虛擬語氣長豐一中吳靈燕

MoodsintheEnglishLanguage:◆theIndicativeMood(陳述語氣):-IteachEnglish,Uknow.◆theImperativeMood(祈使語氣):-Smile,please!◆theSubjunctiveMood(虛擬語氣):-IwishIwerethemostbeautifulladyintheworld.Themoodofaverbexpressingwishes,stipulatingdemands,ormakingstatementscontrarytofact.TheSubjunctiveMoodDefinition:

CanUmakesentenceswiththeSubjunctiveMood:TheSubjunctiveMoodcanusuBdividedinto3types：ⅱ.should+do(shouldcanbeomitted<省略>)（1）AnyNoun-clausesabout“suggestion,order,request”

（“建議、請求、命令”的相關(guān)名詞性從句）；（2）Itisstrange/important/necessary/naturalthat…(should)+do…(3)Itisashame/apity/nowonderthat…(should)+do…ⅲ..Specialsentencepatterns:(1)Itistimethat…should(shouldcannotBomitted<省略>)do…/did…（2）incase,lest,forfearthat…3d/1t/can/may…ⅰ.：“Puttheactionforwardtoanearliertense(時(shí)態(tài)的推移)”

（1）About“wishes”(“愿望”類)

（2）About“If-Conditional”(“if–條件句”類)

（3）About“asif/though”(“asif/though”類)

SubordinateClause(從句)(Contrary2thecurrentfact.)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反PastSimple(一般過去時(shí))（*be→1._____________）(Contrary2thecomingfact.)與將來事實(shí)相反2.______________+“do”(Contrary2thepastfact.)與過去事實(shí)相反3.________________haddonewere3d/1t(could/would)★TheSubjunctiveMoodabout‘wish’:：“Puttheactionforwardtoanearliertense(時(shí)態(tài)的推移類)”：

ⅰ.

wish★2、Ifonly(要是……就好了)（“時(shí)態(tài)的推移”）While“ifonly”introducesanexclamation(感嘆句):IfonlyIlastweek!要是我上周就認(rèn)識你們該多好??！

Ifonly

要是我是男的就好了！IfonlyIto12a.m.tomorrow!要是明天能睡到12點(diǎn)就好了！IhadknownUIwereaboy!P.s.:TomorrowUhave7classes!!couldsleepSharetheruleswith“wish”（與wish變化相同）★3、“wouldrather”:“時(shí)態(tài)的推移”：●Iwouldratheryounotherewithmenow.(我寧愿你不跟我在一塊。)●Iwouldratheryoutomorrow.我寧愿你明天不來。（Actually,Uwillcome!）●

Iwouldratherwethat.真希望我們從來沒開始過。werehadneverbegunpresent:

future:past:didhaddonedidn’tcome★ⅱ、UnrealConditionalClauses(“非真實(shí)條件句”類)：★★：“Puttheactionforwardtoanearliertense(時(shí)態(tài)的推移類)”①ThePrincipalClauseagreeswiththeSubordinateClausein‘time’(主從句時(shí)態(tài)一致):

IfI

notnervousnow,Igiveabetterpresentation.

翻譯：如果06年我出國了，就不會認(rèn)識他了。

IfIfitinJunethisyear，theNationalCollegeEntranceExamination

were

could(3d/1t)Ihadgoneabroadin2006,Iwould

(3d\1t)nothavemethim.翻譯：如果今年六月份下雪，高考將順延。weretosnowshouldsnow（shouldcannotomitted(省略）)snowed

（contrarytothecomingfact與將來事實(shí)相反）（contrarytothecurrentfact與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）would(3d\1t)Bputoff.（contrarytothepastfact與過去事實(shí)相反）②、MixedConditional(混合條件句):

The‘time’oftheactioninSubordinateClause(從句)doesnotagreewith（與…一致）

thatinPrincipalClause（主句）.TRUEORFALSE?IfIhadnotappliedtogivethislecture,IsoamazingSslikeU

Tense(時(shí)態(tài))changesaccording2‘time’inIf-Conditional!wouldnothavemetTheaction(動作)intheSubordinateclause（從句）

referstothepast（過去）

andinthePrincipalClause（主句）

-tothepresent（現(xiàn)在）.wouldnotmeetnow.③、If–conditionalwithout“IF”(省略if的條件句):

“When‘were’，’should’or‘had’”appearintheSubordinateclauseinIF-Conditional,“If”canBomitted，andthenplace“‘were’，’should’or‘had’”inthefrontoftheSubordinateClause，formingtheInvertedSentence(倒裝句)eventually.◆Ifhewereherenow,Icouldturntohim.=Wereheherenow,Icouldturntohim.◆

WereittosnowthisJune，theCollegeEntranceExaminationwould(3d\1t)notB

heldontime.④SomeSubordinateClausescanBsubstitutedbythefollowingphrases(含蓄虛擬條件句):

butfor(要不是……的話)，butthat(要不是……)，without(如果沒有……)，supposing(假設(shè)……)，otherwise(orelse)(要不然)…

Withoutyourhelp,Icouldn’thavemadesuchprogress.翻譯：沒有你的幫助，我不可能取得如此的進(jìn)步。IfUhadn’thelpedme,…IfIhadn’tgotyourhelp,…★SummarizethesubjunctiverulesinIf-Conditional:RulesSorPTimeSubordinateClausePrincipalClauseContrary2thecurrent

hypothesis(假設(shè))If+S+thePastTenseoftheVerb(bewere)S+would/could/should/might(3d/1t)+doContrary2thepast

hypothesis（假設(shè)）If+S+“haddone”S+would/could/should/might(3d/1t)+havedoneContrary2thecominghypothesis（假設(shè)）⒈If+S+thePastTenseoftheVerb⒉If+S+“wereto+do”⒊If+S+should(cannotBomitted)+doS+would/could/should/might(3d/1t)+doⅢ.asif\though：“Puttheactionforwardtoanearliertense(時(shí)態(tài)的推移類)”Shesingsasifsheaboy.她唱起歌來像個男孩。ShespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifsheEnglishinAmerica.她英語講得很流利，好像在美國學(xué)過英語。與wish一樣！werehadstudied

SubordinateClause(從句)(Contrary2thecurrentfact.)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反PastSimple(一般過去時(shí))（*be→1._____________）(Contrary2thecomingfact.)與將來事實(shí)相反2.______________+“do”(Contrary2thepastfact.)與過去事實(shí)相反3.________________were3d/1t(could/would)haddone★★★SuperSummaryaboutthechangingofTENSEintheSubj