2023學年完整公開課版猜詞技巧上

HowtoGuesstheMeaningofanUnknownWord

一一英文猜詞技巧張敏副教授

ZHANGMINZhejiangFinancialCollege

AQuestion

Whatwillyoudowhencomingacrossnewwords?Option1:ConsultingadictionaryAOption2:SkippingitBOption3:GuessingthemeaningCWatchaNewsReportQ1:Howmanypeoplewereonboard?01Q2:Whatdoyouknowabouttherescueteam?02ScriptEverybodyisfollowingthatpieceofnews.Thatisamysterythatgripstheworld.Ithasnowbeenmorethan40hourssincetheBeijingboundMalaysianairlineflightMH370with239peopleonboardwentmissing.Amassivemultinationalrescueteamissearchingbutthereisstillnoconfirmationofthewreckagefromtheboeing777intheseasbetweenMalaysiaandVietnamwhereitvanishedfromthescreensearlierSaturdaymorning.Forthefamilyofthosewhoareonboardtheagonizingwaitingcontinues.Let’stakealookbackatthissagaofflightMH370andthestorysofar.Level1:Accordingtothe

wordformationrules

技巧1：根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜詞義

Wordformation

derivationaltype(derivation)compositionaltype(compound)

Derivation-alnationmulti-nationalmulti-affixesstemDerivativeCompoundbedroombedroomNewsReportonMH370新聞播報-1NewsReportIScriptPamelaBrownwithCNNmakescommentonthiseventinherreport“What’snextinthemissingMalaysianplane

investigation?”Shesays,“Fromthebeginning,thestoryhasbubbledwithenoughdramatorivalagoodHollywoodwhodunit.”whodoneit++=whodunit(adetectivestory)新聞播報-2NewsReportIINewsReportonMH370ScriptIntheabsenceofanyfirmevidenceaboutthefateofmissingflightMH370,theworld'sconspiracytheoristshavebroughtupexplanationsoftheirownfortheplane'sdisappearance.AfamousauthorDavidAaronovitchtoldtheSundayTimes:"….Essentiallythesepeoplecan'tfacethethoughtofchaos.Theycan'tfacetheroleofaccidentorcontingencyinlife;theyhavetoattributeagency.Level2:Accordingtotheantonymorsynonym

技巧2：根據(jù)同義詞或反義詞猜詞義accidentorcontingencysynonymcontingency“事故”新聞播報-3NewsReportIIINewsReportonMH370ScriptAfterthedisappearenceoftheflight,theMalasianauthoritiesfailedtoofferinformationinatimelymanner.AccordingtothereportfromDailyMirrorofUK,relativeswantedmoredatareleasedbyauthoritiessearchingforMH370sothatindependentexpertscanlookatthem.Theyalsowantedtoseethelogbook,thatis

theofficialrecordbookoftheaircraft.Definationorexplanation:thatis,namely,etc.Examples:Accordingly,wecanmakeuseofthesesignalstoguesstheword’smeaning.Level3Accordingtothetextualsignals

技巧3：根據(jù)語篇信號詞猜詞義forexample，forinstance,suchas,like

新聞播報-4NewsReportIVNewsReportonMH370ScriptApril8,

authoritiesdetectunderwatersignalsthatcouldbefrommissingplane'sblackbox,butthesignalscontinueweakeningwitheachdaypassingby.MichelleIInnisfromNewYorkTimes

interviewedCommodorePeterLeavyoftheRoyalAustralianNavy,whoishelpingtoleadthesearch.Hesaidthesiltontheseafloorwas

so

thickthat

itmightbemuffling

thesignalsfromoneorbothblackboxes.Wecaninferword’smeaningaccordingtothelogicalrelationsbetweenthemainclauseandthesubordinateclause,sayattributive,predicativeoradverbial.Level4:Accordingtothelogicalrelationbetweenthemainclauseandsubordinateclause.

技巧4：根據(jù)主從句的邏輯關(guān)系猜詞義新聞播報-5NewsReportVNewsReportonMH370ScriptSincetheBeijing-boundplane,carrying227passengersincludingtwo

toddlers,and12crew,wentmissingonMarch8,theMalaysianauthorities'statementsconcerningthejet'sdirectionandareportedturnaroundhavebeeninconsistent,andthereportedtimeofthePlane’slastcontacthasalsochangedrepeatedly.Insomecases,wecanturntoourcommonsenseandbackgroundinformationtoguesstheword’smeaning.Level5:Accordingtothebackgroundinformation

技巧5：根據(jù)背景信息猜詞義IIISummaryWordformationrulesLogicalrelationbetweenthemainclauseandsubclauseAntonymorsynonymTextualsignalsBackgroundinformationLevel5Level4Level3Level2Level1/index.asp1.Desalination,ortheremovalofsaltfromseawater,isamethodofprovidingfreshwaterforbusiness,home,andagriculturaluse.2.Astheymovedwestward,theyfacedmanyadversities,suchasscarcefood,extremeweather,andloneliness.3.Cellphoneshavebecomeubiquitous:you