16年仁愛英語九年級上冊Unit1topic2重點知識點eva

Unit1TheChangingWorldTopic2Thepopulationindevelopingcountriesisgrowingfaster.一．重點句型：SectionAWegotlostandcouldn’tfindeachother.我們丟失了，相互找不到對方。getlost意為“丟失，迷路”，其中l(wèi)ost為形容詞，其近義詞有missing和gone.Haveyoufoundhimyet你已經(jīng)找到他了嗎yet用于疑問句及否認句，議論尚未發(fā)生但可能發(fā)生的事，通常位于句末。 (2)already常用于確定句中，指動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，或比期望發(fā)生的要早，一般用于句子中或者句末；Haveyouhadyourlunchyet Yes,Pvealreadyhadit.你吃過午飯了嗎？ 是的，我已經(jīng)吃過了。Let'scallhimupnow.我們?nèi)缃窠o他打 吧?！?〕callup意為“給……打 〃，名詞作賓語時，可以放在up后面或是兩詞之間；賓語是代詞時，必需放在兩詞之間。I’llcalledyouupassoonasIcomeback.我一回來就給你打 。〔2〕callup=ringup=makeatelephonecall=telephonesb.Ireallyhatetogoingtoaplacelikethat.——真的很厭煩去那樣的地方?！乙彩??！?〕SodoI.為倒裝句，表示前面提到的確定狀況也同樣合適另外一個主體，表“某某也一樣〃，構(gòu)造為“So+be/情態(tài)動詞/助動詞+主語〃。如：Jimisastudent,soisTom.吉姆是一名學(xué)生，湯姆也是。Jimcanswim,socanTom.吉姆會游泳，湯姆也會。Jimlikessports,sodoesTom.吉姆喜愛運動，湯姆也喜愛。〔2〕如表前面不怎樣，后面“也不"怎樣時，其構(gòu)造為“neither/nor+be?情態(tài)動詞/助動詞+主語〃|。如：Jimwasn’tChinese,neither/norwerethey.吉姆不中國人，他們也不是。Jimcan’tspeakJapanese,neithercanI.吉姆不會說日語，我也不會。Jimdidn’tgothere,neitherdidI.吉姆沒去那兒，我也沒去?！?〕如前后兩句表達的是同一個主體，那么不能倒裝，表■勺確如此〃|。如：Jimisagoodstudent.Soheis.吉姆是一名好學(xué)生，的確如此。I’veneverbeentherebefore.我從前沒有去過那里。before〔表示時間〕以前，是副詞而不是介詞或者連詞，屬較模糊的時間狀語，表示到說話時間為止之前發(fā)生的事，大多運用完成時。Ihavereadthatnovelbefore.我從前看過那本小說。Thereweresuchmanypeoplethattheycouldn’tfindeachother.那里太多人了以致于他們找不到對方。Suchthat &so that.....意為“如此 以致于〃，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。so+形容詞/副詞+that+句子Sheissolovelyagirlthateveryonelikesher,她是如此得意的女孩，人人都喜愛她。so+many/much/little/few+名詞+that+句子Hedranksomuchwinethatanaccidenthappenedtohimonhiswayhome.他喝了那么多的酒，以致于在回家的路上發(fā)生了事故。such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞+that+句子Sheissuchalovelygirlthateveryonelikesher.她是如此得意的女孩，人人都喜愛她。such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不行數(shù)名詞+that+句子Itwassuchbadweatherthatnobodywasonthestreet.天這么糟糕，街上空無一人。SectionBWhatalargepopulation!這么多人口！population為不行數(shù)名詞，表示人口的多少只能用“l(fā)arge〃或“sma■〃修飾，提問人口:what’sthepopulationof ；haveapopulationof意為“有 的人口〞；ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing.上海的人口比北京多。What'sthepopulationofChina=HowmanypeoplearethereinChina中國的人口有多少？Itisincreasingby80millioneveryyear.人口每年正以8000萬的速度增長?！?〕increase可作及物動詞也可作不及物動詞。其含義是“增長，增加，加強〞等?！?〕increaseby+倍數(shù)或者百分數(shù)，指“增加了……倍或百分之……〃；Comparedwithlastyear,ourpayhasincreasedbythreetime.及去年相比，我們的工資增長了三倍。）increaseto+詳細的增長后的數(shù)字，指“增加到……〞Ourriceoutputhasincreasedtosixmilliontonsthisyear.我們今年的糧食產(chǎn)量增長到600萬噸。Whatproblemsdoesthelargepopulationcause眾多的人口導(dǎo)致了什么問題？cause意為“帶來，造成，引起，導(dǎo)致〞，相當于bringabout.Thebadweatheriscausingtroubleformanyfarmers.惡劣的天氣給很多農(nóng)夫帶來了費事。SectionCandaboutonefifthofthepeopleintheworldliveinChina.而且世界上大約五分之一的人口生活在中國。onefifth是分數(shù)表達法。英文分數(shù)表達法：分子為基數(shù)詞，分母為序數(shù)詞，先讀分子后讀分母。當分子大于1時，分母的序數(shù)詞那么變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，干脆在詞尾加“s〃。eg:onefourth四分之一；threefourths四分之三；onesecond二分之一；twothirds三分之二注：分數(shù)修飾名詞作主語，謂語動詞要和所修飾的名詞保持一樣。四分之一也可以aquarter,百分數(shù)讀作“基數(shù)詞+percent（無復(fù)數(shù)〕；Becauseofthelargepopulation,thereislesslivingspaceforeachfamily.由于人口多，每個家庭的居住面積更小了。becauseof+n./v.ing因為=because+句子Nowmostfamilyhaveonlyonechildbecauseofourcountr’ysonechildpolicy.=Becauseourcountryhasonechildpolicy,nowmostfamilieshaveonlyonechild.由于我國施行了獨生子女政策，如今大多數(shù)家庭只有一個孩子。Thelargepopulationhascausedmanyotherdifficultiesforthewholenation.人口多也給整個國家?guī)砹撕芏嗥渌麊栴}。⑴Whole著眼于整體，接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式。一謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。ThewholefamilylikeswatchingTV.全家人都喜愛看電視。⑵|all著重于全體中的各個部分，接不行數(shù)名詞或是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。Allthepeopleintheshiplosttheirlives.輪船上全部人都遇難了。ItishardforChinatosupplyenergyandwatertosatisfypeople’sdailyneeds.中國很難供應(yīng)足夠的能源和水來滿意人們的日常需求。A.supplyn.供應(yīng)量，供應(yīng)量,儲存；Thewatersupplyisnotenough.水的供應(yīng)缺乏。B.supplyv.〔尤其大量〕供應(yīng)，供應(yīng)，供應(yīng)；supplesth.tosb.=supplysb.withsth.Ourcountrysuppliesfreetextbookstochildren.=Ourcountrysupplieschildrenwithfreetextbooks.我國給孩子們供應(yīng)免費的教科書。注：provide,offer及supply意思相近，但是用法不同。providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.offersth.tosb.=offersb.Sth.SectionDIliveinasmallmountaintowncalledFairmont.我住在一個名叫費爾蒙特的小山城里。calledFairmont過去分詞短語放在名詞后作后置定語，called=named=withthenameofTheboycalled/named/withthenameofLileiismybrother.名叫李雷的那個男孩是我的弟弟。二.重點語法 如今完成時（II）.如今完成時的用法：表示過去某一時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，對如今仍有影響。Ihavejustpostedtheletter.我剛把信郵寄了。.如今完成時及不明確的過去時間狀語副詞before,just,already,yet,ever等連用。Haveyouheardfromyourfriendlately你最近有收到你摯友的來信嗎？如今完成時常及以下表不明確的狀語連用：1．a(chǎn)lready和yetalready“已經(jīng)〞〔多用于確定陳述句〕,如：Hehasalreadygonehome.他已經(jīng)回家了。yet“已經(jīng);還〞〔用于否認句或疑問句〕,如：Haveyoufoundhimyet你已經(jīng)找到他了嗎？Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.我還沒完成作業(yè)。※already也可用于疑問句,表“出乎意料或驚異〞Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkalready莫非你已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了？2．ever和neverever“曾經(jīng)〞〔多用于疑問句,問初次經(jīng)驗〕,如：Ihaveeverbeenabroad.我曾出過國。never“從未；從來不〃〔多用于否認陳述句〕，常答復(fù)ever的句型。如：Ihaveneverseenhimbefore. Hasheeverbeenabroad他曾出過國嗎？ No,never.不,從來不。3．justjust“剛剛〞〔多用于確定句,位于謂語動詞之前〕,如：Ihavejusttriedtocallyou.我剛剛打 給你。4．beforebefore"之前〃〔一般位于句末；常及never照應(yīng)〕，如：Hesayshehasneverseensuchbeautifulscenerybefore.他說他以前從來沒看過這么美的風景。.如今完成時也可以和包括如今在內(nèi)的時間狀語連用。如thisweek,thisyear,thismorning,today等。Theyhavemovedthreetimesthisyear.今年他們已經(jīng)搬了三次家。.如今完成時不能和明確表示過去時間的狀語連用^HHHHBIBIII語法練習：.Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey what’shappenedtohim.A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknowHehas beentoShanghai,hasheA.alreadyB.neverC.everD.stillHaveyoumetMrLi ？A.justB.agoC.beforeD.amomentago三．重點詞組：1．bein=beathome在家；2．getlost 迷路；3．eachother 彼此；4．callsb.=callsb.up=ringsb.up=makeatelephonecall=telephonesb.打給某人；5．not anymore=nomore不再〔頻率上的不再〕；6．hatetogoshopping厭煩去購物；7．centralpark中心公園；8．departmentstore百貨商場；9．loseone’way迷失方向，迷路；10．thelargestpopulation最多人口；11．developingcountry開展中國家；12．developedcountry興盛國家；13．carryout實行,進展，執(zhí)行；14．theone-childpolicy獨生子女政策；15．controlthepopulation限制人口；16．takemeasurestodosth.實行措施做某事；17．onefifth五分之一；18．becauseof+n./v.ing=because+句子因為；19．livingspace居住面積；atthesametime同時；thanksto（介詞〕=becauseof/withthehelpof 多虧了 ,由于.....的扶植；thanksfor+名詞/代詞/動詞ing為 感謝；beknownas...=befamousas... 作為……而聞名satisfydailyneed滿意日常需求；25.workwellindoing.在 方面起作用；26.比較級and比較級越來越 ；27．havealongwaytodosth.做某事有很長的路要走；28．offermorejobopportunities供應(yīng)更多的就業(yè)時機；29．dealwith處理；30．solvetheproblem解決問題；31．socialproblem社會問題；32．governmentmeasure政府措施；33．besurroundedby被 環(huán)繞；34．cuttrees砍伐樹木；35．closeto接近；36．becarefulwith/about/ofsth.當心，慎重地對待某物或某事；37．discouraged+v.ing勸阻，阻擋38．helpeachother相互扶植；39．havealonghistory擁有很長的歷史；40．placesofinterest名勝古跡；41．publictransportation公共交通設(shè)施；42．causesomeproblems引起一些問題；43．extendedfamily大家庭〔幾代同堂的家庭〕；44．nuclearfamily核心家庭，小家庭；〔只包括父母及子女〕四．練習：A.選擇題：( )1. thepopulationoftheU.S.A.in2005—It about296million.A.Whatis;is B.Whatwas;wasC.Howmanyis;was D.Howmanywas;is()2.Haveyoureturnedthelibrarybook —Yes,I’ve returnedit.A.already;alreadyB.yet;yetC.already;yetD.yet;already( )3.Theworld’spopulationproblemwillbeserious allthecountriesdosomethingtocontrolit.A.orB.butC.unlessD.and( )4.Ihavenevervisitedapaperfactory.— .A.SohaveI.B.SoIhave.C.NeitherhaveI.D.Ihaven’tnow.( )5. ofthestudents boysinourclass.A.Onefifth;areB.Onefifths;areC.Firstfifths;isD.Onefive;is( )6. thestrongwind,theyhadtoshutupallthewindows.A.BecauseofB.BecauseC.ThankstoD.Thanks’sunfair, A.isn’titB.isitC.isn’theD.ishe( )8.—WhatdoyouknowaboutChina—It’stheone-childpolicythathas controllingthepopulationinChina.A.beengoodatB.takengoodcareofC.workedwellinD.gotonwellin( )9.Japanisa countrywhileChinaisa country.A.developing;developedB.developed;developingC.developing;developingD.developed;developed( )10.Sheaskedme .howmanychairsarethereintheclassroomhowmanychairsthereareintheclassroomhowmanychairstherewereintheclassroomhowmanychairstherehadintheclassroom( )11.Wemustthepolicytocontroltheheavytrafficinthecity.A.carryoutB.takeoutC.bringout D.lookout( )12.ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthan ofShenyang.A.that B.it C.one D.this( )13.— thepopulationoftheU.S.A.in2005—It about296million.A.Whatis;is B.Whatwas;wasC.Howmanyis;was D.Howmanywas;is( )14. oftheteachersarewomeninourschool.A.TwothirdB.TwothreesC.TwothirdsD.Secondthree( )15.He’sreadthisbookbefore, A.hasn’theB.doesn’the C.isn’theD.wasn’the( )16.—KangkangisgoodatEnglish.——.Heoftenspeakstoforeigners.A.Soishe. B.Soheis. C.SowasheD.Sohewas.( )17.Thelittlegirlhas finishedreadingthebookyoulenther.A.alreadyB.yet C.still D.onceB.閱讀理解。MostpeopleinBritainliveinsmallfamilygroups.MorethanaquarterofhomesinBritainhaveonlyonepersonlivinginthem.Someofthesepersonsareoldbutsomeareoftwentytothirtywhochoosetolivealone.35%ofhomeshavetwopeoplelivinginthem,andanother17%havethreepeople.15%havefourpeoplelivinginthem,andtheotherhomeshavefiveormore.ThefamiliesinBritainaresmall.Itisunusualforparentstohavemorethantwochildren.Whenchildrenareabouteighteenornineteen,theyleavetheirparents’home,andtheyoftengotoothercities.Sometimestheyonlyvisittheirparentstwoorthreetimesayear.依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，推斷正(。誤(F)。()1.Thepassageisareport.( )2.35%ofhomesinBritainhave3peopleliving