2017年北京高考英語試卷及答案

2017年普通高等學(xué)校全國招生統(tǒng)一考試（北京卷）英語本試卷共16頁，共150分?？荚嚂r長120分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：聽力理解(共三節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分） 聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話你將聽一遍。1.Whenwillthefilmstart? A.At5:00. B.At6:00. C.At7:00.2.Whichclubwillthemanjoin? A.Thefilmclub. B.Thetravelclub. C.Thesportsclub.3.Whatwastheweatherlikeinthemountainsyesterday? A.Sunny. B.Windy. C.Snowy.4.Whatdoesthemanwanttocutoutofpaper? A.Afish. B.Abird. C.Amonkey.5.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace? A.Inalibrary. B.Atabookstore. C.Inamuseum.第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，15分）聽下面4段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall? A.Tomakeaninvitation. B.Toaskforinformation. C.Todiscussaholidayplan.7.Howmuchdoesthewomanneedtopayfortheminibus? A.$50. B.$150. C.$350.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatarethetwosperkersmainlytalkingabout? A.Electronicwaste. B.Soilpollution. C.Recylingbenefits.9.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodowithhercellphoneintheend? A.Throwitaway. B.Keepitathome. C.Sellittoberecycled.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwosperkers? A.Friends. B.Wifeandhusband. C.Businesspartners.11.Wheredoesthewomanworknow? A.Inaschool. B.Inarestaurant. C.Inatravelagency.12.Whatarethetwosperkersgoingtodo? A.Totakeatrip. B.Tohaveacoffee. C.Toattendameeting.聽第9段材料，回答第13至15題。13.Whathasbeenimprovedaccordingtothespeaker? A.Thetrainstation. B.Thebusservice. C.Theparkinglot.14.Howdoesthespeakergettoherofficetoday? A.Bybusandonfoot. B.Bytrainandbybus. C.Bytrainandonfoot.15.Whoisthespeaker? A.Areporter. B.Apoliceman. C.Aphotographer.第三節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）聽下面一段對話，完成第16至20五道小題，每小題僅填寫一個詞。聽對話前，你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時間。這段對話你將聽兩遍。Pick-upAppointmentFormItem（物品）A16andsomemagazinesDestinationOverseasto17Delivery?Air□RegularTimetopickup5:0018afternoonPackingAmediumboxCustomer'sinformationMr.Hudson1989Street,Chicago,20Tel:4159786第二部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié)單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。21.Samuel,thetallestboyinourclass,______easilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf.52.A.needs B.interests C.dreams D.efforts53.A.for B.through C.besides D.along54.A.healthy B.public C.normal D.tough55.A.choice B.profit C.judgment D.difference三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftballwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm,Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered(發(fā)抖)alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.Thetwodidn’tknoweachotherwell—Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.Suddenly,Parisfelltotheground,“Paris’seyerolledback,”Taylorsays.“Shestartedshaking.Iknewitwasanemergency.”Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Pariswoulddie.Atfirstnoonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshoutedout,“DoesanyoneknowCPR?”CPRisalife-savingtechnique.TodoCPR,youpressonthesickperson’schestsothatbloodmovesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygenthebrainisdamagingquickly.Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn’tthinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegandoingCPR,“Itwasscary.Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.”saysTaylor.Taylor’sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevices(器械)thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem;Paris’heartbeatreturned.“IknowIwasreallylucky,”Parissaysnow.“Mostpeopledon’tsurvivethis.Myteamsavedmylife.”ExpertssayParisisright:Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantstobeanurse.“Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,”Taylorsays.“IknowIcanactunderpressureinascarysituation.”56.WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?A.Shecaughtabadcold. B.Shehadasuddenheartproblem.C.Shewasknockeddownbyaball. D.Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice57.WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?A.Shemadeaworthyfriend. B.Sherecoveredfromshock.C.ShereceivedimmediateCPR. D.Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.58.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?A.Enthusiasticandkind. B.Courageousandcalm.C.Cooperativeandgenerous. D.Ambitiousandprofessional.BInspiringyoungminds! TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren’spublishing,bringingauniquecombinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.What’sinside?What’sinside?Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomake—themagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWmagazine? Well,ithasnoadsorpromotionsinside—insteaditisjam-packedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakescomplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbecomeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophy（哲學(xué)）—andtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.Soundstoogoodtobetrue? Takealookonline—evidenceshowsthatthousandsofteachersandparentsknowagoodthingwhentheyseeitandrecommendTOKNOWtotheirfriends.HappyBirthdayAllYear! Whatcouldbemorefunthanagiftthatkeepscomingthroughtheletterboxeverymonth?Thefirstmagazinewithyourgiftmessagewillarriveintimeforthespecialday.SUBSCRIBENOW□AnnualSubscriptionEurope￡55RestofWorld￡65□AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPackIncludesaMammothMap,apassportPuzzleBooklet,andSubscriptionEurope￡60RestofWorld￡70RefundPolicy—thesubscriptioncanbecancelledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback.59.WhyisTOKNOWaspecialmagazine? A.Itentertainsyoungparents. B.Itprovidesseriousadvertisements. C.Itpublishespopularsciencefictions. D.Itcombinesfunwithcomplexconcepts.60.WhatdoesTOKNOWofferitsreaders? A.Onlinecourses. B.Articlesonnewtopics. C.Lecturesonabalancedlife. D.Reportsonscientificdiscoveries.61.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12-mouthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina? A.￡55. B.￡60. C.￡65. D.￡70.62.SubscribersofTOKNOWwouldget. A.freebirthdaypresents B.fullrefundwithin28days C.membershipoftheTOKNOWclub D.chancestomeettheexpertsinpersonCMeasles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(決定不參加)ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption（豁免),sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.63.Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat____________. A.asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrend B.theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattention C.anti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasons D.informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly64.Herdimmunityworkswellwhen____________. A.exemptionsareallowed B.severalvaccinesareusedtogether C.thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedin D.newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws65.Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles? A.Theoveruseofvaccine. B.Thelackofmedicalcare. C.Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself. D.Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.66.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage? A.Tointroducetheideaofexemption. B.Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles. C.Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination. D.Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.DHollywood’stheorythatmachineswithevil(邪惡)mindswilldrivearmiesofkillerrobotsisjustsilly.Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence(AI)maybecomeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.In1960awell-knownmathematicianNorbertWiener,whofoundedthefieldofcybernetics（控制論）,putitthisway:“Ifweuse,toachieveourpurposes,amechanicalagencywithwhoseoperationwecannoteffectivelyinterfere(干預(yù)),wehadbetterbequitesurethatthepurposeputintothemachineisthepurposewhichwereallydesire.”Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings:awishtopreserveitsownexistence.Forthemachine,thisqualityisnotin-born,norisitsomethingintroducedbyhumans;itisalogicalconsequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachinecannotachieveitsoriginalpurposeifitisdead.Soifwesendoutarobotwiththesingleinstructionoffetchingcoffee,itwillhaveastrongdesiretosecuresuccessbydisablingitsownoffswitchorevenkillinganyonewhomightinterferewithitstask.Ifwearenotcareful,then,wecouldfaceakindofglobalchessmatchagainstverydetermined,superintelligentmachineswhoseobjectivesconflictwithourown,withtherealworldasthechessboard.Thepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofcomputerscientists.Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoffirewall,usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.Unfortunately,thatplanseemsunlikelytowork:wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecureagainstordinaryhumans,letalonesuperintelligentmachines.SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.Thereareprobablydecadesinwhichtoplanforthearrivalofsuperintelligentmachines.Buttheproblemshouldnotbedismissedoutofhand,asithasbeenbysomeAIresearchers.Somearguethathumansandmachinescancoexistaslongastheyworkinteams—yetthatisnotpossibleunlessmachinessharethegoalsofhumans.Otherssaywecanjust“switchthemoff”asifsuperintelligentmachinesaretoostupidtothinkofthatpossibility.StillothersthinkthatsuperintelligentAIwillneverhappen.OnSeptember11,1933,famousphysicistErnestRutherfordstated,withconfidence,“Anyonewhoexpectsasourceofpowerinthetransformationoftheseatomsistalkingmoonshine.”However,onSeptember12,1933,physicistLeoSzilardinventedtheneutron-induced(中子誘導(dǎo))nuclearchainreaction.67.Paragraph1mainlytellsusthatartificialintelligencemay.A.runoutofhumancontrol B.satisfyhuman’srealdesiresC.commandarmiesofkillerrobots D.workfasterthanamathematician68.Machineswithspecificpurposesareassociatedwithlivingthingspartlybecausetheymightbeableto.A.preventthemselvesfrombeingdestroyedBachievetheiroriginalgoalsindependentlyC.doanythingsuccessfullywithgivenordersD.beathumansininternationalchessmatches69.Accordingtosomeresearchers,wecanusefirewallsto.A.helpsuperintelligentmachinesworkbetterB.besecureagainstevilhumanbeingsC.keepmachinesfrombeingharmedD.avoidrobots’affectingtheworld70.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthesafetyproblemofsuperintelligentmachines?A.ItwilldisappearwiththedevelopmentofAI.B.Itwillgetworsewithhumaninterference.C.Itwillbesolvedbutwithdifficulty.D.Itwillstayforadecade.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.71Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.72Weknowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing(加強)connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons(神經(jīng)元)inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.73Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.74Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.IfTononi’stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanight’s,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformation—ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapsesbecomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.75“Youkeepwhatmatters,”Tononisays.A.Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.B.It’sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.C.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.D.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.E.That’swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.F.“Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,”saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.G.Tononi’steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.第四部分：書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，35分）第一節(jié)（15分）你的英國朋友Jim所在的學(xué)校要組織學(xué)生來中國旅行，有兩條線路可以選擇：“長江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim來信希望你能給些建議。請你給他回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.你建議的線路；2.你的理由；3.你的祝愿。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（20分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇英文周記，記錄畢業(yè)前夕你們制作以“感恩母?！睘橹黝}的畢業(yè)紀(jì)念視頻的全過程。注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。提示詞：視頻video2017年普通高等學(xué)校全國統(tǒng)一考試英語（北京卷）參考答案第一部分：聽力理解（共三節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）1-5CBCBA第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15