1991年1月英語六級cet6真題試卷

D)D)ThebookwasofgreathelptotheA)A)MaybetheinvitationwastooTheman’swifedidn’tinviteMargaretpromisedtocome,butlatershechangedherMargaretwillcomeanyA)TogotoTocheckherfamilyTostayTorestforaA)JohnisusuallyJohnwillnotshowJohnwillbethereateight-JohnisusuallyonSectionPassageA)SomepianoSongssungbyAfricanAnewkindofMusicfromdifferentpartsoftheA)A)HowmuchpeoplelikesadWhymusicisanimportantformofHowmusicexpressespeople’sD)D)InwhatwayclassicmusicdiffersfrompopPassageA)ThewayyoupursueTheinterestyouThetimeyoucanThemoneyyouspendon yingyingCollectingCollectingA)OnecanalwaysfindtimetopursueaAhobbyisofparticularimportancetoapoliticalThecorrectchoiceofahobbydependsonone’sracialEveryoneshouldlearnhowtochooseahobbyfromWinstonPassageA)TotrainstudentstobesuccessfulToteachstudentstobegoodToteachstudentstoworkTotrainstudentstobesocialA)TodobetterinmathandTocompetewitheachToobeytheTohelpeachA)A)LowscoresoftheBadbehavioramongD)D)HeavycoursePartIIReadingComprehension(35PassageMerchantandpassengershipsaregenerallyrequiredtohavealifepreserverforeveryaboardand,inmanycases,acertainpercentageofsmallersizesforchildren.AccordingtoUnitedStatesCoastGuardrequirements,lifepreserversmustbesimpleindesign,reversible,capableofbeingquicklyadjustedtofittheuninitiatedindividual,andmustbesodesignedastosupportthewearerinthewaterinanuprightorslightlySufficientbuoyancy浮力)tosupportthewearershouldberetainedbythelifepreserverafter48hourinthewater,anditshouldbereliableevenafterlongperiodofstorageThusitshouldbemadeofmaterialsresistanttosunlight,gasolineandoilsanditshouldbenoteasilysetonfire.Thepositioninwhichthelifepreserverwillsupporta whojumpsorfallsintothewaterismostimportant,asisitstendencytoturnthewearerinthewaterfromaface-downpositiontoanuprightorslightlybackwardposition,withhisfaceclearofthewater,evenwhenthewearerisexhaustedorunconscious.Themethodofadjustmenttothebodyshouldbesimple,andself-evidenttouninitiatedseveninthedarkundertheconfusedconditionswhichfollowadisaster.Thus,lifepreservershouldbereversible,sothatitisnearlyimpossibletosetitonwrong.Catches,straps,andtiesshouldbekepttoaminimum.Inaddition,thelifepreservermustbeadjustabletothewidevarietyofshapesandsizesofwearers,sincethisgreatlyaffectsthepositionoffloatingandtheself-rightingqualities.Asuitablelifepreservershouldalsobecomfortabletowearatalltimes,inandoutofthewater,notsoheavyastoencouragetotakeitoffonshipboardwhiletheshipisindanger,norsoburdensomethatithindersinthewaterwhiletryingtoThepassageismainlyabout theusesoflifethedesignoflifethematerialsforlifethebuoyancyoflifeAccordingtothepassage,alifepreservershouldbefirstofall, UnitedStatesCoastGuarddoesNOTrequirethelifepreservertothemade withasfewstringsascapableofbeingwornonbothaccordingtoeachwearer’scomfortableandlighttoBy“theuninitiatedindividual”(Para.1,line6)theauthorrefersto whohasnotbeeninstructedhowtousealifewhohasalittleexperienceinusingalifewhousesalifepreserverwithout esnervousbeforeaWhatwouldhappenifa weresupportedbythelifepreserverinawrongThewaveswouldmovehimThewaterwouldchokeHewould ysinktotheHewouldbeexhaustedorPassageAhundredyearsagoitwasassumedandscientifically“proved”byeconomiststhatthelawsofsocietymadeitnecessarytohaveavastarmyofpoorandjoblesspeopleinordertokeeptheeconomygoing.Todayhardlyanybodywoulddaretovoicethisprinciple.ItisgenerallyacceptedthatnobodyshouldbeexcludedfromthewealthWesternindustrializedcountries,asystemofinsurancehasbeenintroducedwhichguaranteeseveryoneaminimumofsubsistence(生活維持費(fèi)incaseofunemployment,sicknessandoldageIwouldgoonestepfurtherandarguethat,eveniftheseconditionsarenotpresent,everyonehastherighttoreceivethemeanstosubsist(維持生活),inotherwords,hecanclaimthissubsistenceminimumwithouthavingtohaveany“reason”.Iwouldsuggest,however,thatitshouldbelimitedtoadefiniteperiodoftime,let’ssaytwoyears,soastoavoidtheencouragingofanabnormalattitudewhichrefusedanykindofsocialThismaysoundlikeafantasticproposal,butso,Ithink,ourinsurancesystemwouldhavesoundedtopeopleahundredyearsago.Themainobjectiontosuchaschemewouldbethatifeach wereentitledtoreceiveminimumsupport,peoplewouldnotwork.Thisassumptionrestsonthefallacyoftheinherentlazinessinhumannature,actually,asidefromabnormallylazypeople,therewouldbeveryfewwhowouldnotwanttoearnmorethantheminimum,andwhowouldprefertodonothingratherthanwork.However,thesuspicionsagainstasystemofguaranteedsubsistenceminimumarenotgroundless,fromthestandpointofthosewhowanttouseownershipofcapitalforpurposeofforcingotherstoaccepttheworkconditionstheyoffer.Ifnobodyweredtoacceptworkinordernottostarve,workwouldhavetobesufficientlyinterestingandattractivetoinduceonetoacceptit.domofcontractispossibleonlyifbothpartiesaretoacceptandrejectit;inthepresentcapitalistsystemthisisnotthecase.Butsuchasystemwouldnotonlybethebeginningofrealdomofcontractbetweenemployersandemployees,itsprincipaladvantagewouldbetheimprovementdomin alrelationshipsineverysphereofdailyPeopleusedtothinkthatpovertyandunemploymentweredueto theslowdevelopmentofthethepoorandjoblesspeople’sownthelackofresponsibilityonthepartofthelargenumberofpeoplewhowerenotwell-Nowitiswidelyacceptedthat thepresentsystemofsocialinsuranceshouldbeeverybodyshouldbegrantedaminimumofsubsistencewithoutanyeverybodyhastherighttoshareinthewealthofthepeoplehavetochangetheirattitudetowardstheThewriterarguesthatasystemofsocialinsuranceshould providebenefitsforthesick,oldandencouragepeopletotakeonmoresocialguaranteeeveryonetherighttobeprovideeveryonewiththerighttoaminimumsubsistenceforacertainTheword“fallacy”(Para.2.L.6)means strongwrongAccordingtothewriter,asystemofguaranteedsubsistenceminimum demandstoomuchfrommakesdomofcontracthelpspeopletakeinterestintheirhelpsbringaboutchangesintherelationshipamongPassageQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingThenewborncanseethedifferencebetweenvariousshapesandpatternsfrombirth.Hepreferspatternstodullorbrightsolidcolorsandlookslongeratstripesandanglesthanatcircularpatterns.Withinthreeweeks,however,hispreferenceshiftsdramaticallytothehumanface.Whyshouldababywithsolittlevisualexperienceattendmoretoahumanfacethantoanyotherkindofpattern’?Somescientiststhinkthispreferencerepresentsabuiltinadvantageforthehumanspecies.Theobjectofprimeimportancetothephysicallyhelplessinfantisahumanbeing.Babiesseemtohaveanaturaltendencytothehumanfaceaspotentiallyrewarding.Researchersalsopointoutthatthenewbornwiselyreliesmoreonpatternthanonoutline,size,orcolor.Patternremainsstable,whileoutlinechangeswithpointofview;size,withdistancefromanobject;andbrightnessandcolor,withlighting.Mothershavealwaysclaimedthattheycouldseetheirnewbornslookingatthemastheyheldthem,despitewhattheyhavebeentold.Theexpertswhothoughtthatperception(知覺)hadtoawaitphysicaldevelopmentandtheconsequenceofactionwerewrongforseveralreasons.Earlierresearchtechniqueswerelesssophisticatedthantheyaretoday.Physicalskillswereonceusedtoindicateperceptionofobjects-skillslikevisualtrackingandreachingforanobject,bothofwhichthenewborndoespoorlyThen,tooassumptionsthatthenewborn’seyeandbrainweretooimmatureforanythingassophisticatedaspatternrecognitioncausedopposingdatatobethrownawaySinceperceptionofformwaswidelybelievedtofollowperceptionofmore“basic”qualitiessuchascolorandbrightness,thepossibilityofitspresencefrombirthwasrejected.WhatdoesanewbornbabyliketoseeBrightCircularStripesandThenewbornpaysmoreattentiontoahumanfacethananyotherkindofobjectsbecause heseesahumanfacemoreoftenthananyotherkindofhehasaninherentabilitytoregardahumanbeingasahumanfaceisthemostcomplexpatternhecanahumanfaceis paniedbyapleasantContrarytowhattheybelieve,mothershavebeentoldthatnewborns carelittleaboutahumancan’ttracktheircan’tseetheircaneasilyperceiveInearlierresearchesonthenewborn’sperception,scientists ignoredevidencecontrarytotheirbelievedthatperceptionofformcomesbeforeperceptionofcolorandopposedthrowingawayeffectiveprovedthatphysicalskillscomeaftervisualThemainideaofthepassageisthat researchtechniquesareofvitalimportancescientificthefindingsofearlierscientificresearchersoftenprovenewbornscanperceiveformsfrommoreoftenthannottheclaimsofmothersarePassageQuestions36to40arebasedonthefollowingAlbertEinsteinrecalledhislearningproblemsphilosophically:“Myinlectual(智力的)developmentwasslowasaresultofwhichIbegantowonderaboutspaceandtimeonlywhenIhadalreadygrownup.Naturally,IcouldgodeeperintotheproblemthanachildAndso,11yearsafterdismissalfromschool,youngAlbertEinsteinpublishedthetheoryofrelativitythatchangedourunderstandingoftheuniverse.NooneinthiscenturyhasbeenmorewidelyrecognizedasageniusthanEinstein.Yethisproblemswithearlyinlectualdevelopmentandhispeculiargiftscastgreatdoubtonallourconventionalideasaboutgenius,inligenceor“I.Q.”(智商).Ontheonehand,Einsteinshowedearlydefectsinabilitiesthatourmentaltestsvalue;ontheotherhand,hisspecialinlectualfacultieswentfarbeyondmostdefinitionsofinligence.Moreover,theirgrowthappearspeculiarlygradual,contradictingthepopularconceptionofinligenceassomethinginbornandfixed.HisresolutepersistenceandhisskillsinyinggameswithideaswereapparentlyasdecisivetohisgeniusasanycuttingedgeofinlectThesepowerfulaspectsofinligencethatconventionaldefinitionsoverlookaregettingcloseattentioninanewwaveofresearch.ThiscomesafteryearsofearlierstudieswhichexposedthenarrownessofourusualmeasuresofmentalabilityInligenceitturnsout,ismultifacetedandmarvelous;itincludes alcharacteristicscreativityskillsandinlectualcapabilitiesthatshowuponnotest.Whatismostexcitingisthatsomeoftheseiii-definedabilitiesarepossessedbymanypeople.Justknowingaboutsuchneglectedskillswillhelpusdiscoveranddevelopuntapped(未開發(fā)的)potential-inourselvesandinourThispassageisabout thedevelopmentofEinstein’sinthewiderecognitionofEinsteinasaconventionalideasconcerninganinsighttothecomplexityofhumaninAccordingtothepassage,whenEinsteinwasatschool,he fellbehindotherwasfondofstudyingphilosophicalwasproudofhisownthoughtmoredeeplyabouttheproblemsofspaceandtimethanhisWhichofthefollowingledtoEinstein’sHisgoodskillsingame-HisdiligenceandpowerfulHisunusualinsightintotheconceptionof Hisdecisivenessintaking“Multifaceted”(Para.3,Line6)probablymeans havingmanyhavingmanyhavingmanyhavingmanyAccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisConventional ligencetestsarenotForordinarypeople ligenceissomethinginbornandEinsteinwasapparentlyageniusinyinggamesaswellasinscientificEinstein’searlydefectsinabilitiescontributedtohislatermentalPartIIIVocabularyandStructure(20Theoilshortage thepricesofchemicalfertilizersontheworlddrovedrovedrovedroveTherearefive mistakesinthispicture.CanyoufindthemandwinaThesestudieswillyieldvaluablelemons inwhichtosavelivesandprotecthowtosavelivesandprotectinhowtosavelivesandprotectaboutthosetosavelivesandprotectTheschoolofferedflexiblecoursesforfarmers, morehoursofstudywhenfarmworkwasnotheavy.Partofthecostofmanyarticlesistakenastaxbythe ernment inceonaccountintermsonbehalfSoldiersactin totheordersoftheir aftertheSecondWorldWarthattestpilotsfirstattemptedtobreakthe“SoundItwasUntilShortlywas in amaItnevervirtuallyItvirtuallyneverNeveritrainsNevervirtuallyitSocietynowrequirestheuniversitytobeapartofthecommunity. ,studentsthemselvesexpecttoyaroleintheaffairsofsociety.Superconductorsloseelectricalonly subjectedtointenseThosewholieandcheatwillnever getongetbackgetawaygetoffAforeignlanguagelikeEnglishisdifficulttolearn,soyou worktoooughtCulturallifeinEnglandtakessomanyformsthatabriefsummarycanonlyattemptto itsvariety.Thereare periodsinananimal’slifewhenitiscapableoflearningagreatdealinaveryshorttime.Doemployersinyourcountry workersforinjuriessufferedattheirA)conformB)Sincetheybetrayedus,theyhavenohopeofconvincing theirTheyassuredusthat waswaitingfortheyweretheretoshare exposuretodirtyaircancausepeoplesufferfromsome aboutoneofthemostrapidlychangingcountriesinaceaselesslychangingworldisnotalleasy.BeingTobeHaveinThoughyoustayintheseaforweeks,youwillnot contactwiththeoutsideVisitorstoEnglandsometimesfindthelackofpublicactivitiesinthe Julieisoneofthosewomenwhoalways thelatestlookkeepuprungoinThistraditionalentertainmentforchildreninAmericahasnever, Iknow,epopularin.asfarastotheextentsolongMr.Smithattendstothe ofimportantbusinessBesideswhatyouhaveexined,canyouthinkof reasonfortheirterribleThechairmanthreatened ifhispolicieswerenottotobebeingShewasabletogivetheafullaccountofsinceshehadbeen toananon-aaVeryfewpeopleunderstoodhislecture,thesubjectofwhichwasvery Althoughthenational ernmenthasintroducedsomenewlawsonthissubject,itisthe ernmentswhichareresponsibleforpollutioncontrol.Hewould itthathissontookalivelierinterestinseeseeseeseePartIVErrorCorrection(15Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordeleteaword.Markoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovided.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark(∧)intherightceandwritethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitandputaslash(/)intheblank.evisionisrapidly ingthelitureofour. 1.time/times/periodManyoftheargumentsgusedforthestudyoflitureas 2. aschoolsubjectarevalidfor∧studyofevision. 3. BythetimeoftheCivilWar,thereweremanydifferencesbetweentheNorthandtheForinstance,thepopulationof