中國(guó)歷史故事（二）-2023年中考英語(yǔ)新熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀（含解析）

PAGE12023年中考英語(yǔ)新熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀-中國(guó)歷史故事（二）題型主要內(nèi)容1完形填空介紹了匡衡鑿壁偷光的故事。2完形填空講述了班超出使鄯善國(guó)，帶領(lǐng)30多名士兵殺死了敵人并成功與鄯善國(guó)簽平等條約的故事。3閱讀理解講述了戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期的廉頗負(fù)荊請(qǐng)罪的故事。4閱讀理解講述了唐太宗知人善用的故事。5短文選詞填空介紹了成語(yǔ)“拋磚引玉”的典故。01（2022·遼寧鞍山·中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)最佳答案。TherearemanygreatstoriesinChinesehistory.Thisisoneofthemosteducationalstories.KuangHengwasaveryfamouspersonintheWesternHanDynasty,andhewasbornina____1____family.Helikedreadingverymuch.Heneededtoworkinthedaytime,sohehadtoreadbooksduringthenight.Buthewastoopoortobuya____2____.Oneday,hefoundhisneighborhadcandles,butthelightcouldn’tgo____3____thewall.Afterthinkingforawhile,hehadanidea.He____4____asmallholeinthewallinhishousesothathecouldusethelightfromhisneighbor’shousetoreadbooks.Fromthatdayon,hereadbookseverynight____5____thelightwentout.Aftersomedays,inhishousetherewerenobooksforhimtoread.Thenhewenttoarichman’shouseandworkedforhimwithout____6____anymoney.Hearingthis,therichmanthoughtthatKuangHengwas____7____butstillasked,“Youmeantyouwouldworkformeforfree.Butwhy?”KuangHengreplied,“Well,Ionlywantto____8____yourbookstoread.That’senough.”Therichmanwasdeeplymovedandhe____9____.KuangHengreadthebooksintherichman’shouseonebyone.____10____,hebecameagreatscholar(學(xué)者).Ifyouarestillworriedaboutreadingbooks,it’snecessaryforyoutolearnfromKuangHeng.1．A．rich B．small C．poor D．big2．A．candle B．house C．book D．match3．A．by B．over C．a(chǎn)cross D．through4．A．found B．hung C．dug D．put5．A．if B．until C．a(chǎn)lthough D．a(chǎn)fter6．A．a(chǎn)skingfor B．givingback C．payingfor D．layingout7．A．simple B．smart C．serious D．stupid8．A．lend B．borrow C．buy D．keep9．A．a(chǎn)dvised B．a(chǎn)greed C．a(chǎn)chieved D．a(chǎn)rgued10．A．Suddenly B．Certainly C．Finally D．Unluckily02（2022年遼寧省沈陽(yáng)市沈河區(qū)中考二模英語(yǔ)試題）DuringtheHandynasty,therewasageneralnamedBanChao.Oneday,hewassenttovisitShanshanstate(鄯善國(guó))(nearmodernXinjiang)inthewesternregions.The____11____ofBan’stripwastoestablish(建立)goodrelationswiththestate.Hebroughtonlyabout30soldiers____12____him.TheShanshankingreceivedthemkindlyandtreatedthemwell.AtthattimetherewasanationcalledXiongnuorHuninthenorth.ItoftenfoughtagainstHan’sarmy.AfewdaysafterBan’steamhad____13____Shanshan,Xiongnualsosentmessengers(使者)andagroupofsoldierstothestate.Theyspoke____14____ofBantothekingofShanshan.Thekingwasalmostconvinced(說服)bythem.Hebegantoshowacoldattitude(態(tài)度)towardsBan’sgroup.WhenBansawthis,hecalledtogetherhissoldiersandsaidto____15____,“Nowweareinaverydangeroussituation.TheShanshankingisnolongertreatingusina____16____manner(態(tài)度).Ifwedon’tdoanything,hemay____17____usovertotheHuns.Inthiscase,wewillneitherbeabletocompleteourtasknorreturnalive.“Whatshouldwedonow?”askedthesoldiers.“Wewillall____18____you!Thegeneralsaid,“TheHunshave____19____soldiersthanwedoandtheShanshankingislikelytosupportthem.Ourtaskisasdifficultasstealinga____20____tigerfromagroupofadulttigers.Ifwedon’tventure(冒險(xiǎn))intotheircave,howcanweachieveourgoal?Wehaveno____21____buttoattackandkillallofthesoldiersattheHunsarmycampwhentheyslept."____22____,BanledhissoldierssecretlytotheHuns’camp.There,hesetfireandbeatthewardrumsloudly.TheHunsoldierswerevery____23____.Afterafiercebattle(激戰(zhàn)),Ban’sarmykilledmorethan100____24____.Thenextday,BanmetwiththekingofShanshan.Thekingadmired(欽佩)Ban’sbravery____25____hefearedBanatthesametime.Heimmediatelysignedapeacetreaty(條約)withBan.11．A．experience B．method C．trouble D．purpose12．A．behind B．with C．a(chǎn)bout D．under13．A．a(chǎn)rrivedin B．wentthrough C．walkedpast D．returnedfrom14．A．badly B．highly C．warmly D．coldly15．A．us B．him C．you D．them16．A．deadly B．silly C．friendly D．lovely17．A．hand B．look C．get D．think18．A．listento B．hearfrom C．lookat D．makefriendswith19．A．less B．more C．fewer D．weaker20．A．silk B．baby C．paper D．crayon21．A．chance B．change C．choice D．challenge22．A．Inthemorning B．Intheafternoon C．Atnoon D．Atnight23．A．relaxed B．excited C．frightened D．interested24．A．enemies B．horses C．guests D．teams25．A．a(chǎn)nd B．but C．or D．so03（2022年重慶市第一中學(xué)校中考三模英語(yǔ)試題）IntheWarringStatesPeriod,thereweremanyshiningnamesintheriverofthehistory.LianPoandLinXiangruwereamongthem.BothofthemweregeneralsoftheStateofZhao.Theybothcontributedalottotheircountry.LianPowasgoodatfightingagainstenemiesinthewarwhileLinXiangruwasstronginprovidingwisesuggestionsfortheking.

Oneday,LinXiangrutookalotoftroubletogetavaluablejade(璧)backfortheking.Thenthekinghighlypraisedhim.LianPofeItunhappyandsaid,“I’llmakeLinXiangrufeelashamedandfoolishthenexttimeImeethim.”LinXiangruheardofthisfromothers.Inordernottocausetrouble,hetriedhisbesttoavoidmeetingLianPo.BecauseLinXiangruputbenefitofthecountryfirst,hethoughtthatanytroublebetweenhimandLianPowouldbeusedbytheenemyoftheircountry.Sohekeptsilent.

LaterwhenLianPorealizedhismistake,hewassoashamedthathewenttoLinXiangru’shomecarryingbramblesonhisbackandaskedforpunishment.LinXiangruwelcomedhimwarmlyandconsideredhimashisbestfriend.26．LianPoandLinXiangruwereboth________.A．kings B．soldiers C．generals D．enemies27．AfterhearingwhatLianPosaidfromothers,LinXiangru________.A．saidsorrytoLianPo B．toldthekingC．keptsilent D．visitedLianPo28．Accordingtothepassage,itisTRUEthat________.A．thekingpreferredLianPotoLinXiangruB．LianPodidn’trealizehismistakeatlastC．LianPogotavaluablejadebackforthekingD．LinXiangruputbenefitofthecountryfirst29．Whichpicturebestdescribesthestory?________A． B．C． D．04（2022年江蘇省鹽城市濱?？h第一初級(jí)中學(xué)中考三模英語(yǔ)試題）DuringtheTangDynasty,EmperorTaizongaskedtheprimeminister（宰相）FengDeyitorecommendtalentedpeople.However,severalmonthspassed.Fengdidn’trecommendanyone.“Itriedmybest,buttherearenotunusualandwell-rounded（全面發(fā)展的）peopleatall.”Fengsaid.“Peoplearelikeutensils（器物）.Whatweneedtodoistomakegooduseoftheirstrengths.Youshouldblameyourselffornotnoticingtalentedpeople.Howcouldyousaythattherearenotalentedpeopleinourera?”saidtheemperor.Indeed,eachutensilortoolhasaspecificfunction.Aknifeismadetocutthingswhilechopsticksaremadetopickupfood.Wecan’tuseaknifeasachopstick.Likeautensil,eachpersonhasaparticularstrength.Nobodyisperfect.Wecan’texpectapersontobegoodateverything.Withthisideainmind,EmperorTaizongdiscoveredmanytalentedpeopleofdifferentbackgrounds.Heofferedthemimportantpositions,whichhelpedthemmakethemostoftheirtalents.Histalentedpeoplehelpedthesocietydevelopandcreateda“goldenage”.AgoodexampleisMaZhou,whogrewupinapoorfamily.Magavealotofusefuladvice,soEmperorTaizongofferedhimapositionandpromoted（晉升）himmanytimes.Mahelpedtheemperordealwithcomplicatedissuesandbecameawell-knownpersoninhistory.Aslongasapersonistalentedinoneaspect,weshouldgivethemachance.ThesameideacanbefoundintheAnaletsofConfucus（《論語(yǔ)》）.Treatingpeopleasutensilsshowsnotonlygoodleadership,butasincereandinclusiveattitude.30．Whycouldn’tFengDeyifindanytalentedpeopleatfirst?A．Therewerenotalentedpeoplethen. B．Hewasafraidofbeingreplaced.C．Hetriedtofindwell-roundedpeople. D．Hewasdissatisfiedwiththeemperor.31．MaZhouisagoodexampleofpeoplewho________.A．havenotalentbutarestilluseful B．a(chǎn)reunusualandwell-roundedC．knowwhentotakeachance D．showtalentintherightfield32．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Chancefavorsonlythepreparedmind.B．Manyhandsmakelightwork.C．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D．Talentedpeopleshouldbevaluedandledtotherightplace.05（2022·遼寧鞍山·三模）閱讀短文，選擇方框里的詞并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?，使短文意思完整，通順。（每詞只能用一次，有兩個(gè)單詞是多余的）hear,

polite,

happy,

if,

visit,

when,

talent,

write,

during,

they,

use,

soundDuringtheTangDynastyinancientChina,therelivedamannamedZhaoGu.Hewroteverygoodpoems.Evenfamouspoetsofhistimeenjoyedreading___33___.Atthattime,inaplacecalledWu,therelivedamannamedChangJian.Healsolikedtowritepoems.ChangJiangreatlyadmiredZhaoGu’s___34___andwantedtolearnfromhim.Oneday,ChangJian___35___thatZhaoGuwouldbetravelingtoWu.HeknewthatZhaoGuwouldsurelyvisitLingYanTemple___36___histrip,becausethiswasaveryfamousplace.SoChangJianwenttothetemplefirst.Therewasawallinthetemplefor___37___towriteandsharetheirideas.ChangJian___38___twopoemlinesonthewall.___39___ZhaoGusawthetwopoemlinesonthetemplewall,hecouldnothelpaddinganothertwolines.AndsoChangJianachievedhisgoal.Hesaid___40___,“Mypoemisabrick(磚),andZhaoGu’spoemisjade(玉).Ilaidabrick,andattracted(吸引)jade!”Nowpeopleoften___41___theidiompaozhuanyinyuwhengivinganopinionoraspeech.Itisa(n)___42___andmodest(謙虛的)waytoexpresstheirhopeinseeingothersoffersomethingbetter.參考答案：1．C

2．A

3．D

4．C

5．B

6．C

7．D

8．B

9．B

10．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了匡衡鑿壁偷光的故事。1．句意：匡衡是西漢一個(gè)很有名的人，他出生在一個(gè)貧窮的家庭。rich富有的；small小的；poor窮的；big大的。根據(jù)“Buthewastoopoor”可知是貧窮的家庭，故選C。2．句意：但是他太窮了，買不起蠟燭。candle蠟燭；house房子；book書；match比賽。根據(jù)下文“Oneday,hefoundhisneighborhadcandles,”可知是指蠟燭，故選A。3．句意：有一天，他發(fā)現(xiàn)鄰居有蠟燭，但光穿不過墻。by通過；over在上面；across穿過；through通過。根據(jù)“butthelightcouldn’tgo...thewall.”可知是指光穿過墻，是從內(nèi)部穿過，應(yīng)用through，故選D。4．句意：他在自己房子的墻上挖了一個(gè)小洞，這樣他就可以利用鄰居家的燈光看書了。found找到；hung懸掛；dug挖；put放置。根據(jù)“asmallholeinthewall”可知是挖一個(gè)洞，故選C。5．句意：從那天起，他每天晚上都讀書，直到熄燈。if如果；until直到；although盡管；after以后。根據(jù)“hereadbookseverynight...thelightwentout.”可知是指匡衡看書直到鄰居的燈熄滅，故選B。6．句意：然后，他去了一個(gè)富人的房子，為他工作，不需要給自己錢。askingfor要求；givingback歸還；payingfor支付；layingout布置。根據(jù)“Youmeantyouwouldworkformeforfree”可知匡衡為富人工作，不需要薪水，故選C。7．句意：富人聽了，覺得匡衡太傻了。simple簡(jiǎn)單的；smart聰明的；serious嚴(yán)肅的；stupid愚蠢的。結(jié)合生活實(shí)際可知，一個(gè)人工作卻不要任何報(bào)酬，別人會(huì)覺得對(duì)方很傻，故選D。8．句意：我只是想借你的書來(lái)看。lend借出；borrow借入；buy買；keep保持。根據(jù)“Well,Ionlywantto...yourbookstoread”可知是指匡衡要借書看，此處是指借入書，應(yīng)用borrow，故選B。9．句意：富人被深深打動(dòng)了，他同意了。advised建議；agreed同意；achieved實(shí)現(xiàn)；argued爭(zhēng)吵。根據(jù)“deeplymoved”可知富人被匡衡的話感動(dòng)了，于是同意了匡衡的要求，故選B。10．句意：最后，他成了一名偉大的學(xué)者。Suddenly突然；Certainly當(dāng)然；Finally最終；Unluckily不幸地。根據(jù)“hebecameagreatscholar(學(xué)者).”可知是指最終匡衡成為了一名偉大的學(xué)者，故選C。11．D

12．B

13．A

14．A

15．D

16．C

17．A

18．A

19．B

20．B

21．C

22．D

23．C

24．A

25．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了班超出使鄯善國(guó)，帶領(lǐng)30多名士兵殺死了敵人并成功與鄯善國(guó)簽平等條約的故事。11．句意：班超此行的目的是與鄯善國(guó)建立良好關(guān)系。experience經(jīng)歷；method方法；trouble困擾；purpose目的。根據(jù)“The…ofBan’stripwastoestablish(建立)goodrelationswiththestate.”可知，介紹他此行的目的是與鄯善國(guó)建立良好關(guān)系，故選D。12．句意：他只帶了大約30名士兵。behind在……后面；with帶有；about關(guān)于；under在……下面。根據(jù)“Hebroughtonlyabout30soldiers…h(huán)im”可知，隨身攜帶了約30名士兵，故選B。13．句意：班超的隊(duì)伍到達(dá)鄯善國(guó)幾天后，匈奴也派使者和一隊(duì)士兵到鄯善國(guó)。arrivedin到達(dá)；wentthrough經(jīng)歷；walkedpast路過；returnedfrom從……回來(lái)。根據(jù)“AfewdaysafterBan’steamhad…Shanshan”可知，此處指到達(dá)鄯善國(guó)，故選A。14．句意：他們對(duì)鄯善國(guó)王說班超的壞話。badly糟糕地；highly高地；warmly暖和地；coldly寒冷地。根據(jù)“Hebegantoshowacoldattitude(態(tài)度)towardsBan’sgroup”可知，對(duì)國(guó)王說班超的壞話，最后國(guó)王對(duì)班超的隊(duì)伍表現(xiàn)出冷淡的態(tài)度，故選A。15．句意：班超看到后，召集士兵對(duì)他們說。us我們；him他；you你；them他們。根據(jù)“hecalledtogetherhissoldiers”可知，此處是指對(duì)這些士兵說，應(yīng)填them，故選D。16．句意：鄯善國(guó)王對(duì)我們不再友好了。deadly奪命；silly愚蠢的；friendly友好的；lovely可愛的。根據(jù)“Hebegantoshowacoldattitude(態(tài)度)towardsBan’sgroup”可知，班超根據(jù)國(guó)王對(duì)他們的態(tài)度判斷，不會(huì)再對(duì)他們友好了，故選C。17．句意：如果我們什么都不做，他可能會(huì)把我們交給匈奴人。hand交給；look看；get得到；think認(rèn)為。根據(jù)“usovertotheHuns”可知，把我們交給匈奴，故選A。18．句意：我們都聽你的。listento聽；hearfrom聽說；lookat看；makefriendswith與……交朋友。根據(jù)“Whatshouldwedonow”可知，士兵詢問班超的意見，都會(huì)聽從他的安排，故選A。19．句意：匈奴的士兵比我們多，鄯善國(guó)王很可能會(huì)支持他們。less較少的；more較多的；fewer較少的；weaker更虛弱的。根據(jù)“TheHunshave…soldiersthanwedoandtheShanshankingislikelytosupportthem”可知，匈奴的士兵更多，所以鄯善國(guó)王才會(huì)支持他們，故選B。20．句意：我們的任務(wù)就像從一群成年老虎那里偷一只小老虎一樣困難。silk絲綢；baby嬰兒；paper紙；crayon蠟筆。根據(jù)“Ifwedon’tventure(冒險(xiǎn))intotheircave,howcanweachieveourgoal”可知，此處借用于“不入虎穴焉得虎子”這個(gè)道理來(lái)告訴士兵接下來(lái)的冒險(xiǎn)，故選B。21．句意：我們別無(wú)選擇，只能趁匈奴人熟睡的時(shí)候，攻擊并殺死他們。chance機(jī)會(huì)；change改變；choice選擇；challenge挑戰(zhàn)。havenochoicebuttodosth“除了做某事，別無(wú)選擇”，故選C。22．句意：晚上，班超帶著他的士兵秘密來(lái)到匈奴的營(yíng)地。Inthemorning在早上；Intheafternoon在下午；Atnoon在中午；Atnight在晚上。根據(jù)“attackandkillallofthesoldiersattheHunsarmycampwhentheyslept”可知，在晚上入睡的時(shí)候偷襲他們，故選D。23．句意：匈奴兵非常害怕。relaxed放松的；excited興奮的；frightened害怕的；interested感興趣的。根據(jù)“There,hesetfireandbeatthewardrumsloudly”可知，匈奴兵在晚上熟睡的時(shí)候聽到這些聲音感到很害怕，故選C。24．句意：經(jīng)過激烈的戰(zhàn)斗，班超的軍隊(duì)殺死了100多名敵人。enemies敵人；horses馬；guests客人；teams團(tuán)隊(duì)。根據(jù)“Afterafiercebattle(激戰(zhàn)),Ban’sarmykilledmorethan100”可知，殺死了100多名敵人，故選A。25．句意：國(guó)王既欽佩班超的勇敢，又害怕他。and和；but但是；or或者；so因此?！癮dmired(欽佩)Ban’sbravery”與“hefearedBanatthesametime”是并列關(guān)系，故選A。26．C

27．C

28．D

29．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期的廉頗負(fù)荊請(qǐng)罪的故事。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BothofthemweregeneralsoftheStateofZhao.“可知，他們都是趙國(guó)的將軍。故選C。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Sohekeptsilent.”可知，聽了別人的話，藺相如保持沉默。故選C。28．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“BecauseLinXiangruputbenefitofthecountryfirst,hethoughtthatanytroublebetweenhimandLianPowouldbeusedbytheenemyoftheircountry.”可知，因?yàn)樘A相如把國(guó)家利益放在第一位，所以他認(rèn)為自己和廉頗之間的任何麻煩都會(huì)被國(guó)家的敵人所利用。由此可知，藺相如把國(guó)家利益放在第一位。故選D。29．推理判斷題。本文主要講述了戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期的廉頗負(fù)荊請(qǐng)罪的故事，結(jié)合圖畫內(nèi)容可知，B圖最能描述這個(gè)故事。故選B。30．C