GRE作文能得幾分看開頭就知道

千里之行，始于第2頁/共2頁精品文檔推薦GRE作文能得幾分看開頭就知道GRE作文能得幾分看開頭就知道?這些開頭段寫法要點(diǎn)不行不看,快來看看吧,下面我就和大家共享，來觀賞一下吧。

GRE作文能得幾分看開頭就知道?這些開頭段寫法要點(diǎn)不行不看

開門見山是開頭段寫法核心思路

開頭段的長度是考生首先要考慮好的一點(diǎn)。對于一篇GRE文章來說，開頭段應(yīng)留意開門見山簡潔扼要，通過短短幾句話把觀點(diǎn)表達(dá)清晰即可，一般建議以三句話為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。過長的開頭段會給人頭重腳輕的感覺，從而導(dǎo)致文章整體失衡，是GRE寫作的大忌。有些考生過度強(qiáng)調(diào)開頭段的寫作，搜腸刮肚地把好詞妙句堆砌到開頭部分，其實這么做反而是大忌，很簡單引起考官的反感導(dǎo)致意外扣分。

高分開頭段從引用原文入手

這是許多考生都簡單忽視的一點(diǎn)。開頭段的第一句話，要先引用作文題目的內(nèi)容，通過引用自然過渡到論述當(dāng)中。沒頭沒腦的直接開頭論述，會讓人產(chǎn)生突兀的感覺，對于一篇以論述為主的文章來說是非常不利的。有些同學(xué)甚至老師生怕文章字?jǐn)?shù)不夠，在開頭的引用部分對原文題目進(jìn)行大量的PARAPHRASE改寫，想要多湊字?jǐn)?shù)，這種投機(jī)取巧的方法一眼就會被考官發(fā)覺，反而會讓開頭變得累贅，模糊掉考生自己的觀點(diǎn)，也是常常造成扣分的緣由之一。

ISSUE和ARGUMENT開頭段寫法有區(qū)分

GRE作文ISSUE的開頭段不必多說，直接闡明觀點(diǎn)就好。而駁論文ARGUMENT的開頭段，考生則需要做好兩件事。一是簡要說明論述的觀點(diǎn)，二是指出觀點(diǎn)的漏洞。只要做到這兩點(diǎn)，開頭段的作用就達(dá)到了。需要留意的是，在簡要說明觀點(diǎn)時，不要原句照抄題目中的觀點(diǎn)，適當(dāng)變換一下表達(dá)方法是必要措施。另外，不要在開頭段中詳細(xì)綻開觀點(diǎn)的漏洞，簡潔點(diǎn)出問題在哪里即可。把具體綻開部分留到正文當(dāng)中。

GRE作文AW優(yōu)秀開頭段共享

由于開頭段需要簡潔，因此適當(dāng)套用一些常用句式模式是不錯的做法?？忌梢蕴崆白鲆恍┠０宓念A(yù)備，盡量使用自己的語言來進(jìn)行敘述和整理，在寫開頭段時直接套用即可。下面是一些常用的開頭段句式：

“Thisplanislikelytofailduetoflawsinthereasoningandlogicoftheeditorial.”

“Thisremedyisunlikelytobesuccessfulduetoflawsinreasoning.”

“Thisargumentcontainssomeegregiousflawsinreasoningmakingtheconclusiondoubtful.”

“Thesuccessofthisrecommendationisdoubtfulconsideringthelogicalflawsandfaultyassumptionsonwhichitisbased.”

總而言之，開頭段的好壞關(guān)于整篇文章給考官留下的第一印象，就好比面試時著裝是否得體一樣，這種印象將在很大程度上影響考官之后的推斷和打分，因此我盼望大家重視GRE作文開頭段的寫作，爭取寫出能夠第一時間制服考官的優(yōu)秀開頭段。

GRE寫作中，Argument開頭如何寫好?

1.首句開門見山指出文章規(guī)律錯誤。

可以先通過一個小小的讓步，指出文章的論證有其道理(這里可以高度概括一下文章規(guī)律論證思路和方法bycomparison…with…)relatively/appearto/seemto/wellpresented/afterall(留意這里不要summerytheargument,要immediatelyengagetheargument!)，然后筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn)however/while指出文章規(guī)律是有問題的。

2.簡潔概括文章的規(guī)律錯誤，用高度凝練的語言提示下文論證思路。

這里又分為好幾種方法：

a.用first/inaddition/also等清楚地列出文章規(guī)律錯誤和下文反對要點(diǎn)。

b.指出施行題目中建議的后果。

c.只提示下一段的論證，承接下一段(不推舉)。

d.用列舉他因的方式提示下文論證要點(diǎn)。

以官方范文為例

Argumenttest1:SpeedLimitsinForestville.

Discusshowwellreasonedyoufindthisargument.

“SixmonthsagotheregionofForestvilleincreasedthespeedlimitforvehiclestravelingontheregionshighwaysbytenmilesperhour.Sincethatchangetookeffect,thenumberofautomobileaccidentsinthatregionhasincreasedby15percent.ButthespeedlimitinElmsford,aregionneighboringForestville,remainedunchanged,andautomobileaccidentsdeclinedslightlyduringthesamesix-monthperiod.Therefore,ifthecitizensofForestvillewanttoreducethenumberofautomobileaccidentsontheregionshighways,theyshouldcampaigntoreduceForestvillesspeedlimittowhatitwasbeforetheincrease.”

ModelsfromPracticeBook

6分：

Theagrumentiswell-presented,butnotthoroughlywell-reasoned.BymakingacomparisonoftheregionofForestville,thetownwiththehigherspeedlimitandthereforeautomobileaccidents,withtheregionofElmsford,anareaofalowerspeedlimitandsubsequentlyfeweraccidents,theargumentforreducingForestvillesspeedlimitsinordertodecreaseaccidentsseemslogical.

However,

這篇開頭一開頭就直截了當(dāng)指出這篇argument是notwellreasoned,然后高度概括了題目中的要點(diǎn)和題目的觀點(diǎn)，下文反對的第一段就用however承接，規(guī)律連貫，是大家比較喜愛的argument開頭。

Argumenttest2:ScottWoods

Thefollowingappearedasalettertotheeditorofalocalnewspaper.

Fiveyearsago,weresidentsofMorgantonvotedtokeepthepubliclyownedpieceoflandknownasScottWoodsinanatural,undevelopedstate.Ourthinkingwasthat,ifnoshoppingcentersorhouseswerebuiltthere,ScottWoodswouldcontinuetobenefitourcommunityasanaturalparkland.Butnowthatourtownplanningcommitteewantstopurchasethelandandbuildaschoolthere,weshouldreconsiderthisissue.Ifthelandbecomesaschoolsite,noshoppingcentersorhousescanbebuiltthere,andsubstantialacreagewouldprobablybedevotedtoathleticfields.Therewouldbenobetteruseoflandinourcommunitythanthis,sincealargemajorityofourchildrenparticipateinsports,andScottWoodswouldcontinuetobenefitourcommunityasnaturalparkland.

ThislettertotheeditorbeginsbystatingthereasonstheresidentsofMorgantonvotedtokeepScottWoodsinanundevelopedstate.Theletterstatesthattheentirecommunitycouldbenefitfromanundevelopedparkland.Theresidentsofthetownwantedtoensurethatnoshoppingcentersorhouseswouldbebuiltthere.This,inturn,wouldprovideeveryoneinthecommunitywithavaluableresource,anaturalpark.

Theletterthencontinuesbyaddressingtheissueofbuildingaschoolontheland.Theauthorreasonsthatthiswouldalsobenefittheentirecommunityasanaturalparklandsincemuchofthelandwouldbedevotedtoathleticfields.Theauthorofthelettercomestotheconclusionthatbuildingaschoolonthelandwouldbethebestthingforeveryoneinthecommunity.

Thisletterisaone-sidedargumentaboutthebestuseofthelandknownasScottWoods.Theauthormaybeaparentwhosechildwouldbenefitfromanewschool,ateacherwhothinksaschoolwouldboostthecommunity,orjustaresidentofMorganton.Regardlessofwhotheauthoris,therearemanyaspectsofthisplanthatheorshehasoverlookedorchosentoignore.

這篇文章的開頭實在是太長了，個人不建議寫這樣的開頭，前兩段全部是對題目的改寫，第三段還用了兩行去猜這個argument的身份，究竟我們只有30min去寫一篇argument,我認(rèn)為開頭還是開門見山，簡潔明白地表明文章觀點(diǎn)比較好，把重點(diǎn)放在后面的論證部分。

我們可以看到commentary對這種開頭也并不看好!

COMMENTARY

Thisoutstandingresponsebeginssomewhathesitantly;theopeningparagraphssummarizebutdonotimmediatelyengagetheargument.(留意，這句話的意思是，rater盼望看到的是immediatelyengagetheargument的文章，而不是summarizetheargument!)However,thesubsequentparagraphstargetthecentralflawsintheargumentandanalyzetheminalmostmicroscopicdetail.

Argumenttest3:SmileBright

Discusshowwellreasonedyoufindthisargument.

ArecentsurveyofdentalpatientsshowedthatpeoplewhouseSmile-Brighttoothpastearemostlikelytohavecappedteeth--artificialbutnatural-lookingprotectivecoveringsplacedbydentistsonindividualteeth.ThosepeoplewhohadbegunusingSmile-BrighttoothpasteearlyinlifeweremorelikelytohavecappedteeththanwerepeoplewhohadbegunusingSmile-Brightlaterinlife.Inaddition,thosewhoreportedbrushingtheirteethmorethantwiceadaywithSmile-BrighttoothpasteweremorelikelytohavecapsontheirteeththanwerethosewhoreportedbrushingwithSmile-Brightlessfrequently.Therefore,peoplewishingtoavoidhavingtheirteethcappedshouldnotuseSmile-Brighttoothpaste.

Theargumentcontainsseveralfacetsthatarequestionable.First,thereliabilityandgeneralizabilityofthesurveyareopentoquesiton.Inaddition,theargumentassumesacorrelationamountstoacausalrelationship.Theargumentalsofailstoexaminealternativeexplanations.Iwilldiscusseachofthesefacetsinturn.

這篇開頭特別清楚地直接指出了文章的三個規(guī)律錯誤，既高度概括了題目的規(guī)律錯誤點(diǎn)，又提示了下文的規(guī)律論證挨次和內(nèi)容，使人一目了然，可以學(xué)習(xí)這種方式。

Argumenttest4:RollerSkating

Discusshowwellreasonedyoufindthisargument.

Hospitalstatisticsregardingpeoplewhogototheemergencyroomafterrollerskatingaccidentsindicatetheneedformoreprotectiveequipment.Withinthisgroupofpeople,75percentofthosewhohadaccidentsinstreetsorparkinglotswerenotwearinganyprotectiveclothing(helmets,kneepads,etc.)oranylight-reflectingmaterial(clip-onlights,glow-in-the-darkwristpads,etc.).Clearly,thesestatisticsindicatethatbyinvestinginhigh-qualityprotectivegearandreflectiveequipment,rollerskaterswillgreatlyreducetheirriskofbeingseverelyinjuredinanaccident.

Benchmark6

Thenotionthatprotectivegearreducestheinjuriessufferedinaccidentsseemsatfirstglancetobeanobviousconclusion.Afterall,(先來一個小讓步)itistheintentoftheseproductstoeitherpreventaccidentsfromoccuringinthefirstplaceortoreducetheinjuriessufferedbythewearershouldanaccidentoccur.However,theconclusionthatinvestinginhighqualityprotectivegeargreatlyreducestheriskofbeingseverelyinjuredinanaccidentmaymaskother(andpotentiallymoresignificant)causesofinjuriesandmayinspirepeopletooverinvestfinanciallyandpsychologicallyinprotectivegear.(指出了施行題目中建議的后果)

這篇開頭先高度概括題目中的結(jié)論，然后以afterall引出一個小讓步，再用However指出假如實施這個建議會帶來什么后果，高度概括這個conclusion存在的兩個問題：忽視他因和人們的錯誤投資，為下文的論證做鋪墊。

Argumenttest5:UniversityofClaria

Discusshowwellreasonedyoufindthisargument.

TheUniversityofClariaisgenerallyconsideredoneofthebestuniversitiesintheworldbecauseofitsinstructorsreputation,whichisbasedprimarilyontheextensiveresearchandpublishingrecordofcertainfacultymembers.Inaddition,severalfacultymembersareinternationallyrenownedasleadersintheirfields.Forexample,manyofthefacultyfromtheEnglishdepartmentareregularlyinvitedtoteachatuniversitiesinothercountries.Furthermore,tworecentgraduatesofthephysicsdepartmenthavegoneontobecomecandidatesfortheNobelPrizeinPhysics.And75percentofthestudentsareabletofindemploymentaftergraduating.Therefore,becauseofthereputationofitsfaculty,theUniversityofClariashouldbetheobviouschoiceforanyoneseekingaqualityeducation.

SAMPLE-1(score6)

WhiletheUniversityofClariaappearstohaveanexcellentreputationbasedontheaccomplishmentsandreputationsofitsfaculty,onewouldalsowishtoconsiderotherissuesbeforedecidinguponthisparticularinstitutionforundergraduateorgraduatetraining.(開門見山對題目中的建議提出質(zhì)疑，通過先讓步再轉(zhuǎn)折的方法，先高度概括題目大意，再指出自己的觀點(diǎn)。)ThePhysicsandEnglishdepartmentsareinternationallyknown,buttheseareonlytwooftheareasinwhichonemightstudy.Otherdepartmentsarenotlisted;isthisbecausenoothersareworthmentioning,orbecausenootherdepartmentsbotheredtoturnintheiraccomplishmentsandkudostothepublicityoffice?(直接開頭引出第一個TS)

這篇開頭也是開門見山對題目中的建議進(jìn)行質(zhì)疑，并引出第一個反對的分論點(diǎn)，下文緊接著這一段的末句綻開論證，個人比較喜愛第一句，對其次句不是很有愛，最好能提示全文，不要只提示下一段吧。

Argumenttest6:SilverScreenMovies

Discusshowwellreasonedyoufindthisargument.

ThefollowingistakenfromamemofromtheadvertisingdirectoroftheSilverScreenMovieProductionCompany.

Accordingtoarecentreportfromourmarketingdepartment,fewerpeopleattendedmoviesproducedbySilverScreenduringthepastyearthaninanyotheryear.AndyetthepercentageofgenerallyfavorablecommentsbymoviereviewersaboutspecificSilverScreenmoviesactuallyincreasedduringthisperiod.Clearly,thecontentsofthesereviewsarenotreachingenoughofourprospectiveviewers;sotheproblemliesnotwiththequalityofourmoviesbutwiththepublicslackofawarenessthatmoviesofgoodqualityareavailable.SilverScreenshouldthereforespendmoreofitsbudgetnextyearonreachingthepublicthroughadvertisingandlessonproducingnewmovies.

SAMPLE-1(score6)

Theargumentpresentedaboveisrelativelysound,however,theauthorfailstorecognizealltheelementsnecessarytoevaluatehissituation.Theideathatmoremoneybeinvestedinadvertisingmaybeahelpfulone,butperhapsnotbecausepeopleareunawareofthecurrentreviews.Toclarify,itmaybenecessarytoadvertisemoreinordertoincreasesales,howeverthatcouldbeduetomanycircumstancessuchasadecreaseinthepublicsoverallattendance,anincreaseinthecostofmovies,oralackoftrustintheopinionsofthereviewers.

這篇范文感覺跟大部分人寫的文章結(jié)構(gòu)很相近，大家朝著這個方向努力可能相對簡單些。開頭還是先開門見山指出題目是有問題的，然后簡潔指出題目的問題出在忽視了其他可能的緣由，然后再用簡潔的語言分別概括了三個他因。

GRE寫作開頭和結(jié)尾經(jīng)典句型

開頭

1.Thearguermayberightabout…,butheseemstoneglect(fail)tomention(takeintoaccount)thefactthat….

2.Althoughmanypeoplebelievethat…,Idoubt(wonder)whethertheargumentbearsmuchanalysis(closeexamination).

3.Itwouldbepossible(natural/reasonable)tothink(believe/taketheview)that…,butitwouldbeabsurd(wrong)toclaim(argue)that…

結(jié)尾

1.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove(Takingintoaccountallthesefactors/Judgingfromallevidenceoffered),wemaydraw(reach/cometo/arriveat)theconclusionthat…

2.Itishightimethatwepla