2022-2023年吉林省遼源市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)重點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）

2022-2023年吉林省遼源市大學(xué)英語6級(jí)大學(xué)英語六級(jí)重點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Inalmostallcases,Bluetoothuserscanestablish"trusteddevices"thatcanexchangedata______.

2.

In"allmenarecreatedequal"inDeclarationofIndependencebyThomasJefferson,theword"men"refertobothmalesandfemaleswhethertheyhavevoterightornot.

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3.

TheUnitedStatesspendmuchmoremoneyonprogramstopreventdiseasesthanon______.

4.

Notsurprising,schoolofficialsherepainta______thenewmathcurriculumthandothecriticalparents.

5.

______willbeoneofthepoliticalinitiativestakentotacklethesuicideprobleminAustralia.

6.

Eatingfishandwalnutsmayhelpkeepourspiritsup,becausetheycontains______.

7.

Whatdothetwosetsof"public"and"private"argumentsshow?

A.Googleisthesameasanyothercompanyaimingatmoney.

B.Google'spropagandaisdifferentfromanyothercompany.

C.Googleexcelsanyother"evil"companyingrabbingmoney.

D.Googleisregardedasanevilcompany.

8.AlargesumofmoneymustbespentonLyubomirsky'sresearchbecauseitneedstotracealotofpeople______.

9.

Grammariansstartedtouse"he"asagenericpronounbecausetheyweretryingtochangeatraditionofusing"they"as______.

10.

HundredsofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredintheexplosionwereallAfricanAmericans.

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11.GlobalWarming:Causes,EffectsandSolutions

WhatCausesGlobalWarming?

Carbondioxideandotherairpollutantsintheatmospherelikeathickeningblanket,trapthesun'sheatandcausetheplanettowarmup.Coal-burningpowerplantsarethelargestU.S.sourceofcarbondioxidepollutiontheyproduce2.5billiontonseveryyear.Automobiles,thesecondlargestsource,createnearly1.5billiontonsofCO2annually.

Here'sthegoodnews:Technologiesexisttodaytomakecarsruncleanerandbumlessgas,modernizepowerplantsandgenerateelectricityfromnonpollutingsources,andcutourelectricityusethroughenergyefficiency.Itissurethatthesesolutionsareputtouse.

IstheEarthReallyGettingHotter?

Althoughlocaltemperaturesfluctuatenaturallyoverthepast50years,theaverageglobaltemperaturehasincreasedatthefastestrateinrecordedhistory.Andexpertsthinkthetrendisaccelerating:The10hottestyearsonrecordhavealloccurredsince1990.Scientistssaythatunlesswecurbglobalwarmingemissions,averageU.S.temperaturescouldbe3to9degreeshigherbytheendofthecentury.

AreWarmerTemperaturesCausingBadThingstoHappen?

GlobalwarmingisalreadycausingdamageinmanypartsoftheUnitedStates.In2002,Colorado,ArizonaandOregonenduredtheirworstwildfireseasonsever.Thesameyear,droughtcreatedsevereduststormsinMontana,ColoradoandKansas,andfloodscausedhundredsofmillionsofdollarsindamageinTexas,MontanaandNorthDakota.Sincetheearly1950s,snowaccumulationhasdeclined60percentandwinterseasonshaveshortenedinsomeareasoftheCascadeRangeinOregonandWashington.

Ofcourse,theimpactsofglobalwarmingarenotlimitedtotheUnitedStates.In2003,extremeheatwavescausedmorethan20,000deathsinEuropeandmorethan1,500deathsinIndia.Andinwhatscientistsregardasanalarmingsignofeventstocome,theareaoftheArctic'sperennial(常年不斷的)polaricecapisdecliningattherateof9percentperdecade.

IsGlobalWarmingMakingHurricanesWorse?

Globalwarmingdoesn'tcreatehurricanes,butitdoesmakethemstrongerandmoredangerous.Becausetheoceanisgettingwarmer,tropicalstormscanpickupmoreenergyandbecomemorepowerful.Soglobalwarmingcouldturn,say,acategory-3stormintoamuchmoredangerouscategory-4storm.Infact,scientistshavefoundthatthedestructivepotentialofhurricaneshasgreatlyincreasedalongwithoceantemperatureoverthepast35years.

WhatArethePossibleConsequencesofGlobalWarming?

Globalwarmingisacomplexphenomenon,anditsfull-scaleimpactsarehardtopredictfarinadvance.Buteachyearscientistslearnmoreabouthowglobalwarmingisaffectingtheplanet,andmanyagreethatcertainconsequencesarelikelytooccurifcurrenttrendscontinue.Amongthese:

?Meltingglaciers,earlysnowmeltandseveredroughtswillcausemoredramaticwatershortagesintheAmericanWest.

?RisingsealevelswillleadtocoastalfloodingontheEasternseaboard,inFlorida,andinotherareas,suchastheGulfofMexico.

?WarmerseasurfacetemperatureswillfuelmoreintensehurricanesinthesoutheasternAtlanticandGulfcoasts.

?Forests,farmsandcitieswillfacetroublesomenewpestsandmoremosquito-bornediseases.

?Disruptionofhabitatssuchascoralreefsandalpine(高山上的)meadowscoulddrivemanyplantandanimalspeciestoextinction.

CouldGlobalWarmingTriggeraSuddenCatastrophe?

Recently,researchersandeventheU.S.DefenseDepartmenthaveinvestigatedthepossibilityofabruptclimatechange,inwhichgradualglobalwarmingtriggersasuddenshiftintheEarth'sclimate,causi

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12.Traditionalstrategyofmakingoneselfadvertisedmaysometimesbringunexpectednegativeeffectapartfromhighcost.

13.

Amongthealternativeenergysources,______,andcoalarethecheapestformstoday.

14.

ThepracticeatImperialCollege,Londonprovesthatsomescientists'fearsoffocusingtoomuchcommunicationare______.

15.

ToprotectChineseretailersagainstthegrowingforeigncompetition,theChinesegovernmentstilltakesmeasurestolimitthenumbersofstoresopenedbyforeignretailersinlargecities.

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16.Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.

Forquestions1-4,mark

Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions5-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

TheAdvantagesofCommunicativeLanguageTeaching

Asateachertrainerworkingwithinternationalgroups,Iamfrequentlyaskedtoincludeanoverviewofcommunicativelanguageteaching(CLT),anddiscusswaysofadaptingmaterialstomakelessonsmorecommunicativeorinteractive.

MostgroupsareenthusiasticaboutthelessonopportunitieswhichCLToffers.However,somealsoindicatedtheyfeltconstrainedbythesystemunderwhichtheyoperated,especiallythoseteachinginsettingswhichareparticularlyexam-focused.Inaddition,theyqueriedtherelevanceofCLTtotheirsituation,wheremanyofthestudentsneverusedEnglishoutsidetheclassroom.Incontrast,Ihadshiftedacrossaspectrumoflearners,enthusiasticallytakingCLTalongwithmeasuniversallyappropriate.

Takingmycolleagues'concernsonboard,IbegantoquestiontheappropriatenessofCLTforsomeofthesediverselearnergroups.Thiswassupportedbycurrentreadingonthetopic;thetitlesofsomearticlesmademethinkIshouldgiveupthesupportforCLTthenandthere.However,themoreIreadonthetopic,themoreIdefendedthecontinuedsuitabilityofCLT.Itreallydoesbenefitthestudentsinavarietyofways.

ElementsofCLT

Communication—AccordingtoAbility

WhetherCLTshouldbeconsideredanapproachoramethodologyisamoreabstractdebateandhereIwanttodealwithitsmorepracticalaspects,infact,itisthoseveryelements,andthenameitself,whichhavebeenusedtochallengethefuturerelevanceofCLT.Firstly,thelabelimpliesafocusoncommunicationandsomemightarguethatthismethodcan'tbeemployedgenuinelywithlowlevelsasthereisnoauthenticcommunication,duetoalimitedvocabularyandrestrictedrangeoffunctions.Initially,manyofalearner'sutterancesareveryformulaic.Asanaside,considerjustwhatpercentageofourownEnglishexpressionsareunique,andhowoftenwerelyonasetphrase;justbecauseitisdeliveredunselfconsciouslyandwithnaturalintonationdoesnotmakeitoriginal.Theaimisthatthelengthandcomplexityofexchanges,andconfidentdelivery,willgrowwiththestudent'slanguageability.

Withtheemphasisoncommunication,thereisalsotheimplicationthatspokenexchangesshouldbeauthenticandmeaningful;detractorsclaimthattheartificialnatureofclassroom-based(i.e.teacher-createdinteractionsmakesCLTanoxymoron.Nevertheless,aproficientteacherwillprovideacontextsothatclassinteractionsarerealisticandmeaningfulbutwiththesupportneededtoassiststudentstogeneratethetargetlanguage.Weneedtoconsiderthatproducinglanguageisaskillandwhenwelearnaskillwepractiseinimprovisedsettings.Forexample,beforeanursegivesarealinjection,theyhavepuncturedmanyapieceoffruittohonetheirtechnique.

AccuracyasWellasFluency

Itmightalsobearguedthattheextentofsomeofthestructuresorfunctionsmayneverbeusedinreallife.Oneexampleisadjectiveorder;Ihavegivenstudentsanexercisewheretheyhavetoproduceaphrasewithastringofadjectives,suchas"astrong,orange,Norwegian,canvastent."Thisisveryunnatural,asmosttimesweonlycombinetwoorthreea

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17.Thereleaseoflargequantitiesofthegreenhousegasmethaneaspermafrostmeltswillspeedup______.

18.

Apersonwithlittlesleepthenightbeforehisspeechmayshowthat______.

A.hehasnospeakingexperience

B.hedidn'tpreparethespeechcarefully

C.hewasquitenervousaboutthespeech

D.hegotnosuggestionsfromotherspeakers

19.ClimateChange

Scientistspredictincreasingdroughts,floodsandextremeweatherandsaythereisgrowingevidencethathumanactivitiesaretoblame.

WhatIsClimateChange?

Theplanet'sclimateisconstantlychanging.Theglobalaveragetemperatureiscurrentlyintheregionof15℃.Geologicalandotherevidencesuggeststhat,inthepast,thisaveragemayhavebeenashighas27℃andaslowas7℃.

Butscientistsareconcernedthatthenaturalfluctuation(波動(dòng))hasbeenovertakenbyarapidhuman-inducedwarmingthathasseriousimplicationsforthestabilityoftheclimateonwhichmuchlifeontheplanetdepends.

WhatIsthe"GreenhouseEffect"?

ThegreenhouseeffectreferstotheroleplayedbygaseswhicheffectivelytrapenergyfromtheSunintheEarth'satmosphere.Withoutthem,theplanetwouldbetoocoldtosustainlifeasweknowit.

Themostimportantofthesegasesinthenaturalgreenhouseeffectiswatervapor,butconcentrationsofthatarechanginglittleanditplaysalmostnoroleinmodemhuman-inducedgreenhousewarming.

Othergreenhousegasesincludecarbondioxide,methane(甲烷)andnitrous(含氮的)oxide,whicharereleasedbymodernindustry,agricultureandtheburningoffossilfuels.Theirconcentrationintheatmosphereisincreasing—theconcentrationofcarbondioxidehasrisenbymorethan30%since1800.

ThemajorityofclimatescientistsacceptthetheorythatanincreaseinthesegaseswillcauseariseintheEarth'stemperature.

WhatIstheEvidenceofWarming?

Temperaturerecordsgobacktothelate19thcenturyandshowthattheglobalaveragetemperatureincreasedbyabout0.6℃inthe20thcentury.

Sealevelshaverisen10～20cm—thoughttobecausedmainlybytheexpansionofwarmingoceans.

MostglaciersintemperateregionsoftheworldandalongtheAntarcticPeninsulaareinretreat,andrecordsshowArcticsea-icehasthinnedby40%inrecentdecadesinsummerandautumn.

Thereareanomalies(異常)however—partsof.theAntarcticappeartobegettingcolder,andtherearediscrepanciesbetweentrendsinsurfacetemperaturesandthoseinthetroposphere(對流層)(thelowerportionoftheatmosphere).

HowMuchWillTemperaturesRise?

Ifnothingisdonetoreduceemissions,currentclimatemodelspredictaglobaltemperatureincreaseof1.4～5.8℃by2100.

Evenifwecutgreenhousegasemissionsdramaticallynow,scientistssaytheeffectswouldcontinuebecausepartsoftheclimatesystem,particularlylargebodiesofwaterandice,cantakehundredsofyearstorespondtochangesintemperature.Italsotakesgreenhousegasesintheatmospheredecadestobreakdown.

Itispossiblethatwehavealreadyirrevocably(不可撤回地)committedtheGreenlandicesheettomelting,whichwouldcauseanestimated7mriseinsealevel.TherearealsoindicationsthatthewestAntarcticicesheetmayhavebeguntomelt.thoughscientistscautionfurtherresearchisnecessary.

HowWilltheWeatherChange?

Globally,wecanexpectmoreextremeweatherevents,withheatwavesbecominghotterandmorefrequent.Scientistspredictmorerainfalloverall,butsaytheriskofthoughtininlandareasduringhotsummerswillincrease.Morefloodingisexpectedfromstormsandrisingsealevels.

Thereare,however,likelytobeverystrongregionalvariationsinthesepatterns,andtheseeredifficulttopredict.

WhatWilltheEffectsBe?

Thepotentialimpactishuge,withpredictedfreshwatershortages,sweepingchangesinfoodproductionconditions,andincreasesindeathsfromfloods,storms,heatwavesanddroughts.Poorercountries,whichareleastequippedtodealwithrapidchange,willsuffermost.

Plantandanimalextinctionsarepredicte

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20.

Viewerswillhavetoagreetoparticipateinaspecialfile-sharingnetwork,toreducethecostofdownloading.

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二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B2】

22.(24)

A.15.B.10.C.100.D.150.

23.(18)

A.Heisaplumber.

B.Heisadentist.

C.Heisagasstationattendant

D.Heisanengineer.

24.【B3】

25.(45)

26.(40)

27.聽力原文：W:Withusnow,isMalcolmBricklin,CEOofVisionaryVehicles.

M:Hello,everyone.

W:WehavebeenhearingacoupleofthingsaboutthisnewsthatFordMotorCompanyisslashingupto30,000jobs,shuttingdown14plantsnationwide.Isitabigdealifwearenolongermanufacturingthesecars,Malcolm?

M:Ithinkit'sahugedeal.Imeanthecompaniesaremassiveemployersbothdirectlyandindirectly,IfyoulookatFordaftertheirrestructuring,they'veactuallygot87,000employeeswhichistwiceasmanyasMicrosofthaveworldwide.Moreover,ifyoulookatthosejobs,theyareveryhigh-payingjobs.Thesearepeoplewhocanaffordtobuytheirownproducts.

W:Er,itseemstoindicateabighitforoureconomyifthesejobsgobye-bye.

M:Yeah,it'sareallysaddayforAmerica.

W:Butitisnotasifcarsarestoppedbeingmade,right?

M:Correct.StillalargenumberofcarsarebeingmadebyAmericanmanufacturers.MorethanhaftoftheAmericancarssoldinAmericaareAmerican.Sowhathashappenedovertimeisthatasthemarketsharehasfallen,foreigncarcompanieshavecomeintakenoverplantsandsetupnewplants,andtheyhavetakenoverthatcapacity.So,itisnotliketherearefewercarsbeingproducedinAmericathantherewere30yearsago.

W:LetmeaskyouabouttheChinesecomingin.WhatwoulditmeantoAmericanjobs,ifandwhenthathappens?

M:TheChinesecarswehaveseensofararen'tthatgreatandtheydon'thavethebrandingnecessarytomakeahugeimpactintheworldstage.

(23)

A.ItisclosingdownsomefactoriesintheUS.

B.Itnolongeroffershigh-payingjobs.

C.Thenumberofitsemployeesisdoubledaftertherestructuring.

D.Itismanufacturingasmanycarsasbefore.

28.聽力原文：W：Wouldyoumindifwediscussedtomorrow'sagendabeforedinnerthisevening．

M：Notatall.Icertainlydon'twanttotellaboutitduringourmeal.

Q：Whenwilltheyprobablydiscusstheagenda?

(13)

A.Beforedinner.

B.Rightafterdinner.

C.Duringdinner.

D.Thenextday.

29.

【B6】

30.

【B4】

31.聽力原文：M:MissJason,thankyouforsendingmethisnote.I'msorrytohearBillisbeingaproblem.

W:I'mnotsurewhat'shappeningtoBill.He'susuallyagoodstudent.Hecompletesallhisworkandhe'squietinclass.Then,lastmonth,hejustchanged.

Q:Whatcanyouinferfromtheconversation?

(14)

A.Thewomanistheman'sboss.

B.Themanisthewoman'shusband.

C.Thewomanistheheadmasterofaschool.

D.Thewomanwantstoknowsomethingaboutastudent.

32.聽力原文：M:Ihaven'tdecidedwhichcolortopaintmyroom,whiteoryellow?

W:Itisn'teasytochoose,isit?

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(16)

A.Itdoesn'tmatterwhichcolorthemanchooses.

B.It'sadifficultdecision.

C.Shedoesn'tlikeeithercolor.

D.Themanshouldchooseadifferentroom.

33.(32)

A.Hehelpedestablishthecity'sfirstuniversity.

B.Hehelpedestablishthecity'sfirstpostoffice.

C.Hehelpedestablishthecity'sfirstlibrary.

D.Hehelpedopenahospital.

34.(34)

A.Adisease.

B.Acauseoffatalplague.

C.Asubstanceinaflea'slegs.

D.Thesubstancethataflealiveson.

35.聽力原文：M:I'vejustfoundthemostusefuldeviceatthatnewoutdoorstore,awaterpurifier.

W:Awaterpurifier!Youwanttocarryevenmoreequipmentwithyouonourhikingtrips?

M:Ifitislightweightandsaveswork--yes!Andthisonefitsthatdescription.

W:Really?Ibetittakesupalotofroom.

M:Notatall.It'sastraw,muchliketheonesyouusetodrinkasodaoramilkshake.

W:Really?That'ssmall.

M:It'splasticandhasaseriesofmineralandchemicalfiltersthatstrainharmfulmicrobesfromwater.

W:Yes,buthowgoodajobcanitdofilteringthegermsoutofstagnantpondwater,orwaterfromlakesandstreams?

M:It'sfantastic.Itmakesthewaterentirelygerm-free.

W:Butwhataboutsaltorchemicalpollutants?Doesitcleanthemout?

M:No,itdoesn'tremovesaltandchemicals.Butthesearereallynotmajorconcernswhenwe'reouthikingandcamping.

W:Hm...Howlongwillastrawlast?

M:Forabout100gallons.Butdon'tworryaboutmeasuringthatlargeamountofwater.Thereisabuilt-insafetyfeature.Themineralandchemicalfiltersbecomecloggedlongbeforethelimitisreached,andthestrawthenstopsdrawingwater.

W:IthinkI'llgoandgetoneformycampingtripthisweekend.

(20)

A.Smallandlightweight.

B.Solidandheavy.

C.Bulkybutweightless.

D.Largebutnecessary.

36.(25)

A.It'srunbythegovernment.

B.Itappealstomostpeople.

C.Itoffersmuchchoice.

D.It'samonopoly.

37.(17)

A.Toworkintheflowerbeds.

B.Tocleantheyard.

C.Toworkasagardener.

D.Toweedthegarden.

38.聽力原文：Agoodmodemnewspaperisanextraordinarypieceofreading.Itisremarkablefirstforwhatitcontains:therangeofnewsfromlocalcrimetointernationalpolitics,fromsporttobusinesstofashiontoscience,andtherangeofcommentandspecialfeaturesaswell,fromeditorialpagetofeaturearticlesandinterviewstocriticismofbooks,art,theatreandmusic.Anewspaperisevenmoreremarkableforthewayonereadsit:nevercompletely,neverstraightthrough,butalwaysbyjumpingfromheretothere,inandonglancingatonepiece,readinganotherarticleallthewaythrough,readingjustafewparagraphsofthenext.Agoodmodernnewspaperoffersavarietytoattractmanydifferentreaders,butfarmorethananyonereaderisinterestedin.Whatbringsthisvarietytogetherinoneplaceisitstopicality,itsimmediaterelationtowhatishappeninginyourworldandyourlocalitynow.Butimmediacyandthespeedofproductionthatgoeswithitmeanalsothatmuchofwhatappearsinanewspaperhasnomorethantransientvalue.Forallthesereasons,notwopeoplereallyreadthesamepaper:whateachpersondoesistoputtogetherourofthepagesofthatday'spaper,hisownselectionandsequence,hisownnewspaper.Forallthesereasons,readingnewspapersefficiently,whichmeansgettingwhatyouwantfromthemwithoutmissingthingsyouneedbutwithoutwastingtime,demandsskillandself-awarenessasyoumodifyandapplythetechniquesofreading.

(30)

A.Uniform.style.

B.Widecoverage.

C.Speedinreportingnews.

D.Popularity.

39.聽力原文：M:I'mterriblysorry,Anna.Ilostthemagazineyoulentmetheotherday.

W:Itdoesn'tmatter.Itwasabackissueanyway.

Q:Whydoean'tthewomancareaboutthelostmagazine?

(19)

A.Sheisagenerouswomanbynature.

B.Itdoesn'thaveabackcover.

C.Shefeelstheman'sapologyisenough.

D.Itisnolongerofanyusetoher.

40.(31)

A.Theyhavegreatpower.

B.Theyhaveverydiversifiedresponsibilities.

C.Theyareverymodernandefficient.

D.Theyaresosmart.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41."Bridgingthegap"(Line1,Para.4)isusedinthepassagetoreferto______.

A.teachingoldpeoplemoreinformationaboutthemoderntechnology

B.askingyounggenerationtogetusedtothetraditionalwaysofcommunication

C.usingmoderntechnologytoinventeasywaystocommunicateforoldpeople

D.neglectingthedifferencebetweenyoungandoldgenerationsincommunication

42.

AccordingtoMaryMeeker,______.

A.traditionalretailerscan'tcompetewithonlineonesonprice,choiceorservice

B.thebattlebetweentraditionalretailersandonlineretailersisover

C.onlineretailershaveprevailedovertraditionalonesinthemarketofcertainproducts

D.onlineretailershavedestroyedthevalueoftraditionalretailers'properties

43.

Whatistrueaboutthepre-modernera?

A.Peoplefeelworriedabouttakingomnibuses,horserailways,commutertrains,andelectrictrolleys.

B.Peopleareeagertoliveandshopinthefarawayplace.

C.Middleclassgrouptendstomoveoutofthecity

D.Thereisanexplorationinurbanpopulation,esp.verylargecities.

44.

Inmanyindustrializedcountries,themostcommonfood-bornediseaseis______.

45.Teenagersarespendingmoremoneythanever.Justlastyear,31.6millionteensspent155billion,accordingtotheNorthbrook,Illinois-basedmarketresearchgroupTeenageResearchUnlimited.Muchofthatmoney,ofcourse,comesfromparents.

Shockedathowmuchmoneykidsspend?Maybeyouhaven'tcheckedthepricetagslatelyonsomeoftheyoungergeneration'smust-haves.

Tosome,suchextravagantspendingonthenotoriouslyfickleyoungmightseemoutrageous.Whydosomeparentsgivein?

Onefactorissurelythesheerpowerofmarketingthroughmassmedia.AccordingtothegroupAdbusters,teenagersareexposedtoanestimated3,000advertisementseachday.Combinetheadswithprogrammingitself,likethefashion-,music-andskin-filledshowsonMTV,andyou'vegotabarrageofmessagestellingkidswhattheyshouldowniftheywanttofitin.

"Thepressuresonparentstodayareenormous,"saysTomVogele,asinglefatheroftwin18-year-oldgirlsinNewportBeach,Calif."Itrulybelieveitishardertodaytoraisechildrenwithoutspoilingthem,notbecauseparentsarelesscapableorlazy,'butbecausesomanyforcesareworkingagainstme."

Manyworkingparentsprobablycompensatebyspendingmoneyontheirkids,saysTimothyMarshall,anassociateprofessorofdevelopmentalpsychologyatChristopherNewportUniversityinVirginia.Forsome,thereisprobablysomeguiltinvolvedinnotspendingenoughtimeathome.But,addsMarshall,spendingmoneyisalsooftenmoreconvenientinourfast-pacedsocietythangoingtobaseballgamesorotheractivities.

"It'seasiertosaylet'sgooutandspendsomemoney,intermsoffindingtimeinabusyscheduletospendwithkids,"Marshallsaid.

Formanyfamilies,ofcourse,keepingupwiththeirchildren'scostlydemandsfordesignerclothing,CDs,andconcertticketsisafinancialimpossibility.Evenforthosefamilieswhocanaffordsuchlavishspending,strikingacompromisebetweenspoilingthekidsanddenyingthemistricky,butpossible.

Teachingkidshowtobudgetandsaveiskey,Marshallsays.Insteadofjustgivingchildrenthetoysorclothingtheydesire,givethemanallowanceandshowthemhowtheycansaveupforwhatevertheywant,hesays.

Anddon'tbeafraidtojustsayno,Marshalladds."Weneedtostepupandtellkidswheretheboundariesare,that'spartofourresponsibilityasparents,"hesaid.

Inthefirstparagraph,"Northbrook"ismostprobably______.

A.amarketresearchcompanybasedinIllinois

B.aspokesmanfortheTeenageResearchUnlimited

C.thebaseoftheTeenageResearchUnlimited

D.thecitywherethespendingsurveywascarriedout

46.

Whyresearchersputtreesinextracarbondioxideinthefirststudy?

A.Tolearnwhethertreescanstillabsorbcarbondioxideunderextremeconditions.

B.Togetmoreoxygenfromthesetrees.

C.Toevaluatethemaximumcarbondioxidethattreescanabsorb.

D.Toseethegrowthrateofthesetrees.

47.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Itwasgoingtohaveroughlytheeffectofaneutronbombattackonhighstreetsandshoppingmalls.Thebuildingswouldbeleftstandingbutthepeoplewouldvanish.SuchwasthesuperiorefficiencyofsellingthingsviatheInternetthatbrick-and-mortarstoreswouldbeunabletocompeteonprice,choiceorevenservice.Bookandmusicsellershadalreadybeen"Amazoned".Soonweb-based"category-killers",ineverythingfromtoystopetsupplies,wouldoverwhelmtheirphysical-worldcompetitors.Shopperswouldneverbemorethanamouse-clickfromthebestdeals.Traditionalretailers,terrifiedofcannibalizing(同類相食)salesanddestroyingthevalueoftheirexpensiveproperties,werealreadytoolatetomeetthechallenge."Insomecategories,"saidMaryMeeker,aseer(預(yù)言家)oftheInternetatMorganStanley,"it'salreadygameover."

Theseareconvenientbeliefsforanyonejustifyingsomee-commerceshareprices,buttheyarealreadymostlywrong.Thereasonsshouldsurprisenoone.TheInternetisnotadominanttechnologybutratheranetworkofpeople.Itisarichandhighlyflexiblemeansofcommunicatingthatisrapidlyachievingpervasivenessbecausemoreandmorepeoplefinditeasyandconvenienttouse.Butitisthosepeople'spreferencesthatwillcount;andformostpeople,shoppingismorethanjustameanstoanend.EveniftheInternetprovidedaperfectlyefficientwaytoshopitwouldnotprovideasatisfactoryalternativetothephysicalenjoymentofsniffingaripemelon,say,ortryingonacashmeresweater.

Ofcourse,someproducts,suchasmusicandbanking,canbedistributedelectronicallywithsuccessandcostsaving.Butmostpurchasescannotbereducedtodigitalcode.Anddistributingphysicalgoodsiscumbersome