中考英語閱讀理解04-中西文化

閱讀理解(四)中西文化A[2018·鐵嶺]Nowovertheyears,realChinesesnackshavebecomemorepopularinforeigncountries.IntheUnitedStates,peopleareeatingroujiamo.ManypeoplecallroujiamofromShaanxiProvinceofChinathe“Chinesehamburger”.Ithastwopiecesofbreadwithdeliciousmeatbetweenthem.TheUSnewsblog(博客)evenregardsroujiamoas“theworld’sfirsthamburger”.ItisverysimilartoanAmericanhamburger.Infact,ithasalonghistoryinChina.InRussia,hundredsoftanghuluweresoldinjustafewhours.TanghuluisatraditionalChinesesnackthatismadeoffruit,usuallyChinesehawthorns(山楂).ItisabitlikecandyapplesintheUS.Theyarethehawthornswithsugarcandy.Astickispushedintothefruitsoyoucanholditlikealollipop(棒棒糖).SomeChinesepeoplethinktanghuluhasthesameshapeasabottlegourd(葫蘆).That’swhyithasthisname.Ofcourse,thenewkindmadeofotherfreshfruitsuchasstrawberriesandorangeshasalsoappearedinChinanow.YoutiaoislikeapopularsnackinSpain.SomepeopleoutsideChinaeatyoutiaoaswell.Forexample,peopleinMalaysiaeatit.Theyofteneatitwithmilkteaornoodles.InIndonesia,theyeatitwithporridge(粥)insteadofdoujianginChina.1.TheUSnewsblogregardsroujiamoas.

A.theChinesehamburger B.theworld’sfirsthamburgerC.theAmericanhamburgerD.thebreadwithsomemeat2.Tanghuluwasnamedintheshapeof.

A.gourds B.lollipops C.hawthorns D.candyapples3.InIndonesia,peoplelikeyoutiaowithbetterthandoujianginChina.

A.milktea B.noodles C.coffee D.porridge4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisRIGHT?A.TanghulualwayssellswellinAmerica.B.RoujiamoisonefamoussnackfromShaanxi.C.TanghuluisonlymadeofhawthornsinChina.D.Thereisn’takindofsnacklikeyoutiaoinSpain.5.ThepassagemainlytellsustheofChinesesnacksinforeigncountries.

A.production B.inventions C.popularity D.historiesB[2019·原創(chuàng)]MillionsofChinesestudentsinprimaryorjuniorhighschoolareusingnewversions(版本)ofChineselanguagetextbooks.“WrittenbytheMinistryofEducation,thenewtextbooksincludemoretraditionalChineseculture,”reportedXinhuaNewsAgency.Textbooksforthree-yearjuniorhighschoolshavemorecontent(內(nèi)容)ontraditionalChinesearticlesandpoems—132intotal.Theymakeup51.7percentofallthetexts.Andprimaryschoolstudents’booksinclude129ancientChinesearticles,whichtakeup30percentofallthetexts.Thearticleswerechosenfromdifferentancientperiods,andtheycandatebacktotheHan,TangandSongDynasties.Beforetheofficialrelease(發(fā)行),thetextbooksweretestedinschoolsacrossseveralprovinces,butitturnsoutthatnoteveryoneisafan.SomeparentshavequestionedtheaddedarticlesonclassicalChinese,whichisnolongerinuse.AfathernamedLiChaoisoneofthem.HischildstudiesatNo.1PrimarySchoolinShenyang’sHunnanNewDistrict.

“ThestudentsaretooyoungtounderstandsomanypieceswithclassicalChineselanguage.Iamafraidtheywillloseinterest,”hetoldXinhua.However,otherswelcomethenewbooks.“Studentsatthatagemaynotbeabletounderstandclassicalarticleswell,buttheyarelikeseedsthatwillgrowoneday.Thechildrenwillbenefit(受益)soonerorlater,”LiuHuatao,aChineseteacherfromHenan,toldXinhua.Infact,thetextbooksarriveatatimewhenancientChinesecultureisregainingpopularityinChina.TheChinesePoetryConference(《中國詩詞大會》),atelevisedpoetrycompetition,waswatchedbymorepeopleinChinathanmanysoapoperasortalentshows.AccordingtoSouthernMetropolitanDaily(《南方都市報》),Chinanowhasmorethan3,000traditionalprivateschools,astheneedsforprivateeducationoftraditionalChineseculturegrows.1.ThenewversionsofChineselanguagetextbooksincludemoreChineseculture.

A.traditional B.valuable C.interesting D.excellent2.Inthetextbooksforthree-yearjuniorhighschoolstudents,traditionalChinesearticlesandpoemsmakeuppercentofallthetexts.

A.30 B.20 C.51.7 D.653.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“classical”inChinese?A.古典的 B.少有的 C.異常的 D.班級的4.WhatdoesLiChaothinkofclassicalChinese?A.Itishelpfultohischild.B.Itistoohardforprimaryschoolstudentstounderstandwell.C.Primaryschoolstudentscanunderstanditwell.D.It’simportant.5.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheadvantageofclassicalChineseB.AkindofgoodprivateeducationC.AspecialChineseteacherD.ThenewestChineselanguagetextbooksC[2018·沈陽]CaiLuninventedpaperaround2,000yearsagoinChina.Itisanimportantinvention.Beforetheinventionofpaper,peoplehadtorememberlotsofinformationorwriteitonstone,wood,leaves,etc.Todayeveryoneintheworldusespaper.Withpaper,wecanmakebooksandprintnewspapers.Sharinginformationisaloteasierwiththehelpofpaper.Peopleusepapereveryday.Studentsdohomeworkandkeepadiaryonpaper.Paperisagreatinvention.AlanTuringwasborninLondon,England,in1912.HeattendedCambridgeUniversityfrom1931to1934.Turingwasamathematician(數(shù)學(xué)家)andacomputerscientist.ManypeoplecalledTuringthefatherofcomputerscience.Hecreatedthefirstdesign(設(shè)計)foramoderncomputer.Turingwantedtoknowifamachinecouldthinkforitselfandtricksomeoneintobelievingtheywerehavingaconversationwithanotherperson.ThisbecameknownastheTuringtest.Inthetest,ahumantalkedtotwootherpeoplethroughacomputer.Onewasamachine,andtheotherwasaperson.Thisideaisstillusedtoday.1.WhenwaspaperinventedbyCaiLun?A.Around2,000yearsago.B.About200yearsago.C.Around1,000yearsago.D.About100yearsago.2.PeoplecandothefollowingthingswithpaperEXCEPT.

A.sharinginformation B.printingnewspapersC.havingtheTuringtest D.makingbooks3.ManypeopleconsideredAlanTuringtobe.

A.theinventorofprintingB.thefatherofmoderneducationC.theinventorofpaperD.thefatherofcomputerscience4.Inordertohavethetest,Turingneeded.

A.threepeople,onecomputerandamachineB.twopeople,onecomputerandamachineC.twopeople,twocomputersandamachineD.onepeople,onecomputerandamachine5.Fromthepassage,weknowCaiLun’sinventionandTuring’sideaare.

A.hardtoaccept B.notusedanymoreC.unknowntopeople D.stillusedtoday參考答案A[主旨大意]本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了中國的傳統(tǒng)小吃:肉夾饃、糖葫蘆、油條。1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheUSnewsblogevenregardsroujiamoas‘theworld’sfirsthamburger’.”可知B項符合題意。故選B。2.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“SomeChinesepeoplethinktanghuluhasthesameshapeasabottlegourd.That’swhyithasthisname.”可知,糖葫蘆因形狀像葫蘆而得名。故選A。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“InIndonesia,theyeatitwithporridgeinsteadofdoujianginChina.”可知,印尼人吃油條喝粥。故選D。4.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“InRussia,hundredsoftanghuluweresoldinjustafewhours.”可知,糖葫蘆在俄羅斯很暢銷,故A錯;根據(jù)第三段中“Ofcourse,thenewkindmadeofotherfresh