20212021學(xué)年高考英語(yǔ)一輪溫習(xí)周末培優(yōu)（第15周）生態(tài)環(huán)保類（含解析）新人教版

生態(tài)環(huán)保類閱讀理解（測(cè)試時(shí)間：40分鐘，總分：60分）班級(jí)： 姓名： 座號(hào)： 得分： I.單項(xiàng)填空（每小題1分，共10分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.—Nancydoesn’tlookverywell.What’swrongwithher?—Shehasaterribleheadachebecauseshe toolong.Sheshouldstoptohaveagoodrest.A.hasbeenworking B.hadworkedC.isworking D.wasworking【答案】A2.Expertswarnthatglobalwarmingwillcauseextremeclimatechangesincludingmore floods,heatwavesanddroughts.A.usual B.ordinaryC.frequent D.common【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：專家警告說(shuō)，全世界變暖致使氣候的轉(zhuǎn)變包括頻繁的洪災(zāi)，熱浪和干旱。A.usual通常的；B.ordinary平常的，普通的；C.frequent頻繁的；D.common常見(jiàn)的。故選C。3.—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothenearestWenfengSupermarket?—OK.It’stwoblocksstraightahead.You missit.A.can’t B.mustn’tC.needn’t D.wouldn’t【答案】A【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：——您好，能告知我如何才能到最近的文峰超市？——好的，就在前面兩個(gè)街區(qū)，你不會(huì)錯(cuò)過(guò)的。can't表示有把握的否定推測(cè)，表示“不可能"；Mustn't表示“禁止，萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不能”；needn't不需要；shouldn't不該該。故選A。4-Whynottalkwithyourparentsaboutyourwillingnesstoattend2021PekingUniversitySummerCamp?—Itriedtogetthemtolistentome.A.intime B.invainC.inneed D.incase【答案】B【解析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：一一為何不告知你的父母關(guān)于你想?yún)⒓?021北京大學(xué)夏令營(yíng)的事？一一我試著說(shuō)服讓他們聽(tīng)我的，但沒(méi)用。A.intime及時(shí)；B.invain白搭地；徒勞無(wú)益地；無(wú)效果的；C.inneed需要；D.incase假使，萬(wàn)一。1HowdidyoufindyourtriptoWaterParkinthesummerof2021?—Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.ItwasthanIexpected.A.evenmuchinteresting B.farmoreinterestingC.sofarinteresting D.farfrominteresting【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞。按照后面的“thanIexpected”可知，此處運(yùn)用比較級(jí)moreinteresting,而far可以修飾比較級(jí)。故選B。heisrememberedforishishumorousstylewhenheistalking.A.Where B.ThatC.What D.How【答案】C【解析【考查連詞。本句運(yùn)用了主語(yǔ)從句f面從句中介詞缺少賓語(yǔ)，要用喇面。A.Where引起主語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)；艮T1面引起主語(yǔ)從句，在從句中不作成份；C叫引起主語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，宜語(yǔ)等成份；引起主語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作方式狀語(yǔ)，故選C，.--DoyoumindifIgooutthisevening?—Idon'tmindwhatyoudoyouletmeknowaheadoftime.A.eversince B.incaseC.aslongas D.eventhough【答案】C【解析】考查連詞。A-eversinoe自從j引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句$BTiiwse萬(wàn)一,引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句§C.5Slong"只要，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；D-evanthcugli即使，弓I導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句口第二句句意：我不介意你做什么，只要你提前讓我知道口故選C..Withoutourteam'sgreateffort,theartexhibitionlastweeksuchagreatsuccess.A.wouldn'tbe B.won'tbeC.wouldn'thavebeen D.won'thavebeen【答案】C【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：如果沒(méi)有咱們團(tuán)隊(duì)的極大盡力，上周咱們的展覽就不會(huì)是這樣的成功。本句運(yùn)用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，按照l(shuí)astweek可知，是對(duì)故去事情的推測(cè)，句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would/couldhavedone…故選C。.Marywaspleasedtoseethattheseedssheinthegardenweregrowing.A.wasplanting B.hasplantedC.wouldplant D.hadplanted【答案】D【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：瑪麗高興地看到她在花園里種的種子正在生長(zhǎng)。定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生于主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選D。.hislove,Chrissenthismomathank-younoteonMother'sDay.A.Expressing B.ExpressedC.Toexpress D.Havingexpressed【答案】C【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)。句意：為了表達(dá)他的愛(ài)，在母親節(jié)這一天，Chris給他的媽媽送了一張感激卡。此處運(yùn)用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故選C。.閱讀理解（每小題2.5分，共10分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。SincethefirstEarthDayin1970,Americanshavegottenalot""greener"towardtheenvironment（環(huán)境）.“Wedidn'tknowatthattimethatthereevenwasanenvironment,letalonethattherewasaproblemwithit,“saysBruceAnderson,presidentofEarthDayUSA.Butwhatbeganasnothingimportantinpublicaffairshasgrownintoasocialmovement.Businesspeople,politicalleaders,universityprofessors,andespeciallymillionsofgrass-rootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement."Theunderstandinghasincreasedmany,manytimes,saysGaylordNelson,theformergovernorfromWisconsin,whothoughtupthefirstEarthDay.AccordingtoUSgovernmentreports,emissions（排放）fromcarsandtruckshavedroppedfrom10.3milliontonsayearto5.5milliontons.ThenumberofcitiesproducingCObeyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.Althoughseriousproblemsstillremainandneedtobedealtwith,theworldisasaferandhealthierplace.Akindof"greenthinking"hasbecomepartofpractices.Greatimprovementhasbeenachieved.In1988therewereonly600recycling（回收利用）programs;todayin1995thereareabout6,600.Advancedlights,motors,andbuildingdesignshavehelpedsavealotofenergyandthereforepreventedpollution.Twenty-fiveyearsago,therewerehardlyanyeducationprogramsforenvironment.Today,it'shardtofindapublicschool,university,orlawschoolthatdoesnothavesuchakindofprogram."Untilwedothat,nothingelsewillchange!"saysBruceAnderson..AccordingtoAnderson,before1970,Americanshadlittleideaabout .A. thesocialmovement B. recyclingtechniquesC. environmentalproblems D. theimportanceofEarthDay.Wheredoesthesupportforenvironmentalprotectionmainlycomefrom?A. Thegrass-rootslevel. B. Thebusinesscircle.C. Governmentofficials. D. Universityprofessors..WhathaveAmericansachievedinenvironmentalprotection?Theyhavecutcaremissionstothelowest.Theyhavesettledtheirenvironmentalproblems.TheyhaveloweredtheirCOlevelsinfortycities.Theyhavereducedpollutionthrougheffectivemeasures..Whatisespeciallyimportantforenvironmentalprotectionaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Education. B.Planning.C.Greenliving. D.COreduction.【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹環(huán)保意識(shí)在美國(guó)從無(wú)到有，逐漸增強(qiáng)，環(huán)保教育勢(shì)在必行。.C 1解析烤查細(xì)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第一段第二句"Wedidn'tknowatthatnmethatthereevenwas皿environmentletalonethattherewasaproblemwith卅，得知1970年以，前美國(guó)人對(duì)環(huán)境問(wèn)題所知甚少口.A［解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解o依據(jù)第二段第二句中的"especiallymillionsofgrass-rooteAmericarisaretakingpartinthemovement"得知，數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的草根美國(guó)人才是支持環(huán)保的中流砥柱。.D 【解析】考查推理判斷。依據(jù)第二段后半部份推斷，美國(guó)政府多管齊下，污染問(wèn)題大為減緩。A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在lowest,B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在havesettled，C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在forty。.A【解析】考查推理判斷。依據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容推斷，環(huán)保意識(shí)教育相當(dāng)重要?！比伺c自然和諧發(fā)展”是時(shí)代的主題，生態(tài)環(huán)保的話題也越來(lái)越多地出現(xiàn)在新試題中。在命題方面有以下趨勢(shì)：.題材：強(qiáng)調(diào)人與自然和諧發(fā)展。.選材：關(guān)注人、自然的生態(tài)現(xiàn)狀和未來(lái)發(fā)展。.命題：形式多樣，突出整體理解，合理推斷。III.完形填空（每小題1分，共20分）閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Tenyearsago,adoctortoldmesomethingwaswrongwithmylungandIhadtogiveupworkatonceandwenttobed.Iwastotally1andfeltIwassuddenlyplacedunder2ofdeathwithanindefinitereprieve（緩刑）.Aftercarefulthought,I3myaffairs;thenIwenthomeandgotintobed.But2yearslater,Ileftmybedand4thelongclimbback.Itwasanotheryear5Imadeit.Ispeakofthisexperiencebecausethesepastyearshave6mewhattovalueandwhattobelieve.I7nowthatthisworldisnotmyoyster（牡蠣）tobeopenedbutmy8tobegrasped.I'vealsolearnedthatit'snecessaryto9thoselittle,all-importantthingsIneverthoughtIwould10before:themusicofthewindinmyfavoritepinetree,the11ofsunlightonrunningwater.Iseemnow,withsomeofthe12freshnessofchildhood,tohearandsee.Howwell,13,IrecallthetouchoftheearththedayIfirststeppeduponitaftertheyearsinbed.Itwaslike14one'scitizenshipinaworldonehadnearlylost.Frequently,I15myselfthatIneedmakenotesofthis16I'mlivinginnow,becauseinitI'mwell,17,doingwhatIlikebest.Itwon'talwaysbelikethis,18I'llmakethemostofitandbegrateful.I19allthistothatlongtimespentinbed.Wiserpeople

cometothis20withouthavingtoacquireitthehardway.ButIwasn'twiseenough.I'mwisernow,alittle,andhappier.I.A.confusedB.shockedC.inspiredD.annoyed2.A.trialB.pressureC.sentenceD.control3.A.madeupB.setupC.tookupD.clearedup4.A.recalledB.beganC.avoidedD.accepted5.A.whenB.afterC.sinceD.before6.A.assignedB.taughtC.treatedD.assured7.A.admitB.demand C.expectD.realize8.A.knowledgeB.opportunity C.attentionD.point9.A.dismissB.list C.define D.appreciate10.A.noticeB.record C.remember D.trackII.A.shadowB.shake C.play D.feeling12.A.damagedB.recoveredC.fadedD.changed13.A.incontrastB.inreturn C.forinstanceD.bychance14.A.maintainingB.regainingC.discoveringD.forgetting15.A.remindB.promise C.advise D.convince16.A.countryB.moment C.memory D.inspiration17.A.pleasedB.courageousC.confidentD.strong18.A.meanwhileB.otherwise C.however D.therefore19.A.applyB.owe C.contribute D.adapt20.A.awarenessB.agreement C.comment D.compromise【文章大意】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。一場(chǎng)重病讓作者明白了什么是人生中最重要的東西。因此他對(duì)自己當(dāng)下所擁有的倍加珍惜，并心存感激。1.B根據(jù)上文中的"Tenyeaisago;&doctortoldmesometliiiigwaswrongwithmylungandIhadto5iveupworkatonce3rdwenttobed"可知,當(dāng)被告知自己的肺部出了問(wèn)題且不得不立即放棄工作臥床休息時(shí)作者感到非常震驚(locked).co血ed”困惑的，inspired”品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀的，?iioyetl"惱怒的％2.C作者突然感覺(jué)自己仿佛是被判了死緩一樣。按照語(yǔ)境尤其是下文的"withanindefinitereprieve(緩刑)”可知，此處應(yīng)選sentence”宣判，判刑”。undersentenceofdeath”被判處死刑”。3.D仔細(xì)思考以后，作者把手頭的事務(wù)處置掉，然后回家了。按照上文中的"Ihadtogiveupworkatonceandwenttobed”可知，clearup”解決，清理"符合語(yǔ)境。makeup”組成，編造"；setup"設(shè)立"；takeup”開(kāi)始從事，占據(jù)”。4.B兩年后，作者離開(kāi)了病床，開(kāi)始808@通了漫長(zhǎng)的重回之前的生活狀態(tài)的"攀登"。recall"回憶起”；avoid”避免"；accept”接受“。.D過(guò)了一年，作者就做到了。Itwas/is+一段時(shí)間+before...是固定句型，意為"過(guò)了……才/就……”。.B作者談及這段經(jīng)歷是因?yàn)槟切┻^(guò)去的歲月教會(huì)(taught)Y作者應(yīng)該珍惜什么，相信什么。assign”分派，分派"；treat"招待"；assure”使確信”。.D此刻作者意識(shí)到(realize)這個(gè)世界不是等待他去打開(kāi)的牡蠣，而是需要他去抓住的機(jī)緣。admit”承認(rèn)"；expect”期待，期望”。.B參見(jiàn)上題解析。grasptheopportunity"抓住機(jī)緣”，是固定搭配。knowledge”知識(shí)"；attention”注意力”；point”觀點(diǎn)”。g口作者也學(xué)會(huì)了欣賞Spprs的那些不起眼的但卻很重要的東西,而作者之前從未想過(guò)自己會(huì)去注意這些東西口dismiss1?不予理會(huì)，不予考慮'list”列舉匕define,^……下定義，解釋％.A參見(jiàn)上題解析*期疝才注意到"；record"記錄"；remember""記得btrack"跟蹤%.C根據(jù)上文中的"flicmusicofthewindinmyfavoritepinetree"和"F文中的"Iseemnow...to116alandsec"可知,此處指的應(yīng)是作者以前不會(huì)注意到的東西0p]ay"輕快變幻的動(dòng)作,閃爍)tiepkyofsunlightonwater"陽(yáng)光在水面上的閃爍%12.B作者從頭找回了童年時(shí)期看待事物的新鮮感。recovered”從頭取得的，從頭找到的"，符合語(yǔ)境。.C比如，回憶起自己臥床兩年后從頭踏上這片土地的感覺(jué)有多好。forinstance”比如，例如”，符合語(yǔ)境。incontrast"相反"；inreturn”作為回報(bào)”；bychance”偶然地”。.B這就像在一個(gè)差點(diǎn)失去的世界中從頭取得公民身份一樣。regain”從頭取得"和下文的"lost”相對(duì)應(yīng)。maintain”維持"；discover”發(fā)現(xiàn)"；forget”忘記”。.A作者常常提示自己要記下這個(gè)自己此刻生活的時(shí)刻，因?yàn)榛钤诖丝?，作者是健康且快?lè)的，而且能做自己最喜歡做的事情。remind”提示"，符合語(yǔ)境。promise”許諾，允諾”；convince”使相信”。.B參見(jiàn)上題解析。moment"時(shí)刻"；inspiration"靈感”。.Apleased”快樂(lè)的，高興的"；courageous”勇敢的"；confident”自信的"；strong”頑強(qiáng)的“。下文中的"I'mwisernow,alittle,andhappier”亦是提示。.D它不會(huì)老是如這般存在，因此作者會(huì)充分利用它并心存感激。上下文之間是因果關(guān)系，故用therefore。meanwhile”與此同時(shí)"；otherwise"不然"；however"但是"。.B作者將這一切都?xì)w功于他臥病在床的那段漫長(zhǎng)光陰。owe...to...〃把……歸功于……〃，是固定用法。.A更有智慧的人無(wú)需被困到如此地步也能明白這些道理。awareness"意識(shí)，明白"符合語(yǔ)境。compromise"妥協(xié)"。IV.語(yǔ)法填空(每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Inthelate19thcentury,Europechangedagreatdealfromamostlyagriculturalsocietytoamostly1(industry)one.Manypeoplemovedfromthecountrysidetothenewcities.Thereweremanynewinventionsand 2(society)changes.Naturally,thesechangesalso3(lead)tonewpaintingstyles.Amongthepainters4(break)awayfromthetraditionalstyleofpainting5theImpressionists,wholivedandworkedinParis.TheImpressionistswerethefirstpainterstoworkoutdoors.Theywereeagertoshowhowlightandshadowfell6objectsatdifferenttimesofday.7,becausenaturallightchangessoquickly,theImpressionistshadtopaintquickly.Theirpaintingswerenotas8(detail)asthoseofearlierpainters.Atfirst,manypeopledislikedthisstyleofpaintingandbecamevery9(anger)aboutit.Theysaidthatthepainterswere10(care)andtheirpaintingswereridiculous.【文章大意】文章介紹歐洲16世紀(jì)末期，從農(nóng)業(yè)化生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)變成工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)，其他一些事情也發(fā)生著轉(zhuǎn)變，出現(xiàn)了印象派繪畫(huà)。1.industrial【解析】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知這里用agricultural的反義詞”工業(yè)的Z故短irdMrisl口Asocial【解析】修飾名詞clmges用soriety的形容詞◎故填sockK3led【解析】這篇女章的時(shí)間是IntfaelatE19thcentury用一般過(guò)去時(shí)=■故埴led^4.whobroke/breaking【解析】thepainters后面是定語(yǔ)，可以用定語(yǔ)從句，用who引導(dǎo)，謂語(yǔ)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，若是用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)，用此刻分詞，因?yàn)閠hepainters和breakawayfrom是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填whobroke/breaking。5.were【解析】這句話是倒裝句，主語(yǔ)是theImpressionists，be動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，而且文章利用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填were。6.on【解析】詞組fallon落在……上。故填on。7.However【解析】按照下文“becausenaturallightchangessoquickly,theImpressionistshadtopaintquickly.”（因?yàn)樽匀还廪D(zhuǎn)變太快，所以這些印象派畫(huà)家不能不快速地畫(huà)畫(huà)），和上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。因?yàn)闄M線后有逗號(hào)，所以用副詞。故填However。detailed【解析】注…進(jìn)號(hào)口……一樣、之間用形容詞或副詞原形，因?yàn)檫@里作這句話的表語(yǔ),用形容詞的原形口故填detailedo.angry【解析】詞組及argryabout對(duì) 很生氣口故填angry>lOcaielesr根據(jù)下文飛出paintingswereridiculous.何如這里想表達(dá)：這些畫(huà)冢是粗k的口故埴carekss口V.短文改錯(cuò)（每小題1分，共10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間互換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（八），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均限一詞；.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Once,whenlwasateenager,myfatherandlwerestandinginlinetobuyticketsforthecircus.Finally,therewasonlyonefamilyamongusandtheticketcounter.Thisfamilymadedeepimpressiononme.Therewereeightchildren,bothprobablyundertheageoftwelve.Youcouldtelltheydidn'thavealotofmoney.Theirclotheswasnotexpensive,andtheywereclean.Thechildrenwerewell-behaved,allofusstandinginline,two-by-twobehindtheirparents,heldhands.Theywereexcitedlytalkingabouttheclowns,elephantsandanotherperformanceswherethattheywouldseethatnight.Everyonecouldsensetheyhaveneverbeentothecircusbefore.【答案】O