項目管理理論要點

1997 博士畢 項目是為創(chuàng)造獨特的產(chǎn)品、服務(wù)或成果而 service,or

臨時性獨特性漸進(jìn)明細(xì)Progressive盡管某些項目可交付成果(Deliverable)中項目管理就是將知識、技能、工具與技Projectmanagementistheapplicationofknowledge,skills,tools,andtechniquestoprojectactivitiestomeetthe

事為先，人為重

功能性需 Business

Sponsor發(fā)起 Project

ObjectiveBeAccountablefor最終負(fù)責(zé)（結(jié)果責(zé)任BeResponsiblefor有責(zé)/負(fù)責(zé)（工作責(zé)任Stakeholder干系人A公司。B公司的新產(chǎn)品系列和戰(zhàn)略計劃并不包括本Specific（具體的工程部想要項目目標(biāo)在吞吐量上有10%的提項目上。也是你的的管理層想要項目團(tuán)滿意度＝（感受）/＝/理想（風(fēng)險管理對項目目標(biāo)增強(qiáng)機(jī)會和減 Acollectionofsustainablebusinessvaluescheduledforrealization.Completionoftheprojectwithinthetripleconstraintsoftime,costandscope.Achievingthedesiredbusinessvaluewithinthecompetingconstraints. 事情事為先， 急迫問題(Issue)//BurningIssue(燃眉之急制約因素/約束

細(xì) 構(gòu) 沿沿內(nèi)容軸的組織結(jié)構(gòu)

迭代迭代迭代

迭代 PMOPMO

EnterpriseEnvironmentalFactorsOrganizationalProcessAssets制約事業(yè)環(huán)境因素制約事業(yè)環(huán)境因素項目經(jīng)理是由執(zhí)行組織委派，團(tuán)隊實

al

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

力

Aprocessisasetofinterrelatedactions

techniquesthatcanbeapplied,andtheresulting項目過程項目管理過程(Projectmanagement產(chǎn)品導(dǎo)向過程(Product-oriented項目生命周期。這兩種過程相互 和相互作用。從時間段上講，這兩種過程的起點與終點是一致的，但是各階段劃分所依據(jù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不同。從相互作用上講，只有比較清楚能真正做好相應(yīng)的項目管理過程工作（如定義項目范圍，編制項目活動 ，進(jìn)行風(fēng)險管理規(guī)劃）；也只有做好了項目管理過程的工作，才能保證項目工作形成所要求的中間與最終產(chǎn)品?？梢哉f，技術(shù)是做好項目的基礎(chǔ)，管理是做好項目的保證。做任何一個項目，都必須同時做好技術(shù) 執(zhí)行（Executing）包含8 （MonitoringandControlling）收尾（Closing）包含24.1制定項目章5.確認(rèn)范圍6.控制范圍

進(jìn)入階段

退出階段

規(guī)劃過程 執(zhí)行過程

⑥

⑦此你將創(chuàng)建如何做規(guī)劃以及如何執(zhí)行和項當(dāng)工作正被開展時，工作結(jié)果被反饋待新的計劃執(zhí)行以及被到修訂的基準(zhǔn)。

人

Everythingisundercontrol事事為先，人為重 Efficiency效率EfficientDothethingright.把事做對。<管理>管人理

項目工4.6 4.5實施整體變更控制——所有變更請求，批準(zhǔn)變更和管理對可 DevelopProjectCharter—Theprocess thatformallyauthorizestheexistenceofaprojectandprovidestheprojectmanagerwiththeauthoritytoapplyorganizationalresourcestoprojectactivities.輸入輸入(ProjectStatement(Business輸出14.1(Expert（Facilitation

括項目的整合的基準(zhǔn)計劃。DevelopProject nTheprocessofdefining,preparing,andcoordinatingallsubsidiary nsandintegratingthemintoacomprehensiveprojectmanagement n.Theproject’sintegratedbaselinesandsubsidiary nsmaybeincludedwithintheprojectmanagement （Kickoff輸入輸入輸出1.

4.3為達(dá)成項目目標(biāo)而和開展項目管理計DirectandManageProjectWorkTheprocessofleadingandperformingtheworkdefinedintheprojectmanagementnandimplementingapprovedchangestoachievetheproject’sobjectives.輸入輸入輸出

MonitorandControlProjectWork—Theprocessoftracking,reviewing,andreportingprojectprogressagainsttheperformanceobjectivesdefinedintheprojectmanagement 輸輸入輸出

PerformIntegratedChangeControl—Theprocessofreviewingallchangerequests;approvingchangesandmanagingchangestodeliverables,organizationalprocessassets,projects,andtheprojectmanagement andcommunicatingtheirdisposition.輸入輸入輸出4.5

CloseProjectorPhase—TheprocessoffinalizingallactivitiesacrossalloftheProjectManagementProcessGroupstoformallycompletetheprojectorphase.輸入輸入(Accepted輸出(Finalproduct,orresult ProjectStakeholder管理利益，促進(jìn)干系人合理參與項目決策和 13.1識別干系人——識別可能影響或者被項目的決策、活動或成果影響的人員、小組或組織，并且分析和記錄有關(guān)其利益、參與情況、相互依賴、和對項目成13.2規(guī)劃干系人管理——基于干系人需要、利益和對項目成功潛在影響，確定合適的管理策略以便貫穿整個項13.4控制干系人參與——監(jiān)督總體的項目干系人關(guān)系并。IdentifyStakeholders—Theprocessofidentifyingthepeople,groups,ororganizationsthatcouldimpactorbeimpactedbyadecision,activity,or 1.

高權(quán) nStakeholderManagement—Theprocessofdevelo managementstrategiestoeffectivelyengagestakeholdersthroughouttheprojectlifecycle,basedonthe ysisoftheirneeds,interests,andpotentialimpactonprojectsuccess.

。ManageStakeholderEngagementTheprocessofcommunicatingandworkingwithstakeholderstomeettheirneeds/expectations,addressissuesastheyoccur,andfosterappropriatestakeholderengagementinprojectactivitiesthroughouttheprojectlifecycle.

ControlStakeholderEngagement—Theprocessofmonitoringoverallprojectstakeholderrelationshipsandadjustingstrategiesand forengagingstakeholders.

范圍 scope(feature)和(function) nScopeManagement—Theprocessofcreatingascopemanagement nthatshowtheprojectscopewillbedefined,validated,andcontrolled.輸入輸入輸出

CollectRequirements—Theprocessof ing,andmanagingstakeholderneedsandrequirementstomeetprojectobjectives.

需 矩

DefineScope—Theprocess adetaileddescriptionoftheprojectandproduct.輸入輸入輸出(Project

SyRS

因痛而變（Nopain,nochangeFeature特征、特色Advantage優(yōu)勢Value＝(Advantage–Risk)*＝)*（CreateWBS—Theprocessofsubdividingprojectdeliverablesandprojectworkintosmaller,moremanageablecomponents.WBS=WorkBreakdown

(

(Scope

不能分解： ValidateScope—Theprocessofformalizingacceptanceofthecompletedprojectdeliverables. 需 矩

確認(rèn)范圍是在項目過程組中進(jìn)行的，強(qiáng)ControlScope—Theprocessofmonitoringthestatusoftheprojectandproductscopeandmanagingchangestothescopebaseline.輸入輸入 輸出1.

nScheduleManagement—Theprocessofestablishingthepolicies,procedures, ationnning,develo ,managing,executing,andcontrollingtheproject輸入輸入輸出1.

間DefineActivities—Theprocessofidentifyingthespecificactionstobeperformedtoproducetheproject輸入輸入輸出 (Rolling事業(yè)環(huán)境

1234567SequenceActivities—Theprocessofidentifyingand relationshipsamongtheprojectactivities.

Method(Leadsand

組織過程資產(chǎn)事業(yè)環(huán)境

活動活

活動活動活動活動 活動活動 活動活動活動活動 活動活動 活動EstimateActivityResources—Theprocessofestimatingthetypeandtiesofpeople,equipment,material, srequiredtoperformeach輸入輸入輸出 間間

EstimateActivityDurations—Theprocessofapproximatingthenumberofworkperiodsneededtocompleteindividualactivitieswithestimated

(

(ActivityDuration

±1σ68.26%;±2σ95.46%;±3σ99.73%;±6σDevelopSchedule—Theprocessofyzingactivitysequences,durations,resourcerequirements,andscheduleconstraintstocreatetheprojectschedule.

ES：最早結(jié)束日期DU：活動持續(xù)時間LS：最晚開始日期LF：最晚結(jié)束日期FF：自由浮動（時差）TF：總浮動（時差）相關(guān)

CriticalPath活動活動活動7周?；顒优判驗锳-B-C。但是，活動B的√C.14C 圖/橫道圖(Bar活動圖（GanntChart）(Henry 任務(wù)/日 1 2 3 4 5 6 ControlSchedule—Theprocessofmonitoringthestatusoftheprojecttoupdateprojectprogressandmanagingchangestotheschedulebaselinetoachievethe 輸入輸入輸出

0A1B2C6DAEB、1FC2GD3HE9IF10活動活動活動持續(xù)時間持續(xù)時間(周9 nCostManagement—Theprocessthatestablishesthepolicies,procedures, ationfor managing,expending,andcontrollingprojectcosts.輸入輸入輸出1.

EstimateCosts—Theprocessof anapproximationofthemonetaryresourcesneededtocompleteprojectactivities.輸入