歐洲文化入門Realism in England

歐洲文化ppt（group4）班級1101組員：RealisminEngland1CharlesDickens2GeorgeEliot3WilliamMakepeaceThackeray4ThomasHardy5GeorgeBernardShawCharlesDickens1briefintrodution：hiseducation;hisworkexperience,hisprogress2hisworks:BleakHouse,HardTimes,DavidCopperfield3turningpoint:PickwickPapers.4characteristicsGeorgeEliot1briefintrodution:herrejectionofreligious,herlifewithHenry2Masterpiece:Middlemarch,Millonthefloss,AdamBede,SilasMarnerWilliamMakepeaceThackeray1breifintrodution:hewasborninawealthyBritishfamilyandinheritedalargeamountofmoneybutlosthisfortunebecauseofhisgambling.2Hisworks:VanityFair,oneofthemostvividlydrawnheroinesinEnglishfiction.Hesatirizedromanticsentimentalityandthesnobbishnessandfutilityofupper-clsslifeThomasHardy1briefintrodution:hewasclosetonaturewhenhewasyoung,whichhelpedhimtoundersandlifebetter.HefirsttrainedasarchitectandbegantopracticeinLondonbutheprefferredwriting.2Characteristics:Everywhereinhisnovelshumanbeingsappeartobecrushedbyasuperiorforce,apitilessfate,andtheindifferenceofhisfellowcreatures.Inhispointofview,humanbeingsarealwayssufferring.GeorgeBernardShaw1briefintrodution:HewasamemberoftheFabiansocietywhoseaimwastomakeatransitionfromcapitalismtosocialismwithoutviolence.HespentmuchtimeinreadingMarx’sDasCapital.2representativeworks:HeratbreakHouse,Ramantichistoricaldrama,TheappleCart.HisbestcomediesincludeMajorBarbaraandPygmalionRealismintheUnitedStatesTime(1965~1918)HistoricalBackgroundA.TheCivilWarB.TheGildedAgeHarrietBeecherStowe1811~1896BorninLitchfield,ConnecticutTheseventhofchildrenHarrietBeecherStoweHerfather,LymanBeecherasastudentthenateacherataschool1834,beganherliterarycareerwhenshewonaprizecontestoftheWesternMonthlyMagazine,1836,marriedCalvinE.Stowe,aprofessor1843,themayflower1850,movedtoBrunswick,Maine1852,UncleTom’sCabin1853,AkeytoUncleTom’sCabin1856,ATaleoftheGreatDismalSwamp1862,“thelittleladywhomadethisbigwar”PearlofOrr’sisland(1862),Old-TownFolks(1869),PoganucPeople(1878)Died,1896MajorthemesTheevilandimmoralityofslaveryThemoralpowerandsanctityofwomenTherejectionofslaveryWaltWhitman(1819~1892)Bornin1819onLongIsland,NewYorkOnly5~6yearsformaleducation,self-educatedWorkedasofficeboy,printingworker,schoolteacher,free-lancewriterWaltWhitmanAmericanpoet,essayist,journalist,andhumanist37–year-old,LeavesofGrassColorfulwordsandvividimageSongofMyselfSitandLookOutOCaptain,MyCaptain!IhearAmericasingingWhenLilacsLastintheDooryardBloom'dThemesEqualityofthingsandbeingsDivinityofeverythingDeath,beautyofdeathBrotherhoodandsocialsolidarityPursuitofloveandhappinessMarkTwain1835~1910BorninFlorida,Father,attorneyandalocaljudgeEarlylifeexperienceBorninalittletowninMississippiAt11,helosthisfatherAt13,hestoppedschoolingTrampprinterSteamboatpilotontheMississippiMarkTwainlovedthegreatriversomuchthathealwayswentinthedirectionofthenearbyMississippi.ManyofhisgreatworksaresetinthebackgroundoftheMississippiRiver,suchasTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,TheAdventuresofTomSawyer,

andLifeontheMississippi.

MarkTwain’sMasterpiecesOtherWorksRunningforGovernorThe￡1,000,000Bank-NoteTheInnocentAbroadTheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty(hisfirststory)TheGildedAgeFollowingtheEquatorRoughingItTheTragedyofPudd’nheadWilson

ThreeStagesofMarkTwain’sThoughtandWorks

activeandlively;fullofacidandSatiricalsense;pessimisticandcynic.“Humorismankind'sgreatestblessing.”

“Thebestwaytocheeryourselfupistotrytocheersomebodyelseup.”

Thedogisagentleman;Ihopetogotohisheaven,notman's.”“Wisdomteachesusthatnonebutbirdsshouldgooutearly,andthatnotevenbirdsshoulddoitunlesstheyareoutofworms.”HenryJamesBorninNewYorkDistinguishedfamilyatourInEuropeGreateducationMasterofpsychologicalrealism心理現(xiàn)實主義旳大師Novelistofpsychologicalanalysis心理分析小說家PioneerofAmericanStreamofConsciousness意識流文學先驅Novelofmanners世態(tài)小說MasterpiecesTheAmerican?美國人?ThePortraitofaLady?女人旳畫像?TheBostonians?波士頓人?MasterpiecesTheAmerican《美國人》

tellsastoryaboutayoungandinnocentAmericanconfrontingthecomplexityofEuropeanlife.DaisyMiller《黛西米勒》

anovelaboutayounggirlwhogetkilledbythewinterinRome.ThePortraitofaLady《貴婦畫像》

abouttheclashbetweentheoldworldandthenewinthelifejourneyofanAmericangirl.

WhatMaisieKnew《梅西所懂得旳》TheAmbassadors《大使》、《使節(jié)》TheWingsoftheDove《鴿翼》TheGoldenBowl《金碗》《鴿翼》寫一位英國記者為錢財追求一種患有不治之癥旳美國姑娘旳故事?！妒构?jié)》描繪一位高雅旳法國女人對一種美國闊少所產(chǎn)生旳難以抗拒旳魅力?！督鹜搿方?jīng)過一段繼母與女婿私通旳故事引起出了許多涉及道德問題旳思索。LiteraryThemesCross-culturalcommunicationbetweenEuropeansandAmericansDifferencesbetweentheOldWorldandNewWorld(EandA)Self-perceptionFreedom,responsibilityBetrayal,sexualityanddiffidenceContributionConnectedAandELiterarycreationandnoveltheoryNeweraofmodernNovelsFreedom,inclusionofthedisagreeable,theugly,andthecommonplaceArtRealisminArtGustaveCourbet(居斯塔夫·庫爾貝)majorworks:theStonebreakers(1894)BrurialatOrnansJean-FranciscoMillet(讓弗朗西斯米勒）majorworks:ThesowerGleanersImpressionisminartManet(馬奈)majorworks:FoliersBurgers(1882)TheLuncheononTheGrass(1863)ClaudeMonet(莫奈）thefounderofFrenchimpressionistpainting,CamillePissarro(卡米耶·畢沙羅)majorworks:ThePlaceduTheatreFrancaisPierreAugusteRenoir(奧古斯特·雷諾阿)majorworks:TheTheaterBoxEdgarDegas（德佳）Majorwork：CafeConcertTheGlassofAbsintheBallerinaontheStage后印象主義(Post-Impressionism)

representthemateriality,stabilityandinnerstructureofreal-lifeobjects.Createvisualsensesofweight,volume,solidityandgrandnessforsimpleandgeometriceffect.Haveagreathistoricalsignificanceforthedevelopmentofmodernartstyles.

Representativepostimpressionistpainters

PaulCezanne(1839-1906)PaulGauguin(1848-1903)VincentVanGogh(1853-1890)PaulCezannecreateanewworldofformsoutofnaturalobjects.makeacoherentwholeinthepictures.塞尚

Theboyinredvest

穿紅夾克旳男孩ArrangethepartsofafigureandtolengthenandshortenthemMakethefiguretwodimensionalFamousworksfruitbowlglassandapplesVincentVanGogh(1853-1890)

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