2012年全國高考英語試卷及詳解(全國2卷)word版

2012年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試及詳解

（英語全國卷2)第Ⅰ卷

第一部分英語知識運用(滿分50分)

第一節(jié)語音知識(共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)

從A、B、C、D四個選項中，找出其劃線部分與所給單詞的劃線部分讀音相同的選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。例：haveA．gaveB．saveC．hatD．made

答案是C。

⒈theaterA．treasureB．wheatC．seasonD．realize

⒉persuadeA．usualB．insistC．sugarD．treasure

⒊companyA．a(chǎn)loneB．carrotC．moneyD．knock

⒋oppositeA．serviceB．outsideC．pioneerD．police

⒌societyA．officialB．recentC．chocolateD．difficult

第二節(jié)語法和詞匯知識(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)

從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild___heorshewants.

A．howeverB．whateverC．whicheverD．whenever

答案是B。

⒍–Whatshallwedotonightthen?

–___–whateveryouwant.

A．HelpyourselfB．It'sadealC．NoproblemD．It'suptoyou

⒎Hemissed___goldinthehighjump,butwillget___secondchanceinthelongjump.

A．the;theB．不填;aC．the;aD．a(chǎn);不填

⒏Thatevening,___Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.

A．thatB．whichC．whatD．when

⒐Sarahmade___totheairportjustintimetocatchherplanethismorning.

A．herselfB．thisC．thatD．it

⒑Tonylentmethemoney,___thatI'ddoasmuchforhim.

A．hopingB．tohopeC．hopedD．havinghoped

⒒Ihadhardlygottotheoffice___mywifephonemetogobackhomeatonce.

A．whenB．thanC．untilD．a(chǎn)fter

⒓We___topaintthewholehousebutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday.

A．setaboutB．setupC．setoutD．setdown

⒔Nexttobiology,Ilikephysics___.

A．betterB．bestC．thebetterD．verywell

⒕–DidyouaskSophiaforhelp?

–I___needto–Imanagedperfectlywellonmyown.

A．wouldn'tB．don'tC．didn'tD．won't

⒖Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happy___anythingthathappenedtobeon.

A．towatchB．watchingC．watchedD．tohavewatched

⒗100℃isthetemperature___whichwaterwillboil.

A．forB．a(chǎn)tC．onD．of

⒘I'mgoingtoEuropeonvacationtogetherwithJohnifI___findthemoney.

A．canB．mightC．wouldD．need

⒙Themanager___theworkershowtoimprovetheprogramsince9a.m.

A．hastoldB．istellingC．hasbeentellingD．willhavetold

⒚TheHarryPotterbooksarequitepopular;theyareingreat___inthiscity.

A．qualityB．progressC．productionD．demand

⒛–Trynottoworkyourselftoohard．Takeiteasy.

–Thanks．___

A．Sowhat?B．Noway.C．Whatfor?D．You,too

第三節(jié)完形填空(每小題1．5分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

AroundtwentyyearsagoIwaslivinginYork．21IhadalotofexperienceandaMaster'sdegree,Icouldnotfind22work.

Iwas23aschoolbustomakeendsmeetand24withafriendofmine,forIhadlostmyflat．Ihad25fiveinterviews(面試)withacompanyandonedaybetweenbusrunstheycalledtosayIdidnot26thejob．“Whyhasmylifebecomeso27?”Ithoughtpainfully.

AsIpulledthebusoverto28alittlegirl,shehandedmeanearning29Ishouldkeepit30somebodyclaimed(認領(lǐng))it．Theearringwaspaintedblackandsaid“BEHAPPY”.

AtfirstIgotangry．Thenit31me–Ihadbeengivingallofmy32towhatwasgoingwrongwithmy33ratherthanwhatwasright!Idecidedthenandtheretomakea34offiftythingsIwashappywith．Later,Idecidedto35morethingstothelist．Thatnighttherewasaphonecallfor36fromaladywhowasadirectoratalarger37．SheaskedmeifIwould38aone-daylectureonstress(壓力)managementto200medicalworkers．Isaidyes.

My39therewentverywell,andbeforelongIgotawell-paidjob．TothisdayIknowthatitwasbecauseIchangedmywayof40thatIcompletelychangedmylife.

21．A．AsB．ThoughC．IfD．When

22．A．successfulB．extraC．satisfyingD．convenient

23．A．drivingB．repairingC．takingD．designing

24．A．workingB．travellingC．discussingD．living

25．A．preparedforB．a(chǎn)ttendedC．a(chǎn)skedforD．held

26．A．loseB．likeC．findD．get

atstrangersinpublictobeunusualandevenimproper．YetmanyAmericanssmilefreelyatstrangersinpublicplaces(althoughthisislesscommoninbigcities)．SomeRussiansbelievethatAmericanssmileinthewrongplaces;someAmericansbelievethatRussiansdon'tsmileenough．InSoutheastAsianculture,asmileisfrequentlyusedtocoverpainfulfeelings．Vietnamesepeoplemaytellasadstorybutendthestorywithasmile.

Ourfacesshowemotions(情感),butweshouldnotattemptto“read”peoplefromanothercultureaswewould“read”someonefromourownculture．Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasdomembersofanotherdoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperienceemotions．Rather,thereareculturaldifferencesintheamountoffacialexpressionspermitted．Forexample,inpublicandinformalsituationsmanyJapanesedonotshowtheiremotionsasfreelyasAmericansdo．Whenwithfriends,JapaneseandAmericansseemtoshowtheiremotionssimilarly.

ItisdifficulttogeneralizeaboutAmericansandfacialexpressivenessbecauseofpersonalandculturaldifferencesintheUnitedStates．PeoplefromcertainculturalbackgroundsintheUnitedStatesseemtobemorefaciallyexpressivethanothers．Thekeyistotrynottojudgepeoplewhosewaysofshowingemotionaredifferent．Ifwejudgeaccordingtoourownculturalhabits,wemaymakethemistakeof“reading”theotherpersonincorrectly.

49．WhatdoesthesmileusuallymeanintheU.S.?

A．Love.B．Politeness.C．Joy.D．Thankfulness.

50．TheauthormentionsthesmileoftheVietnamesetoprovethatsmilecan___.

A．showfriendlinesstostrangersB．beusedtohidetruefeelings

C．beusedinthewrongplacesD．showpersonalhabits

51．Whatshouldwedobeforeattemptingto“read”people?

A．Learnabouttheirrelationswithothers.B．Understandtheirculturalbackgrounds.

C．Findoutabouttheirpastexperience.D．Figureoutwhattheywilldonext.

52．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetest?

A．CulturalDifferencesB．SmilesandRelationshipC．FacialExpressivenessD．HabitsandEmotions(D)

ADDISABABA,Ethiopia–Oneoftheworld'smostfamousfossils(化石)–the3.2million-year-oldLucyskeleton(骨骼)unearthedinEthiopiain1974–willgoonanexhibitiontourabroadforthefirsttimeintheUnitedStates,officialssaidTuesday.

EventheEthiopianpublichasonlyseenLucytwice．TheLucyonexhibitionattheEthiopianNationalMuseuminthecapital,AddisAbaba,isareplicawhiletherealremainsareusuallylockedinasecretstoreroom．AteamfromtheMuseumofNationalScienceinHouston,Texas,spentfouryearsdiscussingwiththeEthiopiansfortheU.S．tour,whichwillstartinHoustonnextSeptember.

“Ethiopia'srichcultureofboththepastandtoday,isoneofthebestkeptsecretsintheworld,”saidJoelBartsch,directoroftheHoustonmuseum.

Thesix-yeartourwillalsogotoWashington,NewYork,DenverandChicago．OfficialssaidsixotherU.S．citiesmaybeonthetour．Buttheysaidplanshadnotbeenworkedout.

TravellingwithLucywillbe190otherfossils.

Lucy,hernametakenfromaBeatlessongthatplayedinacampthenightofherdiscovery,ispartoftheskeletonofwhatwasoncea312-foot-tallape-man(猿人).

53．Theauthorwritesthistextmainlyto___.

A．introduceafewU.S．museumsB．describesomeresearchwork

C．discussthevalueofanape-manD．reportacomingevent

54．Whatdoesthewords“areplica”inParagraph2referto?

A．Apaintingoftheskeleton.B．AphotographofLucy

C．Acopyoftheskeleton.D．AwrittenrecordofLucy.

55．HowmanycitieshasLucy'sU.S．tourplanalreadyincluded?

A．Four.B．Five.C．Six.D．Eleven.

56．Whatwastheskeletonnamedafter?

A．Anape-man.B．Asong.C．Asinger.D．Acamp.

(E)

MakeUpYourMindtoSucceed

Kind-heartedparentshaveunknowinglylefttheirchildrendefenselessagainstfailure．Thegenerationbornbetween1980and2001grewupplayingsportswherescoresandperformancewereplayeddownbecause“everyone'swinter.”Andtheirreportcardssoundedmorepositive(正面的)thaneverbefore．Asaresult,StanfordUniversityprofessorCarolDweck,PhD,callsthem“theoverpraisedgeneration.”

Dweckhasbeenstudyinghowpeopledealwithfailurefor40years．Herresearchhasledhertofindouttwoclearlydifferentmind-setsthathaveagreateffectonhowwereacttoit．Here'showtheywork:

Afixedmind-setisgroundedinthebeliefthattalent(才能)isgenetic–you'reabornartist,pointguard,ornumbersperson．Thefixedmind-setbelievesit'ssuretosucceedwithoutmucheffortandregardsfailureaspersonalshame．Whenthingsgetdifficult,it'squicktoblame,lie,andevenstayawayfromfuturedifficulties.

Ontheotherhand,agrowthmind-setbelievesthatnotalentisentirelyheaven-sentandthateffortandlearningmakeeverythingpossible．Becausetheego(自尊)isn'tonthelineasmuch,thegrowthmind-setseesfailureasachanceratherthanshame．Whenfacedwithadifficulty,it'squicktorethink,changeandtryagain．Infact,itenjoysthisexperience.

Weareallbornwithgrowthmind-sets．(Otherwise,wewouldn'tbeabletoliveintheworld.)Butparents,teachers,andinstructorsoftenpushusintofixedmind-setsbyencouragingcertainactionsandmisdirectingpraise．Dweck'sbook,Mind-set:TheNewPsychologyofSuccess,andonlineinstructionalprogramexplainthisindepth．Butshesaystherearemanylittlethingsyoucanstartdoingtodaytomakesurethatyourchildren,grandchildrenandevenyouareneverdefeatedbyfailure.

57．Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthepresentgeneration?

A．Theydon'tdowellatschool.B．Theyareoftenmisunderstood.

C．Theyareeagertowininsports.D．Theyaregiventoomuchpraise.

58．Afixedmind-setpersonisprobablyonewho___.

A．doesn'twanttoworkhardB．caresalotaboutpersonalsafety

C．cannotsharehisideaswithothersD．cansucceedwiththehelpofteachers

59．Whatdoesthegrowthmind-setbelieve?

A．Admittingfailureisshameful.B．Talentcomeswithone'sbirth.

C．Scoresshouldbehighlyvalued.D．Gettingoverdifficultiesisenjoyable.

60．WhatshouldparentsdofortheirchildrenbasedonDweck'sstudy?

A．Encouragethemtolearnfromfailures.B．Preventthemfrommakingmistakes.C．Guidethemindoinglittlethings.D．Helpthemgrowwithpraise.

第二節(jié)根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從對話后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(每小題1分)

Daughter：Dad．Youloveme,don'tyou?

Father：Ofcourse,Ido．61

Daughter：Well,Isawthisgreatofferforafreephonehereinthenewspaper,and…

Father：62

Daughter：Well,thephoneisfree…afterthe＄50Ipayisreturnedtome.

Father：Ah,sothat'sthecatch．63

Daughter：Dad．Allmyfriendshaveone.

Father：Ah,Idon'tknow．64

Daughter：Butthemonthlychargeforthisserviceisonly＄29.99,with1,000freeweekdayminutesnationwide,andunlimitedweekendminutes.

Father：Idon'tknow.

Daughter：PleaseDad．Withthenewphoneyouwon'thavetoworryaboutmewhileI'mdrivingthenewcar.

Father：65

Daughter：Thenewcaryou'llneedtobuysoIcanusethephone.

A．Ah…what'sonyourmind?B．Newcar?Whatnewcar?

C．Free?Nothing'severfree.D．Whatdidyoudotothenewcar?

E．Andwhyonearthdoyouneedaphone?F．Theyalwayschargealotfortheservice.

G．Butwhatisthetermoftheserviceagreement?第II卷

第三部分寫作(共三節(jié)，滿分55分)

第一節(jié)單詞拼寫(每小題1分)

根據(jù)下列句子及所給漢語注釋，在答題卡相應題號的橫線上寫出空缺處各單詞的正確形式(每空只寫一詞)。

66．Doyouspeakany__________(外國)languages?

67．Rebeccawasthe__________(驕傲)ofherfamily.

68．Willyoustop__________(打斷)mewhenI'mtalking?

69．DavidBeckham's__________(國籍)isBritish.

70．The__________(現(xiàn)代)historyofItalydatesfrom1860.

71．Bob's__________(侄子)isafreshmanatHarvardUniversity.

72．AlicewantedtoborrowJack'scomputer,buthe__________(拒絕).

73．Her__________(書架)arefilledwithbooksandphotos.

74．Whatareyougirls__________(耳語)about?

75．Don't__________(咳嗽)morethanyoucanhelp.

第二節(jié)短文改錯(每小題1．5分)

此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。先對標有題號的每一行作出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾（√）；如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正：

該行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。

該行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。

該行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。

注意：⒈原行沒有錯的不要改；

⒉答案必須寫在答題卡相應的位置上。

DearEditor,

I'mwritingtotellyouopinionaboutwatersaving.76.______

Waterisimportant．We,aswellasanimal,cannotlive77.______

withoutwaterandneitheragricultureorindustrycango78.______

withoutit．Yetitseemedwaterisbecominglessandless.79.______

Manycountriesintheworldfindwedon'thaveenoughwater.80.______

Todealwithaproblem,Ithink,weshouldfirstgoall81.______

outtoplanttreesthoughtreeswillhelpsavewater．Next,no82.______

drinkingwatershouldbeleftrunning．Third,weshouldfind83.______

waystoreusethewaterusinginwashing,especiallybath84.______

waterforwhichisquitealot,andthatwillsavemuchwater.85.______

Sincerely,

LiHua

第三節(jié)書面表達(30分)

假定你是李華。你班同學決定為小明舉辦生日聚會。請你寫信邀請外教Susan參加，要點包括：

⒈時間：周五晚8點至9點⒉地點：學生俱樂部⒊內(nèi)容：生日歌、蛋糕、游戲等⒋要求：備小禮物。注意：⒈詞數(shù)100左右，開頭語已為你寫好；⒉可以適當增加細節(jié)，以便行文連貫；⒊答案必須寫在答題卡相應的位置上。

Hi,Susan,

We'rethrowingasurprisepartyforXiaoming'sbirthday．參考答案

第一部分第一節(jié)1~5DBCAB第二節(jié)6~10DCBDA11~15ACBCA16~20BACDD第三節(jié)21~25BCADB26~30DABCA31~35BBDAD36~40CACCD

第二部分第一節(jié)41~45DAABC46~50CDACB51~55BCDCB56~60BDADA第二節(jié)61~65ACE