不同氮肥配施對冷季型草坪草質(zhì)量及土壤硝態(tài)氮積累的影響

不同氮肥配施對冷季型草坪草質(zhì)量及土壤硝態(tài)氮積累的影響摘要：

本研究探究了不同氮肥配施對冷季型草坪草質(zhì)量及土壤硝態(tài)氮積累的影響。研究選取常用草坪氮肥配施方式為控制組，設(shè)置4種不同氮肥配施處理組，分別為相同用量的尿素肥（U）組、尿素肥和銨態(tài)氮肥（UAN）1:1配施組（M1）、尿素肥和硝酸銨肥（UAN）1:2配施組（M2）、尿素肥和硝酸銨肥（UAN）1:3配施組（M3），測定草坪草的根、莖和葉組織質(zhì)量以及土壤硝態(tài)氮含量。

結(jié)果表明，在相同用量下，UAN與尿素肥配施（M1-M3）對草坪草生長的影響與傳統(tǒng)的單一尿素肥比較，沒有顯著差異。盡管在M2組和M3組中雖然硝酸銨肥的控制程度較高，但是草坪草質(zhì)量并沒有明顯的提高。其中，M1組是所有處理組中草坪草綜合質(zhì)量最高的組別，但它在土壤硝態(tài)氮積累方面相對較高。

結(jié)論表明，針對冷季型草坪草坪長期生長，單一尿素肥在相同用量下，可以得到最好的草坪草品質(zhì)。但是，單一氮肥可能會導(dǎo)致土壤硝態(tài)氮累積問題。因此，為了減輕環(huán)境問題，我們應(yīng)考慮肥料合理配比或者種植其他草種，如豆科植物等可以外源同化氮的植物物種。

關(guān)鍵詞：氮肥配施；草坪草；草質(zhì)量；硝態(tài)氮積累

Abstract:

Thisstudyexploredtheeffectofdifferentnitrogenfertilizersonthequalityofgrassandtheaccumulationofnitratenitrogenincold-seasonturf.Thecommonlyusedfertilizercombinationforturfwastakenasthecontrolgroup,andfourdifferentnitrogenfertilizercombinationtreatmentgroupswereset,includingagroupwiththesameamountofureafertilizer(U),agroupwith1:1combinationofureafertilizerandammoniumnitrogenfertilizer(UAN)(M1),agroupwith1:2combinationofureafertilizerandammoniumnitratefertilizer(UAN)(M2),andagroupwith1:3combinationofureafertilizerandammoniumnitratefertilizer(UAN)(M3).Thequalityofroot,stemandleaftissueoftheturfgrassandthecontentofnitratenitrogeninthesoilweremeasured.

Theresultsshowedthatunderthesamedosage,thecombineduseofUANandureafertilizerdidnotsignificantlyaffectthegrowthofturfcomparedtothetraditionalsingleureafertilizer.AlthoughthecontroldegreeofammoniumnitratefertilizerwashigherintheM2andM3groups,thequalityoftheturfgrassdidnotimprovesignificantly.Amongthem,theM1groupwasthegroupwiththehighestoverallturfgrassqualityinalltreatmentgroups,butitsnitratenitrogenaccumulationinthesoilwasrelativelyhigher.

Inconclusion,forthelong-termgrowthofcold-seasonturfgrass,thesingleureafertilizercangetthebestturfgrassqualityunderthesamedosage.However,singlenitrogenfertilizermaycausetheproblemofnitratenitrogenaccumulationinthesoil.Therefore,toalleviateenvironmentalproblems,weshouldconsiderreasonablefertilizerratiosorplantingothergrassspecies,suchasleguminousplants,whichcanassimilatenitrogen.

Keywords:nitrogenfertilizercombination;turfgrass;grassquality;nitratenitrogenaccumulationBesidesconsideringtheuseofnitrogenfertilizercombinationsorplantingleguminousplants,thereareothermeasuresthatcanbetakentoreducenitratenitrogenaccumulationinthesoil.Forinstance,applyingorganicfertilizerorincorporatingcovercropscanhelpimprovesoilfertilitywhilereducingtherelianceonsyntheticfertilizers.

It'sessentialtonotethattheexcessiveuseofnitrogenfertilizerscanhavedetrimentaleffectsontheenvironment.Nitrogenleachingcancausegroundwatercontamination,eutrophicationofwaterbodies,andgreenhousegasemissions.Therefore,itisimperativetoadoptsustainablefertilizationpracticesthatpromoteturfgrassgrowthwhilepreservingtheenvironment.

Inconclusion,thequalityofturfgrasscanbesignificantlyimprovedusingacombinationofnitrogenfertilizers.However,excessiveuseofnitrogenfertilizerscanleadtonitratenitrogenaccumulationinthesoil,whichcanhavenegativeenvironmentaleffects.Therefore,properfertilizationmanagementpracticesshouldbeadoptedtoensuresustainableturfgrassgrowthTofurtherpromotesustainableturfgrassgrowthandpreservetheenvironment,thereareseveralotherpracticesthatcanbeadopted.Onesuchpracticeisusingorganicfertilizersinsteadofchemicalfertilizers.Organicfertilizersarederivedfromnaturalsourcessuchasanimalmanure,compost,andbonemeal,andprovideaslow-releasesourceofnutrientstotheturfgrass.Unlikechemicalfertilizers,organicfertilizersdonotreleaselargeamountsofnutrientsallatonce,whichcanleadtosoilandwatercontamination.

Anotherpracticethatcanbeadoptedissoiltesting.Soiltestingcanhelpdeterminethenutrientcontentofthesoilandguidetheproperapplicationoffertilizers.Itcanalsopreventover-fertilization,whichcanleadtoleachingofnutrientsintogroundwaterandpollutionofriversandlakes.

Watermanagementisalsocriticalforsustainableturfgrassgrowth.Wateringthegrassappropriatelyisimportanttoavoidover-wateringthatcanleadtowasteandsurfacerunoff,andunder-wateringthatcanstuntgrowthandcausestressonthegrass.Wateringattherighttimeofday,suchasearlyinthemorningorlateintheevening,canalsoreducewaterlossthroughevaporation.

Finally,turfgrasscanbemanagedtopromotenaturalresistancetopestsanddiseasesthroughpropermowing,aeration,andthatchmanagement.Thisreducestherelianceonpesticidesandherbicides,whichcanhavenegativeeffectsontheenvironment.

Inconclusion,adoptingsustainablefertilizationpracticesiscriticalforpromotinghealthyturfgrassgrowthwhilepreservingtheenvironment.Thisinvolvesusingacombinationofnitrogenfertilizersinappropriateamounts,usingorganicfertilizers,soiltesting,watermanagement,andnaturalpestanddiseasemanagement.Byadoptingthesepractices,wecanensureahealthyturfgrassenvironmentforyearstocomeInadditiontotheabovepractices,therearesomeotherapproachesthatcancontributetosustainablefertilizationandpromotehealthyturfgrassgrowth.

Onesuchapproachistheuseofcovercrops,whichcanhelppreventsoilerosion,suppressweedgrowth,andimprovesoilfertility.Covercropsareplantedintheoff-seasonorbetweenturfgrasscyclesandarelatermowedortilleddownasanaturalsourceofnutrientsfortheturf.Legumessuchascloverandvetchcanalsofixnitrogen,reducingtheneedforsyntheticnitrogenfertilizers.

Anotherapproachistoimplementatopdressingprogram,whichinvolvesapplyingathinlayerofsoilorsandontopoftheturf.Thishelpstoleveloutthesurface,reducethatchbuildup,andprovideasourceofnutrientstotheturf.Thisapproachisparticularlybeneficialforturfthatissubjectedtoheavytraffic,suchassportsfieldsandgolfcourses.

Irrigationmanagementisalsoacriticalaspectofsustainablefertilizationpractices.Over-irrigationcanleadtoleachingofnutrients,lossofsoilstructure,anddiseaseoutbreaks,whileunder-irrigationcanresultinstresstotheturfgrassandreducedgrowth.Effectiveirrigationmanagementinvolvesmonitoringsoilmoisturelevels,adjustingirrigationschedulesbasedonweatherconditions,andusingtechniquessuchasdeepwateringandsoilaerationtopromotedeeperrootgrowth.

Finally,itisimportanttoengageinregularmonitoringandmaintenanceoftheturfgrass.Thisinvolvesidentifyingandaddressingissuessuchaspestinfestations,diseaseoutbreaks,andnutrientdeficienciesinatimelymanner.Regularsoiltestingandanalysiscanalsoprovidevaluableinsightsintothenutrientstatusofthesoilandhelpguidefertilizationdecisions.

Inconclusion,sustainablefertilizationpracticesareessentialformaintaininghealthyandvibrantturfgrasswhileminimizingtheenvironmentalimpact.Byadoptingaholisticandproactiveapproachtoturfmanagement,wecanensur