初一英語閱讀理解專題一教案

-.z閱讀理解專題一適用學(xué)科英語適用年級初二適用區(qū)域全國課時時長120分鐘知識點閱讀理解三大題型：細(xì)節(jié)事實題、主旨大意題、推理判斷題。教學(xué)目標(biāo)使學(xué)生掌握閱讀理解題型的做題方法教學(xué)重點閱讀理解題解題方法教學(xué)難點閱讀理解題型的文章理解教學(xué)過程復(fù)習(xí)預(yù)習(xí)你在初中階段學(xué)過哪些閱讀理解解題方法.二、知識講解體裁分析能力論述文的閱讀難在這種文章處處都滲透作者的個人觀點、態(tài)度。閱讀論述文應(yīng)該從文體的寫作和構(gòu)造特點入手.文章的構(gòu)造往往容易把握，用主題句開門見山。作者往往通過信號詞(signalwords或transitionalwords)和關(guān)聯(lián)詞(referents來組織段落、文章.對信號詞的迅速反響和對關(guān)聯(lián)詞的準(zhǔn)確判斷是至關(guān)重要的；要特別注意區(qū)分作者的觀點與文章里所提到的人物的觀點，同時注意作者所使用的表示贊同、反對等感情色彩的詞匯。分析題干能力細(xì)節(jié)類問題的命題方式有以下幾種：1)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtotheinformationinthepassage?2)Theauthormentionsallofthefollowinge*cept...3)Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?4)Thewritermentionsalloftheitemslistedbelowe*cept______.

5)Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?6)Whatisthee*ampleof...asdescribedinthepassage?7)Thereasonfor...is...8)Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,etc.)...9)Fromthepassageweknowthat______.10)Inthepassage,theauthorstatesthat______.細(xì)節(jié)理解題：細(xì)節(jié)理解題就是我們常見的wh-題，它們大多是根據(jù)文章中的具體信息如事實、例證、原因、過程、論述等進(jìn)展提問的。有些問題可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些則要我們在理解的根底上將有關(guān)容系統(tǒng)化才能找到，比方計算、排序、是非判斷、圖形比較等。做此類題的方法一般是先用尋讀法找出與問題相關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對相關(guān)的局部進(jìn)展細(xì)讀，找出正確答案。主旨大意題的提問方式有以下幾種：1〕Thegeneral/mainideaofthepassageisabout____．2〕Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthethemeofthepassage.3〕Inthispassagetheauthordiscussesprimarily____．4〕Thepassageismostlyabout____．5〕Thepassageismainlyconcernedabout____．6〕Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage.7〕Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage.8〕Thesubjectdiscussedinthiste*tis_____9〕Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto…10〕Thepassageismeantto….11〕Thepurposeofthisarticleisto…有關(guān)推理的試題常常包括以下類型：1)Itcanbeinferredfromthete*tthat______.2)Fromthete*tweknowthat______.3)Thestoryimpliesthat______.4)Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe___.5)Thewriter’sattitudetoward...is______.6)Theauthorimplied〔suggested〕that．．．7)Itmaybeconcludedfromthepassagethat．．．8)Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesthepassagesupport.9)Withwhichofthefollowingdoestheauthoragree.考作者觀點態(tài)度的提問方式有：1)Theauthorseemstothinkthat______.

2)Thewriteristryingtopresentapointofviewin______.

3)Theauthorwantstoappealto_______.

4)Theauthor’sstyleis______.

5)Theauthor’stonewouldbebestdescribedas_______.

6)Whatistheauthor’sopinionof______?7)Thewriterbelievethat________?8)Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinthepassage?9〕Intheauthor'sopinion_________?推斷題1.解推斷題應(yīng)注意：(1)不能以自己的觀點代替作者的觀點；(2)推理的根據(jù)來自于上下文。2.解推斷題的方法：解推斷題最主要的方法是根據(jù)詞義關(guān)系推斷具體細(xì)節(jié)。確定作者態(tài)度，可以有兩種思路：1、問全文主體事物的(包括主題)，可以根據(jù)闡述主題或有關(guān)主體事物的相關(guān)句中的形容詞、副詞或動詞確定作者的態(tài)度；2、如果問的是對*一具體事物的態(tài)度，則可以定位到具體相關(guān)句，然后確定答案。例題精析InvitedbyMr.YeHui*ian,hostofthewellreceivedTVprogramme“StarsTonight〞，MissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991，appearedastheguesthostessontheShanghaiTVscreenlastSunday.BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysi*yearsold，LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However，itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVStation.“It’sreallyahardjobforme.Iwon’tenterforsuchcompetitionanymore.Anyhow,Iamquitelucky.IamalsogladtohavehadmorechancetoworkforthesocialwelfaresinceIwonthetitle.Thistime,inShanghai,I'dlovetomakeadeepimpressiononmyTVaudience,"saidLuoLinwithasweetsmile.Q：WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongKongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.解析：A、C和D都可在原文找到答案，而B項原文列的是：takentoHongKong可判斷不是movedtoHongKongwithherparents，因此選B。E*ample2Onedayamanwalkedintoapetshopandsaidtotheshopassistant，“Ineedtwosmallmiceandaboutfivedozenroaches(蟑螂)andtwospiders.〞“Whatdoyouneedthesethingsfor?〞theshopassistantwasverysurprised.“Well，〞repliedtheman，“I’mmovingoutofmyapartmentandthelandlordinsiststhatIshouldleavethehouseine*actlythesameconditionasIfoundit.〞Q：Thepassagesuggeststhatwhenthewritermovedintothehouse,itwas______.A.verycleanB.justcleanedbythelandlordC.tidyandcomfortableD.dirtyandfullofinsects解析：他要搬出所租的房子，而房東要求房屋必須是他租進(jìn)來時的原樣，所以他須買些老鼠和蟑螂等昆蟲對房屋進(jìn)展“恢復(fù)〞，因此推出答案為D。E*ample3Somepeopleareneverright.Theyneverhavegoodluck.Theyusuallydothewrongthingandsaythewrongthing.AndevenifwhattheysayordoisOK，theyasarulesayitordoitatthewrongtime.Sothesepeoplealwayshaveproblems.Theyoftenbreakdishes.Theysometimesmissbusesandairplanes.Mr.Neffisdifferent.Heisalwaysright.Heisneverwrong.Heusuallyhasgoodluck.Heseldomhasproblems.Heneverbreaksdishes.Henevermissesbusesorairplanes.Evenifhedoesmissthem，itisalwaysthefaultofthebusesorairplanes.Mr.Neffknowsalmosteverything.Hedoesn’taskquestions；heanswersquestions.Heneversays，“Idon’tknow.〞Q：Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriter’sattitudetoMr.Neff? A.HefindsMr.Neffhardtounderstand. B.HethinksMr.Neffwonderful. C.HefeelspityforMr.Neff. D.HedoesnotlikeMr.Neff.解析：從作者的語氣中我們可以體會他的態(tài)度，特別是Evenifhedoesmissthem，itisalwaysthefaultofthebusesortheairplanes.誤了車或飛機(jī)本該是人的失誤怎能歸咎于車或飛機(jī)呢.明顯是譏諷，也是暗示他對Mr.Neff的討厭之情。答案為D。四、課堂運用閱讀理解·“老〞字趣談每個國家都有各自的文化習(xí)慣，而這種文化上的差異往往會引起一定的誤會，不過只要熟悉對方的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣做到入鄉(xiāng)隨俗，一切就OK啦！WhenmyfamilymovedtoAmericain2021fromasmallvillageinGuangdong,China,webroughtnotonlyourluggage,butalsoourvillagerules,customsandculture.Oneoftherulesisthatyoungpeopleshouldalwaysrespect(尊敬)elders.Unluckily,thisruleledtomyveryfirstembarrassmentintheUnitedStates.Ihadapart-timejobasawaiterinaChineserestaurant.Onetime,whenIwasservingfoodtoamiddle-agedcouple,thewifeaskedmehowthefoodcouldbeservedsoquickly.ItoldherthatIhadmadesuretheygottheirfoodquicklybecauseIalwaysrespecttheelderly.AssoonasIsaidthat,herfaceshowedgreatdispleasure.Mymanager,whohappenedtohearwhatIsaid,tookmeasideandgavemealonglectureabouthowsensitive(敏感)Americansareandhowtheydislikethedescription“old〞.Ithenwalkedbacktothetableandapologizedtothewife.Afterthecoupleheardmyreason,theyunderstoodthattheproblemwascausedbyculturaldifferences,sotheylaughedandwerenolongerangry.InmyvillageinChina,peopleareproudofbeingold.Notsomanypeoplelivetobeseventyoreighty,andpeoplewhoreachsuchanagehavethemostknowledgeande*perience.Youngpeoplealwaysrespectolderpeoplebecausetheyknowtheycanlearnfromtheirriche*perience.However,intheUnitedStates,peoplethink“growingold〞isaproblemsince“old〞showsthatapersonisgoingtoretireorthatthebodyisnotworkingwell.Heremanypeopletrytokeepthemselvesawayfromgrowingoldbydoinge*ercisesorjogging,andwomenputonmakeup,hopingtolookyoung.WhenItoldthecoupleintherestaurantthatIrespecttheelderly,theygotangrybecausethiscausedthemtofeeltheyhadfailedtostayyoung.Ihadtoldthemsomethingtheydidn’twanttohear.Afterthat,IchangedthewayIhadbeenwitholderpeople.ItisnotthatIdon’trespectthemanymore;Istillrespectthem,butnowIdon’tshowmyfeelingsthroughwords.ByJack根據(jù)以上短文容，然后從每題所給的四個選項中選擇最正確選項。1.Jackbroughtthecoupletheirfoodveryfastbecause_______.A.themanageraskedhimtodosoB.herespectedtheelderlyC.thecouplewantedhimtodosoD.hewantedmorepay2.WhenJackcalledthecouple“elderly〞,theybecame_______.A.nervous

B.satisfiedC.unhappyD.e*cited3.InJack’shometown,_______.A.peopledislikebeingcalled“old〞B.peopleareproudofbeingoldC.manypeoplereachtheageofseventyoreightyD.theelderlyarethefirsttogetfoodinrestaurants4.Afterthise*perience,Jack_______.A.losthisjobintherestaurantB.madefriendswiththecoupleC.nolongerrespectedtheelderlyD.changedhiswaywitholderpeople5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.ThemoreJacke*plained,theangrierthecouplegot.B.Jackwantedtoshowhisfeelingsthroughwordsafterhise*perience.C.Themanagerwentbacktothetableandapologizedtothecouple.D.Fromthise*perience,JacklearnedmoreaboutAmericanculture.英語閱讀理解·Jean的網(wǎng)友QQ聊天對我們來說并不陌生，但是該不該完全相信網(wǎng)友呢.我們終究該以怎樣的心態(tài)對待網(wǎng)絡(luò)呢.讓我們來看看本文主人公與網(wǎng)友的奇遇吧！Jeanisabrightyoungwomanwhocomesfromarichandfamousfamily.Shegoestoagooduniversityandhaseverythingthatmoneycanbuy.Well,almosteverything.TheproblemisthatthepeopleinJean’sfamilyaresobusythattheycanhardlyfindtimetobewithher.Infact,Jeanisquitelonely.SoJeanspendsalotoftimeonherQQ.Shelikesbeinganonymous(匿名),talkingtopeoplewhodonotknowaboutherfamousfamilyandherrichlife.SheusesthenameLindaonQQandhasmadealotoffriendswhoshekeepsintouchwithquiteoften.LastyearJeanmadeaveryspecialfriendonQQ.HisnamewasDavidandlivedinSanFrancisco.Davidwasfullofstoriesandjokes.HeandJeanhadacommon(共同的)interestinrockmusicandmoderndance.SoitalwaystookthemhourstotalkhappilyonQQandsometimestheyevenforgottheirtime.Ofcourse,theywantedtoknowmoreabouteachother.Davidsentapictureofhimself:Hewasatall,good-lookingyoungmanwithabig,happysmile.Astimewentby,theybecamegoodfriendsandoftensentcardsandsmallthingstoeachother.WhenJean’sfathertoldherthathewasgoingonabusinesstriptoSanFrancisco,sheaskedhimtolethergowithhimsothatshecouldgiveDavidasurpriseforhisbirthday.ShewouldtakehimthelatestDVDoftheirfavoriterocksinger.ButwhensheknockedonDavid’sdoorinSanFrancisco,shefoundthatherspecialfriendwasatwelve-year-oldboynamedJim!根據(jù)以上短文容，然后從每題所給的四個選項中選擇最正確選項。1.JeanspendsalotofhertimeonQQbecausesheis_______.A.richB.famousC.youngD.lonely2.Jeanthought“David〞wasspecialbecausehe_______.A.madeherquitehappyonQQ

B.wasfromSanFranciscoC.sentherapictureofhimself

D.wastallandgood-looking3.WhenJeanand“David〞metandintroducedthemselvestoeachother,whofeltsurprised?A.“David〞.

B.Both“David〞andJean.C.Jean.

D.Neither“David〞norJean.4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Don’tbelievethoseyougettoknowonQQsoeasily.B.Peopledon’tusetheirrealnamesonQQsooften.C.Don’tgotomeetthoseyougettoknowonQQ.D.PeopleshouldtelltheirrealnamestoothersonQQ.課程小結(jié)課后作業(yè)英語閱讀·一輩子的朋友朋友與你相互嬉鬧，朋友與你互掏腰包；朋友與你互相惦記，朋友與你心有靈犀；朋友與你有苦共擔(dān)，朋友與有樂同歡……請讀讀這篇真摯的友情故事。LindaEvanswasmybestfriend—likethesisterIneverhad.Wedideverythingtogether:pianolessons,movies,swimming,horsebackriding.WhenIwas13,myfamilymovedaway.LindaandIkeptintouchthroughletters,andwesaweachotheronspecialtime—likemywedding(婚禮)andLinda’s.Soonwewerebusywithchildrenandmovingtonewhomes,andwewrotelessoften.OnedayacardthatIsentcameback,stamped“Address(地址)Unknown.〞IhadnoideahowtofindLinda.Overtheyears,ImissedLindaverymuch.Iwantedtoshare(分享)happinessofmychildrenandthengrandchildren.AndIneededtosharemysadnesswhenmybrotherandthenmotherdied.TherewasanemptyplaceinmyheartthatonlyafriendlikeLindacouldfill.OnedayIwasreadinganewspaperwhenInoticedaphotoofayoungwomanwholookedverymuchlikeLindaandwhoselastnamewasWagman—Linda’smarriedname.“TheremustbethousandsofWagmans,〞Ithought,butJstillwrotetoher.Shecalledassoonasshegotmyletter.“MrsTobin!〞shesaide*citedly,“LindaEvansWagmanismymother.〞MinuteslaterIheardavoicethatIknewverymuch,evenafter40years,laughedandcriedandcaughtuponeachother’slives.Nowtheemptyplaceinmyheartisfilled.Andthere’sonethingthatLindaandIknowforsure:Wewon’tloseeachotheragain!根據(jù)以上短文容，然后從每題所給的四個選項中選擇最正確選項。1.ThewriterwenttopianolessonswithLindaEvans_______.A.attheageof13B.beforeshegotmarriedC.aftertheymovedtonewhomesD.beforethewriter’sfamilymovedaway2.Theydidn’toftenwritetoeachotherbecausethey_______.A.gotmarriedB.hadlittletimetodosoC.didn’tlikewritinglettersD.couldseeeachotheronspecialtime3.Therewasanemptyplaceinthewriter’sheartbecauseshe_______.A.wasintroubleB.didn’tknowLinda’saddressC.receivedthecardthatshesentD.didn’thaveafriendlikeLindatoshareherhappinessorsadness4.Thewriterwashappywhenshe_______.A.readthenewspaperB.heardLinda’svoiceonthephoneC.metayoungwomanwholookedalotlikeLindaD.wrotetothewomanwhoselastnamewasWagman5.Theyhaven’tkeptintouch_______.A.forabout40yearsB.forabout27yearsC.sincetheygotmarriedD.sincethewriter’sfamilymovedaway英語幽默閱讀·看病每天都有很多人被病痛折磨著，但有些病卻是因為一些不必要的擔(dān)憂，正如本文中的tailor一樣，威嚇不少一點憂心，讓自己安康快樂一點呢.Amanwenttoseehisdoctoroneday,becausehewassufferingfrompainsinhisstomach.Afterthedoctorhade*aminedhimcarefully,hesaidtohim,“Well,there’snothingreallywrongwithyou,I’mgladtosay.Youronlytroubleisthatyouworrytoomuch.Doyouknow,Ihadamanwiththesametroubleasyouhereafewweeksago,andIgavehimthesameadviceasIamgoingtogiveyou.Hewasworriedbecausehecouldn’tpayhistailor’sbills.Itoldhimnottoworryaboutthebillsanymore.Hetookmyadviceandwhenhecametoseemeagaintwodaysago,hetoldmethathenowfeltquiteallrightagain.〞“Yes,Iknowallaboutthat,〞answeredthepatientsadly.“Yousee,I’mthatman’stailor!〞根據(jù)以上短文容判斷正誤，正確的用“T〞表示，錯誤的用“F〞表示。1.Thetailorwenttoseehisdoctorbecausehehasgotaheadache.2.Thereisnothingseriouswiththetailor.3.Amanwiththesametroubleasthetailorafewdaysago.4.Thedoctorgavethemanandthetailorthesameadvice.5.Thetailorwasworriedbecauseamancouldn’tpayhisbills.【a篇答案及解析】1.選B。根據(jù)第2段中的ItoldherthatIhadmadesuretheygottheirfoodquicklybecauseIalwaysrespecttheelderly可知答案。2.選C。根據(jù)第2段中的AssoonasIsaidthat,herfaceshowedgreatdispleasure可知他們聽到Jack稱他們?yōu)槔险邥r，一點也不快樂。3.選B。根據(jù)第3段中的InmyvillageinChina,peopleareproudofbei