2023年天津?qū)幒涌h豐臺中學高二英語上學期期末試卷含解析

2023年天津?qū)幒涌h豐臺中學高二英語上學期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.

Notuntil_____more,_____abletoimprovethesituation.A.doweknow,wewillbe

B.weknow;willwebeC.doweknow;willwebe

D.weknow;wewillbe參考答案：B2.Therewasa_______streamofvisitorstothehouse.A.constant

B.contentC.concrete

D.conservative參考答案：A【詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：來訪者源源不斷地參觀這所房子。constant不斷的，持續(xù)的；content滿足的，愿意的，心甘情愿的；concrete具體的，有形的，conservative保守的。aconstant

streamof…意為“源源不斷的”，即人群不斷的來看房子。分析選項可知A符合題意，故選A項。3.

Ididn’tknowanybodyattheparty,Ihadanicetime. A．Asif

B.Eventhough C．Aslongas

D．Because參考答案：B4.—Thereisaholeinyourbag?—Iknow.I'mgoingtohaveit__________.A.mend

B.mending

C.mended

D.tobemended參考答案：C略5.Ittook_____buildingsuppliestoconstruct(建)theseenergy-savinghouses.Ittookbrains,too.A.otherthan

B.Ratherthan

C.Lessthan

D.morethan.參考答案：D6.Mymoneyis____,soIhavetocallmyparentssayingthatIammissingthem.A.runout

B.usingup

C.runningout

D.runningoutof參考答案：C7.---Howcouldyoutake______possessionoftheoldvaluablehouse?--Itusedtobein________possessionofmyuncle.Heleftittomeinhiswill.A./;the

B.the;/

C./;/

D.the;the參考答案：A考查冠詞的用法?！闶窃鯓訐碛羞@所古老寶貴的房子的？——它過去屬于我叔叔。依照的他的遺愿留給了我。take

possession

of“擁有”為固定短語；in

the

possession

of“屬于”。根據(jù)語境可知，選A。8.—Let’scarryouttheplan.—________Wehadbetterconsideritcarefully.A．Ireallycan’tagreewithyou.B．Agoodidea.C．Goahead.D．Whydon’t?參考答案：A由應答語中的“Wehadbetterconsideritcarefully.”可知此處是表示不同意對方的觀點，A項符合語境。9.Youmayfeel_____surprisingthatsuchalittlegirlinthissmalltowncanspeakthreeforeignlanguagesfluently.A.that

B.so

C.it

D.what參考答案：C10.

Intherushhour,hiring________taxiforyoutodowhatyouareeagertodomaybe________betterchoiceinourcity.

A.the;the

B.a;the

C.a;a

D./;a參考答案：C11.---Soyougaveheryourphone?----

,shesaidshewouldreturnittomewhenshecouldaffordone.A.Mypleasure

B.Notexactly

C.Nodoubt

D.Allright參考答案：B12.Ihaven’tbeenaware

hisattitude

mypromation.A.of;towards

B.off;to

C.on;about

D.with;in參考答案：A略13.Sheglancedatmylegs.‘Althoughyoumightwanttowear...somethingabitless____________.’A.revealing B.temporaryC.complicated D.inadequate參考答案：A【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她看了看我的腿，“雖然你也許想穿……不那么暴露的衣服。”A.revealing暴露的；B.temporary臨時的；C.complicated復雜的；

D.inadequate不足的。分析句子可知，腿露在外面，說明穿的衣服暴露，less表達沒那么，這里“abitlessrevealing”指沒那么暴露。故選revealing14.Whentheteachercamein,thestudentspretended_______thetext.A.toread

B.tobereadingC.tohaveread

D.havingread參考答案：B15.The________lookonhisfacetoldusthattheboywas________ofwhathehadseen.A．terrified；terrifiedB．terrified；terrifyingC．terrifying；terrifiedD．terrifying；terrifying參考答案：9.【答案】A句意為：男孩臉上恐懼的表情告訴我們他害怕看到的一切。因“激動、吃驚、害怕”等呈現(xiàn)的面部表情，發(fā)出的聲音，應用過去分詞修飾，故第一個空用terrified；第二個空用terrified做表語，強調(diào)小男孩的狀態(tài)；beterrifiedof...“害怕……”，為固定搭配【解析】16.Theman____onthegroundsaidthathehad____hisbicyclebehindthebigtree.

A.lie;layB.

lying;layC.

lying;laidD.lay;laid參考答案：C二、翻譯17.這是我們的朋友經(jīng)常做出的解釋。（putforward）參考答案：

Itisanexplanationoftenputforwardbyourfriend三、閱讀理解18.Newresearchaboutmaleguppies,atropicalfishfoundinmostfreshandsaltwaterenvironmentspublishedinthejournalFunctionalEcologysuggeststhatmaleguppiesexposedtohighpredation(捕食行動)levelsoftendeveloplargerbrainsizesthanthoselivinginlow-riskenvironments.Consequently,thedevelopmentoflargerbrainsizesamongthemaleguppypopulationallowsforbetterchancesofsurvivalunderhighpredationconditions.TheteambeganitsresearchinthesouthernCaribbean.Theyconcentratedtheirobservationsonpopulationslocatedintwoindependentrivers.Ineach,theycollectedmaleguppieslivingaboveandbelowthewaterfalls.Asmallamountofpredatorslivedinthewatersabovethewaterfall,thereforethelocalguppypopulationhadevolved(進化)underpredation-poorconditionsintoapredation-poorpopulation.Ontheotherhand,belowthewaterfall,predatorswerefoundtobeincreasing,makingenvironmentdangerous.Scientistsnoticedthatmaleguppieslocatedabovethewaterfallsoftendisplayedonaveragesmallerbrainsizesthanmaleslivingunderthewaterfall.Thenextstepwastofindoutifmaleguppiesfromhigh-predationpopulationonlyhadlargerbrainsasaresultoflongevolutionaryprocessesoradirectresponsetoexposure(暴露)toriskduringdevelopment.Thisquestiontooktheteamawayfromthetropicsandbacktothelaboratory,takingasamplegroupofguppiesoriginatingfromhighpredationgroup.Theseweredividedintotwotestpopulations.Thefirstgroupwasexposedtothesightandsmellofapredatorlivinginanearbyaquariumforfiveminutesatatime,fivetimesaweek.Theotherguppiesservedasacontrolgroupandlivedinnon-predatoryplaces.Theresultsshowedthatmalesexposedtopredatorshave21percentheavierbrainsthanthoseofthecontrolgroup.Maleguppiesaregenerallymorecolor1fulthanfemalesandthusmorelikelytobeexposedtopredationthreats.Theincreaseinintellectcouldoffermalesadvantagessuchastheabilitytodetectandreacttodangerearlier,increasingtheirchancesofsurvival.8.Welearnfromthepassagethat________.A.smarterfishhavebetterchancesofsurvivalB.guppiescan’tsurviveinhighpredatorconditionsC.thesizeofguppieschangeswiththeenvironmentD.largerbrainsonlyresultfromlongevolutionaryprocess9.Thisnewresearchwasdonemainlyby________.A.listingfacts B.analyzingdataC.makingcomparisons D.explainingreasons10.Maleguppiesaremoreeasilyattackedthanfemalesbecauseoftheir________.A.appearance B.behaviorC.lifehistory D.livingenvironment11.Whichofthefollowingproverbsreflectsthefindingsoftheresearch?A.Painpastispleasure.B.Greathopesmakegreatman.C.Whilethereislife,thereishope.D.Stormsmaketreestakedeeperroots.參考答案：8.A

9.C

10.A

11.D本文為說明文。最新研究表明，暴露在高捕食行動下的雄性古比魚通常比生活在低風險環(huán)境中的雄性古比魚的大腦更大更聰明，他們有更好的生存機會。由此可見，環(huán)境愈惡劣，物種的生存能力越強。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后“Consequently,thedevelopmentoflargerbrainsizesamongthemaleguppypopulationallowsforbetterchancesofsurvivalunderhighpredationconditions.”及最后一段“Maleguppiesaregenerallymorecolor1fulthanfemalesandthusmorelikelytobeexposedtopredationthreats.Theincreaseinintellectcouldoffermalesadvantagessuchastheabilitytodetectandreacttodangerearlier,increasingtheirchancesofsurvival.”通過這兩部分的內(nèi)容可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在高捕食條件下，暴露在高捕