新概念二冊(cè)lesson4精選課件

NCE-2NewConceptEnglishLesson4AnexcitingtripI.Keywords

exciting,receive,firm,different…II.KeystructuresThepresentperfectsimple現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

keypointsRevision寄，送明信片損壞博物館公共的友好的服務(wù)員借給決定整個(gè)的唯一的sendpostcardspoilspoilt/spoiledmuseumpublicfriendlywaiterlenddecisionwholesingle

Postcardsalways_____myholidays.Lastsummer,Iwentto_____.I_____museumsandsatin______gardens.A_____waitertaughtmeafewwordsof______.Thenhe_____meabook.Ireada______lines,butIdidnot_______aword.EverydayI___________mypostcards.Myholidayspassed________,butIdidnot______cardstomyfriends._____thelastdayI______abig_______.Igotup_____and______thirty-sevencards.I_______the_______dayinmyroom,_____Ididnotwritea_______card!spoilItalyvisitedpublicfriendlyItalianlentfewunderstandthoughtaboutquicklysendOnmadedecisionearlyboughtspentwholebutsingleRevisionNewwordsexcitingadj.令人興奮的excited感到興奮的-ed自己感到interested,bored,relaxed-ing令人感到interesting,boring,relaxinge.g.Iaminterestedinthisbook.

Thisisaninterestingbook.v.接受，收到（客觀的收到）e.g.receivealetter(fromsb.)=hearfromsb收到某人的來(lái)信ThismorningIreceiveabunchofflowers.同義accept同意，接受（主觀）e.g.ThismorningIreceivedabunchofflowersbutIdidn’tacceptit.receivetake接受，收到e.g.taketheexam,takeadviceNewwordsNewwordsfirmn.商行，公司lawfirm法律公司company公司differentadj.不同的——same相同的adv.differently,n.differencee.g.bedifferentfrom/to和....不同Myplan/ideaisdifferent

fromyours.

differencesbetweenA&BNewwordscentren.中心，中央（美式center）adj.central中央的，中心的hecentre(ofspl),centralpark,thecitycentreabroad

adj.在海外的，在國(guó)外的(一般作表語(yǔ)

)同義詞overseas向海外，在海外，在國(guó)外他有生以來(lái)從未到過(guò)國(guó)外。He’sneverbeenabroadinhislife.

adv.在國(guó)外e.g.goabroad,studyabroad

liveabroad,travelabroadQ&AQ:Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?

LeadinQ:Whathappenedtotheman?

Canyouguess?1.HowlonghasTimbeeninAustralia?Listenandanswerthequestion.NewLessonTimhasbeeninAustraliaforsixmonths.2.WhatdoeshedoinAustralia?Heisworkingforabigfirmasanengineer.3.WhyisTimfindingthetripexciting?BecauseTimhasneverbeenabroadbefore.Thisishisfirsttripabroad.NewLessonAnexcitingtrip

Ihavejustreceivedaletterfrommybrother,Tim.HeisinAustralia.Hehasbeenthereforsixmonths.Timisanengineer.HeisworkingforabigfirmandhehasalreadyvisitedagreatnumberofdifferentplacesinAustralia.HehasjustboughtanAustraliancarandhasgonetoAlicesprings,asmalltowninthecentreofAustralia.HewillsoonvisitDarwin.Fromthere,hewillflytoPerth.Mybrotherhasneverbeenabroadbefore,soheisfindingthistripveryexciting.Languagepoints1.Ihavejustreceivedaletterfrommybrother.收到某人來(lái)信2.Heisworkingforabigfirm.getaletterfromsb.havealetterfromsb.hearfromsb.在…上班、任職,還可以用workat/ine.g.Myfatherworksforabusinesscompany.Firm公司=company,lawfirm3.HehasalreadyvisitedagreatnumberofdifferentplacesinAustralia.anumberof+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，number前一般可用large,great,small等形容詞強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量大小。agreat/goodmanyof+可數(shù)名詞agreatamountof+不可數(shù)名詞4.inthecentreof...

researchcentre研究中心

businesscentre商業(yè)中心，營(yíng)業(yè)中心

commercialcentre商業(yè)中心5.

Soon：adv.

shortly;inorwithinashorttimeShe'llsoon/shortlybehere.Soongot,Soongone.來(lái)得容易去得快。6.

trip

n.(短途)旅行,

voyage

n.航程,航海

journeyn.(較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間陸地)旅行,旅程

Takeatripto

Languagepoints7.HehasjustboughtanAustraliancarandhasgonetoAlicesprings.Hehasgonetothesouth.(還在)Hehasbeentothesouth.(去過(guò))8.Heisfindingthistripveryexciting.find+n+adj.覺(jué)得…怎么樣e.g.Ifindthefilmdisppointing.Doyoufindthebookveryinteresting?SummarywritingAnswerthesequestionsinnotmorethan50words.Whathasthewriterjustreceivedfromhisbrother?2.IsTimanengineer,orisheadoctor?3.HowlonghashebeeninAustralia?4.Hashealreadyvisitedmanyplacesornot?5.Whereishenow?6.HasTimeverbeenabroadbeforeornot?7.Isheenjoyinghistripverymuchornot?SummarywritingThewriterhasjustreceivedaletterfromhisbrother,Tim.Timisanengineer.HehasbeeninAustraliaforsixmonths.Hehasalreadyvisitedmanyplaces.NowheisinAliceSprings.Timhasneverbeenabroadbefore.Heisenjoyinghistripverymuch.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)Winter

hasalready

come.Grammar現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成形式

have

done

has助動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞Grammar用來(lái)表示之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，而其結(jié)果卻和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系:動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去,但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在。

Theyhaveleft.--他們已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了,也就是說(shuō)現(xiàn)在他們?nèi)瞬辉谶@里

Ihave

hadmylunch.--我已經(jīng)吃過(guò)午飯了,也就是說(shuō)我現(xiàn)在不餓現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

Hehas

learnedEnglishsince2001.--從2001年開(kāi)始學(xué)的,現(xiàn)在還在繼續(xù)學(xué)著呢nowpastfuture一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的是純粹在過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài),或者發(fā)生在過(guò)去卻對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響Grammar

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的比較

1）一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)為過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響。Isawthisfilmyesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了。）Ihaveseenthisfilm.

(強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）2一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與具體的表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用;現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用或無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):

yesterday,lastweek，…ago,in1990,inOctober,justnow,…--

具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):

for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,recently,…--模糊的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)句子中如有過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞（如yesterday,last,week,in1960）時(shí)，不能使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，要用過(guò)去時(shí)錯(cuò)Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.對(duì)Tom

wrotealettertohisparentslastnight.Grammar3現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的,如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.

一般過(guò)去時(shí)常用的非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。She

joinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.(加入的動(dòng)作不是延續(xù)的)She

hasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears(sincethreeyearsago).(在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù))She

hasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears(sincethreeyearsago).(是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可持續(xù))

Grammar延續(xù)動(dòng)詞表示經(jīng)驗(yàn)、經(jīng)歷；瞬間動(dòng)詞表示行為的結(jié)果,不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。比較延續(xù)動(dòng)詞與瞬間動(dòng)詞

Hehasfinishedthework.他已完成了那項(xiàng)工作。(表結(jié)果)

I’veknownhimsincethen.我從那時(shí)起就認(rèn)識(shí)他了。(表經(jīng)歷)Grammarsince

用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間—“自從……”for用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度—“長(zhǎng)達(dá)……”Ihavelivedhereformorethantwentyyears.

IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.

Myaunthasworkedinacompanysince1949.

Ihavenotheardfrommyuncleforalongtime.比較since和for并非有for作為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Iworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.

(我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。)Ihaveworkedhereformanyyears.

(現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。)GrammarHehasgonetoShanghai.他(已經(jīng))去上海了。HehasbeentoShanghai.他(曾經(jīng))去過(guò)上海。比較have/hasbeento,have/hasgonetoGrammarHedied10yearsago.---He____________for10years/since10yearsago.2.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago.---He________thebookfor2weeks.3.Heboughtthemotorbikeamonthago.---He________themotorbikeforamonth.4.Hearrivedherethreedaysago.---He________heresincethreedaysago.5.Theyturnedoffthelight2hoursago.---Thelight____________for2hours.6.Helefthere2yearsago.---He____________fromherefor2years.7.Thefilmbegan30minutesago.---Thefilm____________for30minutes.8.Theyopenedthedooranhourago.---Thedoor____________foranhour.9.Theyclosedthedooranhourago.---Thedoor____________foranhour.10.Hejoinedthearmylastyear.---He________a____forayear.---He____________thearmyforayear.---It____ayear____hejoinedthearmy.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和瞬間性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化Exercisesumup一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1)構(gòu)成肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/ha