紅柚的功效朋友的功效

紅柚的功能朋友的功能為了追求健康,好多人求助于醫(yī)生、盤問(wèn)保健書或服用草藥調(diào)理。但他們忽視了能幫助他們抗衡疾病、抗擊抑郁、加速康復(fù)、減緩衰老和盛情延年的一種強(qiáng)有力的武器――朋友。研究人員現(xiàn)在才開始關(guān)注友誼和社會(huì)關(guān)系對(duì)人體健康的重要性。澳大利亞一項(xiàng)歷時(shí)10年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在研究時(shí)期,交友廣泛的老人死亡的可能性比朋友較少的老人低22%。昨年,哈佛大學(xué)研究人員報(bào)道,當(dāng)人們變老的時(shí)候,富強(qiáng)的社會(huì)關(guān)系能促進(jìn)大腦的健康。朋友關(guān)系比家庭關(guān)系對(duì)我們的心理健康擁有更大的影響。在一本名為《來(lái)自埃姆斯的女孩們:40年友誼的故事》的書中,作者杰弗里?扎斯洛描述了11個(gè)孩童時(shí)期的朋友從愛(ài)荷華州分別到8個(gè)不同樣州的故事。誠(chéng)然她們相距很遠(yuǎn),但經(jīng)歷了從大學(xué)到結(jié)婚、離婚和其他的各樣危機(jī),她們的友誼依舊保持了下來(lái)。經(jīng)過(guò)剪貼簿、相冊(cè)以及這些女人自己的回憶,作者按年代記錄了她們的親密友誼如何影響她們的生活,幾乎在每一章里都能找到友誼對(duì)她們的健康和幸福產(chǎn)生的巨大作用。2006年,一項(xiàng)對(duì)近3000名患乳腺癌護(hù)士的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),與具有10個(gè)或以上親密朋友的女性對(duì)照,沒(méi)有親密朋友的女性死于乳腺癌的可能性是前者的4倍。誠(chéng)然好多對(duì)友誼的研究重視于女性之間的親密關(guān)系,但一些研究表示男性也能受益。瑞典一項(xiàng)針對(duì)736名中年男性為期6年的研究表示,愛(ài)情對(duì)于心臟病和致命冠芥蒂的發(fā)活力率沒(méi)有影響,但友誼卻影響巨大。缺乏社會(huì)支持和吸煙并列為對(duì)健康的兩大威脅。友誼為何有這樣重要作用的原因目前還不完好清楚。誠(chéng)然朋友可以為一個(gè)病人跑腿買東西、取藥,但是友誼的利處遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了實(shí)質(zhì)幫助。友誼對(duì)一個(gè)人顯然擁有深遠(yuǎn)的心理影響。擁有富強(qiáng)朋友關(guān)系的人比其他人患感冒的可能性更小,也許是因?yàn)樗麄兂惺艿膲毫^低。昨年,研究人員對(duì)美國(guó)弗吉尼亞大學(xué)34個(gè)學(xué)生進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)試驗(yàn),把這些學(xué)生帶到了一座陡峭的山腳下,給他們每人發(fā)了一個(gè)很重的背包,爾后要求他們估計(jì)這座山的陡度。在估計(jì)時(shí)期,有些學(xué)生和朋友們站在一起,有的學(xué)生則是單唯一人。結(jié)果顯示,和朋友站在一起的學(xué)生對(duì)這座山的陡度估計(jì)較低。朋友相互認(rèn)識(shí)的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng),估計(jì)的陡度似乎就越低?！皳碛猩铄溆颜x的人會(huì)感覺(jué)自己有一種后盾”,弗吉尼亞理工大學(xué)老年醫(yī)學(xué)中心主任凱倫?A?羅伯特說(shuō),“朋友關(guān)系是一種被低估的資源,這些研究獲取的一致信息是:朋友使你的生活更加美好?！盬hatAreFriendsFor?ALongerLifeByTaraParker-PopeInthequestforbetterhealth,manypeopleturntodoctors,self-helpbooksorherbalsupplements.Buttheyoverlookapowerfulweaponthatcouldhelpthemfightillnessanddepression,speedrecovery,slowagingandprolonglife:theirfriends.Researchersareonlynowstartingtopayattentiontotheimportanceoffriendshipandsocialnetworksinoverallhealth.A10-yearAustralianstudyfoundthatolderpeoplewithalargecircleoffriendswere22percentlesslikelytodieduringthestudyperiodthanthosewithfewerfriends.Andlastyear,Harvardresearchersreportedthatstrongsocialtiescouldpromotebrainhealthasweage.Friendshiphasabiggerimpactonourpsychologicalwell-beingthanfamilyrelationships.Inhisnewbook,TheGirlsFromAmes:AStoryofWomenanda40-YearFriendship,JeffreyZaslowtellsthestoryof11childhoodfriendswhoscatteredfromIowatoeightdifferentstates.Despitethedistance,theirfriendshipsenduredthroughcollegeandmarriage,divorceandothercrises.Usingscrapbooks,photoalbumsandthewomen’sownmemories,Mr.Zaslowchronicleshowtheirclosefriendshipshaveshapedtheirlivesandcontinuetosustainthem.Theroleoffriendshipintheirhealthandwell-beingisevidentinalmosteverychapter.In2006,astudyofnearly3,000nurseswithbreastcancerfoundthatwomenwithoutclosefriendswerefourtimesaslikelytodiefromthediseaseaswomenwith10ormorefriends.Whilemanyfriendshipstudiesfocusontheintenserelationshipsofwomen,someresearchshowsthatmencanbenefit,too.Inasix-yearstudyof736middle-ageSwedishmen,attachmenttoasinglepersondidn’tappeartoaffecttheriskofheartattackandfatalcoronaryheartdisease,buthavingfriendshipsdid.Onlysmokingwasasimportantariskfactoraslackofsocialsupport.Exactlywhyfriendshiphassuchabigeffectisn’tentirelyclear.Whilefriendscanrunerrandsandpickupmedicineforasickperson,thebenefitsgowellbeyondphysicalassistance.Friendshipclearlyhasaprofoundpsychologicaleffect.Peoplewithstrongfriendshipsarelesslikelythanotherstogetcolds,perhapsbecausetheyhavelowerstresslevels.Lastyear,researchersstudied34studentsattheUniversityofVirginia,takingthemtothebaseofasteephillandfittingthemwithaweightedbackpack.Theywerethenaskedtoestimatethesteepnessofthehill.Someparticipantsstoodnexttofriendsduringtheexercise,whileotherswerealone.Thestudentswhostoodwithfriendsgavelowerestimatesofthesteepnessofthehill.Andthelongerthefriendshadknowneachother,thelesssteepthehillappeared.“Peoplewithstrongerfriendshipnetworksfeellikethereissomeonetheycanturnto.”saidKa