2023屆江西省九江市高三第一次高考模擬統(tǒng)一考試（一模）英語試題

2023屆江西省九江市高三第一次高考模擬統(tǒng)一考試（一模）英語試題一、閱讀理解HowtoprotectyourselfagainstCOVIDinsomeoccasionsTakingtheelevator/stairs*Wearamask.*Reducedirectcontactwiththeliftbuttons.*Avoidcrowdedelevators.*Maintaindistancefromothers.Noconversations.*Takethestairsifyourdestinationfloorisnothigh.Avoidcontactwiththehandrail.Commuting*Cobywalking,cyclingordrivingaprivatecar,ifpossible.*Wearamaskwhentakingpublictransportation.*Disinfectthehandlebarseatandotherpartsyoumaytouchbeforeusingasharedbike.Inoffice*Takeyourtemperatureasrequireduponarrival.*Airtheofficethreetimesaday,20-30minuteseachtime.*Coveryourfacewithtissueswhencoughingorsneezing.*Washyourhandsanddisinfectregularly.*Communicateonlinetoreduceface-to-faceinteractions.*Organizesmallerandshorterofflineconferences.Socialoccasion*Wavetogreetinsteadofdoinghandshakes.*Avoidcrowdedorpoorlyventilatedareas.*Keepa1-meterdistancefromotherswhilewailinginline.*Covernoseandmouthwithyourelbowortissueswhencoughingorsneezing.*Avoidunnecessarydinnerpartiesthatgathermanypeople.*Avoidpeakhourswhendiningout.Orderfoodandpaythebillinacontactlesswayifpossible.Athome*Ventilatetheroomswell.*Keeptheroomstidyandclean.*Drinkmorewaterandincreasefruitsandvegetablesinyourdiet.*Exerciseproperly.*Maintainaregularbedtimeandgetenoughrestandsleep.*Keepahealthyandpositivemood.1．Whichcolumnisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Lifestyle. B．Opinion. C．Health. D．Travel.2．WhatisadvisabletoprotectyoufromCOVID?A．Takeelevatorsasmuchaspossible.B．Arrangeofflinemeetingsfrequently.C．Exerciseproperlyandrestenough.D．Gotocrowdedareasatyourwill.3．Whoisthepassageintendedfor?A．Seniors. B．Students. C．Parents. D．Thepublic.Somebodygavemeanaward!Inmyentirelife,Ihaveonlyeverreceivedoneaward:in2000,IwasnamedMostHelpfulbymyuniversitydramasociety.Thistime,however,Iwonanactualaward!Admittedly,therewasnobigawardsceremony.justanemailandasocialmediapost.But,nevertheless,it’sgivenmeaglowofpride.Somebodyacknowledgedmyachievements!Theproblemisthatsocietyseemstofavoryouth.Thereareamillion‘30under30’listswhichIwasneveron,andyetitwasonlylastyearthatthemagazineForbeslaunchedits‘50over50’list.ButwhileIdon’twanttotakethoseawardsawayfromthekids,1knowifsomeonehaddeclaredmean‘up-and-coming’anythingat30,I’dhavebeenasterrifiedasIwasdelighted;somuchtoliveupto.Now,however,Iamgrabbingthatawardandshouting:“Atlast,therecognitionIdeserve!”,becauseIknowhowmuchworkI’veputin,andI’mnotabouttoletanyonelessenthat.IfIwastolisttheadvantagesofgettingolder,thentheabilitytorecognizemyaccomplishmentsandtobeproudofthemwouldbeattheverytop.Heardtoomanytimes,it’sboringtosaythatwewomenputourselvesdown,buttoooftenwepushawaypraise,ratherthantakingituplikethecatwhogotthecream.Formostofus,praiseisnotadailygift.So,whenitcomes,weneedtoallowourselvestoreceiveit.Andifnooneelseisgivingittous,weneedtogiveittoourselves.Itworkstheotherway,too.Mynewfavouritehobbyiswritingemailstotheheadofficesofrestaurantsandshops,totellthemhowlovelytheirstaffare.Itmakesmefeelgood,andIhopeitdoesthem,too.Afriendoncetoldmeaboutaself-developmentcourseshe’dbeenonwhereparticipantshadtoshout‘Iappriseofmydecision!’,andthenhigh-fivethemselves.Iputthisritualintomydailylife.Now,Iamdone.And,then,I’mwritingmyselfanemailofpraise.Because,likethataward,Ideserveit.4．Whatmadetheauthorfeelproudofgettingtheawardthistime?A．Thebigawardsceremony.B．Thesocialmediapost.C．Thesecondawardafterhergraduation.D．Therecognitionofherachievements.5．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellinparagraph3?A．Societypresentsunfairnesstoyouth.B．Heryears-longeffortpaysoffeventually.C．Sheisconfidentenoughtobesuperiortokids.D．Sheistooscaredtoliveuptoothers’expectations.6．Whatdoestheunderlined“ritual”inparagraph6probablymean?A．Practice.B．Course.C．Hobby.D．Need.7．Whatadvicewouldtheauthorliketogivewomen?A．Beingcontentwiththeirownlife.B．Beingappreciativeofthemselves.C．Beinggeneroustotheirlovelystaff.D．Beingmodestabouttheirachievements.Yourmorningcoffeecouldbeusedtomakeapairofsneakers,aFinnishstartupsays.Renscanmakenewshoesfromoldcoffee,cuttingbackonwasteintermsofspaceinlandfillsandmethane(甲烷)emissions.5,000supporterspromisedtoinvestover$500,000toseethesneakerscometolife.Upto21cupsofcoffeeand6recycledplasticbottlesareusedineachpairofshoes.Thesneakerscomein9differentcolorsandarewaterproofandsupercomfortable.Inaddition,thesneakerscanabsorbapeculiarsmell,andtheyaredesignedtobetakenoffandputoneasily.JesseTran,theco-founderofRens,wantedtodosomethingtohelpreducepeople’scarbon“footprint”,whileofferingapairofeverydayshoesthatisfunctionalandfashion-forward.“Withtheimprovementofenvironmentalawareness,theknowledgeofthecirculareconomyisalsoincreasing.Shoesmadefromrecycledcoffeepiecesmayseemnoveltosomepeople,butwewholeheartedlybelievethatthisisjustthebeginningofarevolutionintheclothingtechnologyandmanufacturingindustry,”saidTran.Sofar,250,000waterbottlesand750,000cupsofcoffeehavebeenturnedintotheseshoes.Thesmallcoffeesolidpiecesarecombinedinalow-heatenvironmentwithrecycledplastictocreateacoffeeyarnintheuppersectionoftheshoes,whilerecycledplasticismadeintotheotherparts,andthetreesap(液)thatbiodegrades(降解)createstheoutersole(鞋底).Whilethepriceisashighas$119onAmazon,theyofferfreedeliveryeverywhere,al-yearguaranteeonthewaterproofingtechnology,anda30-daymoney-backguaranteeaswell.8．Whatistheadvantageofthesneakersmadefromcoffee?A．Easytowash.B．Abletoafford.C．Comfortabletowear.D．Hardtodamage.9．WhatcanweinferaccordingtoJesseTran?A．Actionmustbetakenforenvironmentalprotection.B．Manufacturingindustriesarepromisinginrecycling.C．Shoesmadefromrecycledcoffeeisoutofdate.D．Thecirculareconomyisunfamiliarlothepublic.10．Whatcanbemadeintotheoutersoleofthesneaker?A．Thesmallcoffeepieces.B．Thecombinedcoffeeyarn.C．Therecycledwaterbottles.D．Thebiodegradedtreesap.11．Whatisthesuitabletitleofthepassage?A．ShoesMadeinaGreenWayB．CoffeeRecycledinaCreativeWayC．TheRevolutionofManufacturingIndustryD．TheImprovementofEnvironmentalAwarenessAsmalldevicenobiggerthanatoasterhasgeneratedoxygenonthesurfaceofMars,bringingthechancesofsurvivingontheredplanetastepcloser.ResearchpublishedinthejournalScienceAdvancesreportedthatTheMarsOxygenIn-SituResourceUtilisationExperiment,betterknownasMoxie,producedbreathableoxygeninsevenhour-longtestsconductedinvariousweatherandatmosphericconditionssincelandinglastyear.Duringeachtest,thedeviceproducedsixgramsofoxygen,aboutthesameasasmalltreeandenoughtosustainanastronautfor15minutes.“Thisisthefirstdemonstrationofactuallyusingresourcesonthesurfaceofanotherplanet’sbodyandtransformingthemchemicallyintosomethingthatwouldbeusefulforahumanmission,”JeffreyHoffman,aretiredastronaut,said.Hoffman,77,aprofessorattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)aeronauticsdepartment,saidtheresultswere“historic”.NASAandtheMITteamareplanningtobuildabiggerversionofMoxie.TheyhopeadvancedmodelswillproduceenoughoxygentosupportacrewedmissiontoMarsandgeneratethegasneededtosendarocketbacktoEarth.“TosupportahumanmissiontoMarswehavetobringalotofstufffromEarth.”Hoffmansaid.ThethinatmosphereonMarsis96percentcarbondioxideandmuchmorevariablethanonEarth.“Thedensityoftheaircanvarybyafactoroftwothroughtheyear,andthetemperaturecanvaryby100degrees,”Hoffmansaid.“OneobjectiveistoshowwecanrunMoxieinallseasons.”Thedeviceusespumpsthatsuckincarbondioxide.Thegasishealedto800℃andcompressedtoseparatethecarbonandoxygen.Carbonmonoxide(一氧化碳)isemittedaswastewhilethepureoxygenisleftbehind.Scalingup(按比例放大)thedevicetosupportahumanmissiontoMarspresentschallenges.NASAandMITsayMoxiewouldneedtoruncontinuouslyfor400days,aleapfromtheone-hourtests.Themachinewouldrequireinsulation,aspecialmaterial,tocontrolitsinternaltemperature.Moxiehasproveddurable(持久的)intheextremeconditionsonMars,however,andtheteamplanstoassessthemachine’slimitsinthecomingmonths.12．WhichwordbestdescribesHoffman’sattitudetoMoxie?A．Skeptical.B．Tolerant.C．Positive.D．Critical.13．WhatisthelaststepofMoxie’sworking?A．Totakeincarbondioxide.B．Toseparatethecarbonandoxygen.C．Topressthecarbondioxidetogether.D．Toheatthecarbondioxideto800℃.14．WhyareNASAandtheMITplanningtoscaleupMoxie?A．TobringstufftoMars.B．TosendrocketstoMars.C．Tocontrolitsinternaltemperature.D．TosupportahumanmissiontoMars.15．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．OxygenproductiononMarsmakesitpossibletosurvivethere.B．Moxieproducedenoughoxygentosupportahumanmission.C．AtoasterontheMarsproducedbreathableoxygeninthetests.D．TheteamplanstoassessMoxie’slimitsinthecomingmonths.二、七選五TraditionalChinesemedicinetheoriesemphasizetheimportanceofpreventionovercure.Thus,findingwaystostrengthenthebodyduringwinterhasprovedaneffectivemethodforurbancitizenstokeepthemselvessafefromtheseason’sillnesses,_16_Gaofang,aconcentratedhalfsolidpaste(糊),includesadozendifferentherbal(草本的)medicinesandspecialingredients._17_.Somevarietiesareavailablyready-madewhileothervariationscanbemadedirectlybychemistsaccordingtoaTCMprescription(處方).OriginatingintheHanandTangdynasties,Gaofang,particularlyusefulamongthosewithweakimmunesystemsandchronic(慢性)diseases,hasbeenpraisedasanimportantpartofChinesemedicaltheoryandmethods,withthekeyprinciplebeinga”unityofmanandnature,andcuringthroughacombinationofnutritionandrecoverytogainbetterhealth"._18_,includingprescriptionwriting,preparingandwettingtheingredients,brewing(釀造),settlingandconcentratingandthenthefinalpackaging._19_.Infact,aslongasadoctorthinksitnecessaryandwritesprescriptionsinlinewiththepatient’sownphysicalandhealthcondition,itisatherapythathasprovedeffectiveandhelpfulthroughoutalltheseasons.HavingpreparedGaofangforover40years,Yu,who’sinhis60s,saysTCMknowledgeplusexperienceplaysavitalroleinmakingit,witheachdosecontainingupto50herbalmaterials.dependingonthedifferentprescriptionsofthepatients.Withthethousand-year-oldtraditionwell-preserved,_20_,bettercateringtotheconsumptionandmarketneedsofyoungergenerationsinChina.A．GaofangisusuallypreparedoveravarietyofstepsB．especiallytakingintoconsiderationtheirbusycitylivesC．ManypeoplethinkGaofangcanonlybetakeninwinterD．preservingthelong-lastingtraditionofmakingGaofangbyhandE．TheChineseherbalprescriptionisusedtostrengthenenergyinwinterF．TCMpractitionershavedevelopednewwaystopromoteandmarkettheseproductsonlineG．Inaddition,foodslikelotusseeds,reddatesandcrystalsugarareaddedtoimprovethetaste三、完形填空IoncejoinedagroupofelderlyadventurersinclimbingtheHimalayas.ThoughIwastheyoungestmemberoftheexpedition,Iwastheonlyonewho___21___.Ieventuallygaveup,whilethey___22___madeittothepeakofthemountain.Focusingonthegoalofreachingthepeakand___23___bywhatstilllayahead,Iwasunabletoenjoytheclimb,soIlostmydesireandmy___24___tocarryon.Theyalsofocusedonthepeakbut___25___tomakesuretheywerestayingon___26___,becausetheythoughtreachingthepeakitselfwasnotthemostimportant.___27___thattheywereheadedintherightdirection___28___themtofocustheirattentionandenjoyeachstepatthesametime.Focusingon___29___ishumannature,butwithoutenjoyingemotional____30____intheprocess,itisratherdifficultto____31____thelong-termaction.Thegreatestbenefitthatgoals____32____isdirection,and____33____wehaveacleardirection,allourenergycanbefocusedonthe____34____.Andfocusingonprocessesleadstomore____35____overthelongterm.Ifwewanttobeagreatwriter,thenhavingabest-sellingbookisagoal.Butthe____36____onlywaytoreachthatresultistofallinlovewiththeprocessof____37____.Ifwewanttobeinthebest____38____,thenlosing20poundsmightbenecessary.Buttheonlywaytoreachthatresultistofallinlovewiththeprocessofeatinghealthilyand____39____consistently.So,let’s____40____theprocessofdoinganything.Allthejourneyisareward.21．A．competed B．explored C．struggled D．suffered22．A．confidently B．breathlessly C．carefully D．effortlessly23．A．inspired B．impressed C．disturbed D．a(chǎn)bandoned24．A．a(chǎn)bility B．strength C．effort D．interest25．A．only B．even C．hardly D．ever26．A．course B．duty C．holiday D．business27．A．Hearing B．Knowing C．Realizing D．Recognizing28．A．a(chǎn)dvised B．drove C．a(chǎn)llowed D．forbade29．A．dreams B．goals C．directions D．promises30．A．satisfaction B．comfort C．relief D．demand31．A．callfor B．workout C．putoff D．keepup32．A．share B．guarantee C．support D．provide33．A．unless B．until C．once D．while34．A．a(chǎn)ction B．process C．desire D．destination35．A．results B．solutions C．responses D．a(chǎn)ssumptions36．A．effective B．practical C．wonderful D．wise37．A．writing B．reading C．traveling D．shopping38．A．mood B．praise C．interest D．shape39．A．relaxing B．exercising C．playing D．sleeping40．A．try B．restart C．slow D．enjoy四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式。Videosof77-year-oldXuXiuzhen,whospeaksdifferentlanguageswithforeignerswhileworkingatascenicspotsellingwater,postcardsandheaddressflowers,havebroughtherinstantfame.Xu’svillageislocatedatthebaseofMoonHill,___41___populartouristdestinationfamousforamoon-shapedholeatthesummit.She___42___(work)asatourguideandvendor(小販)inYangshuosince1998,___43___theareabecamepopularwithforeignbackpackersandorganizedtours.XusaidshewouldchangewordsinanylanguageintoChinesecharacters___44___(base)ontheirpronunciationsandthenmemorizethem.Sheaddedthatshewouldrepeatthewordsinherhead___45___goingtobedandafterwakingup,becauseithasgivenher___46___(fluent)inbasicconversationswithforeigners.Overthepasttwodecades,Xuhastaught___47___(she)11foreignlanguages,includingEnglish,Spanish,JapaneseandKorean.Inadditiontomakingher___48___(incredible)popular,hergreatlinguisticskillhasmadeiteasierforher___49___(communicate)withforeigntourists.XuhasalsobecomeoneofthebusiesttourguidesinYangshuo,____50____(attract)alargecrowdoftouristseveryday,especiallyforeignvisitors,whocometomeetthemultilingualguideoutofadmiration.五、短文改錯(cuò)51．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號().并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用(＼)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Recentlyourclasshavehadadebate.ItstopicfocusesonifitisnecessarytousehightechnologytobeautifythePalaceMuseum.Asforthis,differentstudentsholddifferentopinion.SomeareinfavorofthecreativeideabecauseoftheuseofhightechnologycanaddbeautytothePalaceMuseum,thusmakeitmoreattractivetovisitors.Therefore,thosewhoareagainsttheideathinksthatthistechnologywilldestroytheoriginalappearanceofthePalaceMuseum.Moreimportant,itisextremelyessentialtorespectthehistoryandtradition.Frommepointofview,othermeasurescanbetakenattractmorevisitors.Andit’sourdutytoprovidethecompleteandgenuineancientpalacefortheworld.六、開放性作文52．任何人生活或?qū)W習(xí)中都會遇到困難,尤其在這個(gè)嚴(yán)重疫情期間。請你以“MyMeaningfulExperienceduringthePandemic”為題,用英語寫一篇短文投稿。內(nèi)容包括:1.你的經(jīng)歷；2.體會和感想。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.短文題日和首句已為你寫好。MyMeaningfulExperienceduringthePandemicAswegrowup,weareboundtomeetwithsomeobstaclesinlife.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：1．C

2．C

3．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章旨在告誡大眾注在各種情況下多加注意，防止感染新冠。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文標(biāo)題“HowtoprotectyourselfagainstCOVIDinsomeoccasions(在某些情況下如何保護(hù)自己避免感染新冠)”可知，本文應(yīng)該來自健康板塊。故選C項(xiàng)。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Athome部分倒數(shù)第三點(diǎn)“*Exerciseproperly.(適當(dāng)鍛煉)”和倒數(shù)第二點(diǎn)“*Maintainaregularbedtimeandgetenoughrestandsleep.(保持規(guī)律的就寢時(shí)間，充分休息和睡眠)”可知，為了防止感染新冠，應(yīng)該適當(dāng)鍛煉并保持充分睡眠。故選C項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)本文標(biāo)題“HowtoprotectyourselfagainstCOVIDinsomeoccasions(在某些情況下如何保護(hù)自己避免感染新冠)”可知，本文是寫給新冠疫情下的普通大眾，告知他們在不同情況下該如何避免被感染。故選D項(xiàng)。4．D

5．B

6．A

7．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者講述自己再次取得成功的故事，她因?yàn)樽约旱某删偷玫搅顺姓J(rèn)而特別自豪，并且發(fā)出感悟：我們應(yīng)該多鼓勵(lì)、贊賞自己。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段后兩句“But,nevertheless,it’sgivenmeaglowofpride.Somebodyacknowledgedmyachievements!(但無論如何，這給了我一種自豪感。有人承認(rèn)了我的成就！)”可知，這次獲獎(jiǎng)作者之所以這么自豪，是因?yàn)橛腥顺姓J(rèn)了她的成就。故選D項(xiàng)。5．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Now,however,Iamgrabbingthatawardandshouting:“Atlast,therecognitionIdeserve!”,becauseIknowhowmuchworkI’veputin,andI’mnotabouttoletanyonelessenthat.(然而，現(xiàn)在，我抓住了這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)并大喊：“終于，我應(yīng)得的認(rèn)可！”因?yàn)槲抑牢腋冻隽硕嗌倥Γ也粫屓魏稳速H低這一點(diǎn)。)”可知，這一段作者主要想要表達(dá)她付出了很多努力，并且最終取得成功。故選B項(xiàng)。6．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第六段第一句“Afriendoncetoldmeaboutaself-developmentcourseshe’dbeenonwhereparticipantshadtoshout‘Iappriseofmydecision!’,andthenhigh-fivethemselves.(有一次，一位朋友告訴我，她參加了一個(gè)自我發(fā)展課程，參與者必須大喊“我知道我的決定了！”，然后自己擊掌。)”可知，作者從朋友的一門課程中學(xué)到要自我激勵(lì)，而劃線句提到的ritual前有指示代詞this，故這個(gè)單詞表達(dá)的內(nèi)容前文已經(jīng)提到過，故推測它的含義為“把課程所學(xué)投諸實(shí)踐，作為人生的慣例”，劃線詞所在句Iputthisritualintomydailylife翻譯為“我把這一慣例應(yīng)用在自己的日常生活”語句通順，且也得到了下文“Now,Iamdone.And,then,I’mwritingmyselfanemailofpraise.(現(xiàn)在我完成了。并且，我給自己寫了封表揚(yáng)郵件。)”的印證。故選A項(xiàng)。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句“Formostofus,praiseisnotadailygift.So,whenitcomes,weneedtoallowourselvestoreceiveit.Andifnooneelseisgivingittous,weneedtogiveittoourselves.(對我們大多數(shù)人來說，贊美不是日常的禮物。所以，當(dāng)它來臨時(shí)，我們需要讓自己接受它。如果沒有人給我們，我們需要給自己。)”可知，作者會給女性提的建議可能是“女性應(yīng)該欣賞，贊賞自己”。故選B項(xiàng)。8．C

9．B

10．D

11．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了新興公司通過咖啡碎渣制作鞋子，鞋子舒適度高，而且能保護(hù)環(huán)境。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Thesneakerscomein9differentcolorsandarewaterproofandsupercomfortable.(運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋有9種不同的顏色，防水且超級舒適。)”可知，咖啡制碎渣成的鞋子很舒服。故選C項(xiàng)。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Shoesmadefromrecycledcoffeepiecesmayseemnoveltosomepeople,butwewholeheartedlybelievethatthisisjustthebeginningofarevolutionintheclothingtechnologyandmanufacturingindustry(用回收的咖啡碎渣制成的鞋子對一些人來說可能很新奇，但我們堅(jiān)信這只是服裝技術(shù)和制造業(yè)革命的開始)”可知，JesseTran認(rèn)為咖啡碎渣制作鞋子只是開始，今后會繼續(xù)革命，因此可推測他認(rèn)為制造業(yè)在回收方面大有可為。故選B項(xiàng)。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Thesmallcoffeesolidpiecesarecombinedinalow-heatenvironmentwithrecycledplastictocreateacoffeeyarnintheuppersectionoftheshoes,whilerecycledplasticismadeintotheotherparts,andthetreesap(液)thatbiodegrades(降解)createstheoutersole(鞋底).(小的咖啡固體塊在低熱環(huán)境中與回收塑料結(jié)合，在鞋的上部形成咖啡紗線，而回收塑料被制成其他部分，而生物降解的樹液形成外鞋底。)”可知，外鞋底是由生物降解的樹液制成的。故選D項(xiàng)。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Yourmorningcoffeecouldbeusedtomakeapairofsneakers,aFinnishstartupsays.Renscanmakenewshoesfromoldcoffee,cuttingbackonwasteintermsofspaceinlandfillsandmethane(甲烷)emissions.(芬蘭一家新興公司表示，你的早晨咖啡可以用來做一雙運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋。Rens公司可以用舊咖啡制作新鞋，減少垃圾填埋場的空間和甲烷排放。)”可知，本文主要介紹這個(gè)公司的產(chǎn)品：使用回收的咖啡制成的鞋能保護(hù)環(huán)境，因此本文主旨在于討論更綠色環(huán)保的方式生產(chǎn)的鞋。故選A項(xiàng)。12．C

13．B

14．D

15．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了Moxie這一裝置，能夠通過實(shí)驗(yàn)操作在火星上生產(chǎn)出氧氣，這使得在火星上生存的可能性增加。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句““Thisisthefirstdemonstrationofactuallyusingresourcesonthesurfaceofanotherplanet’sbodyandtransformingthemchemicallyintosomethingthatwouldbeusefulforahumanmission,”JeffreyHoffman,aretiredastronaut,said.(退休宇航員杰弗里·霍夫曼表示：“這是第一次實(shí)際利用另一顆行星表面的資源，并將其化學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)化為對人類任務(wù)有用的物質(zhì)?！?”可知，杰弗里·霍夫曼認(rèn)為火Moxie能利用另一個(gè)行星表面物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)換成對人類有用的物質(zhì)，即他對Moxie的態(tài)度是積極的。故選C項(xiàng)。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Thedeviceusespumpsthatsuckincarbondioxide.Thegasishealedto800℃andcompressedtoseparatethecarbonandoxygen.Carbonmonoxide(一氧化碳)isemittedaswastewhilethepureoxygenisleftbehind.(該設(shè)備使用吸入二氧化碳的泵。將氣體加熱至800℃并壓縮以分離碳和氧。一氧化碳作為廢物排放，而純氧被留下。)”可知，該設(shè)備運(yùn)行的最后一步為分離碳和氧。故選B項(xiàng)。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段“Scalingup(按比例放大)thedevicetosupportahumanmissiontoMarspresentschallenges.(擴(kuò)大該設(shè)備的規(guī)模以支持人類前往火星的任務(wù)呈現(xiàn)出挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知，擴(kuò)大設(shè)備規(guī)模的目的是為了支持人類前往火星的任務(wù)。故選D項(xiàng)。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“AsmalldevicenobiggerthanatoasterhasgeneratedoxygenonthesurfaceofMars,bringingthechancesofsurvivingontheredplanetastepcloser.(一個(gè)不比烤面包機(jī)大的小裝置在火星表面產(chǎn)生了氧氣，使在這顆紅色星球上生存的機(jī)會更近了一步。)”可知，本文主要說明這個(gè)小裝置在火星生產(chǎn)了氧氣，使得在火星生產(chǎn)的可能性增加，故選項(xiàng)A“OxygenproductiononMarsmakesitpossibletosurvivethere.(火星上的氧氣生產(chǎn)使得在那里生存成為可能。)”是對本文主旨的總結(jié)。故選A項(xiàng)。16．B

17．G

18．A

19．C

20．F【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中醫(yī)醫(yī)療的作用和發(fā)展歷史。16．上文“Thus,findingwaystostrengthenthebodyduringwinterhasprovedaneffectivemethodforurbancitizenstokeepthemselvessafefromtheseason’sillnesses(因此，尋找在冬季加強(qiáng)身體的方法已被證明是城市居民保護(hù)自己免受季節(jié)疾病侵害的有效方法)”提到了城市居民，選項(xiàng)B中citylives是關(guān)鍵詞，especially是對上文的強(qiáng)調(diào)說明，所以B選項(xiàng)“尤其是考慮到他們繁忙的城市生活”承接上文內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。17．上文“Gaofang,aconcentratedhalfsolidpaste(糊),includesadozendifferentherbal(草本的)medicinesandspecialingredients.(“膏方”是一種濃縮的半固態(tài)膏藥，包括十幾種不同的草藥和特殊成分。)”提到了這種半固態(tài)膏藥的成分，選項(xiàng)G中added是關(guān)鍵詞，說明了還有其它成分被加入，所以G選項(xiàng)“此外，還會加入蓮子、紅棗和冰糖等食物來改善口感”承接上文內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選G項(xiàng)。18．下文“includingprescriptionwriting,preparingandwettingtheingredients,brewing(釀造),settlingandconcentratingandthenthefinalpackaging.(包括處方的撰寫，原料的準(zhǔn)備和潤濕，沖泡，沉淀和濃縮，最后包裝。)”提到了膏方包括的一些步驟，選項(xiàng)A中steps是關(guān)鍵詞，引起下文內(nèi)容，所以A選項(xiàng)“膏方的制作通常需要多個(gè)步驟”能引起下文，符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。19．下文“Infact,aslongasadoctorthinksitnecessaryandwritesprescriptionsinlinewiththepatient’sownphysicalandhealthcondition,itisatherapythathasprovedeffectiveandhelpfulthroughoutalltheseasons.(事實(shí)上，只要醫(yī)生認(rèn)為有必要，并根據(jù)患者自身的身體和健康狀況開出處方，它就是一種一年四季都被證明有效和有益的治療方法。)”提到了季節(jié)問題，選項(xiàng)C中winter是關(guān)鍵詞，與下文的seasons呼應(yīng)，所以C選項(xiàng)“很多人認(rèn)為膏方只能在冬天服用”和下文連接緊密，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。20．下文“bettercateringtotheconsumptionandmarketneedsofyoungergenerationsinChina.(更好地迎合中國年輕一代的消費(fèi)和市場需求。)”提到了迎合年輕一代的需求，選項(xiàng)F中newways是關(guān)鍵詞，下文是新方法的結(jié)果，采用了新方法產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果是迎合了年輕人的需要，所以F選項(xiàng)“中醫(yī)從業(yè)人員開發(fā)了新的方法來在線推廣和銷售這些產(chǎn)品”符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。21．C

22．D

23．C

24．B

25．A

26．A

27．B

28．C

29．B

30．A

31．D

32．D

33．C

34．B

35．A

36．B

37．A

38．D

39．B

40．D【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇夾敘夾議的文章。作者通過自己登山失敗的經(jīng)歷，告訴讀者不要太注重目標(biāo)，應(yīng)該要好好享受做事情的過程，這樣才會帶來更多更好的結(jié)果。21．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我是探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)里最年輕的，但我卻是唯一一個(gè)掙扎的。A.competed競爭；B.explored探索；C.struggled掙扎，費(fèi)力；D.suffered遭受，經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)空前“ThoughIwastheyoungestmemberoftheexpedition,Iwastheonlyonewho”可知，此處指盡管我最年輕，體力最好，但我卻是唯一一個(gè)很費(fèi)力的人，故選C。22．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最終我放棄了，然而他們卻成功地登上了山頂。A.confidently自信地；B.breathlessly氣喘吁吁地；C.carefully小心地，仔細(xì)地；D.effortlessly毫不費(fèi)力地。根據(jù)空前“Ieventuallygaveup,whilethey”可知，此處while表示對比，我放棄了，然而他們卻毫不費(fèi)力地登上了山頂，故選D。23．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：將目標(biāo)放在登上山頂，且為未來的事情感到不安，我無法享受這一爬行，因此我失去了繼續(xù)攀登的想法和力氣。A.inspired鼓舞；B.impressed留下印象；C.disturbed打擾，使焦慮；D.abandoned拋棄、放棄。根據(jù)空后“bywhatstilllayahead”可知，此處指為未來的事情感到焦慮，感到不安，故選C。24．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.ability能力；B.strength力氣，力量；C.effort努力；D.interest興趣。根據(jù)空后“tocarryon”可知，此處指失去了繼續(xù)登上的力氣，故選B。25．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們也專注于山頂，但是他們卻只保證他們一直在路上，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為登上山頂本身不是最重要的。A.only只，僅僅；B.even甚至；C.hardly幾乎不；D.ever曾經(jīng)。根據(jù)空后“tomakesuretheywerestayingon6,”可知，此處指他們卻只保證自己一直在路上，故選A。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.course過程，道路；B.duty責(zé)任；C.holiday假期；D.business生意。根據(jù)前文“IoncejoinedagroupofelderlyadventurersinclimbingtheHimalayas.”可知，此處指他們確保自己一直在登山的路上，故選A。27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：知道他們朝著正確的方向前進(jìn)，這讓他們能夠在集中注意力的同時(shí)，享受他們腳下的每一步。A.Hearing聽說；B.Knowing知道；C.Realizing意識到；D.Recognizing識別，辨認(rèn)。根據(jù)空后“thattheywereheadedintherightdirection8themtofocustheirattentionandenjoyeachstepatthesametime.”可知，此處指知道自己朝著正確的方向前進(jìn)，故選B。28．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.advised建議；B.drove驅(qū)使，駕駛；C.allowed允許，讓；D.forbad禁止。根據(jù)空后“themtofocustheirattentionandenjoyeachstepatthesametime.”可知，此處指知道自己朝著正確的方向前進(jìn)能讓他們在集中注意力的同時(shí)，享受他們腳下的每一步，故選C。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：把注意力放在目標(biāo)上是人類的天性，但在過程中未能享受情感的滿足，就很難去堅(jiān)持這一長期的活動(dòng)。A.dreams夢想；B.goals目標(biāo)；C.directions方向；D.promises承諾。根據(jù)前文“Focusingonthegoalofreachingthepeakand3bywhatstilllayahead,Iwasunabletoenjoytheclimb,soIlostmydesireandmy4tocarryon.”可知，此處指人類容易過分在意完成目標(biāo)，故選B。30．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.satisfaction滿意，滿足；B.comfort安慰，舒適；C.relief放松；D.demand要求。根據(jù)空前“butwithoutenjoyingemotional”可知，此處指未能享受過程中的滿足感，故選A。31．考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.callfor要求；B.workout解決，計(jì)算；C.putoff推遲；D.keepup堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)空后“thelong-termaction”可知，此處指很難去堅(jiān)持這一長期的活動(dòng)，故選D。32．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：目標(biāo)帶來的最大的好處就是方向，一旦我們有了清楚的方向，我們所有的精力都能放在這個(gè)過程中。A.share分享；B.guarantee保證；C.support支持；D.provide提供，帶來。根據(jù)空前“Thegreatestbenefitthatgoals”可知，此處指目標(biāo)帶來的最大的好處，故選D。33．考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.unless除非；B.until直到；C.once一旦；D.while然而，當(dāng)。根據(jù)空后“wehaveacleardirection,allourenergycanbefocusedonthe14.”可知，此處指一旦我們有了清楚的方向，故選C。34．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.action行動(dòng)；B.process過程；C.desire欲望，渴望；D.destination目的地。根據(jù)后文“Andfocusingonprocessesleadstomore15overthelongterm.”可知，此處指我們有了清楚的方向，我們所有的精力都能放在這個(gè)過程中，故選B。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：專注于這個(gè)過程就會帶來更多的結(jié)果。A.results結(jié)果；B.solutions解決方法；C.responses回復(fù)，回應(yīng)；D.assumptions假設(shè)。根據(jù)后文“Butthe16onlywaytoreachthatresultistofallinlovewiththeprocessof17.”可知，此處指專注于過程就能帶來更多的結(jié)果，故選A。36．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是達(dá)到那種結(jié)果的唯一不錯(cuò)的方式就是喜歡上寫作的過程。A.effective有效果的；B.practical實(shí)際的，切實(shí)可行的；C.wonderful不錯(cuò)的，精彩的；D.wise明智的。根據(jù)空后“onlywaytoreachthatresultistofallinlovewiththeprocessof17.”可知，此處指達(dá)到那種結(jié)果切實(shí)可行的方式就是愛上寫作，故選B。37．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.writing寫作；B.reading閱讀；C.traveling旅行；D.shopping購物。根據(jù)前文“Ifwewanttobeagreatwriter,”可知，此處指愛上寫作的過程，故選A。38．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們想要保持最佳的體形，那么減掉20磅也許是很有必要的。A.mood心情；B.praise表揚(yáng)；C.interest興趣；D.shape體形，形狀。根據(jù)后文“thenlosing20poundsmightbenecessary.”可知，此處指保持最佳的體形，故選D。39．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是達(dá)到那種結(jié)果唯一的方式就是愛上健康飲食和堅(jiān)持鍛煉的過程。A.relaxing放松；B.exercising鍛煉；C.playing玩耍；D.sleeping睡覺。根據(jù)前文“Ifwewanttobeinthebest18,thenlosing20poundsmightbenecessary.”可知，此處指保持體形需要堅(jiān)持鍛煉，故選B。40．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，讓我們一起來享受做任何事情的過程吧。A.try嘗試；B.restart重新啟動(dòng)；C.slow減緩；D.enjoy享受，喜歡。根據(jù)前文“Andfocusingonprocesseslea