全國職稱外語等級考試試卷衛(wèi)生類A級

洛基英語中國在線英語教育領(lǐng)導(dǎo)品牌

比1洛身國際英語

■ROCKTaintiiMAnoMAi.KIVOLMM

綜合題，請根據(jù)題目給出的內(nèi)容，來回答下面給出的試題。第1部分：詞匯選項

（第1?15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請為每處劃線部分確定1個意義

最為接近的選項。

請根據(jù)上面給出的內(nèi)容，來回答下面的單項選擇題（下列每小題備選答案中，只

有一個符合題意的正確答案。每小題0分，共16題。）1.Withimmenserelief,I

stoppedrunning.

A：Some

B：enormous

C：little

D：extensive

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:2.Thescientistsbegantoaccumulatedata.

A：collect

B：handle

C：analyze

D：investigate

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:3.Jackeventuallyovertookthelasttruck.

A：hit

B：passed

C：reached

D：led

請選擇答案:A:B:C:D:4.Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.

A：possible

B：profitable

C：easy

D：wise

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:5.Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.

A：fact

B：mystery

C：statement

D：game

請選擇答案:A:B:C:D:5.Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.

A：fact

B：mystery

C：statement

D：game

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:6.Thatguyisreallywitty.

A：smart

B：ugly

C：honorable

D：popular

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:7.Theworldchampionsufferedasensationaldefeat.

A：reasonable

B：dramatic

C：humiliating

D：horrifying

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:8.ItseemsthatonlyMaryiseligibleforthejob.

A：prepared

B：trained

C：qualified

D：guided

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:9.Thispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofatowninthe

south.

A：praises

B：writes

C：imitates

D：describes

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:10.Themeaningisstillobscure.

A：vague

B：transparent

C：alien

D：significant

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:11.Dumpedwastemightcontaminatewatersupplies.

A：destroy

B：decrease

C：delay

D：pollute

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:12.OnetheorypostulatesthattheancientFilipinoscame

fromIndiaandPersia.

A：assumes

B：expects

C：predicts

D：considers

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:13.Itisverydifficultforachildtoadheretorules.

A：remember

B：follow

C：understand

D：learn

請選擇答案:A:B:C:D:14.1hopethatIdidn'tdoanythingabsurdlastnight.

A：awkward

B：strange

C：stupid

D：awful

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:15.Thereshouldbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaround

children.

A：forbid

B：advocate

C：inherit

D：withdraw

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16?22題，每題1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該

句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B；如果

該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

SleepProblemsPlaguetheOlderSet

OlderAmericansoftenhavedifficultygettingagoodnight'srest.Itfsahugequalityof

lifeproblem,expertssay,becausecontrarytopopularbelief,seniorsrequireaboutthe

sameamountofsleepasyoungeradults.

"Sleepproblemsandsleepdisordersarenotaninherent（固有的）partofaging,"said

Dr.HarrisonG.Bloom,anassociateclinicalprofessorofgeriatrics（老年病學(xué)）and

medicineattheMountSinaiSchoolofMedicineinNewYorkCity."It'sprettymuch

ofamyththatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyoungerpeople."

Yet,inastudypublishedrecentlyinTheAmericanJournalofMedicine,researchers

foundthatmorethanhalfofolderAmericanshaveproblemsgettingthesleepthey

need.

Olderpeopletendtohave"sleepfragmentation,0meaningtheywakeupmoreoften

duringthenight,saidstudyauthorDr.JulieGammck,anassistantprofessorof

medicineintheDivisionofGeriatricMedicineatSt.LouisUniversity.

Theyalsoseemtogetless"REM"sleep,thetypeofsleepduringwhichrapideye

movementoccurs,Bloomadded.

It'sunclearwhatrolethesenaturallyoccurringchangesinsleeppatternshaveon

person*squalityoflife,Bloomsaid.MWhatisimportant,though,isthatolderpeople

oftenhaveactualsleepdisordersandproblemswithsleep,"hesaid.

And,expertssay,thereisusuallymorethanonecause.

"Sleeptroubleinolderadultsistypicallyassociatedwithacuteandchronicillnesses,

includingspecificsleepdisorderslikesleepapnea（呼吸暫停）andrestlessleg

syndromethatappearwithgreaterfrequencyinolderpopulations/*saidMichaelV.

Vitiello,aprofessorofpsychiatryandbehavioralsciencesandassociatedirectorof

theUniversityofWashington'sNorthwestGeriatricEducationCenter.

Takingmultiplemedications,asmanyolderpeopledo,canalsoleadtofatiguea

"hypersomnia,”orbeingtiredallthetime,Bloomadded.

Anotherbigproblem,henoted,ISdepressionandanxiety."Thoseareverycommonly

associatedwithsleepproblems."

Despitetheprevalence（流行）ofsleepdifficultiesinolderadults,manypatientsaren't

gettingthehelptheyneed.Asaresult,problemslikeinsomnia（失眠）,restlessleg

syndromeandsleepapneaareunder-diagnosedandundertreated,Bloomsaid.

請根據(jù)上面給出的內(nèi)容，來回答下面的單項選擇題（下列每小題備選答案中，只

有一個符合題意的正確答案。每小題0分，共7題）16.Sleepproblemscan

seriouslyaffectone'squalityoflife

A：Right

B：Wrong

C：Notmentioned

請選擇答案:A:B:C:17.itistruethatolderpeopleneedlesssleepthanyounger

people

A：Right

B：Wrong

C：Notmentioned

請選擇答案：A:B:C:18YoungerpeopleinAmericaseldomcomplainofsleep

disorders.

A：Right

B：Wrong

C：Notmentioned

請選擇答案：A:B:C:19.ThenumberofolderAmericanswithsleepproblemsisnot

small.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

請選擇答案：20."Sleepfragmentation"referstoamarkedlackofMREMHsleep

A：Right

B：Wrong

C：Notmentioned

請選擇答案：A:B:C:21.Thecausesofsleepproblemsinolderpeopleremain

unidentified.

A：Right

B：Wrong

C：Notmentioned

請選擇答案：A:B:C:22.ActionswillsoonbetakeninAmericatobetterhelppeople

withsleepproblems

A：Right

B：Wrong

C：Notmentioned

請選擇答案：ABC:第4部分：閱讀理解（第31?45題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個最佳

選項。

第一篇

CentersoftheGreatEuropeanCities

ThecentersofthegreatcitiesofEuropearemeetingplacesbytradition.Peoplegather

theretodrinkcoffeeandchatlateintothenight.Amixtureoflocalsandtouristsmake

foranexciting,metropolitanatmosphere.

Squares,plazas（廣場）andarcades（拱廊）formtheheartofEurope*scities.

VeniceinItalyhasthePiazzaSanMarco-abeautifulsquaresurroundedbyshops,

churches,restaurantsandcafes.InBarcelona,Spain,LaBosqueriaisalivelymarket

withhundredsofstallssellingallkindsofgoods.London'sCoventGardenisfilled

withfruitandvegetablestallsbydayandmusicians,acrobats（雜技演員）andartists

bynight.Thegovernmentbuildingsatthecenterofmanycitiesoftenare

architecturallyimpressive.InLondon,theyserveasabeautifulbackdrop（背景）tothe

coffeetablesthatlinethestreetsandthebanksoftheThames.

Thesevibrant（有活力的）heartsaretheproductofcenturiesofevolution,social

historianJoelGarreautoldUSNewsandWorldReportrecently."Thereasonpeople

thinkVeniceisSOgreattodayisyoudon'tseeallthemistakes,"saidGarreau.nThose

haveallbeenremoved.MMostEuropeancitieswerelaidoutbeforetheinventionof

thecar.SObars,restaurantsandcafeswereneartopeople'shomes.Today,thefocus

ofmanyEuropeans*lifehasmovedawayfromthecenters.Theyliveinthesuburbs

andoutskirts,drivingtosupermarketstogettheirsupplies.Butonacontinentwhere

peopletreasureconvention,therearestillthosewhoholdontotraditionalways,living

andshoppinglocally.Thesepeople,togetherwithtourists,providethecitycenters

withtheirreasonforexistence.

Coffeecultureplaysapartinkeepingthesecitycentersflourishing.Thisis

particularlytrueofPariswhosecitizensarefamousenthusiasticconversationalists.

Thisskillisdevelopedovermanyhoursspentchattingoverespressos（濃咖啡）and

cigarettes.

Religionalsoplaysaroleindevelopingsociableatmosphere.PeopleinRoman

CatholiccountriesusedtovisittheChurchonanalmostdailybasis.Entire

communitieswouldgatherinthesamebuildingandthenmoveouttothemarkets.Caf

esandbarsinthesurroundingstreets.Anenormousexampleofthisrelationship

betweenchurchandsocietyistheDuomo.ThehugemarblecathedralinFlorence,

Italyissurroundedbybakeriesandcoffeeshops,andcatersnotonlytothetourist

crowds,butalsothelocalcommunity.

請根據(jù)上面給出的內(nèi)容，來回答下面的單項選擇題（下列每小題備選答案中，只

有一個符合題意的正確答案。每小題0分共5題。）31.Itcanbeinferredfromthe

firstparagraphthateachbigcityinEurope

A：hasmanylargesquares.

B：hasmanyverymagnificentsky-scrapers.

C：drawstouristsinlargenumberseveryyear.

D：hasacenterwheretouristsmeettheirspouses.

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:32WhichstatementisNOTtrueofCoventGarden?

A：Itiscrowdedwithpeople.

B：ItislocatedinLondon.

C：Itisfilledwithstalls.

D：Itissurroundedbyshops,churches,restaurantsandcaf6s.

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:33.WhydopeoplethinkthatVeniceisSOgreat?

A：Becauseitisafamoustouristattraction.

B：Becauseyoucanreachanywherebyboat.

C：Becauseitiswell-knownforitsmerchants.

D：Becauseallthemistakeshavebeenremoved

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:34.whatareParisiansfamousfor?

A：Theirpursuitofindependence0

B：Theirenthusiasmforconversation：

C：Theirabilitytokeepthecityflourishing.

D：Theirdevotiontodevelopingamultipleculture

請選擇答案:A:B:C:D:35ThewritercitestheDuomointhelastparagraphasan

exampletoillustratethat

A：thereisatightlinkbetweenchurchandsociety.

B：allchurchesaremagnificent.

C：oldchurchesareverypopular.

D：high-risechurchesareimpressive.

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:第二篇

MentalRetardation（智力遲鈍）

Mentalretardationisaconditioninwhichpeoplehavelowerthannormalintelligence

andareunabletofunctionatthelevelexpectedfortheirage.Peoplewithmental

retardationareusuallybornwithit,oritdevelopsearlyintheirlife.Theymayalso

havesomedifficultywithdailylivingskillssuchaslearningtoreadandwriteand

caringforthemselves.

Doctorsandotherprofessionalsdeterminethatapersonhasmentalretardationbased

ontheirintelligenceandhowwelltheycandoeverydayactivities.Intelligenceisthe

abilitytolearnandunderstand.Levelsofintelligencearemeasuredbyspecialtests

calledintelligencetests.Thescoreapersongetsononeofthesetestsgivesa

numerical（數(shù)字的）measureofaperson'sintelligence.Thisiscalledanintelligence

quotient（智商）orIQ.

AnaveragescoreonanIQtestisabout90to110.Apersonwithmentalretardation

willusuallyscorebelow75onanIQtest.

TheIQtestalonedoesnotdeterminewhethersomeoneismentallyretarded.Aperson

mustalsohavetroublewitheverydayactivitiessuchasgeeingdressed,eating,

washing,orlearningbasicreading,writing,andarithmeticskills.

Mentalretardationisnotadiseaseitself.Itcannotbecuredandit'snotcontagious（傳

染的）.Thisconditioncanbecausedbyseveralthingsthatinjurethebrainordon't

allowthebraintodevelopnormally.Manytimeswedon'tknowwhyapersonhas

mentalretardation.

Sometimesitmaybecausedbygenes.Genesarechemicalunitsfoundineverycell

theycarrytheinstructionstelling,cellswhattodo.Sometimes,childrenreceive

abnormalgenesfromtheirparents.

Adefectivegenemayalsodevelopspontaneously.Neitherparentwouldhavepassed

onthegene,butthegenechangesbeforethebabydevelops.

Someotherproblemsthatcancausementalretardationalsohappenbeforeachildis

born.Itisimportantforthebraintodevelopproperlyifachildistohavenormal

intelligence."Planningapregnancyisthemostimportantdecisionmostofuswill

makeinourlifetime.Ahealthylifestyleandgoodmedicalcareshouldbeginbeforea

womanbecomespregnantandcontinuethroughoutthepregnancy,"saysJodiRucquoi,

ageneticcounselorfromConnecticut.Ifawomanabusesalcoholordrugsordoesn't

eatwell,thereisarisktothedevelopingbaby.Also,aprematurebirthorproblems

duringchildbirthcansometimesharmthebaby'sdevelopingbrain.Whilepremature

babiesaregenerallyfine,thereisagreaterchancethattheymayhavemental

retardation.

Insomecases,ayoungchildcandevelopmentalretardationafterbeingsickwitha

seriousinfectionorotherillnessoraftersufferingabadheadinjury.

請根據(jù)上面給出的內(nèi)容，來回答下面的單項選擇題（下列每小題備選答案中，只

有一個符合題意的正確答案。每小題0分，共5題。）36.Achildcanbetakenas

mentallyretardedifheorshe

A：wasbornprematurely.

B：haslowerthannormalintelligence.

C：haslowintelligenceandlowdailylivingskills?

D：hasnormalintelligencebutdifficultiesinlearning

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:37.Apersonofhighintelligencewillprobablyscore

A：above110onanIQtest.

B：110onanIQtest.

C：90onanIQtest.

D：below75onanIQtest.

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:38.WhichOfthefollowingisNOTtrueofmental

retardation?

A：Itisnotcurable.

B：Itsvictimsareusuallybornwithit.

C：Itscausesarenotfullyidentifiedyet.

D：Itcanspreadamongfamilymembers

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:39.WhichisNOTapossiblecauseofmentalretardation?

A：Alcoholordrugabuse.

B：Abnormalgenesfromtheparents,

C：Awell-plannedpregnancy

D：Problemsduringchildbirth.

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:40.Theword"While"inLine4fromthebottomcanbestbe

replacedby

A：Unless

B：Because

C：Since

D：Although.

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:第三篇

ManyOlderDoctorsPlantoPhaseoutTheirPractice

Theresultsofanewsurveyindicatethat48percentofphysiciansbetween50and65

yearsofageareplanningtoreduceorendtheirclinicalpracticeinthenext1to3years.

Thefindingsalsosuggestthatmanyolderphysiciansbelievethattheiryounger

counterpartsdonothavetheworkethictheydo.

Thesurvey,whichwasconductedbyMerrittHawkins&Associates,aTexas-based

physiciansearchandconsultingfirm,suggeststhatmanyolderphysiciansaresimply

unhappywiththechangesthathavetakenplaceinmedicineovertheYears.

"WhenBabyBoomdoctorsenteredmedicinetheyhadcontroloverhowthey

practicedandthefeetheycharged.Buttheruleschangedontheminmid-streamand

nowmanyarelookingforaticketout,"MarkSmith,executivevicepresidentof

MerrittHawkins&Associates,saidinastatement.

"OurstudyistheonlyoneIamawareofthatexaminesthecareerplansof

physiciansinthe50-To-65agegroup.'1Thisagegrouprepresentsmorethanone-third

ofallphysiciansintheU.S.Iftheystopworkinginthecomingyears,itwillhavea

"significantimpact"ontheoverallsupplyofphysicians,SmithtoldReutersHealth.

Theresultsofthesurvey,whichincluded1,170respondents（調(diào)查對象）,showthat

24percentOfolderphysiciansareplanningtoleaveclinicalpracticealltogetherIn

thenext1to3years.Specifically,14percentsaidtheywereplanningonretiring,7

percentsaidtheywerelookingforamedicaljobanon-patientcaresetting,and3

Percentsaidtheywereseekingajobinanon-medicalfield.

Forthosephysiciansnotleavingclinicalpractice,manysaidtheywouldmake

changestoreducethenumberofpatientstheytreat.Forinstance,12percentsaidthey

wouldbeginworkingpart-time,8percentsaidtheyplannedtostoptakingnew

patientsormarkedlyreducetheirpatientload,and4percentexpressedadesireto

workonatemporarybasis.

Whenaskedabouttheworkethicofphysiciansenteringpracticetoday,68percentof

therespondentssaidthattheseyoungerdoctorsarenotasdedicatedorashard

workingasphysicianswhoenteredpractice20tO30yearsago.

Fifty-sevenpercentofolderphysicianssaidtheywouldnotrecommendmedicineasa

careertotheirownchildren.Similarly,44percentsaidtheywouldnotselectmedicine

asacareeriftheywerestartingouttoday.

"Themostominous（不祥的）findingisthataboutonehalfofphysicianssurveyed

planttoeitherabandonpatientcareinthenext1to3years,orsignificantlyreducethe

numberofpatientstheysee,"Smithsaid,"TheU.S.alreadyisfacingawidespread

shortageofphysicians,Shouldolder,"workhorse'physicianschoosetooptoutof

patientcareaccesstomedicalserviceswillbefurtherrestricted.n

請根據(jù)上面給出的內(nèi)容，來回答下面的單項選擇題（下列每小題備選答案中，只

有一個符合題意的正確答案。每小題。分，共5題。）41.WhichisNOTtrueof

physiciansinthe50-to-65agegroupintheU.S.?

A：Theyaremostlybabyboomers.

B：Theyhavenothingtocomplainabout.

C：Manyofthemplantograduallystoptheirpractice.

D：Theyaccountforoverone-thirdofallphysiciansinthecountry.

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:42.Thesurveywasfocusedon

A：thelivingconditionsofolderphysiciansintheU.S.

B：thecareerplansofolderphysiciansintheU.S.

C：theretirementplansofolderphysiciansintheU.S.

D：theachievementsofolderphysiciansintheU,S.

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:43.ManyolderphysiciansintheU.S.viewtheworkethicof

theiryoungercounterparts

A：withappreciation

B：withdisapproval.

C：withjealous

D：withindifference.

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:44.Intheeyesofmanyolderphysicians,medicine

A：comesfirstintheirchoiceofacareerfortheirchildren

B：remainstheirlifelongpursuit.

C：isnotasgoodacareerasitusedtobe.

D：ismoredemandingthanitusedtobe.

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:45Ifmanyolderphysiciansstopworkinginthecomingyears,

Americanswillhave

A：evenlessaccesstomedicalservices.

B：evenbetterpatientcare.

C：ashortageofyoungerphysicians.

D：morejobopportunities.

請選擇答案：A:B:C:D:第6部分：完形填空(第51?65題，每題1分，共15

分)下面的短文有15處空白，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

ManyChildren'sDeathsPreventable:WHO

Overfivemillionchildrendieeachyearfromdisease,infectionsandaccidents

Related-------------(51)theirenvironmentalthoughmanyofthesedeathsarelargely

preventable,saystheWorldHealthOrganization.

OnMonday,theWHOaskedgovernmentsandcitizensaroundtheworldtotake

actiontocreatehealthy-------------(52)forchildrenasitcelebratedWorldHealth

Day.

"Thebiggestthreatstochildren'shealthlurk(潛藏)inthevery----------(53)that

shouldbesafest-home,schoolandcommunity,saidDr.GroHarlemBrundtland

director-generaloftheWHOattheday'slaunchinNewDelhi,India.

"Everychildhastherightto----------(54)upinahealthyhomeschooland

community.Thefuturedevelopmentofourchildren—andoftheirworld-dependson

---------(55)enjoyinggoodhealthnow.Wehavetheirfutureinour----------(56)Now

wemustworkmoreeffectivelytogetherto----------(57)therisksfromthe

environmentwhichourchildrenface,"Brundtlandsaid.

Thisyear'stheme,"HealthyEnvironmentsforChildren"focusesonthemanydangers

---------(58)bychildreninandaroundtheplaceswheretheyliveandplay.

Theseincludeinadequateaccesstosafe---------(59)waterandsanitation(衛(wèi)生設(shè)備),

insectbornediseases,airpollution,chemicalhazardsandinjuriesfromtraffic,foils,

burnsanddrownings.

Communitiesaroundtheworldorganizedeventstopromoteawarenesso