2012年-2015年英語六級真題及答案詳解

2012年6月英語六級真題及答案詳解PartⅠWriting(30minutes)Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicTheImpactoftheInternetonInterpersonalCommunication.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.TheImpactoftheInternetonInterpersonalCommunicationPartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:Inthispart.Youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)、B)、C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.TheThree-YearSolutionHartwickCollege,asmallliberal-artsschoolinupstateNewYork,makesNewYork,makesthisoffertowellpreparedstudents:earnyourundergraduatedegreeinthreeyearsinsteadoffour,andsaveabout543,000—theamountofoneyear’stuitionandfees.Anumberofinnovativecollegesaremakingthesameoffertostudentsanxiousaboutsavingtimeandmoney.That’sbothanopportunityandawarningforthebesthigher-educationsystemintheworld.TheUnitedStateshasalmostalloftheworld’sbestuniversities.ArecentChinesesurveyranks35Americanuniversitiesamongthetop50,eightamongthetop10.OurresearchuniversitieshavebeenthekeytodevelopingthecompetitiveadvantagesthathelpAmericansproduce25%ofalltheworld’swealth.In2007,623,805oftheworld’sbrighteststudentswereattractedtoAmericanuniversities.Yet,therearesignsofperil(危險)withinAmericanhighereducation.U.S.collegeshavetocompeteinthemarketplace.Studentsmaychooseamong6,000public,private,nonprofit,forprofit,orreligiousinstitutionsofhigherlearning.Inaddition,almostallofthe532billionthefederalgovernmentprovidesforuniversityresearchisawardedcompetitively.Butmanycollegesanduniversitiesarestuckinthepast.Forinstance,theideaofthefall-to-spring“schoolyear”hasn’tchangedmuchsincebeforetheAmericanRevolution,whenwewereasummerstretchnolongermakessense.FormerGeorgeWashingtonUniversitypresidentStephenTrachtenbergestimatesthatatypicalcollegeusesitsfacilitiesforacademicpurposesalittlemorethanhalfthecalendaryear.“Whilecollegefacilitiessitidle,theycontinuetogeneratemaintenanceexpensesthatcontributetothehighcostofrunningacollege,”hehaswritten.Withinacademicdepartments,tenure(終身職位)，combinedwithage-discriminationlaws,makesfacultyturnover—criticalforauniversitytoremaincurrentinchangingtimes—difficult.Insteadofprotectingspeechandencouragingdiversityandinnovativethinking,thetenuresystemoftenstifles(壓制)them:youngerprofessorsmustwintheapprovalofestablishedcolleaguesfortenure,encouraginglike-mindednessandsometimesinhibitingthefreeflowofideas.Meanwhile,tuitionhassoared,leavinggraduatingstudentswithunprecedentedloandebt.Strongcampuspresidentstomanagetheseproblemsarebecominghardertofind,andtokeep.Infact,studentsnowstayoncampusalmostaslongastheirpresidents.Theaverageamountoftimestudentsnowtaketocompleteanundergraduatedegreehasstretchedtosixyearsandsevenmonthsasstudentsinterruptedbywork,inconveniencedbyunavailableclasses,orluredbyonemorefootballseasonfindithardtograduate.CongresshastriedtohelpstudentswithcollegecoststhroughPellGrantsandotherformsoftuitionsupport.Butsomeoftheirfixeshavemadetheproblemworse.ThestackofcongressionalregulationsgoverningfederalstudentgrantsandloansnowstandstwiceastallasIdo.Fillingouttheseformsconsumes7%ofeverytuitiondollar.Forallofthesereasons,somecollegeslikeHartwickarerethinkingtheoldwayofdoingthingsandquestioningdecades-oldassumptionsaboutwhatacollegedegreemeans.Forinstance,whydoesithavetotakefouryearstoearnadiploma?Thisfall,16first-yearstudentsandfoursecond-yearstudentsatHartwickenrolledintheschool’snewthreeyeardegreeprogram.Accordingtothecollege,theplanisdesignedforhigh-ability,highlymotivatedstudentwhowishtosavemoneyortomovealongmorerapidlytowardadvanceddegrees.Byeliminatingthatextrayear,thereyeardegreestudentssave25%incosts.Insteadoftaking30creditsayear,thesestudentstake40.DuringJanuary,Hartwickrunsafourweekcourseduringwhichstudentsmayearnthreetofourcreditsonoroffcampus,includinganumberofinternationalsites.Summercoursesarenotrequired,butastudentmayenrollinthem—andpayextra.Threeyearstudentsgetfirstcrackatcourseregistration.Therearenochangesinthenumberofcoursesprofessorsteachorintheirpay.Thethree-yeardegreeisn’tanewidea.Geniuseshavealwaysbreezedthrough.JudsonCollege,a350-studentinstitutioninAlabama,hasofferedstudentsathree-yearoptionfor40years.Studentsattend“shortterms”inMayandJunetoearnthecreditsrequiredforgraduation.BatesCollegeinMaineandBallStateUniversityinIndianaareamongothercollegesofferingthree-yearoptions.Changesatthehigh-schoollevelarealsohelpingtomakeiteasierformanystudentstoearntheirundergraduatedegreesinlesstime.OneoffivestudentsarrivesatcollegetodaywithAdvancedPlacement(AP)creditsamountingtoasemesterormoreofcollegelevelwork.Manyuniversities,includinglargeschoolsliketheUniversityofTexas,makeiteasyfortheseAPstudentstograduatefaster.Forstudentswhodon’tplantostopwithanundergraduatedegree,thethree-yearplanmayhaveanevengreaterappeal.Dr.JohnSergent,headofVanderbiltUniversityMedicalSchool’sresidency(住院醫(yī)生)program,enrolledinVanderbilt’sundergraduatecollegein1959.Heenteredmedicalschoolafteronlythreeyearsasdidfourorfiveofhisclassmates.”Myfirstyearofmedicalschoolcountedasmysenioryear,whichmeantIhadtotakethreetofourlabsaweektogetallmysciencesin.Ibasicallyskippedmysenioryear,”saysSergent.Hestillhadtimetobeastudentsenatorandmeethiswife.Thereare,however,drawbackstomovingthroughschoolatsuchabriskpace.Forone,itdeprivesstudentsoftheluxuryoftimetoroam(遨游)intellectually.Compressingeverythingintothreeyearsalsoleaveslesstimeforgrowingup,engaginginextracurricularactivities,andstudyingabroad.Oncrowdedcampusesitcouldmeanfeweropportunitiestogetintoaprizedprofessor’sclass.Iowa’sWaldorfCollegehasgraduatedseveralhundredstudentsinitsthree-yeardegreeprogram,butitnowphasingouttheoption.MostWaldorfstudentswantedthefullfour-yearexperience—academically,socially,andathletically.Andfacultymemberswillbewaryofanychangethatthreatensthecorecurriculuminthenameofmovingstudentsintotheworkforce.“Mosthighgovernmentalofficialsseemtoconceiveofeducationinthislight—asawaytoensureeconomiccompetitivenessandcontinuedeconomicgrowth,”DerekBok,formerpresidentofHarvard,toldTheWashingtonPost.“Istronglydisagreewiththisapproach.”Anotherrisk:thenewcampusschedulesmighteventuallyproducelessrevenuefortheinstitutionandlongerworkinghoursforfacultymembers.Adoptingathree-yearoptionwillnotcomeeasilytomostschool.ThosethatwishtotackletraditionandmakeAmericancampusmorecost-consciousmayfinditeasiertotakeTrachtenberg’sadvice:opencampusesQuestions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.22.A)Inabotanicalgarden.B)Inalectureroom.C)Inaresorttown.D)Onacattlefarm.23.A)Itisanidealplaceforpeopletoretireto.B)Itisatthecentreofthefashionindustry.C)Itremainsveryattractivewithitsmineralwaters.D)IthaskeptmanytraditionsfromVictoriantimes.24.A)Itwasnamedafteralandownerintheolddays.B)ItislocatedintheeasternpartofHarrogate.C)Itisprotectedasparklandbyaspeciallaw.D)Itwillbeusedasacentreforathletictraining.25.A)Thebeautifulflowers.B)Therefreshingair.C)Themineralwaters.D)Thevastgrassland.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageoneQuestions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.26.A)B)C)D)Hespecializesininterpersonalrelationship.27.A)Studentswhoscoredlowstandardizedtests.B)Blackfreshmenwithhighstandardizedtestscores.C)Studentswhoareaccustomedtolivingindorms.D)Blackstudentsfromfamilieswithlowincomes.28.A)Theyatthecollegedormsattheendofthesemester.B)Theywereoftheuniversity’shousingpolicy.C)Theygenerallyspendmoretimetogetherthatwhitepairs.D)Theybrokeupmoreoftenthansame-raceroommates.29.A)Theirracialattitudesimproved.B)Theirtestscoresrosegradually.C)Theygrewboredofeachother.D)Theystarteddoingsimilaractivities.PassagetwoQuestions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.30.A)Itwillbecomepopulargradually.B)Itwillchangetheconceptoffood.C)Ithasattractedworldwideattention.D)Itcanhelpsolveglobalfloodcrises.31.A)Ithasbeenincreasedovertheyears.B)IthasbeendrasticallycutbyNASA.C)Itisstillfarfrombeingsufficient.D)Itcomesregularlyfromitsdonors.32.A)Theyarelesshealthythanweexpected.B)Theyarenotasexpensiveasbelieve.C)Theyaremorenutritiousanddelicious.D)Theyarenotasnaturalaswebelieved.PassageThreeQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.33.A)Hehasbettermemoriesofchildhood.B)Hewasaccusedoffamilyviolence.C)Heisahabitualcriminal.D)Hewaswronglyimprisoned.34.A)Thejury’sprejudiceagainsthisrace.B)Theevidencefoundatthecrimescene.C)Thetwovictims’identification.D)Thetestimonyofhistwofriends.35.A)TheUSjudicialsystemhasmuchroomforimprovement.B)Frightenedvictimscanrarelymakecorrectidentification.C)Eyewitnessesareoftenmisledbythelayer’squestions.D)Manyfactorsinfluencetheaccuracyofwitnesstestimony.SECTIONBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumbered44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分的試題請在答題卡2上作答。About700,000childreninMexicodroppedoutofschoollastyearasrecession-strickenfamiliespushedkidstowork,andaweakeconomicrecoverywillallowonlya(36)_________improvementinthedrop-outratein2010,atopeducation(37)_________said.Mexico’seconomysufferedmorethananyotherinLatinAmericalastyear,(38)_________anestimated7percentduetoa(39)_________inU.S.demandforMexicanexportssuchascars.The(40)_________ledtoa4percentincreaseinthenumberofkidswholeft(41)_________ormiddleschoolin2009,saidJuandeDiosCastro,who(42)_________thenation’sadulteducationprogramandkeepsaclosewatchondrop-outrates.“(43)_________roseandthatisafactorthatmakesourjobmoredifficult.”CastrotoldReutersinaninterviewearlierthismonth.(44)_________________________________________________________________________________________.Asaresult,drop-outrateswillnotimprovemuch,Castrosaid.“Therewillbesomeimprovement,butnotsignificant,”Castrosaid.(45)_________________________________________________________________________________________.Andchildrenoftensellcandyandcraftsinthestreetsorwordinrestaurants.(46)__________________________________________________________________________________.Mexico’spoliticianshaveresistedmendingthecountry’stax,energyandlaborlawsfordecades,leavingitseconomybehindcountriessuchasBrazilandChile.PartⅣReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet2Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Infaceofglobalwarming,muchefforthasbeenfocusedonreducinggreenhousegasemissionsthroughavarietyofstrategies.Butwhilemuchoftheresearchandinnovationhasconcentratedonfindingless-pollutingenergyalternatives,itmaybedecadesbeforecleantechnologieslikewindandsolarmeetasignificantportionofourenergyneeds.Inthemeantime,theamountofCO2intheairisrapidlyapproachingthelimitsproposedbytheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC).“Aslongaswe’reconsumingfossilfuels,we’reputtingoutCO2,”saysKlausLackner,ageophysicistatColumbia,University”WecannotlettheCO2intheatmosphereriseindefinitely.”ThatsenseofurgencyhasincreasedinterestincapturingandstoringCO2,whichtheIPCCsayscouldprovidethemorethan50%reductioninemissionsthoughtneededtoreduceglobalwarming.“Weseethepotentialforcaptureandstoragetoplayanintegralroleinreducingemissions,”saysKimCorley,Shell’ssenioradvisorofCO2andenvironmentalaffairs.Thatforwardthinkingstrategyisgainingsupport.TheU.S.DepartmentofEnergyrecentlyproposedputting$1billionintoanew$2.4billioncoal-burningenergyplant.Theplant’scarbon-capturetechnologieswouldserveasapilotprojectforothernewcoal-burningplants.Butwhatdoyoudowiththegasonceyou’vecapturedit?Oneoptionistoputittonewuses.DakotaGasificationofNorthDakotacapturesCO2ataplantthatconvertscoalintosyntheticnaturalgas.Itthenshipsthegas200milesbypipelinetoCanada,whereitispumpedundergroundinoilrecoveryoperations.IntheNetherlands,ShelldeliversCO2tofarmerswhopipeitintotheirgreenhouses,increasingtheiryieldoffruitsandvegetables.However,scientistssaythatthescaleofCO2emissionswillrequirevastamountsoflong-termstorage.SomeproposestoringtheCO2incoalminesorliquidstorageintheocean,ShellfavorsstoringCO2indeepgeologicalstructuressuchassaline(鹽的)formationsandexhaustedoilandgasfieldsthatexistthroughouttheworld.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。47.Whataresuggestedasrenewableandless-pollutingenergyalternatives?48.WhatdoestheauthorsayisaforwardthinkingstrategyconcerningthereductionofCO2emissions?49.OnewayofhandingthecapturedCO2assuggestedbytheauthoristostoreitand.50.ThroughusingCO2,Dutchfarmershavebeenableto.51.Long-termstorageofCO2isnoeasyjobbecauseof.SectionBDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Asanyonewhohastriedtoloseweightknows,realisticgoal-settinggenerallyproducesthebestresults.That'spartiallybecauseitappearspeoplewhosetrealisticgoalsactuallyworkmoreefficiently,andexertmoreeffort,toachievethosegoals.What'sfarlessunderstoodbyscientists,however,arethepotentiallyharmfuleffectsofgoal-setting.Newspapersrelaydailyaccountsofgoal-settingprevalentinindustriesandbusinessesupanddownbothWallStreetandMainStreet,yettherehasbeensurprisinglylittleresearchonhowthelong-trumpetedpracticeofsettinggoalsmayhavecontributedtothecurrenteconomiccrisis,andunethical(不道德的)behavioringeneral.“Goalsarewidelyusedandpromotedashavingreallybeneficialeffects.Andyet,thesamemotivationthatcanpushpeopletoexertmoreeffortinaconstructivewaycouldalsomotivatepeopletobemorelikelytoengageinunethicalbehaviors,”saysMauriceSchweitzer,anassociateprofessoratPenn’sWhartonSchool.“Itturnsoutthere’snoeconomicbenefittojusthavingagoal---youjustgetapsychologicalbenefit”Schweitzersays.“Butinmanycases,goalshaveeconomicrewardsthatmakethemmorepowerful.”AprimeexampleSchweitzerandhiscolleaguesciteisthe2004collapseofenergy-tradinggiantEnron,wheremanagersusedfinancialincentivestomotivatesalesmentomeetspecificrevenuegoals.Theproblem,Schweitzersays,istheactualtradeswerenotprofitable.Otherstudieshaveshownthatsaddlingemployeeswithunrealisticgoalscancompelthemtolie,cheatorsteal.Suchwasthecaseintheearly1990swhenSearsimposedasalesquotaonitsautorepairstaff.Itpromptedemployeestooverchargeforworkandtocompleteunnecessaryrepairsonacompanywidebasis.Schweitzerconcedeshisresearchrunscountertoaverylargebodyofliteraturethatcommendsthemanybenefitsofgoal-setting.Advocatesofthepracticehavetakenissuewithhisteam’suseofsuchevidenceasnewsaccountstosupporthisconclusionthatgoal-settingiswidelyover-prescribedInarebuttal(反駁)paper,Dr.EdwinLockewrites:“Goal-settingisnotgoingaway.Organizationscannotthrivewithoutbeingfocusedontheirdesiredendresultsanymorethananindividualcanthrivewithoutgoalstoprovideasenseofpurpose.”ButSchweitzercontendsthe“mountingcausalevidence”linkinggoal-settingandharmfulbehaviorshouldbestudiedtohelpspotlightissuesthatmeritcautionandfurtherinvestigation.“Evenafewnegativeeffectscouldbesolargethattheyoutweighmanypositiveeffects,”hesays.“Goal-settingdoeshelpcoordinateandmotivatepeople.Myideawouldbetocombinethatwithcarefuloversight,astrongorganizationalculture,andmakesurethegoalsthatyouusearegoingtobeconstructiveandnotsignificantlyharmtheorganization,”Schweitzersays.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。52.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoconveyaboutgoal-setting?A)Itsnegativeeffectshavelongbeenneglected.B)Thegoalincreasepeople’sworkefficiency.C)Itsrolehasbeenlargelyunderestimated.D)Thegoalsmostpeoplesetareunrealistic.53.WhatdoesMauriceSchweitzerwanttoshowbycitingtheexampleofEnron?A)Settingrealisticgoalscanturnafailingbusinessintosuccess.B)Businessesarelesslikelytosucceedwithoutsettingrealisticgoals.C)Financialincentivesensurecompaniesmeetspecificrevenuegoals.D)Goalswithfinancialrewardshavestrongmotivationalpower.54.HowdidSears’goal-settingaffectitsemployees?A)Theywereobligedtoworkmorehourstoincreasetheirsales.B)Theycompetedwithoneanothertoattractmorecustomers.C)Theyresortedtounethicalpracticetomeettheirsalesquota.D)Theyimprovedtheircustomerserviceonacompanywidebasis.55.Whatdoadvocatesofgoal-settingthinkofSchweitzer’sresearch?A)Itsfindingsarenotofmuchpracticalvalue.B)Itexaggeratesthesideeffectsofgoal-setting.C)Itsconclusionisnotbasedonsolidscientificevidence.D)Itrunscountertotheexistingliteratureonthesubject.56.WhatisSchweitzer’scontentionagainstEdwinLocke?A)Thelinkbetweengoal-settingandharmfulbehaviordeservesfurtherstudy.B)Goal-settinghasbecometoodeep-rootedincorporateculture.C)Thepositiveeffectsofgoal-settingoutweighitsnegativeeffects.D)Studyinggoal-settingcanthrowmorelightonsuccessfulbusinesspractices.PassageTwoQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Formostofthe20thcentury,Asiaaskeditselfwhatitcouldlearnfromthemodern,innovatingWest.Nowthequestionmustbereversed.WhatcantheWest’soverlyindebtedandsluggish(經(jīng)濟滯長的)nationslearnfromaflourishingAsia?Justafewdecadesago,Asia’stwogiantswerestagnating(停滯不前)underfaultyeconomicideologies.However,onceChinabeganembracingfree-marketreformsinthe1980s,followedbyIndiainthe1990s,bothcountriesachievedrapidgrowth.Crucially,astheyopeneduptheirmarkets,theybalancedmarketeconomywithsensiblegovernmentdirection.AstheIndianeconomistAmartyaSenhaswiselysaid,“Theinvisiblehandofthemarkethasoftenreliedheavilyonthevisiblehandofgovernment.”ContrastthismiddlepathwithAmericaandEurope,whichhaveeachgoneideologicallyover-boardintheirownways.Sincethe1980s,Americahasbeenincreasinglyclingingtotheideologyofuncontrolledfreemarketsanddismissingtheroleofgovernment---followingRonaldRegan’sideathat“governmentisnotthesolutiontoourproblem;governmentistheproblem.“Ofcourse,whenthemarketscamecrashingdownin2007,itwasdecisivegovernmentinterventionthatsavedtheday.Despitethisfact,manyAmericansarestillstronglyopposedto“biggovernment.”IfAmericanscouldonlyfreethemselvesfromtheirantigovernmentdoctrine,theywouldbegintoseethattheAmerica’sproblemsarenotinsoluble.Afewsensiblefederalmeasurescouldputthecountrybackontherightpath.Asimpleconsumptiontaxof,say,5%wouldsignificantlyreducethecountry’shugegovernmentdeficitwithoutdamagingproductivity.AsmallgasolinetaxwouldhelpfreeAmericafromitsdependenceonoilimportsandcreateincentivesforgreenenergydevelopment.Inthesameway,asignificantreductionofwastefulagriculturalsubsidiescouldalsolowerthedeficit.Butinordertotakeadvantageofthesecommon-sensesolutions,Americanswillhavetoputasidetheirownattachmenttotheideaofsmallergovernmentandlessregulation.AmericanpoliticianswillhavetodevelopthecouragetofollowwhatistaughtinallAmericanpublic-policyschools:thattherearegoodtaxesandbadtaxes.Asiancountrieshaveembracedthiswisdom,andhavebuiltsoundlong-termfiscal(財政的)policiesasaresult.Meanwhile,Europehasfallenpreytoadifferentideologicaltrap:thebeliefthatEuropeangovernmentswouldalwayshaveinfiniteresourcesandcouldcontinueborrowingasiftherewerenotomorrow.UnliketheAmericans,whofeltthatthemarketsknewbest,theEuropeansfailedtoanticipatehowthemarketswouldreacttotheirendlessborrowing.Today,theEuropeanUnioniscreatinga$580billionfundtowardoffsovereigncollapse.ThiswillbuytheEUtime,butitwillnotsolvethebloc’slargerproblem.57.WhathascontributedtotherapideconomicgrowthinChinaandIndia?A)Copyingwestern-styleeconomicbehavior.B)Heavyrelianceonthehandofgovernment.C)Timelyreformofgovernmentatalllevels.D)Freemarketplusgovernmentintervention.58.WhatdoesRonaldReaganmeanbysaying“governmentistheproblem”(line4,Para.3)?A)Manysocialevilsarecausedbywronggovernmentpolicies.B)Manysocialproblemsarisefromgovernment’sinefficiency.C)Governmentactioniskeytosolvingeconomicproblems.D)Governmentregulationhinderseconomicdevelopment.59.WhatstoppedtheAmericaneconomyfromcollapsingin2007?A)Self-regulatoryrepairmechanismsofthefreemarket.B)Cooperationbetweenthegovernmentandbusinesses.C)Abandonmentofbiggovernmentbythepublic.D)Effectivemeasuresadoptedbythegovernment.60.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestiontotheAmericanpublicinfaceofthepublicgovernmentdeficit?A)Theyurgethegovernmenttoreviseitsexistingpublicpolicies.B)Theydevelopgreenenergytoavoiddependenceonoilimport.C)Theygiveuptheideaofsmallergovernmentandlessregulation.D)Theyputupwiththeinevitablesharpincreaseofdifferenttaxes.61.What’stheproblemwiththeEuropeanUnion?A)Conservativeideology.B)Shrinkingmarket.C)Lackofresources.D)Excessiveborrowing.PartVCloseDirections:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA)，B)，C)andD)ontherightsideofpaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答.Musicproducesprofoundandlastingchangesinthebrain.Schoolsshouldaddmusicclasses,notcutthem.Nearly20yearsago,asmallstudyadvancedthe62thatlisteningtoMozart’sSonataforTwoPianosinDMajorcouldboostmentalfunctioning.Itwasnotlong63trademarked“Mozarteffect”productsbegantoappealtoanxiousparentsaimingtoputtoddlers(剛學步的孩子)64thefasttracktoprestigiousuniversitieslikeHarvardandYale.Georgia’sgovernoreven65givingeverynewbornthereaclassicalCDorcassette.The66forMozarttherapyturnedouttobeweak,perhapsnonexistent,althoughthe67studyneverclaimedanythingmorethanatemporaryandlimitedeffect.Inrecentyears,68,scientistshaveexaminedthebenefitsofaconcerted69tostudyandpracticemusic,as70toplayingaMozartCDoracomputer-based“brainfitness”game71inawhile.Advancedmonitoring72haveenabledscientiststoseewhathappens73yourheadwhenyoulistentoyourmotherandactuallypracticetheviolinforanhoureveryafternoon.Andtheyhavefoundthatmusic74canproduceprofoundandlastingchangesthat75thegeneralabilitytolearn.Theseresultsshould76publicofficialsthatmusicclassesarenotameredecoration,ripefordiscardinginthebudgetcrisesthatconstantly77publicschools.Studieshaveshownthat78instrumenttrainingfromanearlyagecanhelpthebrainto79soundsbetter,makingiteasiertostayfocusedwhenabsorbingothersubjects,fromliteraturetomathematics.Themusicallyadept(擅長的)arebetterableto80onabiologylessondespitethenoiseintheclassroom81,afewyearslater,tofinishacallwithaclientwhenacolleagueinthenextofficestartsscreamingasubordinate