheirsuperior’sjudgments.Asisknown,thoseoldergenerationswerebroughtupinalessaffluent[a.豐富的,富裕的]andisolatedsociety,theyweredeniedafavorablesocialbackground.Collegestudentsinthepasthadtoworkhardertobeadmittedduetothelimitedresourcesofhigherlearning.Whentheywereincollege,manycouldnotgainallowance[n.津貼,補貼,零用錢]fromtheirfamiliessothattheygotintothehabitoffrugality[n.節(jié)儉,儉省].Beforetheadoption[n.收養(yǎng),領養(yǎng)]ofopeninguppolicy,it’sdifficultforthemtogetaccesstoforeigncultures,nottomentionAmericanmoviesandJapanesecartoons.Asaresult,thoseoldergenerationsarelikelytodeem[v.認為,視為,斷定為]anybehaviorsdifferentfromtheirownexperiencesasunacceptable[adj.不能接受的]andduetotheirseniority[n.資深;職位高;年長,年高]theyareabletoexpresstheirjudgmentsonvariousoccasions.Onthecontrary,thepost-80and-90generationscannotvoicetheiropinionsinasocietydominated[(dominate):v.支配,控制]bytheoldergenerations.Secondly,admittedly,partofthepost-80and-90collegestudentsfitintothenegativeimage,buttheycannotrepresentallthecollegestudents.Accordingtoourexperience,therearestudentswhoareobsessed[(obsess):v.困擾]withcomputergames,whospendalotoftimekeepingloveaffairs,andwhospendmoneyinanextravagant[adj.奢侈的]manner.Incomparisonwiththesestudents,themajorityofthepost-80and-90studentscanfitintoanidealmodelofcollegestudents.Someabsorb[vt.吸收;使專心]themselvesinthelibraryalldaylong.Sometakepart-timejobsintheirsparetimetopayfortuition[n.教學,講授;學費]fees.Somevoluntarily[(voluntary):a.自愿的,志愿的]gototheremote[a.相隔很遠的;冷淡的]areastoteachpoverty-stricken[adj.貧困的]students.Iwaswonderingwhythemedia[n.新聞媒體]donotprovidemorereportsofthosepositiveaspectsofthepost-80and-90generationcollegestudents.Onallaccounts,thenegativeimageisimposedbythoseestablishedoldergenerations,andcannotrepresentallthecollegestudents.Asamemberofthepost80and90collegestudents,Ibelievethatwewillstillbethebackbone[n.脊椎,志氣,骨干,支柱;主干]ofoursocietyinthefuture.Topic9ShouldPublic[adj.公共的,公眾的]Announcement[n.宣布,宣告]ofDisciplinary[a.訓練的,規(guī)律的,訓誡的]Measures[(measure):vt.量,測量n.分量]BeAbolished[(abolish):vt.廢止,革除,取消]?Intherecent,itisreportedthatstudentscommitsuicides[(suicide):n.自殺]afterschoolauthoritiesmakepublicannouncementofdisciplinarymeasuresagainstthoseculprits[(culprit):n.犯人,罪犯,刑事被告]’violating[(violate):v.違反,違背]certainschoolregulations[(regulation):n.規(guī)則,規(guī)章;管理].Oftentimes[ad.時常地],thoseculprits’parentswouldsueschoolsforcompensations[(compensation):n.賠償].Nomatterhowmuchmoneytheyarecompensated[(compensate):v.補償,賠償],itcannotchangethefactthatthedeadstudentsarenottoregenerate[adj.改過自新的,新生的].Someeducationalists[(educationalist):教育家,教育學者]hencesuggestthatpublicannouncementofdisciplinarymeasuresbeabolished.Theyarguethatstudentsarefragile[a.易損壞的,易受傷害的]inpsychology[n.心理學]fortheyaretheonlychildrenandusuallygettoomuchprotectionfromfamilies.Butshouldtheygetawaywithpunishments?Idonotthinkso.Firstly,asstudentshavealreadyborneintheirmindtheconsequencesthatiftheybreakcertainschoolregulations,theymusttaketheresponsibility.Theyshouldacceptanyduepunishments.Idonotbelievethatthosestudentshavenoideaofwhatthoseregulationsareoranypreviousregulation[n.規(guī)則,規(guī)章;管理]enforcements[(enforcement):n.實施,執(zhí)行].Generallyspeaking,theyarerepeatedlytoldnottobreach[v.毀壞,泄密n.缺口]schoolnorms[(norm):n.標準,準則]andregulationsbytheirheadteachersandparents.Beforestudentssitcertainexams,theywillberemindedagainofdisposing[(dispose):vi.去掉,丟掉;銷毀]ofanymaterialrelevant[adj.有關的]toexaminations.Theywillalsobeinformedwhatconsequencestheyaretobeariftheydon’tconform[v.一致,符合,相似]totheregulations.Therefore,iftheystillintendtobreaknormsandregulations,theymustacceptanyformsofpunishmentwithoutcomplaints.Otherwise,normsandregulationswouldhavenobonding[(bond):n.債券]eff