(完整word)考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解精選試題和答案解析

(完整word)考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解精選試題和答案解析考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解精選試題及答案解析Unit1PartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts。AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B，CorD。MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points)Text1It’splaincommonsense？Dthemorehappinessyoufeel,thelessunhappinessyouexperience.It’splaincommonsense,butit’snottrue.Recentresearchrevealsthathappinessandunhappinessarenotreallytwosidesofthesameemotion。Theyaretwodistinctfeelingsthat,coexisting，riseandfallindependently.Peoplemightthinkthatthehigheraperson’slevelofunhappiness,thelowertheirlevelofhappinessandviceversa.Butwhenresearchersmeasurepeople'saveragelevelsofhappinessandunhappiness，theyoftenfindlittlerelationshipbetweenthetwo。Therecognitionthatfeelingsofhappinessandunhappinesscanco-existmuchlikeloveandhateinacloserelationshipmayoffervaluablecluesonhowtoleadahappierlife。Itsuggests，forexample,thatchangingoravoidingthingsthatmakeyoumiserablemaywellmakeyoulessmiserable，butprobablywon'tmakeyouanyhappier.Thatadviceisbackedupbyanextraordinaryseriesofstudieswhichindicatethatageneticpredispositionforunhappinessmayrunincertainfamilies。Ontheotherhand，researchershavefoundhappinessdoesn’tappeartobeanyone’sheritage。Thecapacityforjoyisatalentyoudeveloplargelyforyourself。Psychologistshavesettledonaworkingdefinitionofthefeeling?Dhappinessisasenseofsubjectivewell-being.Theyhavealsobeguntofindoutwho’shappy,whoisn’tandwhy。Todate，theresearchhasn’tfoundasimpleformulaforahappylife,butithasdiscoveredsomeoftheactionsandattitudesthatseemtobringpeopleclosertothatmostdesiredoffeelings。Whyisunhappinesslessinfluencedbyenvironment？Whenwearehappy，wearemoreresponsivetopeopleandkeepupconnectionsbetterthanwhenwearefeelingsad。Thisdoesn'tmean，however，thatsomepeopleareborntobesadandthat’sthat.Genesmaypredisposeonetounhappiness,butdispositioncanbeinfluencedbypersonalchoice.Youcanincreaseyourhappinessthroughyourownactions。1。Accordingtothetext，itistruethat［A］unhappinessismoreinheritedthanaffectedbyenvironment.[B］happinessandunhappinessaremutuallyconditional。word完美格式(完整word)考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解精選試題和答案解析[C]unhappinessissubjecttoexternalmorethaninternalfactors.［D］happinessisanuncontrollablesubjectivefeeling。2。Theauthorarguesthatonecanachievehappinessby［A］maintainingitatanaveragelevel.[B］escapingmiserableoccurrencesinlife。［C］pursuingitwithone'spainstakingeffort。［D］realizingitscoexistencewithunhappiness.3。Thephrase“Todate”(Par.4)canbebestreplacedby［A］Asaresult.［B]Inaddition.［C］Atpresent。［D］Untilnow。4。Whatdoyouthinktheauthorbelievesabouthappinessandunhappiness?[A］Onefeelsunhappyowingtohismiserableorigin.［B］Theyareindependentbutexistingconcurrently[C］Onefeelshappybyparticipatinginmoreactivities。［D]Theyareactionsandattitudestakenbyhumanbeings。5。Thesentence“That’sthat”(Par.5)probablymeans：Somepeopleareborntobesad[A]andthesituationcannotbealtered。［B］andhappinessremainsinaccessible.［C］buttheydon’tthinkmuchaboutit.［D］buttheyremainunconsciousofit.Text2Thelegallimitfordrivingafterdrinkingalcoholis80milligramsofalcoholin100millilitresofblood,whentested.Butthereisnosurewayoftellinghowmuchyoucandrinkbeforeyoureachthislimit.Itvarieswitheachpersondependingonyourweight，yoursex,ifyou’vejusteatenandwhatsortofdrinksyou’vehad.Somepeoplemightreachtheirlimitafteronlyaboutthreestandarddrinks.Infact,yourdrivingabilitycanbeaffectedbyjustoneortwodrinks。Evenifyou’rebelowthelegallimit,youcouldstillbetakentocourtifapoliceofficerthinksyourdrivinghasbeenaffectedbyalcohol.Ittakesaboutanhourforthebodytogetridofthealcoholinonestandarddrink。So,ifyouhaveaheavydrinkingintheeveningyoumightfindthatyourdrivingabilityisstillaffectedthenextmorning，oryoucouldevenfindthatyou’restilloverthelegallimit。Inaddition,ifyou'vehadafewdrinksatlunchtime，anotheroneortwodrinksintheearlyeveningmaywellputyouoverthelegallimit.Inatestwithprofessionaldrivers,themorealcoholicdrinkstheyhadhad,theword完美格式

(完整word)考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解精選試題和答案解析morecertaintheywerethattheycoulddriveatestcoursethroughasetofmovableposts...andthelessabletheyweretodoit！Sotheonlywaytobesureyou’resafeisnottodrinkatall.Alcoholisamajorcauseofroadtrafficaccidents。Oneinthreeofthedriverskilledinroadaccidentshavelevelsofalcoholwhichareoverthelegallimit，androadaccidentsafterdrinkingarethebiggestcauseofdeathamongyoungmen.Morethanhalfofthepeoplestoppedbythepolicetotakeabreathtesthaveabloodalcoholconcentrationofmorethantwicethelegallimit。Itisimportanttorememberthatdrivingafteryou'vebeendrinkingdoesn’tjustaffectyou.Ifyou’reinvolvedinanaccidentitaffectsalotofotherpeopleaswell，notleastthepersonyoumightkillorinjure。6。Theamountofalcoholadrivercandrinkwithinthelegallimitis［A］about80mgofpurealcohol。［B］aboutthreestandarddrinks.［C]inproportiontohisweight.［D］varyingwithdifferentpeople。7.Youmightbeaccusedofdrunkdrivingwhen[A］youdriveuponhavingsomedrinks。［B]youbecomeahelplessalcoholaddict。［C］yourdrivingisfoundabnormalfordrinking.[D]youralcoholpercentagefailsthetest.8.Atestshowedthatdrunkenprofessionaldriverscould[A］havegreaterconfidencethansoberones。［B］moveawayasetofpostsonthetestground。［C］failinthetestdespitetheirself—affirmation。［D］serveasalarmingexamplestopotentialdrivers.9.Alcoholisthemajorcauseoftrafficaccidentsbecause［A］morethan30%roadcasualtiesaredrinkdrivers。[B］drinkingaffectspeople'smindandemotion。［C]aboutone—thirddriversareusedtodrinking。［D］youngdriversarefamiliaramongtrafficvictims.10.Aboutdrinkdriving,theauthorwarnsyouofthefactthatyou［A］maybetakentocourtbythepolice。［B]areputtingyourselfindanger.[C］mayhurtorkillanotherdriver。word完美格式

(完整word)考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解精選試題和答案解析［D]aresettingotherpeopleatrisk.Text3Therearevariouswaysinwhichindividualeconomicunitscaninteractwithoneanother.Threebasicwaysmaybedescribedasthemarketsystem,theadministeredsystem，andthetraditionalsystem.Inamarketsystemindividualeconomicunitsarefreetointeractamongeachotherinthemarketplace.Itispossibletobuycommoditiesfromothereconomicunitsorsellcommoditiestothem。Inamarket,transactionmaytakeplaceviabarterormoneyexchange。Inabartereconomy，realgoodssuchasautomobiles,shoesandpizzasaretradedagainsteachother。Obviously，findingsomebodywhowantstotrademyoldcarinexchangeforasailboatmaynotalwaysbeaneasytask。Hence,theintroductionofmoneyasamediumofexchangeeasestransactionsconsiderably。Inthemodernmarketeconomy,goodsandservicesareboughtorsoldformoney。Analternativeforthemarketsystemisadministrativecontrolbysomeagencyoveralltransactions.Thisagencywillissueedicts(orders）orcommandsastohowmuchofeachgoodandserviceshouldbeproduced,exchanged，andconsumedbyeacheconomicunit.Centralplanningmaybeonewayofadministeringsuchaneconomy.Thecentralplan，drawnupbythegovernment,showstheamountsofeachcommodityproducedbythevariousfirmsandallocatedtodifferenthouseholdsforconsumption。Thisisanexampleofcompleteplanningofproduction,consumption，andexchangeforthewholeeconomy。Inatraditionalsociety，productionandconsumptionpatternsaregovernedbytradition;everyperson’splacewithintheeconomicsystemisfixedbyparentage（origin)，religion，andcustom。Transactionstakeplaceonthebasisoftradition,too。Peoplebelongingtoacertaingrouporcaste(socialclass）mayhaveanobligationtocareforotherpersons，providethemwithfoodandshelter，carefortheirhealth,andprovidefortheireducation。Clearly，inasystemwhereeverydecisionismadeonthebasisoftraditionalone,progressmaybedifficulttoachieve。Astagnant（unchanging）societymayresult。11.Themainpurposeofthetextisto［A］interprettheessenceofgeneraleconomics。［B］comparebarterandcash-exchangemarkets。［C］outlinecontrastingtypesofeconomicsystems.[D］argueforthesuperiorityofacertaineconomy。12.Theword“real”in“realgoods"(Par。2)couldbestbereplacedby［A］genuine。［B］concrete.［C］durable。［D］practical.word完美格式

(完整word)考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解精選試題和答案解析13。Accordingtothetext，abartereconomymayleadto［A］unfairtransaction.[B］directconflicts.［C］gradualdeflation。[D]tradingtroubles.14.Inanadministeredsystem,businessactivitiesareunderthedirectionof[A]majoreconomicorganizations.［B］generalpublicadvisorybody.［C］largecommercialcompanies.[D］certainofficialdepartments.15.Allofthefollowingarementionedasfactorsdeterminingone'splaceinatraditionalsocietyEXCEPT［A］familybackground.［B］ageandeducation。［C］religiousbeliefs.［D］establishedexperience。Text4It’spossiblethatwhileyouareatwork,youmaydreamaboutamonthofSundays，butyourbosswishesforaweekofTuesday。That’sbecauseshe/heprobablyknowsthatproductivityisoneofthemainfactorsbolstering（supporting）acompany’sgrowth.AndarecentpollshowsthatworkersaremostproductiveonTuesdays！Accountemps，anemploymentagency，conductedanationalsurveyofofficemanagers，whichshowsthatbythemiddleoftheweek，theyseeadramaticproductivitydecrease。WhileMondayisconsideredsecondin“productivityvalue，"onlyninepercentofofficemanagersthinkWednesdayisthepeakproductivityday.FivepercentbelieveitisThursday。AndFriday，well,youcanjustimagine!However,forty—eightpercentofthemanagerspolledsaidthatTuesdayis，byfar，themostproductivedayoftheweek。Acloseanalysisofworkweekrhythmswouldturnupsomeobviousreasonsforthosesurveyresults。Firstofall，Mondayisoverloadedwithmeetings，designedto“getthingsmoving,”andeverybodyknowsmeetingsaren’tveryproductive。Wednesdayis“humpday”（駝峰日）?Dgetoveritaspainlesslyaspossible，aworkerthinks,andtheweekismorethanhalfwayover.OnThursday，peoplearerunningoutofsteam；andFriday，everybody’sthinkingabouttheweekend.Therearereasonswhytheotherdaysaren’tproductive，butwhatmakesTuesdayspecial？Tuesdays，employeeshitpeakperformancebecausetheyareveryfocusedonday—to-dayactivities。Also,it'susuallythefirstdayoftheweekwhenthey'refocusedontheirowntask。They’renotinmeetingsthattakethemawayfromtheirprimaryresponsibilities.Actually，Tuesdayscanbequitehectic（fullofexcitementandwithoutrest）。Workersarearrivingatworkfairlyfrantic(wildlyexcited）。Andso，in10hours，they’redoing20—hourwork.That’sproductive,butit’salsoword完美格式

(完整word)考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解精選試題和答案解析tough.Thisdoesnotmeanthatnothinghappensonthelastthreedaysoftheworkweek。Thingsdonotgetsolaxthatpeoplearesittingwiththeirfeetondesks，sippingcoffeeandtalkingonthephoneallday，butthere’sadefinitelackoffocus.Thepacesoftensandtherhythmslowsdown.Andthisisnothealthy:itproducesfatigueandlowersproductivity。Topreventthismidweekslowdown,somemanagementconsultantssuggestthatemployersavoidjammingsomanymeetingsintoMondays。Workdeadlinescanberescheduledtostretchouttheworkflow。Variationsinproductivityareonlynatural,butbothworkersandbosseswinwhenthe