2015高考英語全國新課標(biāo)1卷(含詳細(xì)解析)

絕密★啟用前2015年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試新課標(biāo)1英語第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分60分）（共15小題；每小題3分，滿分45分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AMonthlyTalksatLondonCanalMuseumOurmonthlytalksstartat19:30onthefirstThursdayofeachmonthexceptAugust.Admissionisatnormalchargesandyoudon’tneedtobook.Theyendaround21:00.November7thTheCanalPioneers,byChrisLewis.JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers.Hewasalsoamajorplayerintrainingothersintheartofcanalplanningandbuilding.ChrisLewiswillexplainhowBrindleymadesuchapositivecontributiontotheeducationofthatgroupofearly“civilengineers”.December5thIcefortheMetropolis,byMalcolmTucker.Wellbeforethearrivaloffreezers,therewasademandforiceforfoodpreservationandcatering,Malcolmwillexplainthehistoryofimportingnaturaliceandthetechnologyofbuildingicewells,andhowLondon’sicetradegrew.February6thAnUpdateontheCotswordCanals,byLizPayne.TheStroudwaterCanalismovingtowardsreopening.TheThamesandSevernCanalwilltakealittlelonger.Wewillhaveareportonthepresentstateofplay.March6thEyotsandAits-ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.TheThameshadmanyislands.Mirandahasundertakenareviewofallofthem.Shewilltellusaboutthoseofgreatestinterest.Onlinebookings:.uk/bookMoreinto:.uk/whatsonLondonCanalMuseum12-13NewWharfRoad,LondonNI9RT.ukwww.canalmuseum.mobiTel:0207713083621.WhenisthetalkonJamesBrindley?A.February6th.B.March6th.C.November7th.D.December5th.22.WhatisthetopicofthetalkinFebruary?A.TheCanalPioneers.B.IcefortheMetropolisC.EyotsandAits-ThamesIslandsD.AnUpdateontheCotswordCanals23.WhowillgivethetalkontheislandsintheThames.A.MirandaVickersB.MalcolmTuckerC.ChrisLewisD.LizPayne21.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句JamesBrindleyisrecognizedasoneoftheleadingearlycanalengineers.所對應(yīng)的日期November7th.。故選C。22.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段February6th中的第一句AnUpdateontheCotswordCanals,byLizPayne.TheStroudwaterCanalismovingtowardsreopening.可以得出答案。故選D。23.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段第一句EyotsandAits-ThamesIslands,byMirandaVickers.可以知道做報(bào)告的人是MirandsVickets。故選A?？键c(diǎn)：廣告布告類短文閱讀BThefreezingNortheasthasn’tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethiswinter,sowhenthechancecameforaweekendtoSarasota,Florida,mybagswerepackedbeforeyoucouldsay“sunshine”.IleftforthelandofwarmthandvitaminC(維生素C),thinkingofbeachesandorangeFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras,”explainsthePompidouCentre.Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg.28.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeDaliaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Optimistic.B.ProductiveC.Generous.D.Traditional.29.WhatisDali’sThePersistenceofMemoryconsideredtobe?A.Oneofhismasterworks.B.Asuccessfulscreenadaptation.C.Anartisticcreationforthestage.D.OneofthebeatTVprogrammes.30.HowaretheexhibitsarrangedattheWorldofDali?A.Bypopularity.B.Byimportance.C.Bysizeandshape.D.Bytimeandsubject.31.Whatdoestheword“contributions”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Artworks.B.Projects.C.Donations.D.Documents.【答案】28.B29.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.可知ThePersistenceofMemory是他的杰作之一。故選A。30.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第二句Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.可知展覽是根據(jù)時(shí)間和主題安排的。故選D。考點(diǎn)：說明類短文閱讀DConflictisonthemenutonightatthecaféLaChope.Thisevening,asoneveryThursdaynight,psychologistMaudLehanneisleadingtwoofFrance’sfavoritepastimes,coffeedrinkingandthe“talkingcure”.Heretheyarelearningtogetintouchwiththeirtruefeelings.Itisn’talwayseasy.Theycustomers-somethirtyParisianswhopayjustunder$2(plusdrinks)persession-carequicktointellectualize(高談闊論)，slowtoopenupandconnect.“Youareforbiddentosay‘onefeels,’or‘peoplethink’,”Lehanetoldthem.“Say‘Ithink,’‘Thinkme’.”Acafésocietywherenointellectualizingisallowed?Itcouldn’tseemmoreun-French.ButLehanne’spsychologycaféisaboutmorethanknowingoneself:It’stryingtohelpthecity’stroubledneighborhoodcafes.Overtheyears,ParisiancafeshavefallenvictimtochangesintheFrenchlifestyle-longerworkinghours,afastfoodboomandayoungergeneration’sdesiretospendmoretimeathome.Dozensofnewthemecafesappeartochangethesituation.Cafesfocusedaroundpsychology,history,andengineeringarecatchingon,fillingtableswellintotheevening.Thecity’spsychologycafes,whichoffergreatcomfort,areamongthemostpopularplaces.Middle-agedhomemakers,retirees,andtheunemployedcometosuchcafestotalkaboutlover,anger,anddreamswithapsychologist.AndtheycometoLehance’sgroupjusttolearntosaywhattheyfeel.There’sastrongneedinParisforcommunication,saysMauriceFrisch,acafeLaChoperegularwhoworksasreligiousinstructorinanearbychurch.“Peoplehavefewrealfriends.Andtheyneedtoopenup”Lehannesaysshe’dliketoseepsychologycafesalloverFrance.“Ifpeoplehadnormallives,thesecafeswould’texist”,shesays,”Iflifeweren’tabattle,peoplewouln’tneedaspecialplacejusttospeak.”Butthem,itwouldn’tbeFrance.32.WhatarepeopleencouragedtodoatthecafeLaChope?A.LearnanewsubjectB.Keepintouchwithfriends.C.Showofftheirknowledge.D.Expresstheirtruefeelings.33.HowarecafesaffectedbyFrenchlifestylechanges?A.Theyarelessfrequentlyvisited.B.Theystayopenforlongerhours.C.Theyhavebiggernightcrowds.D.Theystarttoservefastfood.34.Whatarethemecafesexpectedtodo?A.Createmorejobs.B.Supplybetterdrinks.C.Savethecafebusiness.D.Servetheneighborhood.35.WhyarepsychologycafesbecomingpopularinParis?A.Theybringpeopletruefriendship.B.Theygivepeoplespiritualsupport.C.Theyhelppeoplerealizetheirdreams.D.Theyofferaplatformforbusinesslinks.【答案】32.D33.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Overtheyears,ParisiancafeshavefallenvictimtochangesintheFrenchlifestyle-longerworkinghours,afastfoodboomandayoungergeneration’sdesiretospendmoretimeathome.可知改變了年輕一代更多時(shí)間呆在家里。故選A。34.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Dozensofnewthemecafesappeartochangethesituation.可以得出答案。故選C?？键c(diǎn)：社會類短文閱讀第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。BuildingTrustinaRelationshipAgainTrustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegainfrompastexperiences,36.Thatisarisk.Butyoucan’tbesuccessfulwhenthere’salackoftrustinarelationshipthatresultsfromanactionwherethewrongdoertakesnoresponsibilitytofixthemistake.Unfortunately,we’veallbeenvictimsofbetrayal.Whetherwe’vebeensufferfrom,liedto,misled,orcheatedon,therearedifferentlevelsoflosingtrust.Sometimespeoplesimplycan’ttrustanymore,37.It’sunderstandable,butifyou’rewillingtobuildtrustinarelationshipagain,wehavesomestepsyoucantaketogetyouthere.38havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.39Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere’sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”.Atsomepointinallofourlives,we’llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.Youdidn’tlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost,whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.40instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.Learntoreallytrustyourself.Itisputtingconfidenceinsomeone.Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartoletithappenagain.Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.【答案】36.B37.E38.A根據(jù)后句havingconfidenceinyourselfwillhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.可知此段主要講述要學(xué)會信任自己?？芍xA。39.C根據(jù)后句Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed,youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.可知此段主要講述不要認(rèn)為自己是受害者。故選C。40.G根據(jù)前一句Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle,lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife和后一句instead,it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.可知既要看到事情的積極面，也不要忽視所發(fā)生的事情。故選G。考點(diǎn)：議論類短文閱讀第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45）完形填空（共20小題；每小題15分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。MykidsandIwereheadingintothesupermarketovertheweekend.Ontheway,wespottedamanholdingapieceofpaperthatsaid,“__41___myjob.FamilytoFeed.”Atthisstore,a__42___likethisisnotnormal.My10-year-oldnoticedhimandmakea__43____onhowbaditmustbetohavetostand___44____inthecoldwind.Inthestore,Iaskedeachofmykidsto__45___somethingtheythoughtour“friend”therewould___46___.Theygotapples,asandwichandabottleofjuice.Thenmy17-year-oldsuggestedgivinghima___47____.Ithoughtaboutit.Wewere___48__oncashourselves,but…well,sometimes__49___fromourneedinsteadofourabundanceis___50__whatweneedtodo!Allthekids__51____somethingtheycoulddoawaywithfortheweek.Whenwehandedhimthebagof__52__,helitupandthankeduswith___53__eyes.WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitfor__54____hisfamilymightneed,heburstintotears.Thishasbeenawonderful___55__forourfamily.Fordaysthekidshavebeenlookingforotherswecan__56___!Thingswouldhaveplayedoutso__57____ifIhadsimplysaid,“No,wereallydon’thave___58___togivemore.”Steppingoutnotonlyhelpedabrotherin__59___,italsogavemykidsthe__60____tasteofhelpingothers.It’llgoalongwaywiththem.41.A.Lost B.Changed C.Quit D.Finished42.Acondition B.place C.sight D.show43.A.suggestion B.comment C.decision D.call44.A.outside B.proudly C.by D.angrily45.A.draw B.say C.arrange D.pick46.A.order B.supply C.appreciate D.discover47.A.dollar B.job C.hotmeal D.giftcard48.A.easy B.low C.soft D.loose49.A.giving B.saving C.spending D.begging50.A.yet B.even C.still D.just51.A.declared B.shared C.ignored D.expected52.A.toys B.medicine C.food D.clothes53.A.sleepy B.watery C.curious D.sharp54.A.whoever B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever55.A.experience B.example C.message D.adventure56.A.relyon B.respect C.learnfrom D.help57.A.suddenly B.vividly C.differently D.perfectly58.A.time B.power C.patience D.money59.A.fear B.love C.need D.memory60.A.strong B.sweet C.strange D.simple【答案】41．A考查動詞以及對語境的理解。A.Lose失去；B.Changed 改變；C.Quit放棄； D.Finished完成。短語loseone’sjob失業(yè)。在路上，我們注意到一個(gè)男人握著一張紙，紙上寫到：“失業(yè)，需要養(yǎng)家?！贝鸢高xA。42．C考查名詞以及對語境的理解。Acondition狀況；B.place地方；C.sight情景；D.show展示。在這家商店，像這樣的場景并不正常。選C。43．B考查名詞以及對語境的理解。A.suggestion建議；B.comment評論；C.decision決定；D.call電話。makeacommenton對……發(fā)表看法。我10歲的孩子注意到他，并評論說在寒風(fēng)中站在外面一定很糟糕。故選B。47．D考查動名詞以及對語境的理解。A.dollar美元；B.job工作；C.hotmeal熱餐；D.giftcard禮物卡。根據(jù)下文提示可知，我17歲的孩子建議給他一張禮物卡。選D。48．B考查形容詞以及對語境的理解。A.easy容易的；B.low低的；C.soft柔軟的；D.loose松的。根據(jù)下句的意思可知“我們現(xiàn)金不足或缺乏”，low意思“少，低”。選B。49．A考查動詞以及對語境的理解。A.giving給予；B.saving節(jié)??；C.spending 花費(fèi)；D.begging懇求。我們把我們不充足的東西給予別人，而不是充足的東西，正是我們真正需要去做的。選A。50．D考查副詞以及對語境的理解。A.yet然而；B.even甚至；C.still任然；D.just剛剛。僅僅是我們需要做的。選D。51．A考查動詞以及對語境的理解。A.declared宣告；B.shared分享；C.ignored忽視；D.expected期望。所有的孩子聲明了他們能夠?yàn)檫@個(gè)周末放棄自己想要的東西。選A。52．C考查名詞以及對語境的理解。A.toys玩具；B.medicine藥；C.food 食物；D.clothes衣服。根據(jù)上文的apples,sandwichandabottleofjuice可知是食物。選C。53．B考查形容詞以及對語境的理解。A.sleepy瞌睡的；B.watery潮濕的；C.curious好奇的；D.sharp鋒利的。帶著潮濕的雙眼感謝我們。選B。54．B考查代詞以及對語境的理解。A.whoever無論誰；B.whatever無論什么C.whichever無論哪一個(gè)；D.whenever無論什么時(shí)候。動詞need缺少賓語，故用whatever。他可以給我打電話，無論他的家人需要什么。故選B。55．A考查名詞以及對語境的理解。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.example例子；C.message信息；D.adventure冒險(xiǎn)。這對我們家庭是一次極好的經(jīng)歷。選A。56．D考查動詞及短語以及對語境的理解。A.relyon依靠；B.respect尊敬；C.learnfrom從……學(xué)到；D.help幫助。多少天來，孩子們一直在尋找我們能夠幫助的其他人。選D。57．C考查副詞以及對語境的理解。A.suddenly突然；B.vividly生動地；C.differently 不同地；D.perfectly完美地。事情發(fā)生得如此的不同。選C。58．D考查名詞以及對語境的理解。A.time時(shí)間；B.power權(quán)力；C.patience耐心；D.money金錢。我們真的不需要給更多的錢。所以選D。59．C考查名詞以及對語境的理解。A.fear害怕；B.love愛；C.need需要；D.memory記憶。inneed在危難中。走出去不僅僅幫助在危難中的兄弟。選C。60．B考查形容詞以及對語境的理解。A.strong強(qiáng)壯的；B.sweet甜的；C.strange奇怪的；D.simple簡單的。也給予我孩子們幫助他人的甜蜜的滋味。選B。考點(diǎn)：考查故事類完形填空第II卷第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)滿分55）閱讀下面材料，用不多于1個(gè)單詞的正確形式填空Yangshuo,ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI__61__(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn’tcare.Afewhours__62__,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,with__63_(it)chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver_64__arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese_65__(painting).Instead,I‘dheadstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhouraway__66_carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.Yangshuo__67__(be)reallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers_68__(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit___(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople_70__(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.【解析】試題分析：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者到中國陽朔游玩的經(jīng)歷和感受。61.arrived句意：就在天亮之前我到了陽朔，天下著小雨。根據(jù)前后句時(shí)態(tài)可知用一般過去時(shí)。62.before/earlier句意：幾個(gè)小時(shí)前，我在香港家里。注意不可以用ago。63.its句意：帶著窒息的煙霧。后面為名詞，故用it’s。64.that/which句意：漓江被許多藝術(shù)家所繪畫?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。先行詞為LiRiver，在從句中作主語.65.paintings句意：在如此多的中國繪畫中。painting為可數(shù)名詞，注意用復(fù)數(shù)形式。66.by句意：乘汽車只需要1個(gè)小時(shí)。bycar乘汽車。67.is句意：陽朔真的很漂亮。這里用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。68.conducted句意：一項(xiàng)網(wǎng)站所進(jìn)行的調(diào)查。過去分詞作后置定語，表示被動關(guān)系。69.regularly句意：定期為人們安排這里適合旅行的地方。修飾動詞，用副詞修飾。70.living句意：住在上海和香港的人們?，F(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。考點(diǎn)：語法填空。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)滿分35）短文改錯(cuò)（10分）WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountryside.Theretheairiscleanorthemountainsaregreen.Unfortunately,onthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeenpolluted.Lotsofstudieshavebeenshownthatglobalwarminghasalreadybecomeaveryseriouslyproblem.Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtier.Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.Wemustfoundwaystoprotectyourenvironment.Ifwefailtodoso,we’lllivetoregretit.【解析】試題分析：高中即將畢業(yè)了，有一些體會和同學(xué)們分享。1.感謝老師，家長和朋友們；2.致歉于我曾經(jīng)誤會傷害的人；3.祝福同學(xué)們心想事成。76.think–thought句意：我認(rèn)為在在那兒很快樂。時(shí)態(tài)用法錯(cuò)誤。這里用一般過去時(shí)，表示“過去認(rèn)為”77.countryside前加the句意：但是我想念農(nóng)村的家鄉(xiāng)。這里countryside是特指，故用定冠詞the。78.or—and句意：那里山綠并且空氣新鮮。連詞用法錯(cuò)誤。前后句為并列關(guān)系，故用連詞and。79.on—with句意：隨著工業(yè)化的發(fā)展。短語搭配錯(cuò)誤。短語withthedevelopmen