2023年英語II期末復習練習閱讀理解

英語11(1)期末復習—閱讀理解練習題

深圳電大蘇曼華

閱讀部分的短文類型涉及應用文、描述文、記敘文、說明文或議論文等。在做閱讀理解

題時，要善于運用有效的閱讀方法，用較快的速度了解文章的大意，然后回答文后的題目。

這里有幾種方法供參考：

1.略讀:這種閱讀方式用于快速瀏覽，了解文章大意。不能逐詞閱讀，而是按意群掃視，連

貫閱讀；不要拘泥于個別詞句的理解，特別是對于回答問題無關緊要的詞，而要力求掌握

通篇的中心意思；不是通過翻譯來理解，而是通過閱讀了解上下文的意思。略讀時應特別

注意文章的開始段、結束段、每段的首句和結尾句以及段落之間的連接詞語和文章中的

信息詞，它們往往是了解文章的關鍵。

2.查讀：這種閱讀方式適于尋找具體細節(jié)。它的目的非常明確，即找到所需要的信息。平

常生活中我們對這一方法并不陌生。例如從人群中找出你結識的朋友，從貨架上找出你

想購買的商品，在書架上尋找一本你要找的書,從一本指南中找出某個單位的地址等，

都是運用這種方法。在查讀時，目光要自上而下，一目數行地尋視與答題相關的詞句，

與此無關的內容要不久掠過。當回答who,when,where等有關文章細節(jié)時,我們用這種

方法不久就能找到答案。

3.細讀:對于某些需要判斷或思考的問題，先要找到文章中的相關段落，然后逐句閱讀，特別

對關鍵詞、關鍵句要仔細推敲，以便對其有較準確的理解，并弄清字里行間潛在的意思。

對不結識的單詞可根據上下文或自己的背景知識來推斷其含義。對難以看懂的長句要借

助語法知識來理解。對復雜的修飾語、插入句、倒裝句或較生僻的詞語，假如不影響回

答問題，不必深究。

4.對的把握句與句之間的關系：碰到讀不懂的句子只要繼續(xù)往下讀，往往就能找到理解該句

的線索。要學會辨認句群，這樣有助于你更準確地把握一些難句所傳遞的信息，也有助于

理清整個文章的脈絡。一定要抓住文章中的關聯詞。

5.帶著問題閱讀：在做閱讀理解題之前，先看文章后的問題，弄清需要回答的問題,然后帶

著這些問題邊閱讀邊找出答案。與答案無關的內容可略過，由于考試時閱讀的目的很明

確，就是為了回答問題。有時并不需要完全理解全文內容也能回答問題。

無論采用以上哪種方法，在考試時都應一方面快速瀏覽文章及文章后的題目，然后到文章

中查找相關的信息，這就是我們通常所講的skimming（略讀）與scanning（快速查

讀）技巧的緊密結合。

以下是期末考試的閱讀理解練習題

閱讀下列短文，從A、B、C、D四個選項中選擇一個對的答案

Passage1（Unit3Activity6）20237月題

Therehavebeenchangesina11sortsofdifferentareasof

Britishsociety.InrecentyearsintheUKwehavehadavery1arge

increaseinthenumberofcoupleswhogetdivorced.

After1969andtheDivorceLawReformActwehadaveryrapidincrease

inthenumberofdivorces.Therateincreasedsteadilyandinrecenty

earshasincreasedmuchmorerapidly.ButthereareaIsoquitealotof

peoplewhodoactuallygetmarried.Atpresentthemarriagerateinthe

UKisabout70percent,whichhasgonedownsineethenumberofp

eoplewhomarryhasgonedownquitealotinthelast20years,but

moresignificantlyinthelast10years.Quitehighproportionso

fpeopIenow1ivetogetherwithoutmarrying,and,forexample,40percent

ofchiIdrenbornintheUKareborntocoupieswhoaren*tmarried

orareborntoloneparents.Therearequitea1argenumberof1

oneparentfamilies,90percentoftheseareheadedbyawornanratherth

anaman.

TheaveragefamilysizenowintheUKis1.8chi1drenpercouple,which

meansthatthere'sbeenquiteadec1ineinthebirthrateinthe

UKalongwithotherEuropeancountries.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemain1ydiscuSS?AA.Thedec1iningdiv

orcerateintheUK.

B.ThedecliningmarriagerateintheUK.AC.Theincreasingdivorcer

ateintheUK.aD.TrendsinmarriageanddivorceintheUK.

2.Duringthelasttenyears,.

A.themarriageratehasgonedownmorerapidlyintheUK^B.themarriagera

tehasgoneupalotintheUK

C.40%ofchiIdrenwereborntounwedcoupiesintheUK

D.40%ofchi1drenwereborntosingleparentsinIheUK3a.Accordin

gtothepassage,thecohabitationrateintheUKtendsto.

A.declineB.soar（急劇上升）C.staystab1eD.notmentionedinthepass

age4^.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefo1Iowingstatemen

tsisNOTtrue?

A.Thehighestdivorceratewasaround1969.

B.Themarriageratehasgonedowninrecentyears.

C.Themarriagerateiscurrently70percent.D.90percentofloneparen

tfamiliesareheadedbywornen.5A.The1astparagraphtel1sus

A.thebirthrateintheUKisincreasingatthemomentaB.atpresentanyfa

mi1yintheUKis2childrenatmost-^C.thebirthrateinotherEuropeanc

ountrieskeepsincreasingAD.thebirthrateintheUKisdecreasingra

pidlynow

（Key:1.C2.A3.B4.A5.D）

Passage2（作業(yè)2）

Peoplea11overtheworldtodayarebeginningtohearandlearnmoreand

moreabouttheprob1emofpo1lution.Pollutioniscausedeitherbyman's

re1easeofcompletelynewandoftenartificia1（人造的）substancesinto

theenvironment,orbyreleasinggreatlyincreasedamountsofanatura1

substance（物質），suehasoi1fromoiltankersintothesea.

Whateveritsunderlyingreasons,thereisnodoubtthatmuchofthepol1

utioncausedcou1dbecontrol1edifonlycompanies,individualsandgo

vernmentswouldmakemoreeffbrts.Inthehomethereisanobv

iousneedtocontro11itterandwaste.Foodcomeswrappedupthreeoffour

timesinpackagesthatallhavetobedisposedof;drinksareincreas

inglyso1dinbottlesortinswhichcan'tbereused.Thisnoton1y

causesalitterproblem,butalsoisagreatwasteofresources,intermsof

glass,meta1andpaper.Advertisinghashelpedthisprocessbype

rsuadingmanyofusnotonlytobuythingsweneitherwantnor

need,butalsotothrowawaymuchofwhatwedobuy.Pollutionand

wastecombinetobeaproblemeveryonecanhelptosolvebycuttingout

unnecessarybuying,excessuseandcarelessdisposa1（解決）ofthep

roductsweuseinourdaily1ives.

1.ThemaincauseofpolIutionis.

A.thereleaseofartificialornaturalsubstancesintotheenvironment

B.theproductionofnewindustrialgoods

C.increasedamountsofanaturaIsubstance

2.MuchofthepoIIutioncouIdbecontrolIedifonly__.

A.farmerswouIduselessartificialfertilizers

B.governmentswouIdtakeeffectivemeasures

C.aI1sidesconeernedwouldmakemoreefforts

3.Foodpackages,bottlesandtinsfordrinkscancause.

A.airandwaterpoIlution

B.bothalitterproblemandawasteofresources

C.topayfortheservice

4.WhichofthefolIowingcannotheIpsolvingtheprobIemofpoIIuti

on?

A.Cuttingoutunnecessarybuying.B.Reduceexcessuse.

C.Eating.

5.WhatdoestheunderIinedword“l(fā)itter“meaninparagraph2?

A.bitsofwastethingsB.seriousproblemC.industrialpo

Ilution

(Key:1.A2.C3.B4.C5.A)

Passage3(課外)

Afunnythinghappenedonthewaytothecommunicationrevo1ution:

westoppedtalkingtoeachother.

Iwaswalkingintheparkwithafriendrecently,andhismobileph

onerang,interruptingourconversation.Therewewere,wa1king

andtalkingonabeautifu1sunnydayand-poof!-Iwascutoffasi

fIhadbecomeabsentfromtheconversation.

Theparkwasfi11edwithpeopletaIkingontheircel1phones.

Theywerepassingpeop1ewithoutlookingatthem,sayinghe1lo,noticin

gtheirbabiesorstoppingtopattheirdogs.Itseemsthatthelimitlessele

ctronicvoiceispreferredtohumancontact.

Thetelephoneusedtoconnectyoutotheabsent.Nowitmakesp

eoplefeelabsent.Recent1yIwasinacarwiththreefriends.Thedriverhush

edtherestofusbecausehecouldnothearthepersonontheotheren

dofhisce11phone.Therewewere,fourfriendsdrivingdownthe

highway,unab1etotaiktoeachotherbecauseofthesmallthingdesignedto

makecommunicationeasier.

Whyisitthatthemoreconnectedweget,themoredisconnectedIfee1?

Everyadvaneeincommunicationstechnologyisasetback（退步）toth

eclosenessofhumaninteraction.Withe—mai1andinstantmessage

overtheInternet,wecannowcommunicatewithoutseeingortalki

ngtooneanother.Withvoicemail,youcanmakeentireconversations

withouteverreachinganyone.Ifmymomhasaquestion,Ijust1ea

vetheansweronhermachine.

AsaImosteverycontactbetweenhumanbeingsgetsautomatic,the

emotionaldistaneeindexgoesup.Pumpinggasatthestation?Whysay

good-morningtotheassistantwhenyoucanswipeyoucreditcardatthepump

andsaveyourse1fthebotherofhumancontact?Makingadepositatthe

bank?Whytalktotheclerkwho1ivesintheneighborhoodwhenyo

ucanputyourcardintotheATM?

Moreandmore,Ifindmyselfhidingbehinde-mai1todoajob

meantforconversationorbeingrelievedthatvoicemailpickedupbe

causeIdidn'treallyhavetimetota1k.Thetechnologydevoted

tohelpingmekeepintouchismakingme1onelier.

IownamobiIephone,anATMcard,avoice-mailtelephone,and

ane-mai1account.Givingthemupisn'tachoice.Theyaregreatfor

whattheyareintendedtodo.It'stheirunintendedresultsthatmakeme

upset.Whatgoodisal1thisgee-whiztechno1ogyifthereisno

oneintheroomtohearyoucryingout“Geewhiz”?

1.Theauthor'sexperienceofwa1kinginaparkwithafriendrecently

madehimfee1_.

A.unhappyB.funnyC.wonderful

2.Accordingtotheauthor,humancontactinaparkmeans_.

A.lookingateachotherandsayinghellowhenpassing

B.noticingtheirbabiesandstoppingtopattheirdogs

C.bothAandB

3.Accordingtotheauthor,themoreconnectedwegetinc

ommunicationstechnology,theweare.

A.moreautomaticB.moredisconnectedC.c1oser

4.Whataretheexamplestheauthorgivestoexplainhisideathatevery

advanceincommunicationstechnologyisasetbacktotheclose

nessofhumaninteraction?

A.Withe-mai1andinstantmessageovertheInternet,wecannowco

mmunicatewithoutseeingortaikingtooneanother.

B.Withvoicemai1,youcanmakeentireconversationswithouteverr

eachinganyone.

C.Alloftheabove.

5.Whatistheunintendedresu1tofcommunicationtechnology,accord

ingtotheauthor?

A.Itmakescommunicationeasierandconversationpossib1e

everywhere.

B.Itactuallycreatesadistancebetweenpeop1einsteadofbri

ngingthemtogether.

C.Itmakeshumancontactslimitlesswithelectronicvoiceseverywhe

re.

(Key：1.A2,C3.B4.C5.B)

Passage4(課外)20231月題,20237月題

Somepeoplethinktheyhaveananswertothetroublesofauto

mobilecrowdinganddirtyairin1argecities.Theiransweristhebicycle,

or"bike.

Inagreatmanycities,hundredsofpeopleridebicyc1estoworkeveryd

ay.InNewYorkCity,somebikeridershaveevenformedagroup

calledBikeforaBetterCity.Theyclaimthatifmorepeop1erode

bicyc1estoworktherewouldbefewerautomobi1esinthedowntowns

ectionofthecityandthereforelessdirtyairfromcarengines.

Forseveralyearsthisgrouphasbeentryingtogetthecitygovem

menttohelpbikeriders.Forexampie,theywantthecitytodraw

bicyclelanesonsomeofthemainstreets,beeausewhenbikerid

ershavetousethesame1anesascars,thereareaccidents.Bikefor

aBetterCityfee1sthatiftherewerespecia11anesmorepeop1ewo

uIdusebikes.

Butnobicyclelaneshavebeendrawn.Noteveryonethinksitisagoodidea-th

eysayitwi11slowtraffic.Somestoreownersonthemainstreets

saythatifthereis1esstraffic,theywillhavelessbusiness.

Andmostpeople1ivetoofarfromdowntowntotrave1bybike.

Thecitygovernmenthasnotyetdecidedwhattodo.Itwantstokeep

everyonehappy.Onlyonweekends,Centra1Parkisclosedtocars,and

theroadsmaybeusedbybicyclesonly.ButBikeforaBetterCitys

aysthatthisisnotenoughandkeepsfightingtogetbicyclelanesdo

wntown.

1.Accordingtothepassage,somepeop1ethinkthatbicyc1e.

A.aremoreconvenien11hancarsB.aresafertraffictoo1st

hancars

C.areriddenbymostpeopleinU.S.D.arethesolutiontosomecity

problems

2.Theideaofspecialbicycle1anesismostfavoredby.

A.thecitygovernmentB.somebikeriders

C.peop1elivingfarfromdowntownD.somestoreowne

3.“Bicyclelanes“probablymeans

A.narrowpassagesbetweenbuildingsforbicyclesB.roadsfull

ofbicycles

C.sPecia1partsoftheroadforbicycleridersonlyD.roadsfor

bicyc1eson1y

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.BikeforaBetterCitymembersridebicyclestowork.

B.Sometimesaccidentsmayoccurwhencarsandbikesareonthesame

lanes.

C.TheCentralParkissituatedinthedowntownsectionofNewYork.

D.Insomecitiesmanypeopleusebikesastheyhavespecia11

anes.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassageis___.

A.TrafficCrowdinginNewYorkCity

B.AirPollutioninNewYorkCitybyCars

C.Specia1LanesforPassengers

D.ASo1utiontoTrafficProbleminNewYork

(Key:LD2.B3.C4.D5.D)

Passage5(Uni118Activity3)(作業(yè)2)20231月題

BenjaminDisrae1i,thefamousnineteenthcenturyprimeminister,said,"L

ondonisnotacity,-itisanation."Todaythisisanunderstatement;L

ondon,withitsvastrangeofdifferentethnicgroups,isaworid.

Certain1y,Londonisthemostcultural1ydiversecityinthewor1d.The

citywasfoundedbytheRomansandsineethennewarrivalshavecon

stantlyaddedtoitscharacterandprosperity.

Within10years40%ofLondonerswi11befromethnicminori

tygroups,includingthegrowingnumberofLondonersofmixed

ethnicorigin,butmostofthemwi11havebeenbominBritain.

ChildrenofCaribbean-Chinesemarriageswi11gotoschoo1withchildrenof

Russian-Irishcouples.NoneofthemwillbeEng1ishbuta11ofthemwill

beLondoners.

MostofBritain*sethnicminorityresidents1iveinthecapital,speakin

gover3001anguages.

Nearlya11oftheAfricanpopulationandmanyoftheCaribbeanpop

ulationofBritainliveinLondon(83%and58%respectively);39%oft

heChinesepopu1ationofBritainand36%oftheAsianpopulation

ofBritainliveinLondon.

ThelargestmigrantcommunityisfromtheIrishRepublicwith25

6,000people,3.8%ofthetotalpopulationofLondon.

Thereareanestimated330,000refugeesandasylumseekerslivinginL

ondon,withmostrecentarrivaIscomingfromEastemEurope,

NorthAfricaandKurdistan.

Youngpeople,inparticular,areskilledatdealingwithalargenumbe

rofdifferentandhybridcu1tures.

Theythemselvesoftenhaveseveraldifferentethnicidentitiessincetheir

parentsandgrandparentsmaycomefromseveraIdifferentbackgrounds

andtheirfriendsandpartnersdoalso.Theyarewskiliedcross-cultural

ravellerswwithoutleavingtheirhome-town.

1.WhydoesthewriterthinkthatBenjaminDisraeli'sstatementisan

understatement?

BecarsehethinksLondonis___.

A.partofthewor1dB.Evenlargerthansomecountriesintheworld

C.notanationata11D.aminiatureworldthankstoitsgreat

cu1tura1diversity

2.Londonisregardedasthemostcu1turailydiversecityinthe

wor1dduetothefollowingfactsEXCEPTthat.

A.within10years40%Londonerswillbefromethnicminority

groups

B.mostofBritain'sethnicminorityresidentsliveinLondon,

speakingover3001anguages

C.Londonaccommodatesabout330,000refugeesandasylum

seekersfrommanyothercountries

D.Manyyoungpeopleareimmigrantsfromdifferentbackgrounds

3.Ethnicminoritygroupswil1makeup_oftheLondonpopulationin

thefuture.

A.3.8%B.40%C.39%D.36%

4.Thelastparagraphmain1ytel1susinLondon_.

A.youngpeop1earefor4mdifferentbackgrounds

B.youngpeopleareraisedinamulticuIturalenvironment

C.youngpeoplefindithardtoadaptthemselvestohybridcultures

D.youngpeop1efeelateasewithalargenumberofdiversified

cultures

5.Thepassagemainlydea1swith_.

A.theadvantageofhybridcu1turesinLondon

B.thecompositionofthepopu1ationinLondon

C.theculturaldiversityinLondon

D.thecontributionmadebythenewarrivalstoLondon

(Key:1.D2.D3.B4.D5.C)

Passage6(Unit9Activity12)(作業(yè)1)20231月題

Whowillstagethegames?

Preparingforthe01ympicsGamesisahugeundertaking.Justlikethe

ath1etes,thehostcityspendsyearsgettingreadyfortheevent.Be

foredecidingwhichcitywi11hosttheOlympicGames,theInternatio

na10lympicCommittee(10C)hastoexaminebidsfromallover

thewor1d.Biddingforthegamesbeginsabouttenyearsinadvance.

Withoutpreparingaverystrongbid',acitywil1notwinthecom

petitiontohostthegames.Beijingwaschosenforthe2023gam

esfiomfivebidders—Osaka,Paris,TorontoandIstanbu1,2

Whydoesittakeso1ongtoprepare?

Buildingtheinfrastructurecostshugeamountsofmoney.HoldingtheWorld

Cupin2023inJapanandSouthKorea,forexamp1e,meantth

attennewstadiumshadtobebui1t,aswel1asmanyhotelsandanimpro

vedtransportsystem.InBeijing,afterwinningthebidthegovernmentb

eganmajorconstructionprojects-theextensionoftheunderground,the

improvementoftheairportandthebuiIdingofnewmotorways.Ea

chhostcitymustalsobuildan0lympicviHagefbrtheathletes.Bypla

ntingtreesandcreatingparks,thecitybeeomesmoreattractivefbr

tourists.

WhydocountrieswanttohosttheOlympicGames?

Hostingthegameshasamajoreffectontheeconomyandbringsinternati

onalprestigetothecountry.ThousandsandIhousandsofvisitorscome

tothegamesandthehostcitiesarepermanentlyimproved.

1.Biddingforthe01ympicGamesusuallystartsbeforethe

gamesarereallyheld.

A.twoyearsB.eightyearsC.oneyearD.tenyears

2.Beijingwasoneofthebiddersforthe2023games.

A.fourB.fiveC.tenD.three

3.TheWoridCup2023washeIdin.

A.JapanB.SouthKoreaC.ChinaD.AandB

4.WhatconstructionprojectsdidBeijingstartafterwinningthe

bid?

A.Theextensionoftheunderground.B.Theimprovementofthe

airport.

C.ThebuiIdingofnewmotorwaysD.Al1oftheabove

5.WhydocountrieswanttohosttheOlympicGames?

A.Becauseithasamajoreffectontheeconomy.

B.Becauseitbringsinternationa1prestigetothecountry.

C.Becausethehostcitiesarepermanent1yimproved.

D.A11oftheabove.

(Key:l.D2.B3.D4.D5.D)

Passage7(課外)

Iwas15whenIwalkedintoMcCarleyBookstoreandbeganto1ook

overthetitlesofthebooksontheshe1ves.Themanbehindthe

counter,theownerofthebookstore,askedmeifIwouIdlikeajob.Inee

dedtostartsavingforcoHege,soIsaidyes.

Iworkedafterschoo1andduringsummersfbrminimumwagesan

dthejobhelpedpayformyfreshmanyearofco11ege.Iworkedat

manyotherjobsafterwards:Imadecoffeeinthestudentunionduring

co1lege.ImademapsfortheU.SForestService.ButseHingbooks

wasoneofthemostsatisfying.

Onedayawomanaskedmeforbooksoncancer.Sheseemedfearful.Ishowed

hereverythingwehadandfoundotherbookswecouldorder.Sheleftth

eshoplessworriedandTvea1waysrememberedtheprideIfelt

inhavingheIpedher.

Years1ater,asatelevisionreporter,Iheardaboutapoorchildwhowasb

ornwithhisfingersofthelefthand1inkedtogether.Hisfamilycould

notaffordthecorrectivesurgery,andtheboylivedinshame,hiding

hislefthandinhispocket.

IpersuadedmybosstoletmedothestoryonTV.Aftermystoryw

asbroadeast,adoctorandanursecalled,offeringtoperformthesurgeryforf

ree.

Ivisitedtheboyintherecoveryroomaftertheoperation.Thefirst

thinghedidwasholduphisrepairedhandandsay,“Thankyou."Iwas

overjoyedandfilledwithastrongsenseofreward.

AtMcCarleyBookstore,IalwaysfeltIwasworkingforthecustomers,

notjustforthestore.Todayit,sthesame.NBCnewspaysmethesalary.

ButIfeelthatIworkfortheviewers,he1pingthemmakesense

oftheworId.MyworkingexperienceinMeCar1eyBookstorehelpedmefi

ndagoodsenseoftheworld,andmostimportantly,ithe1pedmefind

agoodsenseofmyself.

1.HowdidtheauthorgetthejobinMcCarleyBookstore?

A.Hehappenedtowa1kintotheshopandgotitbychance.

B.Hehadalwayswantedtohaveajobinthatbookstoreandhesuccee

ded.

C.Helikedreadingbooks,sotriedtogetajobthere.

D.Hedidnotgotoschoo1,sohe1ookedforajobwhenhewas15.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,se11ingbookswasoneofthemostsatis

fyingjobexperiences,because.

A.heonlyhadtoworkafterschoolandgotgoodwages

B.ithelpedhimunderstandtheworIdandhimself

C.itheIpedhimpayforhisfreshmanyearofco11ege

D.hedidnotfee1thathewasworkingfbrthestore

3.Afterhehe1pedthefearful1ady1ookingforbooksoncancer,theauthor

was.

A.worriedabouther

B.lessworriedabouther

C.unab1etoforgether

D.proudofhimself

4.TheauthordecidedtoheIpthepoorboyby.

A.persuadinghisbosstodothestoryonTV

B.persuadinghisbossto1ethimdothestoryonTV

C.askingadoctortoperformtheoperationforfree

D.visitingtheboyintherecoveryroomaftertheoperation

5.Themainreasonthattheauthorthinkshispresentjobisthesameas

theoneinthebookstoreis.

A.itgiveshimsa1ary

B.itmakeshimfee1excited

C.ithelpspeop1emakesenseoftheworld

D.itenab1eshimtowork

(Key:1.A2.B3.D4.B5.

C)

Passage8(課外)20237月

Paperwasinventedbyt