6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解高頻詞組60個(gè)

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)及答案（四）

Wheredopesticidesfitintothepictureofenvironmentaldisease?Wehave

seenthattheynowpollutesoil,waterandfood,thattheyhavethepowertomake

ourstreamsfishlessandourgardensandwoodlandssilentandbirdless.Man,

howevermuchhemayliketopretendthecontrary,ispartofnature.Canheescapea

pollutionthatisnowsothoroughlydistributedthroughoutourworld:

Weknowthatevensingleexposurestothesechemicals,iftheamountislarge

enough,cancauseextremelyseverepoisoning.Butthisisnotthemajorproblem.

Thesuddenillnessordeathoffarmers,farmworkers,andothersexposedto

sufficientquantitiesofpesticidesisverysadandshouldnotoccur.Forthepopulation

asawhole,wemustbemoreconcernedwiththedelayedeffectsofabsorbingsmall

amountsofthepesticidesthatinvisiblypolluteourworld.

Responsiblepublichealthofficialshavepointedoutthatthebiologicaleffectsof

chemicalsarecumulativeoverlongperiodsoftime,andthatthedangertoindividual

maydependonthesumoftheexposuresreceivedthroughouthislifetime.Forthese

veryreasonsthedangeriseasilyignored.Itishumannaturetoshakeoffwhatmay

seemtousathreatoffuturedisaster,"Menarenaturallymostimpressedbydiseases

whichhaveobvioussigns,"saysawisephysician,DrReneDubos,"yetsomeoftheir

worstenemiesslowlyapproachthemunnoticed."

練習(xí)題:

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothesentence"Man...ispartof

nature"(Para.1,Lines3-4)?

A.Manappearsindifferenttowhathappensinnature.

B.Manactsasifhedoesnotbelongtonature.

C.Mancanavoidtheeffectsofenvironmentalpollution.

D.Mancanescapehisresponsibilitiesforenvironmentaleffectsofpesticides?

2.Whatistheauthor"sattitudetowardtheenvironmentaleffectsofpesticides?

A.Pessimistic

B.Indifferent

C.Defensive

D.Concerned

3.Intheauthor"sview,thesuddendeathcausedbyexposuretolargeamounts

ofpesticides.

A.isnottheworstofthenegativeconsequencesresultingfromtheuseof

pesticides

B.nowoccursmostfrequentlyamongallaccidentaldeaths

D.isunavoidablebecausepeoplecan"tdowithoutpesticidesinfarming

4.Peopletendtoignorethedelayedeffectsofexposuretochemicalbecause

A.limitedexposuretothemdoeslittleharmtopeople"shealth

B.thepresentismoreimportantforthemthanthefuture

D.humansarecapableofwithstandingsmallamountsofpoisoning

5.ItcanbeconcludedfromDr.Dubosremarksthat.

A.peoplefindinvisiblediseasesdifficulttodealwith

B.attacksbyhiddenenemiestendtobefatal

C.diseaseswithobvioussignsareeasytocure

D.peopletendtooverlookhiddendangerscausedbypesticides

l.[B]題干的句子是文章第1段第3句，這是一個(gè)帶有插入語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)單句，

contrary在此表示跟partofnature相反，因此答案為B。

3.[A]第2段第2句提到，殺蟲(chóng)劑使人突然發(fā)病或者死亡是很令人難過(guò)的事，

對(duì)于人口整體來(lái)說(shuō)，人類對(duì)殺蟲(chóng)劑長(zhǎng)期累計(jì)的潛在后果的認(rèn)識(shí)不足，才是最嚴(yán)重

的問(wèn)題，故選A。

4.[C]根據(jù)第3段倒數(shù)第2句說(shuō)的“對(duì)未來(lái)的災(zāi)難無(wú)動(dòng)于衷是人的本性〃以及最

后一句說(shuō)的“大多數(shù)人只對(duì)有明顯跡象的疾病予以關(guān)注〃可知C正是人們忽視化學(xué)

藥物的潛在危害的原因，故選C。

5.[D]Dubos博士話中“最可怕的敵人"指的是"殺蟲(chóng)劑引起的潛在危險(xiǎn)"，博士

話中的slowlyapproachthemunnoticed直接表明D正確。

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀高分長(zhǎng)難句解析（十六）

In2003,whenCambridgeUniversityappointedAlisonRichard,anotherformer

Yaleprovost,asitsvice-chancellor,theuniversitypubliclystressedthatinherprevious

jobshehadoverseenamajorstrengtheningofYale'sfinancialposition.

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)原文譯文：

2003年，劍橋大學(xué)聘請(qǐng)了另一位耶魯大學(xué)前教務(wù)長(zhǎng)艾利森?理查德?lián)胃毙?/p>

長(zhǎng)、并公開(kāi)強(qiáng)調(diào)，在她之前的工作中，在她的監(jiān)管下，“耶魯大學(xué)的財(cái)政狀況得

到了極大的鞏固”。

四級(jí)詞匯講解：

本句的主干是universitystressedthatoIn2003為句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，when

Cambridgellniversityappointed...asitsvice-chancellor為句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其

中anotherformerYaleprovost為賓語(yǔ)AlisonRichard的同位語(yǔ)，asitsvice-chancellor

為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ);that引導(dǎo)的是stressed的賓語(yǔ)從句。

appointsb.assth.的意思是“任命某人做某工作或擔(dān)任某職位"。如：

TheyhaveappointedThomasasthemanager.他們已經(jīng)任命托馬斯為經(jīng)理。

stress意為"強(qiáng)調(diào)如:

Theconferencestressedthesocialproblem.本次會(huì)議強(qiáng)調(diào)社會(huì)問(wèn)題。

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考點(diǎn)歸納：

過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去〃，是指過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)

作，即動(dòng)作有先后關(guān)系，動(dòng)作在前的用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，在后的用一般過(guò)去時(shí),在從

句中很容易分清這種先后關(guān)系：

派賓語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且從句的動(dòng)作先于主句

的動(dòng)作時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，常見(jiàn)于told,said,knew,heard,thought等動(dòng)詞的

賓語(yǔ)從句。如：

Shesaidthatshehadseenthefilmbefore.她說(shuō)她以前看過(guò)這部電影。

X在時(shí)間、條件、原因、方式等狀語(yǔ)從句中，主、從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生有先后

關(guān)系，動(dòng)作在前的，要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，動(dòng)作在后的要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：

Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.他做完家庭作業(yè)后，就上

床睡覺(jué)了。

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)及答案（十四）

Asubjectwhichseemstohavebeeninsufficientlystudiedbydoctorsand

psychologistsistheinfluenceofgeographyandclimateonthepsychologicaland

physicalhealthofmankind.Thereseemsnodoubtthatthegeneralcharacterofthe

landscape,therelativelengthofdayandnight,andtheclimatemustallplayabig

partindeterminingwhatkindofpeopleweare.

Itistruethatafewstudieshavebeenmade.Wherealltheinhabitantsofa

particularareaenjoyexceptionallygoodorbadhealth,scientistshave

identified.contributoryfactorssuchasthepresenceorabsenceofsubstanceslike

iodine,fluoride,calcium,orironinthewatersupply,orperhapstypesofland

thatprovidebreedingplacesforpestslikemosquitoesorrats.

Moreover,wecanallgeneralizeabouttypesofpeoplewehavemet.Those

livingincountries.withlongdarkwintersareapttobelesstalkativeandless

vivaciousthaninhabitantsofcountrieswheretheclimateismoreequable（穩(wěn)定的）.

Andwheretheoliveandtheorangegrow,theretheinhabitantsarecheerful,

talkative,andspontaneous.

Wearenotyetsureoftheanswerstosuch.questions,butletushopethat

somethingofbenefittomankindmayeventuallyresultfromsuchstudies.

練習(xí)題:

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

l.Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassageisto.

A.alertreaderstothescarcityofnaturalresources

B.callformoreresearchontheinfluenceofgeographicalenvironment

C.introducedifferentelementsincharactercultivation

D.drawmoreattentiontothehealthconditionofmankind

2.Itcanbeinferredthatproperamountsofiodine,fluorideandcalcium

can.

A.benefitpeople'sphysicalhealth

B.influencethequalityofwatersupply

C.helpprovidebreedingplacesforpests.

D.strengthenaperson'scharacter

3.Howdoestheauthorevaluatethegeneralizationsofpeople/stypesinPara.3?

A.Suchgeneralizationshelpusjudgethedifferentcharactersofpeoplewemeet

B.Suchgeneralizationsarenotinclusiveenoughtodrawaconvincingconclusion.

C.Suchgeneralizationsprovethatnatureplaysanimportantroleindetermining

socialhabits.

D.Suchgeneralizationsshowthattherearemainlytwodifferenttypesofpeople

ontheplanet.

4.Accordingtothepassage,researchintotheinfluenceofclimateand

geographyshould.

A.focusonunknownaspects

B.bepursuedonalargerscale

C.becarriedoutamongremotetribes

D.goaheadindepth

5.Whatdoweknowaboutthegeneralizationsofpeople/stype?

A.Peoplewholikedrinkingwinetendtobeoptimistic.

B.Peoplewholiveinmountainareastendtohavealonglife.

C.Peoplewholiveinareaswithstableclimatetendtobetalkativeandlively.

0.Peoplewholikedrinkingcowbloodtendtobestrongandtall.

l.[B]主旨大意題。本文一開(kāi)頭就提出：關(guān)于地理環(huán)境對(duì)人的影響，研究得

還不充分。接下來(lái)的每段開(kāi)頭句也都進(jìn)一步闡述這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，如第2段首句和第4

段首句，結(jié)尾句又提出希望，所以正確答案為B.選項(xiàng)C和D沒(méi)有全面概括環(huán)境和

人兩方面的因素。選項(xiàng)A完全與文章無(wú)關(guān)。

2.[A]推理判斷題。句中的goodhealth與后面的contributoryfactors告訴讀

者選項(xiàng)A是正確的。選項(xiàng)B中的thequality是無(wú)中生有。選項(xiàng)C中的provide

breedingplacesforpests在文中的主語(yǔ)是land。選項(xiàng)D中的character跟水中的礦

物質(zhì)無(wú)關(guān)。

3.[B]觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。緊接第2段論證環(huán)境和健康的關(guān)系之后，第3段看似論

述環(huán)境和個(gè)性的關(guān)系，舉了兩種比較典型的環(huán)境和性格特征的例子，但是，第4段

第1句就把前面的表面現(xiàn)象給否定了，所以此題答案為B。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)立場(chǎng)都

錯(cuò)了。

5.[C]事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第3段第2句表明選項(xiàng)C正確。這兩段都提到了人的類

型的歸納，第3段中的歸納是正確的，而第4段中的歸納是有待考證的，因此，本

題要依據(jù)第3段描述的類型做出選擇。

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)及答案（七）

Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeople

whohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoingbusinessabroad.In

modernmarkets,successoverseasoftenhelpssupportdomesticbusinessefforts.

Englishisstilltheinternationallanguageofbusiness.Butthereisan

ever-growingneedforpeoplewhocanspeakanotherlanguage.Asecondlanguage

isn/tgenerallyrequiredtogetajobinbusiness,buthavinglanguageskillsgivesa

candidatetheedgewhenotherqualificationsappeartobeequal.

練習(xí)題:

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

A.Critical.

B.Prejudiced.

C.Indifferent.

D.Positive.

A.havetogetfamiliarwithmoderntechnology

B.aregainingmoreeconomicbenefitsfromdomesticoperations

C.areattachingmoreimportancetotheiroverseasbusiness

D.areeagertoworkoverseas

3.Inthispassage/'outofsightandoutofmindw(Lines2-3,Para.3)probably

means.

A.beingunabletothinkproperlyforlackofinsight

B.beingtotallyoutoftouchwithbusinessathome

C.missingopportunitiesforpromotionwhenabroad

D.leavingallcareandworrybehind

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanimportantconsiderationofinternational

corporationsinemployingpeopletoday?

A.Connectionswithbusinessesoverseas.

B.Abilitytospeaktheclientslanguage.

C.Technicalknow-how.

D.Businessexperience.

5.Theadvantageofemployeeshavingforeignlanguageskillsisthattheycan

A.bettercontrolthewholenegotiationprocess

B.easilyfindnewapproachestomeetmarketneeds

C.fast-forwardtheirproposalstoheadquarters

D.easilymakefriendswithbusinesspeopleabroad

2.[C]事實(shí)辨認(rèn)題。根據(jù)第2段第1句中的whohaveagrowingrespect...

abroad可看出，隨著高科技通訊設(shè)備的廣泛使用，商人們?cè)絹?lái)越重視海外商務(wù)的

經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值,C與之一致。"

3.[C]語(yǔ)義推斷題。根據(jù)第3段第2、3句中說(shuō)的"他確信國(guó)外的事務(wù)對(duì)公司

的成功計(jì)劃至關(guān)重要，派往國(guó)外時(shí)或之后常能得到升遷?！芍诤Ｍ獾墓芾?/p>

人員不再會(huì)擔(dān)心被遺忘而錯(cuò)過(guò)升職機(jī)會(huì)，因此“眼不見(jiàn)，心不念〃即為C”在國(guó)外時(shí)

錯(cuò)過(guò)國(guó)內(nèi)升職機(jī)會(huì)

4.[B]事實(shí)辨認(rèn)題。題目詢問(wèn)的是根據(jù)短文，當(dāng)今在雇傭雇員時(shí)，國(guó)際化的

公司應(yīng)該著重考慮什么。這是第5段的話題，其中核心詞是language,只有B"會(huì)

說(shuō)顧客的語(yǔ)言〃符合。

5.[A]事實(shí)辨認(rèn)題。題目詢問(wèn)的是具有外語(yǔ)能力的雇員的優(yōu)勢(shì)究竟是什么。

根據(jù)最后一段第1句可知，”派往國(guó)外的雇員若能講該國(guó)的主要語(yǔ)言，就有機(jī)會(huì)

加快談判進(jìn)程，而且能知道什么時(shí)候放慢節(jié)拍。"A"具有外語(yǔ)能力的雇員的優(yōu)勢(shì)

就是他們可以）更好地控制整個(gè)談判的過(guò)程"與之一致，故為答案。

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)及答案（三）

Justsevenyearsago,theJarvik-7artificialheartwasbeingcheeredasthemodel

ofhumancreativeness.ThesightofBarneyClark-aliveandconsciousaftertradinghis

diseasedheartforametal-and-plasticpump-convincedthepress,thepublicand

manydoctorsthatthefuturehadarrived.Ithadn't.Aftermonitoringproductionof

theJarvik-7,andreviewingitseffectsonthe150orsopatients（mostofwhomgot

thedeviceasatemporarymeasure）theU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration

concludedthatthemachinewasdoingmoretoendangerlivesthantosavethem.

Lastweektheagencycancelleditsearlierapproval,effectivelybanning（禁止）the

device.

TherecallmayhurtSymbionInc.,makeroftheJarvik-7,butitwon'tendthe

requestforanartificialheart.Oneproblemwiththebannedmodeisthatthetubes

connectingittoanexternalpowersourcecreatedapassageforinfection.Inventors

arenowworkingonnewdevicesthatwouldbefullyplaced,alongwithatinypower

pack,inthepatientschest.Thefirstsampleproductsaren'texpectedforanother10

or20years.Butsomepeoplearealreadyworryingthatthey/llwork—andthat

America/soverextendedhealth—careprogramswillloseaprecious$2.5billionto$5

billionayearprovidingthemforarelativelyfewdyingpatients.Ifsuchexpenditures

（開(kāi)支）cutintofundingformorebasiccare,theneteffectcouldactuallybeadecline

inthenation'shealth.

練習(xí)題:

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Accordingtothepassage,theJarvik-7artificialheartprovedtobe

A.atechnicalfailure

B.atechnicalwonder

C.agoodlife-saver

D.aneffectivemeanstotreatheartdisease

2.FromthepassageweknowthatSymbionInc.

A.hasbeenbannedbythegovernmentfromproducingartificialhearts

B.willreviewtheeffectsofartificialheartsbeforedesigningnewmodels

C.maycontinuetoworkonnewmodelsofreliableartificialhearts

D.canmakenewmodelsofartificialheartsavailableonthemarketin10to20

years

3.Thenewmodelsofartificialheartsareexpected

A.tohaveaworkinglifeof10or20years

B.tobesetfullyinthepatientschest

C.tobeequippedwithanexternalpowersource

D.tocreateanewpassageforinfection

4.Theword"them"inLine7,Para.2refersto.

A.doctorswhotreatheartdiseases

B.makersofartificialhearts

C.America'shealth-careprograms

D.Newmodelofartificialhearts

5.Somepeoplefeelthat,

A.artificialheartsareseldomeffective

B.thecountryshouldnotspendsomuchmoneyonartificialhearts

C.thecountryisnotspendingenoughmoneyonartificialhearts

D.America/shealth-careprogramsarenotdoingenoughforthenation/shealth

l.[A]文章一開(kāi)頭說(shuō)Jarvik-7以前被認(rèn)為是一大技術(shù)成就，但文章第1段倒數(shù)

第2句中提到，美國(guó)食品與藥品管理局得出結(jié)論，認(rèn)為這種儀器與其說(shuō)是挽救生命,

不如說(shuō)是將生命置于更加危險(xiǎn)的境地。由此可知Jarvik-7是一個(gè)技術(shù)失敗，故選A。

2.[C]文章第2段第1句提到，要求生產(chǎn)人造心臟的Symbion公司召回其銷

售的人造心臟，這對(duì)該公來(lái)說(shuō)或許是一種損失，但這一禁令不會(huì)終結(jié)人們對(duì)人造

心臟的需求。從這一句可推斷出應(yīng)選C。原文只提到政府禁止Jarvik-7這種型號(hào)

的人造心臟，A把范圍擴(kuò)大到了所有的人造心臟;B在原文中并未提及;D說(shuō)的對(duì)象

不是Symbion公司，也可排除。

3.[B]文章中第2段第3句提到，這種新儀器可以完全置于患者的胸腔內(nèi)，B

與之相符，故選B。A在文中并未提及;C、D說(shuō)的對(duì)象是Jarvik-7,故也排除。

4.[D]從句子意思看，"向?yàn)閿?shù)不多的瀕危病人提供〃的顯然是上一句中的

sampleproducts,即可與電源組一并植于人體內(nèi)的newdevices,故選D。

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀高分長(zhǎng)難句解析（十四）

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)譯文：

大學(xué)是推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)的衍生地，是一個(gè)國(guó)家培養(yǎng)所需人才以獲取

并維持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)的主要手段。

四級(jí)詞匯講解：

本句的主干是theyareplaceandmeansotheplaceof...和theprimarymeans

of...為并列的表語(yǔ);that引導(dǎo)的是discoveries的定語(yǔ)從句;動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)

requiredto...是talent的后置定語(yǔ)。

movesth.forward的意思是"推動(dòng)......，使......前進(jìn)“。如：

Weshouldtrytostrengthenthebusinessandcontinuetomoveitforward.我

們應(yīng)該努力強(qiáng)化業(yè)務(wù)并繼續(xù)推動(dòng)其前進(jìn)。

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考點(diǎn)歸納：

the+形容詞可表示名詞概念，泛指一類人，通常具有復(fù)數(shù)含義。如:Thepoor

betpoorer;therichgetricher.窮者愈窮;富者愈富。

常見(jiàn)的加the表名詞概念的形容詞有:

blind失明的

deaf聾的

disabled殘廢的

healthy健康的

sick病弱的

living活的

dead死的

rich富有的

poor貧窮的

unemployed失業(yè)的

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)及答案（十）

Ifthesalinity（含鹽量）ofoceanwatersisanalyzed,itisfoundtovaryonly

slightlyfromplacetoplace.Nevertheless,someofthesesmallchangesareimportant.

Therearethreebasicprocessesthatcauseachangeinoceanicsalinity.Oneofthese

isthesubtractionofwaterfromtheoceanbymeansofevaporation-conversionof

liquidwatertowatervapor.Inthismanner,thesalinityisincreased,sincethesalts

staybehind.Ifthisiscarriedtotheextreme,ofcourse,whitecrystalsofsaltwouldbe

leftbehind.

Theoppositeofevaporationisprecipitation（降水），suchasrain,bywhichwater

isaddedtotheocean.Heretheoceanisbeingdiluted（稀釋）sothatthesalinityis

decreased.Thismayoccurinareasofhighrainfallorincoastalregionswhererivers

flowintotheocean.Thussalinitymaybeincreasedbythesubtractionofwaterby

evaporation,ordecreasedbytheadditionoffreshwaterbyprecipitationor

runoff（形成地表水部分的降水）.

Normally,intropicalregionswherethesunisverystrong,theoceansalinityis

somewhathigherthanitisinotherpartsoftheworldwherethereisnotasmuch

evaporation.Similarly,incoastalregionswhereriversdilutethesea,salinityis

somewhatlowerthaninotheroceanicareas.

Athirdprocessbywhichsalinitymaybealteredisassociatedwiththeformation

andmeltingofseaice.Whenseawaterisfrozen,thedissolvedmaterialsareleft

behind.Inthismanner,seawaterdirectlybeneathfreshlyformedseaicehasahigher

salinitythanitdidbeforetheiceappeared.Ofcourse,whenthisicemelts,itwilltend

todecreasethesalinityofthesurroundingwater.

IntheWeddellSea,offAntarctica,thedensestwaterintheoceansisformedas

aresultofthisfreezingprocess,whichincreasesthesalinityofcoldwater.Thisheavy

watersinksandisfoundinthedeeperportionsoftheoceansoftheworld.

練習(xí)題：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

l.Thebesttitleofthepassagecanbe"".

A.TypicalOceansandTheirRespectiveFeatures

B.TheCausesoftheChangesinSalinityofOceanWater

C.DifferentOceansHaveDifferentSalinity

D.ThePrecipitationandEvaporationofOceans

2.Whichofthefollowingprocesseswillincreasesalinityofoceanwaters?

A.Evaporation.

B.Precipitation.

C.Melting.

D.Dilution.

3.Accordingtothispassage,thesea_islikelytohavethelowestsalinity.

A.intropicalareas

B.offAntarctica

C.ofhighrainfall

D.withabundant

4.TheWeddellSea.

A.isagoodexampleofincreasedsalinityinfreezingseawater

B.ismuchlargerinareathantheArcticoceans

C.hasamuchlowersalinitynowthanever

D.hasthedenserwaterinitsupperparts

5.Coastalregionsarementionedascaseswhere.

A.seawaterislesssaltybecausefreshwaterjoinsin

B.riverscarryindustrialexhaustintosea

C.seaicetendstomeltmorequicklythaninthecenterofoceans

D.heavywatersinkstothedeeperportionsoftheoceans

l.[B]主旨大意題。本文第1段第3句是全文的主題句，告訴讀者有三種原

因致使海洋鹽分變化并逐一介紹這三種原因，選項(xiàng)B比較全面地歸納了本文的主

題。選項(xiàng)A和C中心詞為oceans,不妥，選項(xiàng)D只提及了前面兩種原因，不全面。

2.[A]事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。只要明白第1段第5句中的inthismanner是指第4句中

的evaporation,不難做出正確選擇。選項(xiàng)B、C會(huì)使含鹽量減少,很容易排除。具體

的反證分別出現(xiàn)在第2段首句、第3段尾句和第4段首句。

3.[C]推理判斷題。綜合3種情況，造成海洋含鹽量低的原因有：降雨多、

日曬少、遠(yuǎn)離熱帶和海冰融化，由此可推斷選項(xiàng)C最符合。A和D是使海水含鹽

量增加的，因此可排除。B是否一定海水含鹽低，文中并未提到。

4.[A]推理判斷題。選項(xiàng)A是對(duì)最后一段第1句的同義改寫(xiě)。同一句可知選

項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)。選項(xiàng)B根本沒(méi)有提及。文章最后一句表明D正好與事實(shí)相反。

5.[A]推理判斷題。coastalregions字眼在文章中提到兩遍，分別在第2段第

3句及第3段最后一句。只要能夠迅速查找到任何一處均可做出正確判斷為A。B

和C無(wú)原文支持;D張冠李戴，原文提及D內(nèi)容涉及的是WeddellSea,而非coastal

regionso

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀高分長(zhǎng)難句解析（十七）

TheboardultimatelypickedBruceBenson,a69-year-oldColoradobusinessman

andpoliticalactivistwhoislikelytodowellinthemaintaskofmodernuniversity

presidents:fund-raising.

原文譯文：

最后，董事會(huì)決定聘用69歲的科羅拉多商人和政治活動(dòng)家布魯斯?本森，因

為他能很好地完成現(xiàn)代高校校長(zhǎng)的主要任務(wù)一籌集資金。

四級(jí)詞匯講解：

本句的主干是之后的內(nèi)容皆為其同

boardpickedBruceBensonoBruceBenson

位語(yǔ);who引導(dǎo)的是以businessmanandpoliticalactivist為先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句;冒號(hào)

之后的內(nèi)容fund-raising是對(duì)maintaskofmodernuniversitypresidents的解釋說(shuō)明。

belikelytodosth.的意思是“可能做某事"，likely也可用在belikelythat的結(jié)

構(gòu)中。如：

It'sverylikelythathe'llringmetomorrow.他很可能明天給我打電話。

dowellin的意思是“在……方面做得很好”。如：

Johndoeswellinmaths.約翰的數(shù)學(xué)成績(jī)很好。

英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考點(diǎn)歸納:

意為"在...方面做得很好，擅長(zhǎng)……〃的常見(jiàn)表達(dá)除d。wellin之外，還有:

begoodato如：

Sheisgoodatpainting.她擅長(zhǎng)繪畫(huà)。

beexpertat/in。如：

She'sexpertatmakingstylishclothes.她做時(shí)裝很在行。

如：

beskilledat/in0

Heisskilledatmakingfurniture.他做家具很有一手。

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀高分長(zhǎng)難句解析二十

原文譯文：

這個(gè)由紐約非營(yíng)利性組織"地球宣言"主辦的時(shí)裝秀首次激發(fā)了許多設(shè)計(jì)師

使用可持續(xù)的環(huán)保面料設(shè)計(jì)服裝的靈感。

四級(jí)詞匯講解：

本句的主干是showinspireddesignersoOrganizedbytheNewYork-based

nonprofitEarthPledge為show的定語(yǔ)，其中organized和show為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,the

NewYork-basednonprafitEarthPledge則為施動(dòng)者。

workwith的意思是"與......共事"。如：

Heisaverynicepersontoworkwith.他是一個(gè)很好共事的人。

forthefirsttime的意思是"首次，初次”。如:

Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iamreallyproudofmycountry.在我的一生中，我

頭一次為我的國(guó)家感到非常自豪。

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)及答案（一）

Oceanographyhasbeendefinedas“Theapplicationofallsciencestothestudy

ofthesea".

Beforethenineteencentury,scientistswithaninterestintheseawerefewand

farbetween.CertainlyNewtonconsideredsometheoreticalaspectsofitinhis

writings,buthewasreluctanttogotoseatofurtherhiswork.

ItwastoMauryoftheUSNavythattheAtlanticTelegraphCompanyturned,in

1853,forinformationonthismatter.Inthe1840s,Mauryhadbeenresponsiblefor

encouragingvoyagesduringwhichsoundings（測(cè)身）weretakentoinvestigatethe

depthsoftheNorthAtlanticandPacificOceans.Later,someofhisfindingsaroused

muchpopularinterestinhisbookThePhysicalGeographyoftheSea.

Thecablewaslaid,butnotuntil1866wastheconnectionmadepermanentand

reliable.Attheearlyattempts,thecablefailedandwhenitwastakenoutforrepairs

itwasfoundtobecoveredinlivinggrowths,afactwhichdefiedcontemporary

scientificopinionthattherewasnolifeinthedeeperpartsofthesea.

Withinafewyearsoceanographywasunderway.In1872Thomsonleda

scientificexpedition（考-察），whichlastedforfouryearsandbroughthomethousands

ofsamplesfromthesea.Theirclassificationandanalysisoccupiedscientistsforyears

andledtoafive-volumereport,thelastvolumebeingpublishedin1895.

練習(xí)題:

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.TheproposaltolayatelegraphcablefromEuropetoAmericamade

oceanographicstudiestakeon.

A.anacademicaspect

B.amilitaryaspect

C.abusinessaspect

D.aninternationalaspect

2.ItwasthataskedMauryforhelpinoceanographicstudies.

A.theAmericanNavy

B.someearlyintercontinentaltravelers

C.thosewhoearnedalivingfromthesea

3.TheaimofthevoyagesMaurywasresponsibleforinthe1840swas

A.tomakesomesoundingexperimentsintheoceans

B.tocollectsamplesofseaplantsandanimals

C.toestimatethelengthofcablethatwasneeded

D.tomeasurethedepthsofthetwooceans

4.“Defied"inthe5thparagraphprobablymeans"".

A.doubted

B.gaveproofto

C.challenged

D.agreedto

5.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.thebeginningsofoceanography

B.thelayingofthefirstunderseacable

C.theinvestigationofoceandepths

2.[D]細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第4段首句為一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是賓語(yǔ)。題干也是一

個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，但強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)。如果把原文的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型改為一般的句型，就知道

向Maury尋求幫助的是theAtlanticTelegraphCompany.故答案為D。A是Maury

的工作單位，可以排除;原文只提到對(duì)于一些早期的穿越洲際的旅行家和依靠海洋

維持生計(jì)的人，海洋并不遙遠(yuǎn)，故B、C與題意不符。

3.[D]聿實(shí)判斷題。文章第4段提到，19世紀(jì)40年代，Maury負(fù)責(zé)推動(dòng)進(jìn)行

測(cè)深工作的海上航行，以此來(lái)探測(cè)北大西洋與太平洋的深度.故選Do

4.[C]詞義推斷題。當(dāng)時(shí)的科學(xué)觀點(diǎn)是海洋較深的地方不存在生命，而事實(shí)

上在電纜表面發(fā)現(xiàn)了活的生物.由此可知這一事實(shí)對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)的科學(xué)觀點(diǎn)提出質(zhì)疑，故

答案為C。

5.[A]主旨題。通讀全文可知，oceanography（海洋學(xué)）是全文的中心詞，本文

主要講述海洋學(xué)是如何起步的，故答案為AoB、C只表述了原文中個(gè)別細(xì)節(jié)，

并非主題;D跟全文無(wú)關(guān)。

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)及答案（五）

Longafterthe1998WorldCupwaswon,disappointedfanswerestillcursingthe

disputedrefereeing（裁判）decisionsthatdeniedvictorytotheirteam.Aresearcher

wasappointedtostudytheperformanceofsometopreferees.

Theresearcherorganizedanexperimentaltournament（錦標(biāo)賽）involvingfour

youthteams.Eachmatchlastedanhour,dividedintothreeperiodsof20minutes

duringwhichdifferentrefereeswereincharge.

Observersnoteddownthereferees'errors,ofwhichtherewere61overthe

tournament.Convertedtoastandardmatchof90minutes,eachrefereemade

almost23mistakes,aremarkablyhighnumber.

Theresearcherthenstudiedthevideotapestoanalyzethematchesindetail.

Surprisingly,hefoundthaterrorsweremorelikelywhentherefereeswerecloseto

theincident.Whentheofficialsgotitright,theywere,onaverage,17metersaway

fromtheaction.Theaveragedistanceinthecaseoferrorswasl2meters.The

researchshowstheoptimum（的）distanceisabout20meters.

Therealsoseemedtobeanoptimumspeed.Correctdecisionscamewhenthe

refereesweremovingataspeedofabout2meterspersecond.Theaveragespeed

forerrorswas4meterspersecond.

IfFIFA,football'sinternationalrulingbody,wantstoimprovethestandardof

refereeingatthenextWorldCup,itshouldencouragerefereestokeeptheireyeson

theactionfromadistance,ratherthanrushingtokeepupwiththeball,the

researcherargues.

HealsosaysthatFIFA'sinsistencethatrefereesshouldretireatage45maybe

misguided.Ifkeepingupwiththeactionisnotsoimportant,theirphysicalcondition

islesscritical.

練習(xí)題：

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Theexperimentconductedbytheresearcherwasmeantto.

A.reviewthedecisionsofrefereesatthe1998WorldCup

B.analyzethecausesoferrorsmadebyfootballreferees

C.setastandardforfootballrefereeing

D.reexaminetherulesforfootballrefereeing

2.Thenumberofrefereeingerrorsintheexperimentalmatcheswas.

A.slightlyaboveaverage

B.higherthaninthe1998WorldCup

C.quiteunexpected

D.ashighasinastandardmatch

3.Thefindingsoftheexperimentshowthat.

A.errorsaremorelikelywhenarefereekeepsclosetotheball

B.thefarthertherefereeisfromtheincident,thefewertheerrors

C.themoreslowlytherefereeruns,themorelikelywillerrorsoccur

D.errorsarelesslikelywhenarefereestaysinonespot

4.Theword“officials”(Line2,Para.4)mostprobablyrefersto.

A.theresearchersinvolvedintheexperiment

B.theinspectorsofthefootballtournament

C.therefereesofthefootballtournament

D.theobserversatthesiteoftheexperiment

5.Whatisoneofthepossibleconclusionsoftheexperiment?

A.Theidealretirementageforanexperiencedfootballrefereeis45.

B.Ageshouldnotbethechiefconsiderationinchoosingafootballreferee.

C.Afootballrefereeshouldbeasyoungandenergeticaspossible.

D.Anexperiencedfootballrefereecandowellevenwheninpoorphysical

condition.

l.[B]根據(jù)第1段可知，球迷對(duì)裁判的裁決不滿意，因此"Aresearcherwas

appointedtostudytheperformanceofsometopreferees.一名研究員被指定對(duì)一

些高級(jí)裁判的場(chǎng)上執(zhí)法情況進(jìn)行研究"，再加上文中error一詞步直頻使用，可見(jiàn)，目

的是分析裁判誤判的原因，即B。

2.[C]第3段說(shuō)“在90分鐘的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)賽中，每個(gè)裁判幾乎犯23個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，這是一

個(gè)remarkablyhighnumber”,C與之一致。

3.[A]第4段第2句提到，令人驚訝的是，裁判離犯規(guī)地點(diǎn)越近，錯(cuò)判的可

能性就越大,A為原文的同義表達(dá)，故選A。B項(xiàng)的干擾性比較大，但由下一句可

知，正確判斷的平均距離是離犯規(guī)處17米。故并非越遠(yuǎn)，錯(cuò)判就越少，故排除Bo

4.[C]根據(jù)第4段officials出現(xiàn)的上下文可以判斷是指referees,其實(shí)這也是

全文主題詞.故選Co

5.[B]最后一段提到，如果緊跟著球員跑來(lái)跑去顯得不那么重要的話，栽判

的身體狀況也就不那么關(guān)鍵了。所以它的含義應(yīng)為B"在選擇足球裁判時(shí)，年齡

并不是首要考慮的因素"。

6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解高頻詞組60個(gè)

l.holdsthtoaccount與.…對(duì)證，核實(shí)

2.admitto許可，允許

3.appearto似乎,好像

4.applysthtosth把…適用于…

5.askfor要求

6.assuresbofsth使某人確信某事ensuresbtodosth保證某人做某事

7.attachimportanceto=pay/callat