定語從句完整版限制性定語從句

關(guān)于定語從句完整版限制性定語從句第1頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月說明本章內(nèi)容可用兩種學(xué)習(xí)方法。1.學(xué)習(xí)時鼠標(biāo)點擊空白處學(xué)習(xí)。2.可用點擊圖標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)，例如，可點擊來進行學(xué)習(xí)。3.圖標(biāo)是供奧班學(xué)生或有能力的學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)。第2頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月Attributiveclause(限制性定語從句)

先行詞和關(guān)系詞定語從句

關(guān)系代詞如何引導(dǎo)定語從句

關(guān)系代詞的使用方法

定語從句中需注意事項

附加部分習(xí)題第3頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

定語可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語等來擔(dān)任，修飾名詞。(以分詞、介詞短語為例）例：Thegirlbehindthetree

isKate.

Themandrivingtoofast

wasadrunk.

定語從句在英語中，修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句。例：Thegirlwhoisbehindthetree

isKate.

Themanwhowasdrivingtoofast

wasadrunk.第4頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月先行詞和關(guān)系詞先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。先行詞、關(guān)系詞/引導(dǎo)詞{對等}

代替

Thatisthebikewhichmyfatherboughtforme.

先行詞＝關(guān)系詞

bike關(guān)系詞的作用：既引導(dǎo)定語從句，又在定語從句中充當(dāng)某種成分。第5頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月關(guān)系代詞如何引導(dǎo)定語從句普通代詞與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別Ihaveasister.She

worksinShanghai.

代替sisterIhaveasister

who/that

worksinShanghai.普通代詞：只起代替的作用（如上例she)關(guān)系代詞：（如上例who/which）

1.除了代替先行詞外，2.它還在定語從句中擔(dān)任一定的成分，3.同時連接先行詞與它引導(dǎo)的定語從句。（把主句和從句連起來）第6頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

說明如下Thebuildingisourschool.+Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.=Thebuilding

which/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.

先行詞

關(guān)系詞從句

which、that

是關(guān)系代詞，它在從句中代替先行詞thebuilding,

同時擔(dān)任從句中的主語，也起連詞的作用，把兩個簡單句連接起來。

關(guān)系代詞的使用取決于先行詞，它們的關(guān)系非常密切，因為關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的人稱、數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。Thewomanthat/whois

speakingatthemeetingismymother.(主句)Thewomanismymother(從句)Thewomanisspeakingatthemeeting.{主語是單數(shù)}第7頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月Thewomenthat/who

are

speakingatthemeeting

arefamousscientists.(主句)Thewomenarefamousscientists.(從句)Thewomenare

speakingatthemeeting.{主語是復(fù)數(shù)}

關(guān)系詞判斷步驟:

首先，要辨別出先行詞。如果先行詞是指人,關(guān)系詞可能就用

who,that,whom,whose。如果先行詞指物,關(guān)系詞可能用which或that

然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請看下表先行詞

主格

賓格

所有格

人who,thatwho(m),thatwhose

物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,ofwhich

最后，要確定關(guān)系代詞的人稱和數(shù)(請看以上例句)第8頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月注意

定語從句的時態(tài)不受主句的限制。.Thewoman

who/that

spokeatthemeetingyesterday

is

my

mother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(敘述客觀事實用一般現(xiàn)在時)(從句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示過去時間)定語從句的辨認(rèn)（思考步驟）找出先行詞

a.確定在從句中關(guān)系代詞的人稱、數(shù)和性。

b.確定定語從句的位置確定關(guān)系代詞在從句中的成分以確定關(guān)系代詞的格確定從句的時態(tài)（定語從句的時態(tài)都不受主句的限制）第9頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月關(guān)系代詞的使用方法定語從句常用的關(guān)系代詞有：that、who(m)、whose、which等。

that多指物，在從句中作主語或作動詞的賓語。（that/which作賓語時可省.）

1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Aplaneisamachinewhichcanfly.

2)Whowashurtintheaccident

thathappenedyesterday?Whowashurtintheaccident

whichhappenedyesterday?

3)Haveyoufoundthebike

thatyoulost?Haveyoufoundthebike

whichyoulost?Haveyoufoundthebike

省略

youlost?

第10頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月2.which

指物,在從句中作主語或賓語。作主語不可省略;作賓語可以省略。

(which

與that

指物時可以互相代替，that更常見。）

1)Hisfatherworksinafactory

that

makesTVsets.Hisfatherworksinafactory

which

makesTVsets.

2)Thefilmthat

wesawlastnightwasverywonderful.Thefilm

which

wesawlastnightwasverywonderful.Thefilm

省略

wesawlastnightwasverywonderful.

3.who指人(既它的先行詞必須是人),在從句中作主語或賓語。但whom是賓格,只能作賓語。(that有時也指人.代替who,whom,可作主語或賓語)1)Thegirlswhoweren’tbadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates.Thegirls

thatweren’tbadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates.第11頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

2)Heknewtheteacher

whowemetyesterday.Heknewtheteacherwhomwemetyesterday.Heknewtheteacher(that)wemetyesterday.4.whose是代詞的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。

Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawoman

whosebagwasstolen.I’llcallaperson.Hisfatherknowsyou.I’llcallaperson

whosefatherknowsyou.Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebook

whosecoverisred.第12頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.Thisisthehero(that)weareproudof.2)Sheisthegirl

whomIwentwiththere.Sheisthegirlwith

whomIwentthere.SheisthegirlthatIwentwiththere.Sheisthegirl省略

Iwentwiththere.注意:

固定動介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前.例如:lookafter,lookat…關(guān)系代詞與介詞

介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時,介詞賓語只能用which代物,

和whom代人。(介詞在末尾時,關(guān)系詞可以省略)第13頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月3)Theroom

(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom

(which)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom

inwhichIliveisverybig.Theroom

whereIliveisverybig.4).Iwanttofindthepen

(that)Iwrotetheletterwith.Iwanttofindthepen

(which)Iwrotetheletterwith.Iwanttofindthepen

withwhichIwrotetheletter.Herearethepicture-booksthatthechildrenarelookingfor.Herearethepicture-bookswhichthechildrenarelookingfor.Herearethepicture-booksthechildrenarelookingfor.第14頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月

定語從句中需注意事項有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞that,而不宜用which1.從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時,只能用that引導(dǎo)從句.Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行詞是all,something,nothing,anything不定代詞時,只能用that.Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.Notallthatglittersisgold.3.先行詞既有人也有物時,只能用that引出從句

Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.第15頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月4.先行詞是oneof,theone,或用little,few,no,all,any作修飾，用thatIsittheonethatyouwant?Wehaven’tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.5.當(dāng)主句已有疑問詞

who或which時，關(guān)系詞用thatWhichisthebikethatyoulost?Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?從例句中看出，who、that在許多情況下可以通用，但有時宜用

用who,而不用that1.先行詞是one(s),anyone,someone,those時，關(guān)系詞使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.Onewhohasnothingtofearoneselfdarestotellthetruth.2.在therebe

句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.第16頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月附加部分

————關(guān)系副詞

關(guān)系副詞是用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣，具有數(shù)種作用。在從句中代替先行詞。在句中作狀語。連接作用，把兩個句子連接成為一個帶有定語從句的復(fù)合句。

關(guān)系副詞有三種：

where:在從句中作地點狀語,指代地點.(on/in/at…which)

when:

在從句中作時間狀語,指代時間。(on/in…which)

why:

在從句中作原因狀語,指代原因。

第17頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月關(guān)系副詞的用法：

1.where的用法：(先行詞應(yīng)是地點名詞）

Thehotelwasn’tclean.+Westayed

=Thehotel

wherewestayedwasn’tclean.

＝Thehotel

atwhichwestayedwasn’tclean.

＝Thehotel

whichwestayedatwasn’tclean

＝Thehotel

關(guān)系詞略westayedatwasn’tclean.atthehotel.Westayedthere.先行詞關(guān)系詞從句從句＝共有五個不同的句子來表達。第18頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月2.when的用法：（先行詞應(yīng)是表示時間的名詞）

I’llneverforgettheday.

+IjoinedtheLeagueonthatday.I’llneverforgetthedaythatIjoinedtheLeague.(口語)I’llneverforgettheday

onwhich

IjoinedtheLeague.I’llneverforgettheday

when

IjoinedtheLeague.從句3.why的用法：

(表示原因的名詞)The

reason

whyI’mcallingyouistoinviteyoutoaparty.The

reasonthat

I’mcallingyouistoinviteyoutoapartyThe

reason

I’mcallingyouistoinviteyoutoaparty略

在口語中,關(guān)系副詞where、when、why常被that代替,也可省略。

第19頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月ExercsesI.RewritethesentencesII.ChoosethebestanswersIII.Translate第20頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月I.把下列單句合并成含有定語從句的復(fù)合句.1.Thelittlegirlwascryingonthestreet.Hermoneyhadbeenstolen.2.Thecolourofthebikeisgreen.Haveyouseenthebike?3.Thestudentdidn’tagreewithus.Thestudentwasstandingunderthetree.4.Whereistheman?Themantalkedwithyoujustnow.5.Thewatchisverynice.Hegavemethewatchformybirthday.6.Thebookisveryinteresting.Youlentittomeyesterday.7.TheteacherisourEnglishteacher.Yousawherontheplayground.Thelittlegirlwhosemoneyhadbeenstolenwascryingonthestreet.Haveyouseenthebike

whosecolourisgreen.Thestudentwhowasstandingunderthetreedidn’tagreewith

us.Whereisthemanwhotalkedwithyoujustnow?Thewatch(that)hegavemeformybirthdayisverynice.

Thebook(that/which)youlentmeyesterdayisveryinteresting.Theteacher(who/that)yousawontheplaygroundisourEnglishteacher第21頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月8.

Theletterisfrommyfriend.Ireceivedityesterday.

9.I’mreadingabook.Itsnameis“WhoMovedMyCheese”10.Heworksinaschool.Thereisabigstorenearit.11.Heusedtoliveinahouse.Infrontofitgrewmanyappletrees.12.Thisistheroom.Welivedinitlastyear.13.Thechildrenareveryhealthy.Sheislookingafterthem.14.Iknowtheboy.HecanspeakEnglishwell.Theletter(that/which)Ireceivedyesterdayisfrommyfriend.I’mreadingabookwhosenameis“WhoMovedMyCheese”

Heworksinaschoolnearwhichthereisabigstore.Thisistheroom(that/which)welivedinlastyear.Thisistheroominwhich/wherewelivedlastyear.Thechildren(who/that)sheislookingafterthemareveryhealthy.Iknowtheboywho/thatcanspeakEnglishwellHeusedtoliveinahouseinfrontofwhichgrewmanyappletrees第22頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月15.Theseasonissummer.Itcomesafterspring.16.ThemanwasAmerican.Ispoketohimyesterday.17.Ican’tfindthehouse.Myfriendlivesinit.18.Iknowtheboy.Youarelookingforhim.19.Thisisthetown.Hewasborninthetown.20.Wearrivedhereontheday.Doyourememberit?Theseasonwhichcomesafterspringissummer.Theman(whom/that)IspoketoyesterdaywasAmerican.ThemantowhomIspokeyesterdaywasAmerican.Ican’tfindthehouse(which/that)myfriendlivesin.Ican’tfindthehouseinwhich/wheremyfriendlives.Iknowtheboy(whom/who/that)youarelookingfor.Thisisthetown(which/that)hewasbornin.Thisisthetowninwhich/wherehewasborn.Doyouremembertheday(that/which)wearrivedhereon?Doyourememberthedayonwhichwearrivedhere?Doyourememberthedaywhenwearrivedhere?第23頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月II.單項選擇。

1.Thisisthejob______theylaughedat.A.whichB.asC.itD.who2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark______builtabout300yearsago.A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman______atyesterday’smeeting?A.wesawhimB.wesawC.wesawwhoD.shewasseen4.Theman______ispaintingthehouseismyuncle.A.he B.whomC.whose D.who5.Whatistheanimal______babyissleepinginitspocket?A.who B.whoseC.its D.which6.Thisbookisforthestudents______nativelanguageisn’tEnglish.A.that B.ofwhomC.whose D.who’s7.Therobbersshouted,“Handsup!I’llshootanyone______moves!”A.whom B.that C.who D.whose8.Thedictionary_____hepaid50yuanforisveryuseful.A.whichB.forwhichC.onwhichD.aboutwhich9Theboy_____parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow.A.whoseB.whoC.hisD/10.Theman________issmokingisatailor.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.what_______ACBDBCCAAB第24頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月11—Whichanimalisyourfavourite?—Theone______hasalongneck.A.whichB.thatC.itD.who12.Isthisthefactory_____producescolourTVsets?A.whatB./C.whichD.where13.Thehighbuilding______isabighotel.A.thatheislooking B.whichheislookingC.wearelookingat D.atthatwearelooking14Isthereanyone___cananswerthisquestion?A.whichB.whomC.whoD.he15.Intheafternoonwe’llvisitthehighschool______isveryfamoushere.A.whichB.whereC.itD./16.Thefox______thechickenswerekilledwasshot.A.thatB.whichC.forthatD.bywhich17.Thecomputer______canstorealotofinformationiswidelyusedtoday.A.inwhichB.thatC.withwhichD.where18.Isthisthebookstore_______youvisitedyesterday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone19.Yesterdaytheysawthemanandthedog_____ranaftereachotherontheroad.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.as20.Shanghaiistheplacein_____hewasborn.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.thatBCCCADBACA第25頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月21.—Doyouknowtheman______ispaintingthehouse?—Ofcourse.He’smyuncle.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.whose22.Thehospital______wasbuiltlastyearwillopensoon.A.whereB.whichC.whoD./23.Thisistheelephant______leftearwasshot.A.whoB.that C.its D.whose24.Thehospital______hisfatherworksinisanewone.A.thatB.inthatC.inwhichD.where26.Theman______watchwasstolenistalkingtothepolice.A.his B.who C.who’sD.whose27Theknife_____Icuttheapple______can’tbefound.A.which,inB.which,withC.that,byD.that,for28.Whohastakenthedictionary________coverisbroken？

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose29.Whoisthegirlto______youjustnowtalked？

A.whoB.whomC.thatD.whose30.Thisisthebook_________I’mlookingfor.A./B.whichC.thatD.alltheaboveBBDADBDBD第26頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月31Thisistheonlybook________Iboughtlastyear.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.BothAandB32.All__________I’mgoingtodoisgood.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.BothAandB33.Thebuilding_______roofwecanseeisahospital.A.whoseB.whichC.who’sD.atwhich34.Thisisthebestbook______Ihaveread.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.BothAandB35.Thisistheschool__________Iworkedsevenyearsago.A.inwhichB.inthatC.whichD.that36.Allthebooks__________Iputonthedeskareyours.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.BothAandB37.It’squitedifferentfrom___________Isawlastmouth.A.whichB.theoneCthatD.theonewhat38.Isthistheriver______Icanswim?A.whichB.thatC.inwhichD.theone39.Watchtheoldladyandherdog_______________arecrossingthestreet.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.they40.Canyoulendmethedictionary___________theotherday?A.thatyouboughtB.youboughtitC.thatyouboughtitD.whichyouboughtit

BAAAAABCBA第27頁，課件共31頁，創(chuàng)作于2023年2月41.Thechurch__________wesawbytheriverwasbuiltacenturyago.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.inwhich42.Doyouknowwhoislivinginthathouse_________windowsfacesouth?A.whoseB.whichCwhichofD.its43.Anyone_________withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.A.whichagreesB.whoagreeC.whoagreesD.whichagree44Thisisthelasttime________I’llgiveyoualesson.A.whenB.thatC.whatD.as45.Idon’tthinkthenumberofpeople_________thishappensisverylarge.A.whoB.towhomC.towhichD.that46.Hereisthedress______________intheshopwindow.A.YousawitB.thatyousawitC.thatsawitD.yousaw47.Iwastheonlypersoninmyoffice_______wasinvited.A.whoB.whomCwhichD.what48.Theman______hairisyellowisthethief.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.which49.Thisisthemostbeautifulbird______________Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose50.Thepersonto_______youtalkedisourmathsteacher.A.which